Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Standard I: The student will understand the global influence of the pre-colonial and colonial eras of the Western
Hemisphere.
1. What European movement resulted in exposure to Middle Eastern and Asian goods after a failed attempt to take
away the Holy Lands from Muslims? Crusades
2. What European movement resulted in new art, technology, and a return to Classical learning? Renaissance
3. What European movement resulted in the rise of the protestant religion (it started as a conflict within the Catholic
Church)? Reformation
4. What terms are used to describe the exchange of goods between Europe and the Americas after Columbus's
discovery? Columbian Exchange
5. What were the Spanish explorers called who searched for "God, gold, and glory"? Conquistadors
6. What was the name of the first European settlement in America (it was Spanish)? St. Augustine
7. What was the first successful English settlement in the New World (1607)? Jamestown
8. What was the legislature of the Virginia colony called (the first representative government in the New World)?
House of Burgesses
9. What was the main reason for protest by American colonists against British rule? Taxation without representation
10. What war put the English into debt and forced them to tax their colonies in America? French and Indian War
11. What acts were enforced by the English that forced the colonies to only trade with Britain? (1760's) the Navigation
Acts
12. What occurred in 1770 that resulted in 5 colonists being shot and killed by British troops in Boston? Boston
Massacre
13. In 1773 Bostonians protested the Tea Act by staging what famous event? Boston Tea Party
14. The first skirmishes of the Revolutionary War occurred in what two towns? Lexington and Concord
Standard II: The student will understand the formation and development of the United States.
1. What famous English document (signed in 1215 by King John I) was the inspiration for representative government
and protection of individual rights? Magna Carta
2. Jefferson used this idea by John Locke in the Declaration of Independence, which allows for a people to overthrow
its rulers if their natural rights are no longer being protected. Social Contract Theory
3. Who was the English philosopher who greatly influenced Jefferson as he wrote the Declaration of Independence?
John Locke
4. What French philosopher came up with the idea of a three-branch government? Montesquieu
5. What religious movement occurred in the 1730s and 1740s in the colonies? Great Awakening
6. What was the first meeting called when 12 colonies sent delegates to Philadelphia to discuss problems with the
British (and take action)? First Continental Congress
7. What group called for Jefferson to write the Declaration of Independence and called for a Continental Army to deal
with the British? Second Continental Congress
8. What document was sent to the British informing them of colonial independence? Declaration of Independence
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9. What was the first government of the United States.? Articles of Confederation
10. What famous convention was held to replace the Articles of Confederation with a more centralized government?
Constitutional Convention
11. What was the solution to the problem of representation that created a House of Representatives and the Senate at
the Constitutional Convention called? Great Compromise
12. What was the solution to the problem of how to count slaves for representation purposes? Three-fifths Compromise
13. The Constitution allows for power to be shared between the national government and the states. What kind of
system is this? Federalism or Federal System
14. The opening paragraph of the Constitution ("We the people...") is called what? Preamble
15. The Constitution calls for a three-branch government creating a separation of what? Powers
16. What is the clause called which gives Congress broad powers to create laws? Elastic Clause
17. A word for word interpretation of the Constitution is called... Strict Construction
20. Which amendment guarantees protection of the laws for all citizens? 14th
21. Which amendment gave the vote to African American males? 15th
23. What were the series of essays written by Jay, Hamilton, and Madison encouraging the passage of the Constitution?
The Federalist Papers
24. What addition was made to the Constitution giving further protection for individual rights? Bill of Rights
25. Which amendment guarantees freedom of press, religion, speech, and assembly? 1st
26. What two political parties emerged after the debate over ratification of the Constitution? Federalists and
Democratic-Republicans
27. Who developed the economic plan for the U.S. during the 1790's? Alexander Hamilton
28. Who warned Americans about competing political parties in his farewell address? George Washington
29. Who served as chief justice of the Supreme Court for 34 years and helped shape a powerful national government?
John Marshall
30. What famous Supreme Court ruling established judicial review? Marbury v. Madison
Standard III: The student will understand the eras of revolution, expansion, and reform prior to the U.S. Civil
War.
1. What act of colonial protestation resulted in the Coercive (Intolerable) Acts being passed by the British parliament?
Boston Tea Party
2. What American colonist gave the famous speech stating, "give me liberty or give me death?" Patrick Henry
3. Who served as the commander of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War? George Washington
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5. Who made the famous ride warning colonists that the "Redcoats were coming"? Paul Revere
6. What battle was the turning point in the Revolutionary War (resulting in France becoming our ally)? Saratoga
7. Where were Washington's troops encamped during the harsh winter of 1777-1778? Valley Forge
8. What was the last major battle of the Revolutionary War (Cornwallis surrendered to Washington)? Yorktown
9. What was the treaty called which gave the U.S. its independence from Great Britain? Treaty of Paris 1783
10. The U.S. fought the British again in what war? War of 1812
11. What law was passed by Jefferson that disallowed trade with other nations (including Britain) and led to the War of
1812? Embargo Act
12. What term was used to describe the British navy forcing Americans into service? impressment
13. What ordinance was passed in 1785 that divided territory in the old northwest into townships? Land Ordinance of
1785
14. What ordinance passed in 1787 disallowed slavery in the old northwest? Northwest Ordinance
15. What action allowed Jefferson to double the size of the U.S. in 1803? Louisiana Purchase
16. Who did Jefferson hire to explore the west? Lewis & Clark
17. The post-War of 1812 years were called what (because of prosperity, one political party, etc.)? Era of Good
Feelings
19. What was Henry Clay’s plan to create road and canal building projects around the U.S.? the American System
20. What congressional agreement allowed Missouri to become a slave state and Maine to become a free state? This
same agreement forbade slavery north of the 36°30’ of latitude (parallel)? Missouri Compromise
21. What action stated that the U.S. would not allow further European colonization of the Americas? Monroe Doctrine
22. What law by Andrew Jackson forced the five civilized tribes of the southeast to evacuate? Indian Removal Act
23. What event resulted in the Cherokees marching at gunpoint from GA to OK (1838)? Trail of Tears
24. List four major trails used by settlers in the western part of the U.S.. Santa Fe, Oregon, Mormon, California
25. What attracted many settlers to California beginning in 1849? The Gold Rush
26. Describe the southern economy before the Civil War. Agriculture: mainly cotton
27. Describe the northern economy before the Civil War. Balanced: industrial and agricultural
28. What country did Texas gain its independence from in 1836? Mexico
29. What was the U.S. belief that God intended Americans to gain control of all land between the Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans? Manifest Destiny
30. Why did the U.S. fight Mexico (the Mexican-American War) in 1846-1848? Land acquisition (California and
New Mexico territories)
31. What famous meeting in 1848 called for women to demand greater equality and opportunity in the U.S.? Seneca
Falls Convention
32. Who hosted this convention? Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
33. What white abolitionist from Massachusetts produced The Liberator? William Lloyd Garrison
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34. What black abolitionist from Maryland produced The North Star? Frederick Douglass
35. What was the purpose of the Underground Railroad? To aid the escaped slaves
36. What black woman used the Underground Railroad to help liberate hundreds of slaves? Harriet Tubman
37. During the reform period of the 1830s and 1840s temperance (or abstinence or freedom from) was a popular
movement. What was the temperance movement against? alcohol consumption
38. What woman led reform in prisons and in mental institutions in the U.S.? Dorothea Dix
40. What religious movement in the early 1800s influenced people to help others (leading to all of these reform
movements)? Second Great Awakening
41. What were the communities called which tried to make a "perfect society"? Utopian communities
42. What War of 1812 battle resulted in the protection of Baltimore and Francis Scott Key's inspiring "Star Spangled
Banner"? Ft. McHenry
43. In what War of 1812 battle did Jackson defeat the Creek Indians in AL? Horseshoe Bend
45. In what War of 1812 battle did Jackson defeat the British after a truce was called? New Orleans
46. One of the results of the War of 1812 was a growth in the love people felt towards their county. What is this known
as? nationalism
47. Which Supreme Court case (while John Marshall was the Chief Justice) insured that the national government
controlled interstate commerce? Gibbons v. Ogden
48. Which Supreme Court case (under Marshall) ruled that the national bank was in fact constitutional (or legal)?
McCulloch v. Maryland
49. Who’s “common man ideal” sought to extend rights to more people: Andrew Jackson
50. What president gets credit for establishing the spoils system (which allowed a governmental official to appoint
friends and supporters to office)? Andrew Jackson
51. South Carolina's attempt to void the Tariff of 1832 was called the... Nullification Crisis
52. Whitman, Emerson, and Thoreau were writers of what movement that stressed humans should look to themselves
for the answers as to how best to live? Transcendentalism
Standard IV: The student will understand concepts related to the United States Civil War Era.
1. What congressional solution made California a free state and gave popular sovereignty to the New Mexico and Utah
territories? Compromise of 1850
2. What part of the solution in the Compromise of 1850 upset many northerners (there were five parts of this solution)?
Fugitive Slave Law
3. What act supported by Stephen Douglas gave popular sovereignty to two territories just west of Missouri? Kansas-
Nebraska Act
4. What political party was formed in the 1850's that believed that slavery should not be allowed to spread to new
territories (also, it is known as the party of Lincoln)? Republican
5. What famous court case upheld the right of slave owners as property holders and said no black person, free or slave,
had any rights? Scott v. Sanford (Dred Scott decision)
6. Who led raid on the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry in an attempt to start a slave revolt? John Brown
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7. Who won the presidential election in 1860 (his election led Southern states to secede, or leave the Union)? Abraham
Lincoln
8. What did Southerners call their knew nation? The Confederate States of America; Confederacy; CSA
9. Where was the first capital of the CSA? Montgomery Where did they move the capital to? Richmond, Virginia
9. What state was the first to secede from the Union in 1860? South Carolina
10. What county in Alabama never seceded from the Union? Winston County
11. What state was actually split over the decision to secede and eventually became two states? Virginia (West
Virginia)
12. What act passed by the Republican dominated congress (during the Civil War) gave large land grants to states from
the federal government and allowed settlers on that land to get 150 acres for free? Homestead Act
13. What act passed by the Republican dominated congress (during the Civil War) gave large land grants to states from
the federal government to create colleges? Morill Land Grant Act
14. What did Lincoln pass on Jan. 1, 1863 granting freedom to slaves in the Confederate states in rebellion?
Emancipation Proclamation
15. What did Lincoln suspend during the Civil War, depriving many citizens of their civil rights? Writ of Habeas
Corpus
16. What was the first major battle of the Civil War? First Bull Run (Manassass)
17. What battle resulted in the single bloodiest day of the Civil War? Antietam
18. What major three-day battle did the Confederates (under Lee) lose in Pennsylvania (it is considered on of the
turning points of the Civil War)? Gettysburg
19. What battle in Mississippi resulted in a complete blockade of the south by the Union (it is considered on of the
turning points of the Civil War? Vicksburg
20. What Union general captured Atlanta and continued southeast to Savannah destroying everything in his path?
General Tecumseh Sherman What was the march known as? Sherman’s March to the Sea
21. What famous speech was given by Lincoln at a consecration ceremony where he reminded Americans of the basic
ideal, "All men are created equal?" Gettysburg Address
22. Where did Robert E. Lee surrender to Grant in 1865? Appomattox Courthouse
23. What was the program called that returned southern states to the Union, rebuilt the South's infrastructure, and
attempted to protect the rights of free blacks? Reconstruction
24. What were the laws called passed by southern states attempting to control freedmen and keeping them in a
subservient position? Black Codes
25. What were northerners called who moved to the South, voted Republican, and were scorned by southerners after the
Civil War? Carpetbaggers
26. What were southerners called who voted Republican after the Civil War? Scalawags
27. What southern secret society emerged during the Reconstruction that harassed, tormented, and killed blacks
demanding equality? Ku Klux Klan
28. What man served as president during Reconstruction and whose legacy (as president) is remembered as being very
corrupt? President Grant
29. What congressional solution resulted in Hayes winning the presidential election in 1876 and Reconstruction
ending? Compromise of 1877
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30. What were the laws called passed in southern states after Reconstruction that stripped African Americans of basic
rights like voting? Jim Crow Laws
31. What type of farming existed in the south after the war where farmers rented land to grow crops? Tenant farming
32. What type of farming existed in the south after the war where farmers were forced to share crops with landowners
as a form of rent payment? Sharecropping
Standard V: The student will understand the concepts and developments of the late 19th to the early 20th
centuries.
1. What animal was hunted and heavily relied upon by Plains Indians (it was nearly hunted to extinction by whites)?
buffalo
2. What 19th century technological innovation led to the rapid settlement of the western territories? railroads
4. Custer and his cavalry were destroyed by the _____ at the Battle of _______________. Sioux, Little Big Horn
5. Who was the leader of the Sioux nation at the above battle? Sitting Bull
6. What event resulted in over 200 unarmed Sioux being massacred by U.S. troops in 1890? Massacre at Wounded
Knee
7. List three complaints of farmers in the late 1800s. decline in crop prices, tariffs, deflation
8. How did the farmers organize themselves to fight big business? Farmer's Alliance
9. What was the name given to the farmers who organized themselves politically during this period? The Grange
10. Who invented the light bulb and electric generators? Thomas Edison
12. What types of industry was Alabama involved in during the late 1800s? steel, iron, coal, lumber
13. What were the captains of industry referred to during the late 1800s? Robber Barons
14. List three important captains of industry during this time period. Carnegie, Rockefeller, Vanderbilt
15. What theory that said some people were more adapted to business success was used to promote competition in the
marketplace? Social Darwinism
16. What idea was promoted by Andrew Carnegie that stated the wealthy should give back riches to the community?
Gospel of Wealth
17. What novelist wrote many fictional stories promoting the "rags to riches" theme? Horatio Alger
18. What types of labor problems did early unions try to correct? unsafe working conditions, low wages, shorter
working hours
19. What was the movement in the early 20th century called which promoted change in government, business, and
social welfare? Progressivism
20. What did Theodore Roosevelt call journalists who were intent on exposing corruption at the turn of the century?
Muckrakers
21. What novel was highly acclaimed for exposing problems in the meatpacking industry? The Jungle
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23. Who was the African-American who encouraged blacks to seek social justice and equality and was an early leader
of the NAACP? W.E.B. DuBois
24. What was the movement called that DuBois lead? Niagara Movement
25. Who was the African American who encouraged blacks to learn a trade and also founded the Tuskegee Institute in
1881? Booker T. Washington
26. What African American man was famous for his work as an agricultural scientist? George Washington Carver
27. What famous Supreme Court decision upheld segregation in 1896? Plessy v. Ferguson
29. What amendment made the election of senators by popular vote? 17th
31. What president introduced important conservation methods to preserve millions of acres of western lands?
Theodore Roosevelt
32. What act was passed during Wilson's tenure that was intended to break up monopolies? Clayton Anti-Trust Act
33. How did Wilson change the banking system in the United States in 1913? Established the Federal Reserve System
34. What commission was set up by Wilson to monitor the practices of businesses? Federal Trade Commission
35. What four parties entered a candidate for president in 1912? Republicans, Progressive, Democrats, Socialists
36. The candidates in 1912 were …. Republican = Taft; Democrat = Wilson; Progressive; Progressive = Roosevelt;
Socialist = Eugene V. Debs.
38. Which inventions in the late 1800s encouraged the settlement of the west? Steel plow, windmill, mechanical reaper,
and barbed wire/
Standard VI: The student will understand the causes and effects of World War I.
1. The United States joined European nations in a race to conquest smaller, "uncivilized" nations and to gain access to
their resources and markets. This was known as _________. Imperialism
2. What territory was annexed by the U.S. in the Pacific Ocean in 1898? Hawaii
3. What war did the U.S. become involved in 1898 ? Spanish-American War
4. What name was given to the sensationalistic journalism that served as a major cause of the Spanish-American War?
yellow journalism
5. What group of volunteers did T. Roosevelt lead in the famous charge at the Battle of San Juan Hill? Rough Riders
6. What territory did the U.S. gain control over as a result of the defeat of the Spanish? Philippines, Guam, & Puerto
Rico What territory did the U.S. help liberate from Spain? Cuba
7. President Roosevelt led the movement to build what canal in Central America? Panama Canal The Alabama
Doctor who helped wipe out yellow fever in Panama was … William Gorgas
8. What addendum to the Monroe Doctrine was made by Roosevelt justifying American intervention in the South
American nations in trouble? Roosevelt Corollary
9. The United States wanted an _________________ with China which would have allowed open trade. The Open Door
Policy
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10. What were the long term causes of the First World War? Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
(M.A.I.N.)
11. What was the immediate cause of WWI? The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria
12. Why did the U.S. enter the war? Sinking of the Lusitania and the Zimmerman Note
13. What types of technological innovations were used in WWI? Tank, submarine, poison gas, airplanes
15. What was the purpose of imperialism? To expand your country’s power
16. What type of fighting took place in World War I? trench warfare
17. Who were the Central Powers? Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire
18. Who were the Allied Powers? France, Britain, U.S., Russia, Italy
19. What acts contributed to the Nativist hatred of immigrants especially during and after WWI and denied people the
right of freedom of speech? Espionage and Sedition Acts
20. Name several groups of people who benefited from the diminished workforce during WWI. Women, African-
Americans, Mexican Americans
21. Which country refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles because the League of Nations was included in it? United
States
22. Name the organization in which the nations of the world would join together to ensure security and peace for all
members. League of Nations
23. An intense fear of communism and other extreme ideas that gripped the U.S. during the 1920s. Red Scare
13. Trial in which two immigrants were given an unfair trial due to their ethnic background and were eventually put to
death. Sacco and Vanzetti
14. Name of the summer in 1919 in which race riots erupted in about 25 cities nationwide. Red Summer
15. By 1922, this organization's membership had grown to about 100,000 and by 1924 to 4 million. Ku Klux Klan
16. Migration of blacks from the South to the North for jobs. Great Migration
18. This type of immigration was banned altogether in the 1920s. Asian immigration
19. List several technological innovations in the 1920s. Cars, planes, home appliances
21. African American author of "Their Eyes were Watching God", Zora Neale Hurston
22. List three leading poets/writers of the Harlem Renaissance. Claude McKay, Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes
23. This type of music grew out of African American music in the south, especially ragtime and blues. Jazz
24. What type of age is the 1920s referred to as? Jazz Age
26. Case over the teaching the theory of evolution in the classroom. Scopes Trial
27. During the 1920s women began to demand more rights. Which woman argued women needed birth control rights?
Margaret Sanger
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28. Considered one of the founders of the blues movement (from Alabama) …. W.C. Handy
Standard VII: The student will understand the Great Depression and World War II.
1. During the Great Depression, this made farmers unable to repay their debts for land and machinery. Falling farm
prices
2. Allowed investors to purchase a stock for only a fraction of its price (10-15%) and borrow the rest. Buying on
margin
3. The severe economic decline that lasted from 1929 until the U.S.'s entry into WWII in 1941. Great Depression
5. A region in the Great Plains where drought and dust storms took place for much of the 1930s. Dust Bowl
6. Several of the problems faced by people during the Great Depression were … unemployment, homelessness, hunger,
malnutrition, depression
6. During his first 100 days Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) pushed this program in an attempt to end the Great
Depression. The New Deal
7. This New Deal program insured bank deposits up to $5,000. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
8. This public works project was created in 1933 to help farmers and create jobs and hydroelectric power in Tennessee
and North Alabama. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
9. This program put over 2.5 million unmarried men to work. In state and national parks. Civilian Conservation Corps
(CCC)
10. This program gave jobs building or improving roads, parks, airports, and other facilities to the unemployed. Civil
Works Administration
11. This program provided old-age pensions, disability payments and unemployment benefits. Social Security
12. FDR created this in response to critics who said he was not doing enough for ordinary Americans. The Second New
Deal
13. FDR attempted to reassure Americans by giving speeches on the Radio known as … fireside chats
14. During the Great Depression, these were used to attempt to make people feel better about their conditions … radio
programs and movies
18. Conference in which Britain and France agreed (appease) to let Hitler (the leader of Germany) have the
Sudetenland. Munich Conference
19. On Sept. 1, 1939, Hitler invaded this country. This event is usually considered the beginning of WWII. Poland
20. A German tactic in which tanks, soldiers, and moving trucks rapidly attack and are there before the enemy has time
to react. Blitzkrieg
21. This country began to expand in the Pacific, controlling most of China by 1940. Japan
22. On Dec. 7, 1941 the Japanese attacked.... Pearl Harbor. This attack brought the U.S. into WWII.
23. Women participated in the war effort by participating in … the workforce, as nurses, and in the military
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24. The first place the United States took an openly active role in combat during WWII was in … North Africa
25. This battle in the Soviet Union was the turning point of the war in Europe. Stalingrad
31. After this battle, Japan was unable to launch any more offensive operations in the Pacific. It is considered the
turning point in the war against Japan. Midway
33. Top secret project to create the atomic bomb. Manhattan Project
36. Places where prisoners of war and political prisoners are confined, usually under harsh conditions. Concentration
camps
37. What was the mass killing of millions of Jews and other groups by Germany’s Nazis known as? The Holocaust
38. What happened to thousands of Japanese-Americans during WWII in the United States? They lost all their property
and were forced to live in internment camps
39. During WWII, Americans were asked to conserve food and fuel in a policy known as … rationing.
40. The United States government collected millions of dollars to fight WWII by selling ….. war bonds.
41. Where did the U.S. drop the atomic bomb? Hiroshima and Nagasaki
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