SPE 54738
Acidizing Deep Open-Hole Horizontal Wells: A case History on Selective Stimulation
and Coil Tubing Deployed Jetting System
S. Mascarà, SPE, ENI Agip Div., A. D’Ambrosio, ENI Agip Div., A. Zambelli, ENI Agip Div., V. Gili, SPE, ENI Agip Div., S.
Loving, Baker Oil Tool, M. Dossena, Schlumberger Dowell
Copyright 1999, Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc.
This paper was prepared for presentation at the 1999 SPE European Formation Damage
Conference held in The Hague, The Netherlands, 31 May–1 June 1999.
This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE Program Committee following review of
information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper, as
presented, have not been reviewed by the Society of Petroleum Engineers and are subject to
correction by the author(s). The material, as presented, does not necessarily reflect any
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Abstract
The Val D’Agri field is located 20 Km SE of Potenza
(Basilicata) in Southern Italy. The aerial extension of the field
covers approx. 250 Km2 mostly (2/3) in the mountainous
region (more than 1000 m. a.s.l.) of the field, while the
remaining part is located in the river Agri valley at 600 m.
a.s.l.
The field is divided into five blocks: Grumento Nova, Corleto
Perticara, Caldarosa, Volturino and Tempa Rossa, operated by
ENI Agip Division on behalf of different Joint Ventures,
comprised by Enterprise Oil, FINA, and Mobil .
From 1980 to present 24 wells have been drilled by ENI
Agip Division. The most significant discoveries have been
Costa Molina 1(1980) and Monte Alpi 1 (1988), in the
southern part, Cerro Falcone 1 (1992), in the northern part,
and Monte Enoc 1 (1994), in the central part of the field which
confirmed a unique reservoir. Val D’Agri is currently the most
interesting Italian region for hydrocarbon production, and
probably the most demanding from the completion technology
point of view.
The overall plan is to drill more than 50 wells and produce
about 100,000 bopd when the oil treating center and the
pipeline network will be completed.
Introduction
In all the world (and the Val D’Agri is not excluded) there
is considerable concern about the environmental effect of
large scale development activity.
In Basilicata, in order to preserve the area’s environmental,
archeological and rural worth, the area is going to be formally
declared as a National Park; some of the wells already drilled
and some to be drilled are inside its boundary.
To minimize the number of rig locations and in order to
reduce the environmental impact in the area, cluster
development has been implemented in Val D’Agri field. The
carbonate reservoir has an average of 600 mt of undersaturated
oil column. Two different types of oil are present; light oil at
API° 35 and heavy oil at API° 22. The bottom of the reservoir
is delimited by the acquifer at 2960 mt below s.l.
At present 4 wells are producing some 8,000 bbls/day
treated in the Viggiano Oil Center; a further 13 wells have
been drilled and completed , but are not connected yet. The
Val D’Agri project involves the drilling of some 50 wells, the
revamping of the Oil center to be able to treat more than
100,000 bbls/day and the construction of a 20” pipeline to the
Taranto refinery.
Production test analysis suggest that most of the oil
production comes from a few natural fractures and that the
formation damage can be effectively removed with a properly
designed acid job.
Acid jobs have been performed using different procedures.
Initially, in the dual completion vertical wells, the acid
treatments consisted of bullhead pumping HCl acid at
maximum rate without any flow diversion.
In the more recent horizontal wells the acid job procedure
included two main operations. Spotting the acid in front of the
formation with coiled tubing, then bullheading acid at the
maximum rate intermixed with viscous pills.
Due to the length of the horizontal open hole section (more
than 1000 mt.) in the Monte Enoc 2 well (Figs 1 and 2 ) a new
acidizing technique was developed. A work string with
inflatable straddle packers was designed in order to treat
multiple intervals no longer than 100 m. To improve treating
2 S. Mascarà, A. D’Ambrosio, A. Zambelli, V. Gili, S. Loving, M. Dossena
efficiency, the use of the SDATM ( self diverting acid ) to get
chemical diversion inside each interval was also planned.
Another technique used in the most recently wells is the
Coil Tubing Underbalance Acid Jetting Wash. The technique
involves in the circulation of acid through 1 1/2” (or bigger)
Coil Tubing, the bottom hole assembly of the coil being
provided with a rotary jetting tool . The combined action of
the acid and the jetting force is able to remove the filter chake
impairing the full production of the well
The paper will illustrate the results achieved, problems
encountered by these new techniques and indicate the already
planned modifications to the inflatable straddle system to
allow an increase in the number of treated intervals without
retrieving the working string in the case of the selective
stimulation case and the experience gained in the coil tubing
jetting system technique.
Geological Prospective
Val D’Agri area is located in a sector of the South
Appenines campano-lucano arch with a tectonic style
characterized by a duplex type system: on the basis of this
model some stratighraphic-structural units geometrically
higher and more internal are in a position near to the
alloctonus (Apennine chain) covering the more external units
(Inner Apula Platform) belonging to the foreland Apulo
domain.
From the analysis of the data it is agreed on the presence of
three principal lines: on the west side the Appenines Platform,
on east side the Apula Platform and in between the
Lagonegrese basin. The lagonegresi sedimentary sequence of
the South Appenines is considered a deformed part of a deep
sea basin, corresponding to the actual South Ionio sea (Finetti
and others 1996).
The Apula Platform can be divided into two different
units: Inner and Outer Apula: latter represents the foreland and
is the substratum of the Fossa Bradanica, while the Inner
Apula is the center of the Appenines Chain.
The Val D’Agri field geological section (Fig. 3) shows
from SW to NE:
1. the inner margin of the chain, characterized by distensive
tectonic, gradually deepening to the tirrenic basin
2. the apenninic chain s.s. in a carbonates thrust system
(Apula Interna, Mostardini & Merlini 1986) and in a
plastic alloctonus system covering the carbonates thrust
3. the apulo-garganico foreland, immersed below the
Appenines system
The structural motif, at regional level, of the campano-
lucano Appenines arch is the result of two different
compressive tectonic phases:
1. Top early Pliocene (confirmed by early Pliocene sequence
laying on the carbonates apulo substratum)
2. Medium Pleistocene
With phase 1. the over thrust of the Irpine and
Lagonegrese Units, has been realized over the undeformed
foreland.
Phase 2. is responsible for the structure of the inner Apula
in large anticlines which deform the alloctonus units. The
SPE 54738
actual phase is distensive and responsible for the
sedimentation of fluvial - lacustrine sequence of Val D’Agri.
This is confirmed, from the data gathered from the Val D’Agri
wells, by Pliocene Inferiore sediments laying on the carbonatic
apulo substratum.
Horizontal Multilateral Drilling and Completion
To limit the well locations, cluster multibranch horizontal
wells have been planned in the Val D’Agri development.
Up today 7 wells have horizontal section:
Cerro Falcone 1
Monte Alpi 5
Monte enoc NW1
Monte Enoc 2
Monte Enoc 3
Monte Enoc 9
Alli 1
Moreover two bidrain horizontal well have been
successfully completed:
Cerro Falcone 2
Volturino 1
Average length of the horizontal sections is same 1000
mt.; with an average R.O.P of 2.5 mt/hour the reservoir is
exposed to the drilling mud for more than 30 days.
When a fracture is hit very often total fluid loss is
experience; so to proceed with drilling L.C.M. is spotted.
All of this makes the restoring of the production
capabilities of the wells a very challenging problem
Stimulation Strategy
The advent of horizontal development of the fields puts the
emphasis on production optimization; in particular on how to
restore productivity in the long open hole section.
Matrix acidizing is a well stimulation technique that
removes, partially or completely, near-wellbore damage with
acid.
An acidizing treatment is called a "matrix" treatment
because the acid is injected at pressure below formation
fracture pressure. Injected fluids follow the path of least
resistance corresponding to the higher permeability and/or
least damaged zones; consequently particular technique should
be considered to increase acid placement.
Generally, a matrix stimulation plan includes:
proper design of the treating fluid, effective specific volume
and rate and adequate treating technique in order to achieve
complete damage removal from the entire productive interval.
Various stimulation techniques have been tested:
1. Selective stimulation
2. Coil tubing washing
3. Bullheading from surface of cross linked acid,
Selective Stimulation
A brief history. In order to selectively stimulate the horizontal
section, wells such as Monte Alpi 5, Monte Enoc NW 1 and
Cerro Falcone 2 were completed with slotted liner spaced with
blank slotted sections isolated by ECIP (External Casing
SPE 54738 Acidizing Deep Open-Hole Horizontal Wells: A case History on Selective Stimulation and Coil Tubing deployed Jetting System
Inflating Packer); the spacing according the results of the FMI
log locating the more fractured open hole sections (Fig. 4).
Following the running of the completion string and
nippling up of the X-Mas tree, the acid job was performed
with coil tubing and TTBP(Through Tubing Bridge Plug) set
in the blank slotted sections.
The results of this completion strategy were unsatisfactory
mainly due to the poor ECIP performance.
Moreover the pressure rating of the TTBP was the limiting
factor for an effective stimulation treatment.
In Monte Enoc 2 a new selective stimulation methodology has
been used for the first time in ENI Agip Division.
Reservoir target
The first wells drilled in Val D’Agri Limestone Formation
Field were vertical; now wildcat wells are single drain or
multidrain. Usually the horizontal main drain length is
between 800 and 1200 meters; the total length depends mainly
from thief/fissured zones extension showed by logs analysis
and eventually from mud losses monitored during the drilling
phase. Matrix gives a poor contribution to the total oil
production because of the low matrix permeability; high
productivity is possible only if a fault or an extensive fracture
network is encountered.
Most natural fissures are distributed near to the main faults
but actually it is very difficult to understand if they are
conductive or closed (e.s. cemented by calcite).
The scope of work (completion and stimulation design) of
Monte Enoc 2Or well was to select the best fractured zones
(high potential) and treat them with acid. Selective injection
tests with brine were planned to verify the presence and
conductivity of fractured zones predicted from log data.
Selective Stimulation: Monte Enoc 2
Well data
The Monte Enoc 2or well has reached the total depth of @
4940 mt. T.M.D. (T.V.D. 3615m). The final completion
consists of a 7” liner with shoe positioned at 3779 mt. T.M.D.
and a horizontal 6” wellbore that cross the carbonatic reservoir
until the total measured depth (total horizontal open hole
length 1161m).
A Nacl brine (specific gravity 1.02 Kg/l) was used as
completion fluid. A proper rock mechanic study was
performed from ENI Agip Division Lab on wellbore stability
during production phase before selecting an open hole
completion.
Stimulation design
Matrix acidizing of a horizontal well is very problematic
mainly due to the extent of the zone to be treated. The
challenge is to obtain production optimization with a small
acid volume compared with a vertical well, this requires good
placement and pumping techniques.
The selected work string with straddle packers (Figs 5 and
6) allows selective treatment of the horizontal section
including zones with different conductivity (from zero as for
3
calcite cemented natural fissures to very high conductivity
fractures).
The spacing between the two packers ( about 95 m ) was
chosen according to the interval selection proposed by
reservoir department. To avoid acid-packer contact, a blank
zone of few meters for each part was added.
The work string was designed to allow a high pump rate,
according to the criteria suggested by Paccaloni’s MAPDIR
technique (maintain the highest bottom hole treating pressure,
in matrix condition, to reach an uniform distribution of the
treating fluid along the selected zone). In addition, to optimize
matrix treatment in high conductivity zones a new product for
chemical diversion was planned.
Chemical Diverting Techniques
The use of chemical diverting materials can be alternative
or/in conjunction with mechanical diversion. Diverting agents
temporarily block the more permeable sections of the interval,
forcing the acid into the less permeable (or damaged) areas.
A recently developed acid system (SDA TM -Self Diverting
Acid) containing no solids or particulate, shows very
promising diversion effectiveness in carbonates formations.
SDA can be used in either cased or open hole completion
since it actually diverts in the formation rather than on it (In-
situ diversion).SDA consists on HCl acid mixed with a gelling
agent and a pH sensitive crosslinker.
SDA formulations have unique rheological properties:
initial spending of the acid during leak-off and wormholing,
will produce a rise in pH to value of 2-3, which initiates a
dramatic increase in viscosity. This highly viscous acid will
then act to plug off the thief zone, forcing the following stage
of plain acid to be diverted. Further reduction in pH to values
above 5 reduce the viscosity to about 15 cp.
It has been seen that the retention of some viscosity after
spending assists to maintain the formation fines in suspension,
and improves the clean-up of the formation.
Work String
The stimulation operation was designed to achieve the
following goals:
1. High treating rate ( 20 - 30 bpm ) as it was experienced in
the previous jobs,
2. Selective treatment of intervals no longer than 100 meters,
3. Safe operations in presence of extremely high leak off,
4. Possible production test after stimulation,
5. Killing of the well with presence of gas below the
packer.
To achieve the first goal the available Coiled Tubing at the
time of the operation (1.5" OD ) was too small for high
treatment rate , so a 3 ½ " working string was selected. This
solution required additional tools in the work string to get
annulus control during stimulation and leak off control in case
of a successful job. Annulus control was necessary to activate
the circulation and the tester valve selected and this was made
possible using a mechanical retrievable packer combined with
some slip joints. Because of the rig location, ( Monte Enoc 2
well is located at about 1200 mt. asl ), it would have been very
4 S. Mascarà, A. D’Ambrosio, A. Zambelli, V. Gili, S. Loving, M. Dossena
difficult and expensive to organize a continuous water supply
to the rig site in case of high leak off. Therefore only a limited
volume of fluid and time was available to put the well in safe
conditions.
The design called to treat 6 different zone of the well, by
inflating, treating, deflating, and moving in next spot the
straddle packers. The most critical aspect in performing this
operation was the well control.
During the operation, in particular during the moving
between one zone to another, with the straddle packers de-
flated, the fluid loss will increase due to the effects of the acid
stimulation.
The site logistic allowed to safely control the fluid loss, in
the order of 4-5 bbl/min: this fluid loss value corresponds to
an equivalent Production Index PI of 50 m3/day/kg/cm2
considered satisfactory in terms of production; so the
operation was planned to be cease if such value could be
achieved.
A Knock Out Isolation flapper Valve KOIV (Figs 7 and
8) positioned at the top of the 7" liner, was installed before
running in the hole the stimulation string; it will be closed
activated by a sleeve catcher placed at the bottom of the work
string.
In case of high leak-off the work string could be pulled
out of the hole above the KOIV and the protective sleeve
could be retrieved by the sleeve catcher, closing out
automatically the flapper providing the separation between
formation and surface. The time required for this operation,
few hours, was compatible with the volume of fluid available
at the well site.
The subsequent operation, i.e. the running of the
completion string, was then conducted without any fluid loss
and consequently damage of the already acid stimulated open
hole section. After nippling up the X-Mas tree a wire line run
was necessary to re-open the valve to the flow
Because of the uncertainty on the bottom hole temperature
during stimulation, to avoid possible deflating of the straddle
packer, an “ad hoc” circulation sub at the top of the straddle
packer was foreseen in the work string. With this tool it was
possible to cool the wellbore before stimulation to minimize
the cooling effect of the stimulation fluid pumped at high
rates.
The straddle packers size was compatible with the ID of
the sleeve of the KOIV and the maximum differential pressure
required for the stimulation. In order to verify the efficiency
and reliability of the system, some memory gauges were
installed in the work string. At the end of the job it was
possible to understand what really happened at downhole
conditions because from the surface pumping parameters only
it is not possible to know if the straddle packers worked as
expected.
The analysis of pressure and temperature data above the
top packer and between the straddle packers pointed out
problems during the inflation of the bottom packer not
identifiable from surface parameters. This helped in designing
the new work string for future selective stimulation in Val
D'Agri. The effective life of the straddle packer was shorter
SPE 54738
than similar jobs in other fields. This was because of the high
differential pressures recorded during the job (no fault or
natural fracture network was encountered during the
stimulation). Every run only 2 or 3 intervals have been treated
before a failure in the straddle packer occurred.
An important consideration with such a work string is that
during the day light, in this kind of wells, it is possible to treat
no more than 4 intervals because the procedure required to
reposition the straddle packer across the new interval to treat
is time consuming. First it is necessary to completely deflate
the straddle packer, then unseat the mechanical packer, then
pull the work string up slowly trying to minimize swabbing in
the open hole section, then reset the mechanical packer and
finally inflate the straddle packers.
Treatment
The total treating volume had been designed according to
ENI Agip Division experience on previous jobs in similar
wells in Val D’Agri. Laboratory tests were performed to select
the best fluid type and volume.
The choice was acid with 65 mc of 15% by weight regular
HCl (the highest concentration compatible with a safe
corrosion level ) with corrosion inhibitor, iron control agent,
sulfur modifier, mutual solvent, antisludge agents, and friction
reducer.
For safety reasons, the acid treatments were planned only
during the day light hours only. Two slugs of SDA for a total
volume of 15 mc were also pumped.
The specific acid volume was about 800 lt/m of net pay (about
65 gal/ft) . The displacing fluid was fresh water with properly
selected additives.
Stimulation results
During the job, 4 intervals have been stimulated :
1) 4885 - 4780 m
2) 4685 - 4580 m
3) 4395 - 4290 m
4) 3930 - 3897 m
After stimulation a PLT with coiled tubing was performed
and showed the following producing intervals:
1) 4620-4615 m
2) 4325-4315 m
3) 4000-3980 m
4) 3885-3875 m
Most of the oil production (70-80%) was coming from the
4th interval. The interval 4885 - 4780 m where the FMI log
highlighted considerable fissures was not productive.
Stimulation-Considerations
Real-time treatment monitoring showed, after straddle
packer recovery, that the inflatable elements did not provide
the zone isolation as planned because of difficulties in
inflating the bottom packer probably due to the distance
between the straddle packer assembly.
Although the matrix stimulation was performed under non
favorable conditions, an improvement of the injectivity index
was obtained.
SPE 54738 Acidizing Deep Open-Hole Horizontal Wells: A case History on Selective Stimulation and Coil Tubing deployed Jetting System
Effectiveness of in-situ SDA diversion was deemed
evidenced (Fig. 9).
While the pressure remains flat at approximately 3200 psi,
during HCl acid injection into the formation, a notable
pressure increase was evident when SDA reached the
formation with almost constant rate (in reality the rate is
slightly decreasing). Well head pressure monitoring indicated
gradual increases, (total differential pressure about 600 psi)
suggesting that diversion stage was effective.
The following regular acid stage resulted in a notable
decrease of injection pressure. The pump rate was increased to
10 bpm. When the second SDA stage reached the formation,
the injection pressure surged by approximately 300-400 psi,
indicating possible in situ diversion.
During both SDA diversion stages a slight premature
decrease of injection pressure is notable before all acid volume
is pumped. This can be mainly attributed to a reduction of
injection rate, carried out not to exceed the maximum
designed treating pressure during the SDA stages. The
injection pressure remained flat during the following regular
HCl acid stage. No significant additional improvement of the
injectivity index was achieved.
Discussion
Generally when HCl acid is injected into carbonate
formation, the measured well-head pressure is expected to fall,
indicating the progress of the chemical reaction of the acid
with the rock.
During the last stimulation treatment (3930 - 3897 mt),
two SDA stages were pumped, with HCl and SDA in
sequence. Since both fluids have different rheologies and
viscosity, the pressure response when entering into porous
media is affected.
The use of SDA created a temporary desired skin, that
reduced the well injectivity, and then surely affected the
pressure evolution. The discontinuity in pumping pressure is
an indication of effective fluid diversion in the formation.
This temporary induced skin however masked any
following pressure fall-off. For this reason any interpretation
of pressure decline becomes very difficult. After well clean-up
the P.I. was about 1.5 m3/d/bar (oil rate about 250 BOPD) and
the most of the oil production is according to PLT data from
3885-3875 m interval.
Conclusions on Selective Stimulation
The following conclusions can be drawn:
• The work string with straddle packer supplied with
continuous bottom hole monitoring system is an effective
tool for selective stimulation in horizontal wells.
• Analyzing data collected with memory gauge it is possible
to understand what really happened during the job and
improve the efficiency of the total system.
• Injection tests before stimulation can verify the presence of
a conductive fractured zone.
• Chemical diversion with high pump rate are possible with
a properly designed work string.
5
• By making a design modification to the straddle packer
assembly, it is possible to eliminate the problem of the
bottom packer not inflating.
Coil Tubing Wash
An effective technique recently used in the horizontal
wells of the Val D’Agri field is the Coil tubing underbalance
acid wash. Briefly the technique involves in the circulation of
a fluid, typically acid, through 1 3/4” (or bigger) Coil tubing;
the bottom hole assembly of the coil is provided with a rotary
jetting tool. The combined action of the acid and the jetting
tool is able to remove the filter cake.
Underbalance wash: Monte Enoc 3
In October 1997 , on well Monte Enoc 3or (open hole
completion ) this new techniques has been tested for the first
time in ENI Agip Division. The technique is based on the
circulation of fluid through coiled tubing equipped with a
rotating circulating head with jets and a turbine that provides
the power necessary for the “stress cycling” exerted on the
undesired adhesive material (deposit/panel).
With the addition of appropriate additives to the base fluid or
the circulation of aggressive fluids (ex. acid) it is possible to
obtain the removal / disgregation of the deposits that obstruct
the production.
Adding nitrogen to the fluid from time to time , allows the
well to operate in underbalance conditions. The direction of
the flow (formation-well-surface) makes the dragging of
removed deposits easier with evident benefits for the
productivity formation that see an effective reduction of skin.
This technique has been applied firstly on Monte Enoc 3;
the stimulation program included an open hole cleanup with
the rotary jetting tool ; an underbalance wash of the open hole
with filtered brine, mutual solvent and a breaker to remove the
polymeric filter cake, followed by an over balance wash of
15% HCl with mutual solvent, inhibitor etc. in order to
remove any near well bore matrix damage caused by calcium
carbonate LCM and drilling cutting.
The stimulation operation was performed after the running
of the final completion (Fig. 10). The results were very
encouraging: Monte Enoc 3 well has been successfully tested
at a production rate over 600 m3/day; estimated P.I.s are still
under evaluation. The technique of stimulation in open hole
completion with rotary jetting system , has been already
applied in other six horizzontal wells , with satisfactory and
encouraging results. The technique has brought to a
simplification of the completion hook up and a reduction in
the surface equipment needed to stimulate the wells (Fig. 11)
in an environmental sensitive area like Val D’Agri field.
The Bottom assembly of the coil tubing is very simplified;
at the moment ENI Agip Division has tested two different
B.H.A provided by different Service Company.
The reported one is provided by Baker Oil Tool (Fig. 12)
In Table 1 are summarized the wells data where the
technique as been applied and the relevant
6 S. Mascarà, A. D’Ambrosio, A. Zambelli, V. Gili, S. Loving, M. Dossena SPE 54738

In particular are reported the total depth of the wells, the

open hole size and length, the completion tubing size and the
minimum restriction through it and finally the number of runs
performed on each well with the type of acid and treatment
volume.
This technique have a good impact in term of time/cost
reduction , and the system is reliable in term of equipment and
procedure

Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Management of ENI
Agip Division for permission to publish this paper. Special
tanks to Mr Steven Scott from TAM International and Mr
Norbert Heitmann from Dowell Schlumberger for their
contribution. The authors wishes also to thank all the
personnel of ENI Agip Division Ortona District involved in
the operations.
Ortona District, cooperatated by San Donato Milanese
colleagues, is very much focused on the Val D’Agri field
Development.
Only the professionalism of the people involved can bring
the continued performance improvements that we continually
achieve and constantly strive for.

References:

1- G. Paccaloni M. Tambini “Advances in Matrix Stimulation

Technology” SPE N° 20623 SPE 65th Annual Technical
Conference and Exhibition held in New Orleans, LA, September
23-26, 1990.
2- M. Tambini “ An Effective Matrix Stimulation Technique for
Horizontal Wells” SPE N° 24993, SPE European Petroleum
Conference held in Cannes, France, 16-18 November 1992.
3- G. Paccaloni “ A New, Effective Matrix Stimulation Diversion
Technique” SPE N° 24781, SPE Formation Damage Control
Symposium held in Bakersfield, California, February 8-9, 1988.
4- Goode P.A. and Wilkinson, D.J. “Inflow Performance of a
Partially open Horizontal Wells” SPE N° 19341, SPE Eastern
Regional Meeting, Morgantown, October 24-27 1989.
5- M.J. Economides, K. Ben-Naceur, and R.C. Klem, ”Matrix
Stimulation Method for Horizontal Wells” Dowel Schlumberger
SPE N° 19719, SPE 64th Annual Technical Conference and
Exhibition, held in San Antonio,TX, October 8-11, 1989.
6- O. Lietard” Matrix Treatment in Horizontal Openhole wells:
Design of viscous diverter slugs and treatment fluid placement
optimization”, Dowell Schlumberger, SPE n° 38201, PE
European Formation Damage Conference held in The Hague,
The Netherlands, 2-3 June 1997.
SPE 54738 Acidizing Deep Open-Hole Horizontal Wells: A case History on Selective Stimulation and Coil Tubing deployed Jetting System 7

TABLE 1-WELL SUMMARY DATA

WELL TBG SIZE/ MEAS. O.H. SIZE & C.T. RUN ACID
No MIN REST. DEPTH (mt) LENGTH (mt) SIZE (inches) No SPEC.
A 4.5” / 3.125” 5250 6” / 1100 1.75 2 (1 Dummy) 50 m3 SDA 28X
B 4.5” / 3.125” 5475 6” / 900 1.75 5 (4 Dummy) 60 m3 SDA 28X
C 4.5” / 3.125” 4933 6” /1150 1.75 1 60 m3 SDA 28X
D 4.5” / 3.125” 4552 6” / 950 1.75 2 (Dummy) 40m3 28% HCL
E 3.5” / 2.56” 3994 8.5” / 1100 1.75 2 60 m3 SDA 28X

Val d’Agri
Val d’Agri Caldarosa Lease
Caldarosa Lease
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Fig. 2- Monte Enoc 2 Well: Structural Map

Fig. 1- Monte Enoc 2 Well: Geological section

8 S. Mascarà, A. D’Ambrosio, A. Zambelli, V. Gili, S. Loving, M. Dossena SPE 54738

GEOLOGIC SKEMATIC OF VAL D'AGRI Val D'Agri Area - size 4"1/2 Completion string
w/slotted completion

CFALC1
TBG HGR 9"-mod. DP4H5(MONEL K)
4"1/2 EU top*4"1/2 Vam Ace -w/triple metal
CFALC2X B.P.V. mod. TSB-1
NIPPLES pin*pin 4"1/2 Vam Ace 12,6# Duplex 25%

N° 5 TBG 4"1/2 Vam Ace 12,6# Duplex 25%

VOLT1 CALD1 PERT1

TMAN1 CUP ROCK

Safety Valve size 3,812" fil. 4"1/2 Vam Ace

MENW1

ME1
SICILIDI S.L. TBG 4"1/2 PJD-C.B. 12,75#
CMOL3X

MALPIN1
CMOLW1
Landing Nipple R size
MALPIW1
CMOL1
MALPI1

MALPI3D LIGURIDI S.L. TBG 4"1/2 PJD-C.B. 12,75#

MALPI4X TVENTO1
MALPI5OR
CMOLW1
MALPIE1
Side Pocket Mdl 4"1/2

TBG 4"1/2 PJD-C.B. 12,75#

PIATT. APPENNINICA
Mod. K22 Anchor fil.4"1/2 PJD-

Pkr SC2PAH 9"5/8

Mill Out Extension

FLYSCH GORGOGLIO
TBG 4"1/2 PJD-C.B. 12,75#

Landing Nipple AR size 3,688" (NO-GO

LAGONEGRESI S.L.
CAST1

CSARAC1

SOUTH -WEST NORTH-EST

APPENNINIC
LIGURIDI
PLATFORM LIG. SICILIDI IRPINE Fig. 4- Typical horizontal selective completion
F. GORGOGLIONE

INNER APULA PLATFORM OUTER APULA PLATFORM

Fig. 3- Val D’agri field: Geological Section

Fig. 5- Schematic work string for selective stimulation

SPE 54738 Acidizing Deep Open-Hole Horizontal Wells: A case History on Selective Stimulation and Coil Tubing deployed Jetting System 9

cp 32" a 48 mt

csg 24"1/2 162#

@ mt 397

Setting sleeve
size 7"3/4 * 20 feet

csg 18"5/8 96,5# K.O.I.V. 7"5/8 w/flapp

@ mt 1197 I.D. 5,6" valve in lock open pos

top - cemento teorico

a mt 1300

BSP Packer 7" 29/32

csg 13"3/8 68#L80

Tie-back stem
@ mt 1971
for 7" liner

csg 9"7/8 ams 62,8# T95

@ mt 3341

Fig. 6.- Detailed work string for selective stimulation of Monte PORT COLLAR A MT 3424.12
Enoc 2 horizontal well TOP LINER 7" 23-32# L80 A MT 3105
2° E.CP. A MT W/BSP PKR W/15' SETTING- SLEEVE
ID 159,4 MM SIZE 7" 23-32 #

1° E.CP. A MT3444.48

TOP/CMT A MT 3626
O.H. 6" A MT 4880

liner 7" ams 29# L80

@ mt 3779
Fig. 7- Monte Enoc 2 Well: casing profile with the Knock Out
Isolation Valve (KIOV) installed
10 S. Mascarà, A. D’Ambrosio, A. Zambelli, V. Gili, S. Loving, M. Dossena SPE 54738

Injection line size 1/4" Control line size 1/4"

TBG HGR "METAL SEAL" SIZE 11" 10000 PSI - 3"1/2

BPV 3" TSB

NIPPLES 3"1/2

N° 4 TBG 3"1/2 AMS-28 10,2# 28%

TBG/RET. SAF. VALVE OTIS

50 M Inconel 718 Material

TBG 3"1/2 PJD 9,3# T95

LANDING NIPPLE SIZE

1500 M

TBG 3"1/2 PJD 9.3# T95

TIE/BACK 9"7/8
@ 1798,5 M
N° 2 TBG 3"1/2 AMS 28 10.2# 28%

S.POCKET MANDREL

7" LINER HGR FLEX LOCK-

W/ZXP Top-Pkr N° 1 TBG 3"1/2 AMS 28 10.2# 28%
@ m 3250

Fig. 8- Details on the KOIV valve used in the Monte Enoc 2 well
LANDING NIPPLE SIZE
CSG 9"7/8 @
3330 M
N° 1 TBG 3"1/2 AMS 28 10.2 # 28%
Fig 8 - Acid Job (3897 m, Circ.Valve; T.V.D. 3450 m)
8000
24
TOP/CMT @ 3400-3450 M LATCH SEAL NIPPLE FOR 4" BORE
7000 22
Bottom
Hole Pressure
20
Data
First
6000 Start Second 3570-72 M
SDA 18
Acid SDA
Plug
Squeeze Plug PACKER RSB 7"
16
5000
Positrieve
pressure (psi)

rate (bpm)

Packer 14
Set End of
4000 Acid Squeeze
12
Start
Pumping 10
3000 Acid Surface
Data Landing Nipple AFH size 2,56"
8

2000 6

4
1000 W/LINE ENTRY GUIDE 3"1/2 PJD 9,3#
2
CSG 7" 29#
@ M 3580-85
0 0
13.26 13.40 13.55 14.09 14.24 14.38 14.52 15.07 15.21 15.36
time (hours)

OPEN HOLE SIZE

Fig. 9- Pressure Log of acid job performed on Monte Enoc 2 well

Fig. 10- Typical completion schematic

SPE 54738 Acidizing Deep Open-Hole Horizontal Wells: A case History on Selective Stimulation and Coil Tubing deployed Jetting System 11

50 m3
round
tank 50 m3 50 m3 50 m3
54 m3 54 m3
round round round
Tank Tank
tank tank tank

Recirculating Manifold Suction Manifold

Pump Truck

N2 Pump CAT
Turbine Turbine
Frac
Pumper pumper
Pumper

H 2O P u m p
B

CT Unit WH

Fig.11-Surface Lay-out for stimulation job: A ) Equipment needed

for CT operation only; B) Equipment needed for bull-heading
operation

2.25” O.D. Coiled Tubing Connector

2.13” O.D. Dual Back Pressure

2.13” O.D. Model “FA” Hydraulic

Disconnect

• 2 MT.

2.13” O.D. Dual Circulating Sub

2.13” O.D. Pump Thru Weight Bar

Fig.12- Coiled Tubing Spinning Washing Tool Bottom Hole

Assembly
2.50” O.D. Fixed Blade

2.25” O.D. Spinning Wash Tool