11/4/2017

KANDUNGAN
1.0 Gambaran Keseluruhan Penjadualan Kerja
2.0 Dokumen kontrak
2.1 Pengenalan
2.2 Dokumen berkaitan Penjadualan Kerja
3.0 Alat Pengurusan Projek
3.1 Pengenalan
3.2 Pengenalan Jenis Perisian Pengurusan Projek
3.3 Pengenalan Jenis Peralatan Pengurusan Projek
4.0 Carta Organisasi Projek
LP- 4.1 Pengenalan
4.2 Keperluan Sumber
12

PENJADUALAN KERJA

1.0 GAMBARAN KESELURUHAN PENJADUALAN KERJA 2.0 DOKUMEN KONTRAK - Dokumen Berkaitan Penjadualan Kerja

Penting - asas kepada kontraktor di dalam mengawalselia sesuatu projek. 2.2.1 Skop kerja - dihuraikan di dalam dokumen kontrak sama ada dalam Ringkasan
Tender, Kerja Awalan, Senarai Kuantiti Lukisan Pembinaan dan lain-lain.
Ia meliputi aspek koordinasi, penyelarasan, pemantauan serta pengawalan terhadap
kejayaan membina dan menyiapkan projek. 2.2.2 Lukisan - terjemahan ke atas segala keperluan dalam bentuk lakaran.

Dokumen kontrak menjadi asas rujukan dalam penyediaan penjadualan kerja. Fungsi - mengenalpasti skop kerja dan memberi gambaran dari segi saiz, rekabentuk,
ketinggian, lokasi, cara akses, spesifikasi bahan dan keratan rentas struktur pembinaan itu
Dihasilkan dalam pelbagai bentuk seperti carta bar atau gambarajah logik dengan nanti.
menggunakan perisian tertentu seperti Primavera, Microsoft project atau Excel.

Kaedah persembahan biasanya dalam bentuk Kaedah Laluan Kritikal (Critical Path Method),
Carta Gantt, Programme Evaluation Review Technique (PERT).
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2.0 DOKUMEN KONTRAK - Dokumen Berkaitan Penjadualan Kerja 2.2.4 Laporan Penyiasatan Tapak – Penting bagi kerja-kerja bangunan.

2.2.3 Senarai Kuantiti - Menghuraikan tentang kualiti dan kuantiti kerja. 2.2.5 Spesifikasi – Rujuk makluman sebelem ini.

Format setiap helaian senarai kuantiti akan mengandungi huraian kerja, unit kerja, 2.2.6 Kerja Awalan - salah satu dari aktiviti utama di dalam jadual kerja dan juga agak
kuantiti, kadar harga dan amaun setiap elemen atau komponen kerja. kritikal kerana akan melibatkan kewajipan berterusan sepanjang tempoh projek.

Gabungan item-item tersebut akan menjadi satu elemen yang akan digunapakai di dalam
menghasilkan sesuatu aktiviti dalam penjadualan kerja.

Gabungan kuantiti pula akan menjadi panduan dalam pengagihan masa bagi setiap
aktiviti.

Gabungan kos bagi setiap item pula akan hasilkan:

jumlah kos bagi setiap aktiviti tadi dan
keseluruhan bahan dan peralatan, jentera dan mesin serta buruh

3.0 ALAT PENGURUSAN PROJEK

4.0 CARTA ORGANISASI PROJEK
Terdiri dari perisian atau peralatan pengurusan projek dengan tujuan memudahkan
perancangan dan pengawalan sesuatu projek nanti. Struktur yang menunjukkan fungsi, aktiviti dan hirarki, kuasa dan
tanggungjawab pihak tertentu di dalam menguruskan sesebuah projek.
Juga akan dapat membantu kontraktor menyimpan segala maklumat dengan lebih
sistematik dan dapat menjimatkan masa dan kos
Menjelaskan fungsi dan had bidang kuasa setiap bahagian seperti aktiviti-
3.2 Pengenalan Jenis Perisian Pengurusan Projek aktiviti yang akan dijalankan oleh bahagian dan
3.2.1 Primavera
3.2.2 Microsoft Project Rangkaian kuasa yang terdapat di syarikat berkenaan samada dalam bentuk
3.2.3 Excel
menegak ataupun melintang.
3.3 Pengenalan Jenis Peralatan Pengurusan Projek

3.3.1 Kaedah Laluan Kritikal (CPM)

3.3.2 Carta Gantt
3.3.3 PERT
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Contoh Organisasi Tapak 4.2 Keperluan Sumber

Sumber merupakan suatu keperluan asas di dalam organisasi untuk melaksanakan fungsi
sesebuah organisasi seperti personel, peralatan dan bahan

Job Duties
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers typically do the
following:

• Use blueprints or design specifications to install or repair HVACR systems

• Connect systems to fuel and water supply lines, air ducts, and other
components
• Install electrical wiring and controls and test for proper operationInspect and
maintain customers’ HVACR systems
• Test individual components to determine necessary repairs
• Repair or replace worn or defective parts
• Determine HVACR systems’ energy use and make recommendations to
improve efficiency
• Travel to worksites
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Memasang “Central Air-con” memerlukan .....

Faham Rancang “Execute”

Memasang “Central Air Conditioning”

Langkah 1:
Langkah 1: Fahami bagaimana sistem AC itu berfungsi. Kenal semua Komponen
Fahami bagaimana sistem AC itu berfungsi.
Langkah 2: Rancang Sebelum Pasang. Ikut langkah-langkah seperti yang disyorkan oleh Kenal semua Komponen.
pembuat AC bagi mengelakkan tambahan kos adan kerja.
Sekiranya ikut proses tender, perkara2 diatas boleh dicari pada seksyen
Langkah 3: “Execute” - Pasang segala komponen. Rujuk kepada perundangan Pihak spesifikasi, “Bill of Quantities” dan lukisan rekaan (tender, construction, shop)
Berkuasa Tempatan yang ada kaitan (Bunyi bising, dsb)
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Komponen AC
Sistem AC terdiri dengan 3 bahagian:
Unit luar (Conmpressor dan Condenser)
Unit dalam (Air Handler, evaporator, paip dan
“duct”)

Kedua2 unit luar dan dalaman perlu disambung

bekalan letrik.

Langkah 2: Rancang
Langkah 2: Rancang (Sambungan)
Merancang sangatlah perlu dikaji sebelum mejalankan kerja2
pemasangan (Execution). Apakah maksudnya ? 4. Perancangan perlu ambil kira aktiviti2 tambahan sekiranya
kontrak memerlukan pemindahan/pembuangan unit2 lama.
1. Pastikan bekalan letrik cukup untuk unit AC yang akan Pastikan syarikat2 tersebut mempunyai lesen dan kemahiran
dipasang. berkaitan. Rujuk kepada undang2 alam sekitar jika terlibat
2. Dimana saluran udara (duct) atau paip saluran air dengan pembuangan “refrigerant”.
sejuk/”refrigerant” belum ada, maka semua ini perlu di pasang
dahulu. Kerja2 bahagian ini memakan masa lebih panjang 5.Guna kaedah CPM serta dengan penyelarasan dengan
berbanding dengan unit diluar dan perlu ada koordinasi dengan CPM Kontraktor Utama.
kontraktor lain.
3. Kemungkinan juga perlu cari “sub-contractor” untuk kerja2 letrik
, “duct” dan paip.
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Langkah 3: Pemasangan (Unit berasingan bagi rumah atau pejabat kecil) Langkah 3: Pemasangan (Unit berasingan bagi rumah atau pejabat kecil)

1. Mula kerja pemasangan seperti yang dirancang. 7. Tebuk /gerudi dinding untuk tiub refrigerant dan dawai elektrik (dan paip
2. Ikut semua arahan/panduan pembuat. condensate). Tampal lobang dengan “Filler”.
3. Rujuk Kod Bangunan dan Perancangan Tempatan berkaitan dengan syarat- 8. Sambung bekalan Letrik kepada Pemampat dan AHU.
syarat pemasangan, termasuk meletakkan komponen-komponen. 9. Pasang thermostat jika perlu. Sambungkan kepada AHU dan bekalan letrik.
4. Dimana saluran udara (duct) atau paip saluran air sejuk/”refrigerant” belum ada, 10. Pusing bekalan letrik kepada “ON”
maka semua ini perlu di pasang dahulu. Kerja2 bahagian ini memakan masa 11. Buat semakan/pemeriksaan mempastikan unit berfungsi.
lebih panjang berbanding dengan unit diluar dan perlu ada koordinasi dengan
kontraktor lain.
5. Pasang “Air-Handler Unit” (AHU). Komponen ini biasanya diletak pada
“Basement” atau “Attic”. Ikut arahan pembekal unit tersebut. Pastikan bekalan
letrik TIDAK bersambung.
6. Kemudian pasang pemampat (Compressor). Komponen ini perlu diletakkan
atas pelapik yang satbil dan mendatar. Pastikan ruang sekeliling pemampat itu
kosong, tidak rapat dengan dinding, pokok atau lain-lain benda.

1.4 Check the electrical connections.

•Lift the unit’s front panel and remove the cover.
•Be sure the cable wires are connected to the screw INSTALLATION MANUALS
terminals. Also, make sure that they match the Split Systems
diagram that comes with the unit SkyAir Systems
VRV Systems
Daikin Altherma Systems

http://www.daikinac.com/content/resources/manuals
/installation-manuals/split-systems/
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Noise level specifications of R410A Wall Mounted Inverter Single Split Practical steps to minimise air conditioner noise
Systems from Mitsubishi Electric is as shown on the tables below. Take
note that the higher the cooling capacity, the higher the noise level.

Cooling Capacity
Model Noise Level(dBA)
(BTU)
Indoor MSY-GE10VA 8,530 21-36
Outdoor MUY-
3,752-11,942 46
GE10VA
Indoor MSY-GE24VA 22,519 37-45
Outdoor MUY-
8,189-29,684 55
GE24VA
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Determining a Suitable Sound Power Level

Follow Steps 1- 4 carefully and it will guide you to decide which air conditioner is suitable
by considering the distance between the intended site and property boundary, as well as
noise barriers such as fences

Step 1 Distance Factor

The closer the air conditioner is to the neighbour the quieter it will need to be. Follow the
steps below and put your answer in Box 1.
a) Measure the shortest distance, in metres, between where you want to put the air
conditioner and the nearest boundary on the neighbouring property.
b) Bear in mind that to reduce noise, air conditioners are best placed in a location that
provides the greatest distance between the air conditioner and neighbours. This could,
for example, mean mounting the air conditioner facing the back fence or front street
(check Town Planning constraints first).
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c) For the majority of residential properties (Australia) the assigned level will be the base
value of 5dB(A) sound pressure level above background level during the day. Note that air
conditions which can be heard
from a neighbour’s property must be turned off between 10pm and 7am on weekdays and
between 10pm and 8am on weekends and public holidays. Assigned noise levels are
always calculated at the boundary between the properties. Before relying on an assigned
level for this calculation you will need to consider
tonality.
d) Tonality can be simply described as a characteristic whine or drone. Experience has
shown that many air conditioners are tonal when assessed under Regulations. If the tone
cannot be reasonably and practicably removed from the noise, the installer will need to
compensate for this in the calculation. This can be achieved by subtracting 5dB from the
assigned level, prior to doing any calculations.

e) If the highest allowable level is 40dB(A) sound pressure level, and you believe a
unit is tonal and you cannot reasonably or practicably remove the tones, you will
need to consider lowering the assigned allowable level to 35dB(A) sound pressure You plan to locate the air
level. f) Once you have considered whether an adjustment for tonality conditioner 5
is required, mark the amount of noise allowed in the area with an X in Column 2 - metres from the neighbour’s
Acoustic Nomogram. fence so you put a mark at 5 in
g) Draw a straight line from the X in Column 1 through the X in Column 2 to cut Column 1
through Column 3 - Acoustic Nomogram.
h) Read the number from Column 3 - Acoustic Nomogram, where the line you have
just drawn crosses, and write this in Box 1.
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Step 2 Barrier Factor

If there is a fence or wall between the neighbouring properties the noise may be reduced. Carefully read through
the fence/barrier descriptions below starting at a). Select a value that corresponds to the fence/ barrier Note:
description applicable to your situation. Put this value in Box 2. · If in doubt about your fence type, select a low value.
· For roof mounted refrigerated units, place “0” in Box 2 – Barrier Factor.

Step 3 Reflection Factor

Noise can reflect off walls and make the air conditioner appear louder. From the examples below, determine the
best fit for your situation and put your answer in Box 3. Just as light reflects from mirrored surfaces, sound will
reflect from walls, carports, roofs and the like. Find a diagram below which best corresponds to the placement of
the air conditioner. Put the corresponding value in Box 3

Determining a Suitable Sound Power Level
Step 1
You plan to locate the air conditioner 5
metres from the neighbour’s fence so you put
a mark at 5 in Column 1. The assigned level
at the neighbours boundary should not
exceed 5dB(A) above background noise level.
For this example assume the background
level is 35 dB(A) and you are satisfied that
the unit is not tonal. You put a mark at 40 in
Column 2 of the Acoustic Nomogram. Joining
these two points with a straight line through
column 3 of the Acoustic Nomogram gives a
value of 62.
11/4/2017
EXAMPLE - Determining a Suitable Sound Power Level
Step 1
You plan to locate the air conditioner 5 metres from the neighbour’s fence so you put a
mark at 5 in Column 1. The assigned level at the neighbours boundary should not
exceed 5dB(A) above background noise level. For this example assume the background
level is 35 dB(A) and you are satisfied that the unit is not tonal. You put a mark at 40 in
Column 2 of the Acoustic Nomogram. Joining these two points with a straight line
through column 3 of the Acoustic Nomogram gives a value of 62.
Step 2
The fence between the air conditioner and neighbours would block the “line of sight”
and is made of wooden overlapped planks. Put 6 in Box 2.
Step 3
The air conditioner will be located on the ground against the house wall and more than
3 metres from any other wall surface. Put 3 in Box 3.
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Step 2
The fence between the air conditioner and neighbours would block the “line of sight” and is made of wooden
overlapped planks. Put 6 in Box 2.

Step 3
The air conditioner will be located on the ground against the house wall and more than 3 metres from any
other wall surface. Put 3 in Box 3.

The Sound Power Level for an air conditioner to be installed at this particular location
should not exceed 65 dB(A).
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Systems requiring an air conditioning inspection

Only air conditioning systems with an effective rated output of more than 12kW are
UK Law (TM44) affected by these regulations. This will include systems consisting of individual units
which are less than 12kW but whose combined effective rated output is more than 12kW
There are two categories of Energy Assessors for Air Conditioning
Inspections:
• Air Conditioning Inspections for simple systems between 12 and What size is 12 kW?
250kW (equivalent to NOS level 3),
• Air Conditioning Inspections for complex systems exceeding
250kW (equivalent to NOS level 4). These Energy Assessors will
also be accredited to undertake simple systems.
The Regulations currently require all air conditioning systems over
250kW to have had their first inspection and regular inspections to
take place at least every 5 years thereafter. Smaller systems over
12 kW must have their first inspection by 4 January 2011 with
regular inspections to follow.

1 hp(I) = 745.699872 W
The MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC MXZ-6C120VA
12 kw = 16.1 hp = 40,945 BTU/hr =
multi split system air conditioner lets you
connect up to 6 indoor units to a single
outdoor unit

Cooling
Capacity (Rated Conditions) kW12
Capacity (Min - Max)kW 3.5 - 13.5

MXZ-6C120VA
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For larger systems, a central cooling system serving an office building of 2,000m2 is
likely to be 250kW rated output. Cooling systems serving meeting rooms which may be 2.0 Dokumen Kontrak
used by large numbers of people, such as council chambers, may exceed the 250kW
threshold for lower floor areas.
Sudah lalui pada LP 5

3.0 Alat pengurusan Projek 4.0 Carta Organisasi Projek

Sudah lalui pada LP 5 Sudah lalui pada LP 5
 11/4/2017

Job Duties
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers typically do the
following:

• Use blueprints or design specifications to install or repair HVACR systems

• Connect systems to fuel and water supply lines, air ducts, and other
components
• Install electrical wiring and controls and test for proper operationInspect and
maintain customers’ HVACR systems
• Test individual components to determine necessary repairs
• Repair or replace worn or defective parts
• Determine HVACR systems’ energy use and make recommendations to
improve efficiency
• Travel to worksites