Está en la página 1de 64

1759

II N‚¬ìi— II

‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O
ÄçÌìtzÄ— ÌÄ|ª½ (ozÂìTì)

`«fi"Õ∞= =∂`å K« Ñ≤`å `«fi"Õ∞=


`«fi"Õ∞= |O^èŒ∞â◊Û ã¨MÏ `«fi"Õ∞=
`«fi"Õ∞= q^•º „^Œq}O `«fi"Õ∞=
`«fi"Õ∞= ã¨~°fiO =∞=∞ ^Õ=^Õ=

ª•Þg° ~Œ=°‹¬°Y^¥‹¹
Books are also available at--
1. Gita Press, Gorakhpur Ki Pustak-Dukan,
Dukan No. 41, 4-4-1, Dilshada Plaza,
Sultan Bazar, Hyderabad-500096; ✆ (040) 24758311
2. Gita Press Book-Stall, Railway station, Platform No.1,
Secunderabad-500003

--------- Edition -------- ---------- Copies

❖ Price : Rs. --------


(------------- Rupees only)

Printed & Published by :


Gita Press, Gorakhpur—273005 (INDIA)
(a unit of Gobind Bhavan-Karyalaya, Kolkata)

Phone - (0551) 2334721; Fax - (0551) 2336997


e-mail : booksales@gitapress.org website : www.gitapress.org
II N‚¬ìi— II
‹¬~¡Þ=ü "Œ‹¬°^Í=ô_Í
''‹¬~¡Þ=ü "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°"Í°ÑÑ
ƒ•’Q®=n¾`džǰO^ΰ NH›$+¬â ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_È° Qù„¬æ q•H›Æ}"³°Ø# =¶@
(q+¬†Ç°=ò) x@°Á K³Ì„æ#°.
|‚¬ú<Œ"£° [#à<Œ=°<Íë *ìý#"Œ<£ =¶O ㄬ„¬^μ`Í I
"Œ‹¬°^Í=— ‹¬~¡Þq°u ‹¬ =°‚¬ð`Œà ‹¬°^ΰ~¡Áƒ•’— II (w`Ç— 7Ð19)
*ìý#=ò Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò =•# •ƒ•’¼=°Q®°#kQê^ΰ. Hêx, ~òk=~¡öH
"Œ‹¬ë==òQê #°#ß ^¥xx †Ç°^Š¥~¡Ö=òQê (†Ç°^Š¥`Ç^ŠÎ=òQê) `³e‹²Hù#°@<Í
*ìý#=°O^ΰ~¡°. ''"Œ‹¬°^Í=— ‹¬~¡Þ"£°ÑÑ, J#Qê ‹¬~¡Þ=ü "Œ‹¬°^Í=ô_Í Jx
`³e‹²Hù#°@ "Œ‹¬ë="³°Ø#^Í. Hêx, Wk #¶`Ç#=òQê Pq~¡Ä•qOz#
*ìý#=òQê^ΰ. JO`ÍQêH› ‹¬Þ`Ç—‹²^Îœ"³°Ø#k. JO`Ç\ì „¬~¡=¶`Çà†Í°
xO_•†Çò<Œß_È<Í q+¬†Ç°=ò P†Ç°# "Œä›½ø =•#<Í =°#䛽
=¼H›ë=°Q®°KÇ°#ßk. Wk ZO`Ç ‹¬O`Ë+¬H›~¡=°~ò# q+¬†Ç°=ò? ~ò^Í
„¬~¡"³¶`Çø$+¬“"³°Ø# *ìý#=ò. nxH÷ q°Oz# *ìý#=ò =°i†³òH›\÷ …è^ΰ.
"Í^Î=ò•° =eÁOz##¶, ‰§ã‹¬ë=ò•° J^•Î¼†Ç°#=ò KÍ‹²##¶, „¬ô~Œ}
„¬~”¡#=ò QêqOz##¶ "Œ‹¬°^Í=ô_Í ‹¬~¡Þ=°<Í q+¬†Ç°"Í° `Ç°^Î䛽 ‹¬°‹¬æ+¬“=ò.
ZO^ΰ=•##Qê, "Œ‹¬ë==òQêQ®• '‹¬`Ǽ"Í°Ñ Wk. <Œ†³ò^Îí WO`Ç
^•Î#=ò#ßk, ~òO`Ç ‹¬O„¬^ΰ#ßk ~òO`Ç q^μ†Çò#ßk, ~òO`Ç
H›ˆìH҉ו¼=ò#ß^Îx †Ç°^¥~¡Ö=ò K³À„æ =¶#=ô_È° D ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò…Õ
|‚¬•J~¡°^ΰ. „¬~¡=¶`Ç°àx †³°_È• =°‚¬ð`Ç°à• ‚¬ì$^Άǰ=ò•…Õ
Q®°„¬ë"³°Ø†Çò<Œß D ‹¬~ËÞ`Çø$+¬“ q+¬†Ç°=ò#° „¬~¡=¶`Ç°à_È° ‹¬~¡ˆ×=òQê
''"Œ‹¬°^Í=— ‹¬~¡Þ"£°ÑÑ J<Í `ÍeH› „¬^Î=ò•…Õ `³e„²†Çò<Œß_È°. WO`Ç䛽
q°Oz# P†Ç°# ^Άǰ ~òOöHq°†ÇòO_È°#°? D [Q®`Ç°ë…Õ =$H›Æ=ò•°,
„¬~¡Þ`Ç=ò•°, ~Œˆ×ä, =°#°+¬µ¼•°, [O`Ç°=ô•°, „¬ä›Æ½•°, ãH÷q°H©@Hê^ΰ•°
"³ò^Î…ÿá# KÇ~ŒKÇ~¡=ò•xß\÷†Ç°O^ΰ#° „¬~¡=¶`Çà XH›ø_Í „¬i„¬î~¡°â_È°
(xO_•†Çò<Œß_È°). D ㄬ„¬OKÇ=°O`džÇü „¬~¡=¶`Çà䛽 ª•Ö=~¡=òQ®<Í
2 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

H›#|_È°KÇ°#ßk. [Q®`ǰ놳òH›ø D ƒì‚¬ì¼‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò XH› `ù_È°Q®°. Wk


„¬i=~¡ë# K³O^ΰ#k. Hêx, nx†Ç°O^ΰ ''‹¬`ŸÑÑ ~¡¶„¬=ò#
ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_È°<Œß_È°. P†Ç°# Jq<Œt. „¬i=~¡ë#…èx"Œ_È°. ƒì‚¬ì¼"³°Ø#
^Î$‰×¼~¡¶„¬=ò<Í =°#=ò KǶ_ÈQ®•°Q®°`Œ=ò, Hêx, …Õ„¬• Uq°†Çò#ß^Ë
^¥x g°^Î䛽 =°# ^Î$+²“‡é^ΰ. W^Í =°# =•Á [iöQ Ì„^Îí ‡Ú~¡ƒì@°. JO^ΰöH
ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°_È° K³|°`Œ_È°, ''`Ç`Ë =¶O `Ç`ÇëÞ`Ë *ìý`ŒÞ q‰×`Í `Ç^Î#O`Ç~¡"£°ÑÑ
(w`Ç: 18Ð55) =¶#=ô_È° „¬~¡=¶`Çà<³á# <Í#° Z\÷“"Œ_È<Ë, x[=òQê (`Ç`ÇëÞ`Ç—
) `³e‹²Hùx #O`Ç@<Í <Œ…Õ ã„¬"ÍtOKÇ°KÇ°<Œß_È°ÑÑ `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò`Ë `³e‹²Hù#°@
†Ç°#Qê Uq°\÷? <Í`Ç =㋬ë=°O^ΰ ㄬuëH÷ Uq^•Î"³°Ø# '‹¬`ŸÑ (‹¬`Ǽ=°Q®°
„¬^¥~¡Ö=ò) L#ß^Ë, =°\÷“‡•ã`džǰO^ΰ =°\÷“H÷ U '‹¬`ŸÑ L#ß^Ë, …Õ‚¬ì
xià`Ç=°~ò# J¢‹¬ë‰×¢‹¬ë=ò•…Õ …Õ‚¬ì=ò#䛽 U '‹¬`ŸÑ †Çò#ß^Ë,
‹¬Þ~Œâƒ•’~¡}=ò•…Õ ‹¬Þ~¡â=ò#䛽 U '‹¬`ŸÑL#ß^Ë J>èÁ D ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò#O^ΰ
䛀_¨ „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò "Œ¼„²Oz †Çò#ßk. nxx `³e‹²Hù#°@†Í°
`Ç`ÇëÞ`Ç— `³e‹²Hù#°@. J#Qê J#°ƒ•’¶u<ùO^Î_È=°#ß=¶@.(1)
J<ÍH›=ò…ÿá# |OQê~¡„¬ô Pƒ•’~¡}=ò•°O_È°#°. H›O~”Œƒ•’~¡}=ò•°,
‚¬ìª•ëƒ•’~¡}=ò•°, H›~Œâƒ•’~¡}=ò•°, <ŒtHꃕ’~¡}=ò•° "³ò^ΕQ®°#"³x߆³¶
Q®•=ô. P =‹¬°ë=ô•ä›½ qq^•Î PHê~¡=ò•°, L„¬†³¶Q®=ò•°. J<ÍH›
<Œ=°=ò•°O_È°#°. J@°•<Í "Œ\÷ |~¡°=ô, =ü•¼=ò•O^ΰ 䛀_È
=¼`Œ¼‹¬=ò•°O_È°#°. Pƒ•’~¡}=ò•<ÍH›=ò•°. Hêx, |OQê~¡"³òH›>è
(H›#H›ä›½O_È•<Œ¼†Ç°=ò) ZO^ΰ…Õ#~ò`Í ã„¬Hê~¡ ƒè^•Î=ò•°O_È"Ë, Uk
Jx`Ç~¡"³°Ø#^Ë ^¥xx `³e‹²Hù#°@†Í° `Ç`ÇëÞ`Ç— `³e‹²Hù#°@ †Ç°Q®°#°.
=°#°A•°, [O`Ç°=ô•°, „¬ä›Æ½•°, =$H›Æ=ò•°, „¬~¡Þ`Ç=ò•°, ~Œˆ×ä, W@°H›•°,
1) Pƒ•’~¡}=ò•…Õ '‹¬`ŸÑ ‹¬Þ~Œâxk, Pƒ•’~¡}=ò•kHê^ΰ. Pƒ•’~¡}=ò•° H›$ãu=°
xià`Ç=ò•° Q®#°H› Pƒ•’~¡}=ò•H›O>ÿ (‹¬¶Ö•^Î$+²“`Ë) ‹¬Þ~¡â=ò#° ‹¬`Ǽ=°x
K³„¬C^ΰ~¡°. Hêx "Œ‹¬ë==òQê ‹¬Þ~ŒâxH÷ ‹¬Þ`ÇOã`Ç ã„¬u„¬uë …è^ΰ. ‹¬O„¬î~¡â
‹¬$+²“…Õ XH›ø „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#öH P ㄬ`ͼH›`ÇQ®•^ΰ. ‹¬`Ǽ=ò, x`Ǽ=ò#䛽
P „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò "³á„¬ô䛽 ^Î$+²“x =°~¡eOKÇ°@䛽 ㄬuë, =°\÷“, …Õ‚¬ì=ò,
|OQê~¡=ò "³ò^Î…ÿá#q ‹¬`Ǽ=°x K³„¬æ|_ÈKÇ°#ßq. W=x߆Çü
„¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#䛽 ㄬfH›•=…ÿ „¬iQ®}÷O„¬|_•#q.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 3

W‹¬°H›, ‹¬°#ß=ò, =°\÷“ D q^•Î=òQê KÇ~ŒKÇ~¡=ò•<ÍH› ~¡H›=ò•°.


"³áq^•Î¼=òQ®•q. J~ò#„¬æ\÷H÷h "Œ\÷†Ç°O^ÎO`Ç~¡¾`Ç"³°Ø# ^ÍkQ®•^Ë
^¥x†Ç°O^³@°=O\÷ ƒ•è^Î=ò …è^ΰ. ƒ•è^Î~¡‚²ì`Ç=°~ò# D `Ç`ÇëÞ"Í°
„¬~¡=¶`Çà. P†Ç°# xiÞHê~¡°_È°, x~ŒHê~¡°_ȶ, ‹¬~ŒÞO`Ç~Œ¼q°, ‹¬`Ç°¼_È°,
x`Ç°¼_ȶ#~ò# P ‹¬ö~Þ‰×Þ~¡°x `³e‹²Hù#°@†Í°. =°# „¬~¡=¶=k•.
Pƒ•’~¡}=ò•†Ç°O^ΰ „¬i=~¡ë#†ÇòO_È°#°. Hêx |OQê~¡=°O^ΰ
„¬i=~¡ë#†ÇòO_È^ΰ. D q^•Î=òQ®<Í ã„¬„¬OKÇ=°O`Ç\÷…Õ#¶ x~¡O`Ç~¡
„¬i=~¡ë# [~¡°Q®°KÇ°<͆Çò#ßk.
„¬i=~¡ë<Œ~¡‚²ì`Ç=°~ò# (JqHê~¡=ò) „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞO…Õ
=¶ã`Ç=ò =¶~¡°æ†ÇòO_È^ΰ. Jk†Ç°„¬æ\÷=…ÿ<Í †ÇòO_È°#°. ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_•@°Á
K³„²æ†Çò<Œß_È°, ''q#‰×¼`ÇžÞq#‰×¼O`ÇO †Ç°— „¬‰×¼u ‹¬ „¬‰×¼uÑÑ (w`Ç
13Ð27) #tOKÇ°†Ç°xß\÷…Õ#° #tOKÇx^Í^Î~ò`Í †Çò#ß^Ë, ^¥xx
KǶKÇ°"Œ_Í "Œ‹¬ë==ò#° EKÇ°KÇ°<Œß_È°. U q^•Î=òQê#O>è, ‹¬¶Ö• ^Î$+²“`Ë
KǶz#@Á~ò`Í, =¢‹¬ë=ò•° #tOKÇ°#°Qêh ㄬuë #tO„¬^ΰ. ‡•ã`Ç•° #tOKÇ°#°Qêx
=°\÷“ #tO„¬^ΰ. J¢‹¬ë‰×¢‹¬ë=ò•° #tOKÇ°#°Qêx …Õ‚¬ì=ò #tOKÇ^ΰ.
Pƒ•’~¡}=ò•x߆Çò #tOKÇ°#° Qêx |OQê~¡=ò †Ç°^Š¥qk•<Í †ÇòO_È°#°. D
‹¬~¡Þ[Q®`ÇëO`džÇò#° #tOKÇ°#° Hêx „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò #tO„¬^ΰ.
Z#ß_È°#¶ „¬i=~¡ë#=ò K³O^Îxk†Çò#°, =°i†Çü Z#ß_È°#° #tO„¬x
`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò "³á„¬ô#öH =°# ^Î$+²“ ª•iO„¬=•†Çò#°. ^¥x<Í ‹¬~¡ÞHê• ‹¬~ŒÞ=‹¬Ö•
†Ç°O^ΰ#° =°##=ò K͆ǰ=•†Çò#°. ^¥xöH ‹¬~ŒÞk•H›=°~ò# ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç
h†Ç°=•†Çò#°. J@°• `³e‹²Hùx#"Œ_Í "Œ‹¬ë= ^Î$+²“ Q®•"Œ_ÈQ®°#°.
Wk „¬^¥~¡Ö=°~ò'†Çò#ßkцǰx ª•=¶#¼=òQê =°#=°O^ΰ=ò.
D „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò „¬i=~¡ë<Œ j•=°~ò#^Í. W@°=O\÷ „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò`Ë ä›€_•#^Í
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò. JO^ΰKÍ ~òk䛀_È „¬i=~¡ë<Œj•=°~ò#^Í. nxH÷ a•#ß=òQê
„¬i=~¡ë<Œ ~¡‚²ì`Ç=òQ® ''L#ßkÑÑ J<Ík „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò. D
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò# ^͉×, Hê•, ãH÷†Ç°, =‹¬°ë, =¼H÷ë "³ò^ΕQ®°#=<ÍH›=ò Q®•=ô.
g@xß\÷†Ç°O^ΰ ''‹¬`ŸÑÑQê. J#Qê ''L#ßkÑÑ Jx K³„¬æ|_È°#k
4 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

„¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ"³òH›ø>è. ª•^•Î䛽x ^Î$+²“ Z•Á"͈ׅì ''‹¬`ŸÑÑ J~ò# ''L#ßkÑÑ


(„¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞO) g°^Î<Í x•z†ÇòO_È=•†Çò#°.(1)
''L#ßkÑÑ J#°#k (‹¬`Ÿ) ‰§‰×Þ`Ç"³°Ø#k. ㄬ†Ç°ußÀ‹ë JO^ÎiH©
Z•Á„¬C_ȶ ㇕„¬ë=°Q®°#k. D ㄬ„¬OKÇO Z=iH©, Z#ß_ȶ •ƒ•’¼O Hê…è^ΰ.
㇕„¬ë"³°Ø#k Jx ãQ®‚²ìOKÇ°KÇ°<Œß=ò. Wk =°#=ò KÍÀ‹ Ì„^Îí `Ç„¬C. Wk
"Œ‹¬ë==òQê …è<Í…è^ΰ. ‰×s~¡=ò ~òk=~¡ä›½ …è䛽O_³#°. Wk JO^ÎiH© `³e‹²#^Í.
WH›=òO^ΰ 䛀_¨ LO_È^ΰ. Wk ㄬuH›Æ}=ò #t‹¬¶ë<Í LO_È°#°. Wk 䛀_È
JO^ÎiH© J#°ƒ•’=‹²^Îœ"Í°. D ãQ®‚²ìO„¬ô#öH =òO^ΰ ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç ~ò=Þ=…ÿ#°.
=°#=ò ƒ•’H÷ë ƒ•ì==ò`Ë H›#°H› KǶz#@Á~ò`Í Jxß ~¡¶„¬=ò•…Õ#°
XH›ø ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_Í ã„¬`ǼH›Æ=°=ô`Œ_È°. J#Qê „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ"Í° QËKÇi‹¬°ëOk.
PH›e J~ò`Í 'J#ßOÑ ~¡¶„¬O…Õ, ^΄²æH› J~ò`Í [•~¡¶„¬O…Õ, ~ËyH÷
B+¬^•Î~¡¶„¬O…Õ „¬~¡=¶`Çà†Í° ㄬ`ǼH›Æ=°Q®°KÇ°<Œß_È°. ƒ•Õy J~ò#KË
ƒ•ÕQ®¼~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ J=`ÇiOKÇ°#°. =°#•#° ZO_È "Í_•q° ƒìk•OKÇ°KÇ°#ßKË,
K•Œ†Ç¶~¡¶„¬O…Õ À‹^Îf~¡°ó#°. KÇe#°O_• =¢‹¬ë~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ =zó ~¡H÷ÆOKÇ°#°.
Jxß ~¡¶„¬=ò•…Õ#¶ ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_Í QËKÇiOKÇ°#x `Œ`Çæ~¡¼=ò. Hêx,
P†Ç¶~¡¶„¬=ò•…Õ =zó# „¬~¡=¶`Çà#° J#°ƒ•’¶u K³O^Î_ÈO
"³ò^Ε°Ì„_•`Í ^ΰ—Y~¡¶„¬O…Õ#°, #~¡H›~¡¶„¬O…Õ#¶ 䛀_¨ =KÇ°ó#°.
ㄬ‰×ß:Ð „¬~¡=¶`Ç°à_È° J#ß=ò, [•=ò "³ò^Î…ÿá# #tOKÍ =‹¬°ë=ô•
~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ ZO^ΰ䛽 =KÇ°ó#° ?
=°#•#° ‰×s~¡=òQê ƒ•ìqOz (^Í‚¬ð`Çà|°kœ`Ë) =°# Hù~¡ä›½
P=‰×¼H› =‹¬°ë=ô•° Hê=…ÿ#x HË~¡°HùO^ΰ=ò. „¬~¡=¶`Çà P†Ç¶ =‹¬°ë=ô•
~¡¶„¬=ò•…Õ<Í =°#=òO^ΰ䛽 =KÇ°ó#°. =°#=ò 'J‹¬`ŸÑ…Õ#°O_• „¬~¡=¶`Çà#°
KǶK³^Î=°#°ä›½O>è P†Ç°#䛀_È 'J‹¬`ŸÑ…Õ<Í Pq~¡Ä•qOKÇ°#°. =°#=ò
P†Ç°##° U q^•Î=òQ® KǶK³^Î=°x PtOz# P q^•Î=òQ®<Í P†Ç°# H›#|_È°#°.
1) ''‹¬=°O ‹¬ö~Þ+¬µ ƒ•’¶`Í+¬µ u+¬“O`ÇO „¬~¡"Í°‰×Þ~¡O
q#‹¬¼`ÇžÞq#‰×¼O`ÇO †Ç°— „¬‰×¼u ‹¬ „¬‰×¼uÑÑ w`Ç (13Ð27)
Z=ï~á`Í #tOKÍ ‹¬~¡Þ㇕}°•…Õ „¬~¡=¶`Çà#° <Œ‰×~¡‚²ì`ÇOQê#° =°i†Çò
‹¬=¶# ~¡¶„¬O`Ë L#ß"ŒxQê KǶKÇ°<Ë, "Œ_Í "Œ‹¬ë==òQê KǶKÇ°KÇ°<Œß_Èx ƒ•ì==ò.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 5

''†Í° †Ç°^Š¥ =¶O ㄬ„¬^μO`Í `ŒO‹¬ë^Š³á= ƒ•’*ì=°¼‚¬ì"£°ÑÑ (w`Ç 4Ð11)


L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽 :Ð „¬‹²„²•Á"Œ_È° P@=‹¬°ë=ô Hê=…ÿ#O>è `ÇeÁ Ì„áH›=ò
"³zóOz Jk `³zó "Œ_•H÷KÇ°ó#°. P q^•Î=òQ®<Í =°#=ò Uk Hê"Œ•#°ä›½O>è
J^Í ~¡¶„¬=°O^ΰ ^ΆǶˆ×Ã"³á# „¬~¡=¶`Çà =°#=^Îí䛽 =KÇ°ó#°. =°#=ò
ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•#° PtOKÇxKË ƒ•Õy~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ P†Ç°# =°# =^Îí䛽 ZO^ΰ䛽
=KÇ°ó#°? P†Ç°# H›$ãu=° ~¡¶„¬=ò<³O^ΰ䛽 ^•ÎiOKÇ=•‹² =KÇ°ó#°?
2. ㇕„¬ë`Ç`ŒëÞ#°ƒ•’==ò
XH›\÷ H›#|_Í=‹¬°ë=ô(^Î$Q˾KÇ~¡=ò) =°i†³òH›\÷ H›#|_Èx =‹¬°ë=ô
(JQËKÇ~¡=ò). H›#|_È°#k ㄬfu. H›#|_Èxk ㇕„¬ë=ò. ㄬfux [_È=°x
(ㄬH›$u) JO^ΰ~¡°. Wk ''J‹¬`ŸÑÑ (…èx^¥xH÷, J|^Îœ"³°Ø# =‹¬°ë=ô䛽)
~¡¶„¬=òQê =iâO„¬|_•#k. ㇕„¬ë=ò#° K³á`Ç#¼=ò („¬ô~¡°+¬µ_È°) JO^ΰ~¡°.
Wk '‹¬`ŸÑ (L#ßk, x["³°Ø#k) ~¡¶„¬=òQê =iâO„¬|_•#k. ''ㄬH›$uO
„¬ô~¡°+¬O KÍ= q^Îœ¼<Œn Lƒ•ì=„²IIÑÑ (w`Ç 13Ð19). ㄬfuH÷ ‹¬Þ`ÇOã`Ç '‹¬`ŸÑ
(LxH÷) …è^ΰ. ㇕„²ëH÷ ‹¬Þ`ÇOã`Ç '‹¬`ŸÑ L#ßk. ÐÐÐ''<Œ#`Ë q^μ`Í ƒ•ì"Ë
<Œƒ•ì"Ë q^μ`Í ‹¬`Ç— (w`Ç 2Ð16)
[_È=òÐÐKÍ`Ç#=òÐÐD ï~O_ȶ „¬~¡„¬æ~¡ q~¡°^Îœ‹¬Þƒ•ì==òQ®•q.
[_È=ò x`Ǽ x~¡O`Ç~¡ „¬i=~¡ë<Œje. XH›ø H›Æ}"³°Ø<Œ ‹²Ö~¡=òQê†ÇòO_È°#k
Qê^ΰ. KÍ`Ç#=ò x`Ǽ x~¡O`Ç~¡=°~ò#k. L#ßk L#ß@°ÁQ®<Í LO_È°#°.
Z„¬C_È° XH›ø H›Æ}=ò 䛀_È =¶~¡°æK³O^Î^ΰ. ~ŒãuH÷, „¬Q®•°ä›½ „¬~¡‹¬æ~¡
H›•~òH› U q^•Î=òQê Z#ß_ȶ LO_È^Ë, J>èÁ [_È K³á`Ç#¼=ò•ä›½ „¬~¡‹¬æ~¡
‹¬O†³¶Q®"³°#ß_ȶ LO_È^ΰ. Hêx, [_È KÍ`Ç#=ò• ‹¬O†³¶Q®=ò =•Á ‹¬=°‹¬ë
㇕}°•° [xàOKÇ°#° Jx w`Ç…Õ K³„¬æ|_•#k.(1)
1) ㄬfuH÷ ï~O_È°~¡¶„¬=ò•° XH›\÷ ㄬfu, ï~O_È=k ㄬHê‰×=ò (ƒ•ì<£), ㄬfu
WOãk†Ç°‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø# q+¬†Ç°=ò. ㄬHê‰×=ò(ƒ•ì<£) JO`Ç—H›~¡} ‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø#
q+¬†Ç°=ò. ㄬfu ‹¬¶Ö•=ò, ㄬHê‰×=ò ‹¬¶H›Æà=ò. ª•Oª•iH› „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò•°,
=¼ä›½ë•° "³ò^Î…ÿá# "Œ\÷H÷ =iëOKÇ°#°. =°i†Çò WOãk†Ç°=ò•ä›½, ''J‚¬ì~¡ÑÑ䛽
ㄬHê‰×=ò =iëOKÇ°#°. ㄬfuÐÐJ#°ƒ•’==ò ï~O_•\÷ =°^•Î¼…Õ ã„¬Hê‰×=ò L#ßk.
ㄬHê‰× *ìý`Ç '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ (P`Çà)Ñ
{ †Ç¶=`ÇžO*ì†Ç°`Í H÷Oz`Ÿ, ‹¬`ÇëÞO ª•Ö=~¡[OQ®=°"£°.
öHÆã`ÇöHÆã`Ç[ý‹¬O†³¶Qê `ÇëkÞkœ ƒ•’~¡`Ç~¡Âƒ•’. (w`Ç 13Ð26)
6 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

nxH÷ `Œ`Çæ~¡¼"Í°=°#Qê, KÍ`Ç#=ò [_È=ò`Ë `Ç# ‹¬O†³¶Q®=ò#°


JOwH›iOKÇ°KÇ°#ßk. J#Qê [_È KÍ`Ç#=ò• ‹¬O†³¶Q®=ò öH=•=ò
KÍ`Ç#=ò†³òH›ø JOwHê~¡=ò =¶ã`Ç"Í°. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê Wk 䛀_¨
‹¬`Ǽ=òHê^ΰÐÐÐ
''r=ƒ•’¶`ŒO =°‚¬ðƒì‚¬ìÙ I †Ç°†Í°^ÎO ^•¥~¡¼`Í [Q®`Ÿ II (w`Ç, 7Ð5)
''=°#—+¬‘•“hOãk†Ç¶}÷ ㄬH›$u ª•Öx H›~¡ÂuÑÑ (w`Ç 15Ð7)
JOwH›iOz# ~ü H›•~òH›#° (‹¬OQ®=°=ò#°) q_•zÌ„@°“
l"Í°à^¥i KÍ`Ç#=ò#䛽#ßk. ZO^ΰKÍ`Ç#O>è ~ü KÍ`Ç#"Í° P [_È=ò#°
„¬\÷“†Çò#ßk.
KÍ`Ç#=ò [_È=ò`Ë `Ç# ‹¬O|O^•ÎO U~¡æ~¡Kǰ䛽#ß„¬C_È°,
JOwH›iOz#„¬C_È° `Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬"³°Ø# 'J‚¬ìOÑ „¬ô@°“HùKÇ°ó#°. D ''J‚¬ìOÑÑ
öH=•O KÍ`Ç#O…Õ#¶ LO_È^ΰ, [_È=ò…Õ#¶ LO_È^ΰ. Jk [_ÈKÍ`Ç#=ò•KÍ
JOwH›iO„¬|_•# H›•~òH› z[û_ÈãQ®Ok•…Õ =¶ã`Ç"Í° LO_È°#°. D 'J‚¬ì"Í°Ñ
ㄬ„¬OKÇ |O^•Î#=ò#䛽 =ü•Hê~¡}=ò. D 'J‚¬ìOÑ #°O_Í =°=°`Ç,
HËiH› "³ò^Î…ÿá# ^Ë+¬=ò•hß L`Çæ#ß=°=ô#°. 'J‚¬ì"£°Ñ#° `ù•yOKÇ°@䛽
ª•^•Î䛽_È° ㄬ„¬OKÇ^Î$+²“`Ë P…ÕzOz ~ü ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò#䛽 ‹¬Þ`ÇOã`Ç '‹¬`ŸÑ
(‹²Öu) …è^ΰ Jx J#°HË=KÇ°ó. …è^¥ „¬~¡=¶`Çà ^Î$+²“`Ë P…ÕzOz ‹¬~¡Þ=ü
„¬~¡=¶`Íà Jx䛀_È J#°HË=KÇ°ó.(1)
N=°^¥Ä•Q®=`ÇO…Õ ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_È° ㇕„¬OzH› ^Î$+²“`Ë ~ò@°Á
K³„²æ<Œ_È°.
H÷O ƒ•’ã^ÎO H÷=°ƒ•’ã^ÎO <Œ ^³áÞ`Ǫ•¼=‹¬°ë #— H÷†Ç°`Ÿ
"ŒKËk`ÇO `Ç^Î#$`ÇO =°#ª• ^•¥¼`Ç"Í°=KÇ (11Ð28Ð4)
1) 'WkUg°…è^롄 Jx *ìý<Œa•~¡°zQ®• ª•^•Î䛽_È#°Hù#°#°. W^ÎO`Œ „¬~¡=¶`Çà
Jx ƒ•’H÷ë~¡°zQ®• ª•^•Î䛽_È#°Hù#°#°. Ja•~¡°z…Õ ƒ•è^Î=ò#ß„¬æ\÷H÷x
„¬i}ì=°=ò…Õ ï~O_ȶ XH›ø>è†Ç°Q®°KÇ°#ßq. J#Qê P „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#°
q_•z Uq°†Çò …è^ΰ J<Í J#°ƒ•’==ò P ~ò~¡°=ôiH÷ H›•°Q®°#°.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 7

㇕„¬OzH› =‹¬°ë=ô•hß䛀_È "Œä›½ø`Ë K³„¬æ|_•#q. =°#‹¬°ž`Ë


P…ÕzO„¬|_•#q. H›#°H›<Í J=hß J‹¬`Ǽ=ò•°, ^³áÞ`Ç=°<Í =‹¬°ë"Í…è#„¬C_È°
=°OKÍq°\÷? K³_Íq°\÷? „¬~¡=¶`Çà ^Î$+²“`Ë K³„¬æ|_•#k.
=°#ª• =KǪ• ^Î$‘•“¼ Q®$‚¬ì¼`ͼ<³á¼~¡„ÔOãk†³Ø°— I
J‚¬ì"Í°= # =°`Ëë¼ #¼ku |°°^Îœ¼^•ÎÞ=°Olª• II (11Ð13Ð24)
=°#‹¬°žKÍ`Ç, "Œä›½øKÍ`Ç, ^Î$+²“KÍ`Ç J^Íq^•Î=òQ® Jxß
WOãk†Ç°=ò•KÍ`Ç, U"³á`Í ãQ®‚²ìO„¬|_È°KÇ°#ß"Ë J=xß <Í<Í. H›#°H› <ŒH›O>è
W`Ç~¡"³°Ø#"Íg …è=ô. D ‹²^¥œO`Ç=ò#° g°~¡°, P…ÕKÇ<Œ „¬î~¡ÞH›=òQ® `ÇÞ~¡Qê
`³e‹²Hù#=•†Çò#°. J#Qê ‹ÔÞH›iOKÇ=•†Çò#°.
^ÍxH÷ ‹¬`Ÿ (‹²Öu) L#ß^Ë Jk ãQ®‚²ìOKÇ|_È°`Ç°Ok. D ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò#䛽
‹¬Þ`ÇOã`Ç '‹¬`ŸÑ(‹²Öu) …è^ΰ. XH›ø H›Æ}=ò䛀_¨ ‹²Ö~¡=òQê LO_È^ΰ. =°i
=°# ãQ®‚²ìO„¬ô#ïH@°Á ~ŒQ®•^ΰ? K³á`Ç#¼=ò`Ë K³á`Ç#¼"Í° ãQ®‚²ìO„¬|_È°`Ç°Ok.
‹¬Þ†Ç°O (P`Çà) KÍ`Ç#"Í°, JO^ΰKÍ`Ç<Í D K³á`Ç#¼=ò „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ŒëÞxß
ãQ®‚²ìOKÇ°#°. [_È=ò#° Hê^ΰ. Hêh Z„¬C_³á`Í ''‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑÑ [_È`ÇÞ=ò`Ë `Ç#
‹¬O|O^•Î=ò#° X„¬CHù#°<Ë, J„¬C_È° [_È=ò ‰×s~¡=ò, WOãk†Ç°=ò,
=°#‹¬°ž, |°kœ ^¥Þ~Œ [_È`ÇÞ=ò#° ãQ®‚²ìOKÇ°#°.(1)
[_È`ÇÞ=ò#° ãQ®‚²ìOKÇ°@ =•# Jk z#à†Ç° `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò („¬~¡=¶`Çà)
#°O_• q=òY`Ç ‡ÚO^ΰ#°. JO^ΰ [_È`ÇÞ ã‡•^•¥#¼`Ç (‰×s~¡=ò#䛽)
Jk•H›=°Q®°#°. [_È`ÇÞ ã‡•^•¥#¼`Çx `ù•yOKÇ°@䛽 ª•^•Î䛽_È°. 'W=x߆Çü…è=ôÑ
J<Í ‹¬`Ǽ=ò#° ^Î$_•È|°kœ`Ë q‰×Þ‹²O„¬=•†Çò#°. Wk JOwH›iOKÇ°@=•#
P†Ç°#䛽 [_È`ÇÞ=ò#°O_• ‹¬O|O^•Î=ò qKÍó•^Î=°Q®°#°. ''‹¬~¡Þ=ò
"Œ‹¬°^Í=ô_ÍÑÑ J<Í ƒ•ì==ò J#°ƒ•’==ò…ÕxH÷ =KÇ°ó#°. nx „¦¬e`Ç=òQê
[_È`ÇÞ ãQ®‚¬ì}=òO_È^ΰ. Hêh „¬~¡=¶`Çà ãQ®‚¬ì}=ò H›•°Q®°#x `Œ`Çæ~¡¼=ò.
1) WH›ø_È '=°#ª•Ñ`Ë JO`Ç—H›~¡}=ò, '=KǪ•Ñ J<Í „¬^Î=ò`Ë Jxß H›ö~àOãk†Ç°=ò•°
=°i†Çò '^Î$‘•“¼Ñ J#ß „¬^Î=ò`Ë Jxß *ìý<ÍOãk†Ç°=ò•° ãQ®‚²ìO„¬#Q®°#°.
'‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ J#Qê 'P`ÇàÑ Jk†Í° „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ"³°Ø# KÍ`Ç#=ò. Jk
K³á`Ç#¼=ò.
8 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

=°#°+¬µ¼x ^Î$+²“ Pƒ•’~¡}=ò•°, "Œ\÷À„~¡°Á, PH›$`Ç°•°, `ǶH›=ò,


=ü•¼=ò, L„¬†³¶Q®=ò•"³áÀ„ L#ßO`Ç=~¡ä›½ J`Çx ^Î$+²“H÷ |OQê~¡=ò
†³òH›ø ㇕=òY¼`Ç ~Œ^ΰ. J^Í q^•Î=òQê J`Çx ^Î$+²“ ㄬ„¬OKÇ=òg°^Î
L#ßO`Ç=~¡ä›½ „¬~¡=¶`Çà g°^Î䛽 =°ˆ×¤^ΰ. ''W^ÎO`Œ Ug°…è^ΰÑÑ Jx
^Î$_•È=òQê x‰×ó~òOKǰ䛽#ß `ÇH›Æ}"Í° ‹¬Oª•~¡ ‹¬Þ`ÇOã`Ç‹²ÖuÌ„á Jƒ•ì=
"Í°~¡æ_È°#° (‹¬Oª•~¡=ò †³òH›ø ‹¬Þ`ÇOã`Ç ‹¬`ŸÌ„á フ’=°•° `ù•y‡é=ô#°).
''‹¬~¡Þ=ü „¬~¡=¶`ÇàÑÑ Jx J#°ƒ•’==ò…ÕxH÷ =KÇ°ó#°. P†Ç°# ^Î$+²“…Õ
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=°<Ík LO_È^ΰ. „¬~¡=¶`Çà LO_È°#°. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê L#ßk Ð
''"Œ‹¬°^Í=—‹¬~¡ÞOÑÑ. (w`Ç 7Ð19)
|OQê~¡=ò#° Q®°iOz KÇH›øQê `³e‹²# =°#°A_È° |OQê~¡=ò#°,
=‹¬°ë=ô#° D ï~O_•\÷h `³e‹²#"Œ_³á Z@°Á LO_È°<Ë, J>èÁ
„¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò `³e‹²†Çò#ß `Ç`ÇëÞAý_È° ‹¬`Œë†ÇòH›ë (‹²Öu†ÇòH›ë)
„¬~¡=¶`Çà (㇕„¬ë)#° `³e‹²#"Œ_³á†ÇòO_È°#°. =°i†Çò '‹¬`ŸÑ ~¡‚²ì`Ç=òQê
(‹²Öu ~¡‚²ì`Ç=òQê) ㄬ„¬OKŒxß (ㄬfux) 䛀_¨ `³e‹²#"Œ_ÈQ®°#°.
<Œ‹¬`Ë q^μ`Í ƒ•ì"Ë <Œƒ•ì"Ë q^μ`Í ‹¬`Ç— I
Lƒ•’†³¶~¡„² ^Î$‘é“-#ë ‹¬Þë #†³¶‹¬ë`ÇëÞ^ÎiÅa•— II (w`Ç 2Ð16)
‹¬`Ÿ …èx =‹¬°ë=ô䛽 LxH÷ JO@¶ LO_È^ΰ. ‹¬`Çë#° ^¥xH÷ LxH÷
…èH›‡é=_È=°O@¶ LO_È^ΰ. W@Áx, D ï~O\÷ `Ç`ŒëÞxß (~¡‚¬ìª•¼xß)
`Ç`ÇëÞ*ìý#°•° `³e‹²HùO^ΰ~¡°. *ìý#°• ^¥Þ~Œ D `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò KǶ_È|_•#k.
^ÍdJ ‹¬°xJ Q®°xJ =°# =¶‚Ôì– I "³¶‚¬ì =ü• „¬~¡=¶~¡^ŠÎ° <Œ‚Ôì– II
(=¶#‹¬ 2Ð92Ð4)
KǶz, qx, =°#‹¬°#O^ΰ ãQ®‚²ìOKÇ°#@°=O\÷ ƒ•’¶q°, Q®$‚¬ì=ò,
^•Î#=ò, „¬ô~¡=ò, „¬i"Œ~¡=ò, ‹¬Þ~¡¾=ò, #~¡H›=ò "³ò^ΕQ®°
=¼=‚¬ð~¡=ò•xß\÷H÷h Hê~¡}=ò J*ìý#"Í° Ð W"Íq†Çü †Ç°^¥~¡Ö=ò•° Qê=ô.
''[_È KÍ`Ç# [Q® r=[`Ç ‹¬H›• ~Œ=°=°†Ç° *ìxÑÑ I (=¶#‹¬ 1Ð7)
ƒ•ì=O:Ð [Q®`Ç°ë…Õ [_È=ò•° Ð, KÍ`Ç<Œ†ÇòH›ë"³°Ø# r=ô…ÿ#ß~ò`Í Q®•"Ë
"Œ\÷#xßO\÷h '~Œ=°=°†Ç°=òÑQê `³e‹²Hù#=…ÿ#°.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 9

J‹¬`Ÿ (ㄬfu)䛽 ï~O_È° qƒ•ìQ®=ò•° Ð ‰×s~¡=ò, ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò.


‰×s~¡=ò#° ㄬ„¬OKÇ À‹=Hù~¡ä›½ ‹¬=°iæOKÇ°@ H›~¡à†³¶Q®=°#|_È°#°.
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò #°O_• ‹¬°Y=°À„H÷ÆOKÇ°@#° [#à =°~¡} †³¶Q®=òQê
À„~ùø#|_•#k. ‹¬`Ÿ (㇕„¬ë=ò)䛽 ï~O_È° qƒ•ìQ®=ò•° Ð P`Çà, „¬~¡=¶`Çà. P`Çà
`Ç#†Ç°O^Í ‹²Ö~¡"³°Ø†ÇòO_È°@#° '*ìý#†³¶Q®=°O^ΰ~¡°Ñ. `Ç##° `Œ#° „¬~¡=¶`Çà䛽
‹¬=°iæOKÇ°Hù#°@ 'ƒ•’H÷ëÑ †³¶Q®=°Q®°#°. H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò, *ìý#†³¶Q®=ò =°i†Çò
ƒ•’H÷놳¶Q®=ò Ð D =ü_•O\÷…Õ U XH›ø^¥x…Õ<³á<Œ „¬i„¬î~¡°â_È~ò# g°^Î@
`Œ#° H›eæOKǰ䛽#ß D 'J‚¬ìOÑ #tOKÇ°#°.
ㄬfu Hê~¡}ª•À„H›Æ=ò (Hê~¡}=ò#° PÀ„H÷ÆOKÇ°#k). ㄬfu H›O>è
Jf`Ç"³°Ø#k „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞO (㇕„¬ë=ò). Jk Hê~¡} x~¡À„H›Æ=ò. H›#°H›
„¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ=°#° ƒ•ì==ò Jƒ•ì¼‹¬ ª•^•Î¼=òHê^ΰ. ^¥x J#°ƒ•’=O
Hù~¡ä›½ ‰×s~¡, WOãk†Ç°, =°<Ë|°kœ "³ò^Î…ÿá# Hê~¡}=ò• Р䆳òH›ø JÀ„H›Æ
(P=‰×¼H›`Ç) H÷Oz`Ç°ë 䛀_¨ …è^ΰ. nx ㄬ†³¶[#=ò öH=•=ò D
ㄬ„¬OKŒxöH (‹¬Oª•~¡=ò). `Ç# Hù~¡ïH#ß_ȶ Hê^ΰ.
Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò =•# öH=•O J=ª•Ö„¬i=~¡ë#O [~¡°Q®°#°. J^Í q^•Î=òQê
Hù`Çë J=ª•Ö x~Œà}=ò 䛀_¨ [~¡°Q®°#°. J=ª•Öf`Ç `Ç`ŒëÞ#°ƒ•’=O
Jƒ•ì¼‹¬O=•Á ~Œ^ΰ. ^¥xH÷ q~¡°^Îœ=òQê J#ƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò =•Á<Í =KÇ°ó#°.
J#ƒ•ì¼‹¬=°#Qê Ug° K͆ǰH›‡é=ô@†Í°. 'K͆Çò@Ñ J<Ík ㄬH›$u ‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø#k.
ㄬH›$u ‹¬O|O^•Î=ò …èH›‡é`Í KÍ`Ç#=ò Ug° K͆ǰ*ì•^ΰ. K͆Çò@
ª•^•Î¼"Í° Hê^ΰ. H›#°H› KÍ`Ç#=ò g°^Î U"³°Ø<Œ K͆Çò ƒì^•Î¼`Ç ä›€_¨ …è^ΰ.
KÍ`Ç#=ò…Õ H›~¡ë$`ÇÞ"Í° …èH›‡é`Í ãH÷†Ç° ZKÇó\÷#°O_• =KÇ°ó#°? …èY䛽_Í
…èH›‡é`Í …èY# ãH÷†Ç° Z@°Á [~¡°Q®°#°? KÍ`Ç#=ò J‚¬ìOH›~¡=òKÍ "³¶‚²ìO„¬|_•
`Ç#†Ç°O^Í H›~¡ë$`ÇÞ=ò#ß^Îx `Ç•KÇ°#° (`Ç<Í H›~¡ë†Ç°x フ’=°„¬_È°#°).
''J‚¬ìOHê~¡q=ü_•¨`Œà H›~Œë-‚¬ìq°u =°#¼`ÍÑÑ. (w`Ç 3Ð27)
"Œ‹¬ë==òQê "Œ_È° H›~ŒëHê^ΰ, ƒ•ÕHêëHê^ΰ Ð ''# H›~Ëu # e„¬¼`ÍÑÑ
(w`Ç 13Ð31)
10 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

H›#°H› `Ç`ŒëÞ#°ƒ•’==ò#䛽 ãH÷†Ç° =°i†Çü „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò#䛽 =°‚¬ì`ÇëÞ=ò#°


P‡•kOKÇ°@ „¬~¡=° J*ìý#=ò. ãH÷†Ç° =°i†Çò „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò•° L„¬†³¶Q®=ò
㇕„¬OzH› ‚²ì`Ç=òHù~¡öH. `Ç=° öHÆ=°=ò Hù~¡ïHá`Í gx#°O_• ‹¬H›• q^•Î=ò•
J‹¬OQ®`ÇÞ=ò L„¬~Œ=°=ò (q+¬†Ç° "³á~ŒQ®¼=ò) LO_È=•†Çò#°.
`Ç`ŒëÞ#°ƒ•’==ò ㄬfu ^¥Þ~Œ Hê^ΰ. ㄬfux `ǼlOKÇ°@ =•#<Í
(‹¬O|O^•Î qKÍó•^Î=ò) [~¡°Q®°#°. Hê~¡}"Í°=°O>è ㄬfux Pã‰×~òOKÇ°@
=•#<Í =°#䛽 ƒ•’=|O^•Î#=ò•° H›•°Q®°KÇ°#ßq Ð
''Hê~¡}O Q®°}‹¬OQË-‹¬¼ ‹¬^΋¬^˼x [#à‹¬°ÑÑ (w`Ç 13Ð21)
ㄬfu (‰×s~¡O) Pã‰×†Ç°=ò …è䛽O_¨, ^¥x ‹¬‚¬ð†Ç°=ò
f‹²Hù#䛽O_¨ Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò g•°„¬_È^ΰ. ^Íx Pã‰×†Ç°=ò f‹²Hù#|_È°<Ë
^¥xx `ǼlOKÇ°>ÿ@°Á? ^¥x =°‚¬ì`ÇÞ"³°Ø`Í Ì„O‡ÚO^ΰ#°.
H›#°H› `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò Jƒ•ì¼‹¬ ª•^•Î¼=ò#°ä›½O>è ª•^•Î䛽#䛽 XH›
Ì„^Î킬ðx H›•°Q®°#°. ^¥x =•# |O^•Î#=ò 䛀_¨ U~¡æ_È°#°. ^¥x<Í =°#°A_È°
`Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ëH÷ ‹¬‚¬ð†Ç°H›=°x J#°Hù#°#°. ^¥x =°‚¬ì`ÇÞ=ò#°, P=‰×¼H›`Ç#°
J#°ƒ•’==ò KÍ‹²Hù#°#°. H›#°H›<Í Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò =•# |O^•Î#=ò …èH› ㄬfu,
„¬~Œn•#`Ç, †Ç°^Š¥`Ç^ŠÎ=òQê, ‹¬°~¡H÷Æ`Ç=òQê LO_È°#°. H›#°H› ㄬfux
`ǼlOKÇ°@ KŒ…ì H›+¬“ª•^•Î¼=ò. ‹¬OïHˆ×ÃÁ …Õ‚¬ðx"³á##°, |OQê~Œx"³á##¶,
Ì„^Îí"³á##¶, z#ß"³á##° |O^•Î#=ò…Õ `Í_¨ Ug° LO_È^ΰ. Hùkí `Í_¨=ôO>è
=ôO_È_¨xH÷ Pª•ø~¡=ò#ßk. W#°„¬ ‹¬OïHˆ×Á#° `ǼlOKÇ°@ `ÍeH›. ‹¬Þ~¡â
‹¬OïHˆ×¤#° q_ÈKÇ°@ KŒ…ì H›+¬“ª•^•Î¼=ò. ZO^ΰH›O>è =°# JO`Ç—H›~¡}=ò…Õ
H›#H›=ò#䛽#ß =°‚¬ì`ǼO J@°=O\÷k.
‹¬Þ†Ç°O (‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬O) ‹¬=°H›ÆO…Õ XH›\÷ ㄬfu (㇕„¬OzH›=ò) HêQê
ï~O_È=k ㇕„¬ëO („¬~¡=¶`Çà). ㄬfu ‹¬=òY=ò…Õ |O^•Î#=ò#ßk. ㇕„¬ë
‹¬=òY=ò…Õ#~ò`Í =òH÷ëQ®•^ΰ. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê KǶz#@Á~ò`Í =òH÷ë
Jƒ•ì==ò WO`Ç䛽=òO^ΰ …è^ΰ, W„¬C_ȶ…è䛽O_³#° WH›Ì„á LO_ȃÕ^ΰ.
LO_Í Pª•ø~¡=ü…è^ΰ. ㇕„²ë '‹¬`ŸÑ#° JOwH›iOKÇH›, ㄬfu '‹¬`ŸÑ#°
JOwH›iOKÇ°>è |O^•Î#=ò. ㄬfu ''‹¬`ŸÑÑ#° u~¡‹¬øiOz ㇕„¬ë '‹¬`ŸÑ#°
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 11

J#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@ =òH÷ë. H›#°H› |O^•Î#=ò, "³¶H›Æ=ò öH=•O =¶#¼`Ç


(JOwHê~¡=ò)…Õ<Í L#ßk Hêx ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò#O^ΰ …è^ΰ.
ㄬ‰×ß:Ð Uk ㇕„¬ë"³¶ Jk „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò =…è JQ®°„¬_È^ΰ. Uk
ㄬfu†³¶ Jk ㇕„¬OKÇH›=ò=…ÿ JQ®°„¬_È°KÇ°#ßk Ð nxH÷ Hê~¡}"Í°q°?
‹¬=¶^•¥#=ò:Ð L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽 ‰×s~¡=ò#䛽 =òMì¼^•¥~¡=ò Z=òH›.
Hêx, Jk JQ®°„¬_È^ΰ. =òMì¼^•¥~¡=ò Hêxk KÇ~¡à=ò. Jk H›x„²OKÇ°#°.
‰×H÷ë=O`Ç"³°Ø#k H›#|_È^ΰ. ‰×H÷ë …èxk H›#|_È°#°. D q^•Î=òQê<Í
„¬~¡=¶`Çà ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò#䛽 =òMì¼^•¥~¡=ò. Hêx, P†Ç°# H›#|_È_È°. Hêx
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò H›#|_È°#°. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê L#ßk H›#|_È^ΰ. Uk H›x„²OKÇ°<Ë
Jk "Œ‹¬ë==òHê^ΰ. L^¥:Ð ‰×s~¡=ò…Õ Z=òH› „²`Ç$JO‰×=ò #°O_•†Çò,
KÇ~¡à=ò =¶`Ç$JO‰×=ò#°O_•†Çò L`Çæ#ß=°~ò#k.
H›#°H› ‰×s~¡=ò =¶`Œ„²`Ç~¡°• JO‰×=ò. Hêx, ‰×s~¡=ò…Õ
`ÇbÁH›#|_È^ΰ, `ÇOã_•†Çü H›#|_È_È°. P ㄬHê~¡"Í° ㄬH›$u =°i†Çò
„¬~¡=¶`Çà• ‹¬O†³¶Q®=ò =•#<Í ã„¬„¬OKÇ=ò (‹¬Oª•~Ÿ) L`Çæ#ß=°Q®°#° Ð
Hêx, ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò…Õ ã„¬H›$u H›#|_È^ΰ. ㄬH›$u Hê~¡¼"Í° H›#|_È°#°.
‰×s~¡=ò…Õ H›O~”¡=ò#䛽 ̄ვìQ®=ò 'L`Çë=¶OQ®=òÑ J#|_È°#°.
ZO^ΰ=•##Qê KÇä›Æ½=ô, H›~¡â=ò, l‚¬ìÞ, `ÇÞ䛽ø, ㄦ¬¶}=ò Ð D J~ò^ΰ
*ìý<ÍOãk†Ç°=ò•° JO^ΰ…Õ†Çò#ßq. P L`Çë=¶OQ®=ò•…Õ ä›€_¨ <Ë~¡°
ㄬ^•¥#"³°Ø#k. ZO^ΰ=•#O>è l‚¬ìÞ (*ìý<ÍOãk†Ç°=ò) "Œä›½ø
(H›ö~àOãk†Ç°=ò)Ð D ï~O_È° WOãk†Ç°=ò•° <Ë\÷†Ç°O^ΰ =ô#ßq.
‰×s~¡=ò †³òH›ø U ~ò`Ç~¡ JOQ®=ò…Õ#° ï~O_È° WOãk†Ç°=ò•° XöH KË@
…è=ô. Z=òH› 䛀_¨ ^ÎO`Ç~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ <Ë\÷…Õ H›x„²OKÇ°#°. D ㄬHê~¡"Í°
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò…Õ r=#°à䛽ë_È°, `Ç`ÇÞAý_È° J~ò# =°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µ}÷â 䛀_¨ <Ë\÷`Ë
‹¬=¶#=òQê<Í KǶ_È=…ÿ#°. ª•=¶#¼=òQê <Ë~¡° Z„¬C_ȶ =ü‹¬°ä›½<Í
†ÇòO_È°#°. Hêx, Hùxß qt+¬“ ㄬ‹¬#ß ‹¬=°†Ç°=ò•…Õ <Ë~¡° `³~¡°KÇ°Hù#°#°.
J„¬C_È° JO^ΰ…Õ ^ÎO`Ç=ò•° H›#|_È<Œ~¡Oa•OKÇ°#°. W^Í q^•Î=òQê
l*ìý‹¬°=ô `Œ~¡‹¬„¬_•#„¬ô_È° J@°=O\÷ =°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µ•° q‰õ+¬=òQê
ㄬ‹¬#°ß•Q®°^ΰ~¡°. J„¬C_È° „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞƒÕ^•Î ㄬH›\÷`Ç=°Q®°#°.
12 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

''ã|¶†Çò— ‹²ßQ®œ‹¬¼ t+¬¼‹¬¼ Q®°~¡"Ë Q®°‚¬ì¼=°„¬ô¼`Ç I


(ãj=°^¥Ä•, 11, 8, 10, 13, 3)
''Q®¶_•È°L `Ç`ÇëÞ # ª•^•Î° ^ΰ~Œ=‚²ì I P~¡`Ç Jk•Hês [‚¬ì– ‡•=‚²ì– IIÑÑ
(=¶#‹¬, 1Ð110Ð1)
ƒ•ì==ò:Ð ‹¬O`Ç°•° l*ìý‹¬°=ô•~ò# Jk•Hê~¡°•°
•ƒ•’¼=°~ò#„¬C_È° "Œi=^Îí ZO`Ç\÷ ~¡‚¬ì‹¬¼=ò<³á##¶ ^¥KÇ~¡°.
^ζ_È ^ÎQ®¾~¡ä›½ =zó#„¬C_È° U q^•Î=òQê P=ô ‡Ú^ΰQ®°…Õ
‡••°xO_È°<Ë J^Íq^•Î=òQê l*ìý‹¬°=ô `Ç#䛽 `Œ~¡‹¬„¬_•#„¬C_È°
=°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µx H›$„¬ä›€_¨ ‡ÚOy‡Ú~¡°•#°. l*ìý‹¬°=ô `Ç# l*ìý‹¬ä›½ `Çy#
q^•Î=òQê ZO`Ç *ìý#=ò f‹¬°Hù#Q®•_Ë JO`Í f‹²Hù#°#°.
3. Z•Á~¡ä›€ J#°ƒ•’="³°Ø# q+¬†Ç°O
U =‹¬°ë=ô ㇕„²ëïHá##° XH› ''x~Œà}=òÑÑ =°i†³òH› ''J<ÍÞ+¬}ÑÑ
†ÇòO_È°#°. ㇕„¬OzH› =‹¬°ë=ô•ä›½ x~Œà}=òO_È°#°. „¬~¡=¶`Çà
`Ç`ŒëÞxH÷ J<ÍÞ+¬} †ÇòO_È°#°. Z•Á„¬C_ȶ L#ß^¥xH÷ J<ÍÞ+¬} LO_È°#°.
#¶`Ç# =‹¬°ë=ô x~Œà}=ò#䛽 KŒ…ì ‹¬=°†Ç°=ò „¬@°“#°. HùO`Ç
Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò Hê=•†Çò#°. ㄬ†Ç°`Çß=ü K͆ǰ=•†Çò#°. Z•Á„¬C_ȶ LO_Í
=‹¬°ë=ô#° `ÇH›Æ}O ‡ÚO^Î=KÇ°ó#°. ZO^ΰH›O>è, Jk ‹¬Þ`Ç— ‹²^Îœ"³°Ø#k. ^¥xx
‡ÚO^ΰ@䛽 Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò K͆ǰ=•‹²# „¬x…è^ΰ. ^¥x"³á„¬ô ^Î$+²“x =°o¤OKÇ°@
=¶ã`Ç"Í° J=‹¬~¡=ò. ^Î$+²“ =°o¤# "³O@<Í Jk •a•OKÇ°#°. w`Ç…Õ W@°Á
K³„¬æ|_•#k.
J‹²Öª•ß†Çò‰×ó =°*ìû KÇ *ìh=°— „²`Ç$`ËQ®°}ì— I
`ÇÞVêàO‹¬O ‰Õ}÷`ÇO KÍu =¶`Ç$*ì#¼„² ‰×Ãã‰×Ã=° II
(=°‚¬ðЉ§Ou)
‰×s~¡=°O^Îe Z=òH›•° (J‹²Ö), H›O_È~¡=ò•° (ª•ß†Çò), =ü•°Q®° (=°[û)
g\÷x `ÇOã_•#°O_• ‹¬Oƒ•’qOKÇ°#@°ÁQ® `³e‹²HùO\÷x. J^Íq^•Î=òQ® KÇ~¡à=ò,
=¶O‹¬=ò, ~¡H›ë=ò `ÇeÁ#°O_• ㇕„²ëOz#@°ÁQ®#° qx†ÇòO\÷x.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 13

''J<Œk`ŒÞxß~¡°¾}`ŒÞ`Çæ~¡=¶`Œà†Ç°=°=¼†Ç°— I
‰×s~¡ªéÖ-„² HÒO`͆ǰ # H›~Ëu # e„¬¼`Í II (w`Ç 13Ð31)
J<Œk†Ç°¿@KÍ, x~¡°¾}°_ñ@KÍ ~ü Jq<Œt†³Ø°# „¬~¡=¶`Çà
‰×s~¡=°O^ΰO_• 䛀_È K͆Çò#^Íg° …è^ΰ. ^¥x`Ë ‹¬OQ®=°=ò <ùO^Î_È°.
J<Œk†³Ø°#@°=O\÷, Q®°}~¡‚²ì`Ç"³°Ø#@°=O\÷, Jq<Œt†³Ø°#@°=O\÷
~ü „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò ‰×s~¡=ò…Õ L#ß„¬æ\÷H©, rqK͆ÇòKÇ°#ß
H›~¡à•†Ç°O^ΰ e„¬ë=òQê^ΰ. `Œ`Çæ~¡¼"Í°=°#Qê, H›~¡ë$`ÇÞ ƒ•ÕH›ë$`ÇÞ=ò•°,
„¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò …è䛽O_¨ KÍ‹¬°HË=•‹²# „¬x…è^ΰ. ZO^ΰH›O>è nx
JH›~¡ë$`ÇÞ=ò =°i†Çò xiÁ„¬ë`Ç ‹¬Þ`Ç—‹²^Îí"³°Ø#"Í.
‰×s~¡=ò…Õ `Œ#° LO\÷#x JOwH›iOz#„¬æ\÷H÷ `Œ#° H›~¡ëHê^ΰ,
ƒ•ÕH›ëHê^ΰ. U ‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ `Œ#° ^Í‚¬ì=ò…Õ L<Œß#x J#°ä›½O\ì_Ë P
‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ ä›€_¨ "Œ‹¬ë"ŒxH÷ JH›ø_È°O_È_È°. Hê~¡}O Ð ‹¬¶~¡°¼xH÷
J=¶"Œ‹¬¼`Ë ‹¬O†³¶Q®"³°#ß_ȶ LO_È^ΰ. W>èÁ, KÍ`Ç# `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#䛽
[_ȉ×s~¡=ò`Ë ‹¬O†³¶Q®=ò Z#ß_ȶ LO_È^ΰ. H›#°H›, [_È‹¬O†³¶Q®=ò…Õ
‹²Öu (^Í‚¬ì=ò) öH=•=ò KÍ`Ç#=ò †³òH›ø =¶#¼`džͰ (Q®°iëO„¬ô) `Ç„¬æ
~òOöHq°†Çü…è^ΰ. `Ç#…Õ H›~¡ë$`ÇÞ ƒ•ÕH›ë$`ÇÞ=ò =¶#¼`Ç. =¶#¼`Ç ‡é~òOk.
JO>è ㇕„²ë J~ò#^Î#ß=¶>è. =¶#¼`Ç#° `ǼlOKÇ°@䛽 ãH÷†Ç° H›~¡à K͆Çò
J=‹¬~¡=ò …è^ΰ. Hêh ƒ•ì==ò (JOwH›iOKÇ°@), ƒÕ^•Î (`³e‹²Hù#°@) =òY¼=ò.
ãH÷†Ç° (H›~¡à) K͆Çò@=•# =°#䛽 U J#°ƒ•’==ò H›•°Q®°<Ë, Jk
`Ç`ŒëÞ#°ƒ•’==ò Hê<Í~¡^ΰ. ZO^ΰH›O>è, ãH÷†Ç° (H›~¡à) K͆Çò@=•#
L`Çæ#ß"³°Ø# =‹¬°ë=ô`Ë<Í ‹¬O†³¶Q®=°Q®°#°. J#°`Çæ#ß `Ç`ŒëÞ#°ƒ•’==ò
ãH÷†Ç° (ãH÷†Ç°•) J‹¬OQ®O (xiÁ„¬ë`Ç) =•#<Í †Ç°Q®°#°. ãH÷†Ç°`Ë JO>è
''=°=° †³¶x~¡à‚¬ì^£ ã|‚¬ìà `Ç‹²à#¾~¡Ä•O ^Î^•¥=°¼‚¬ì"£° I
‹¬Oƒ•’=— ‹¬~¡Þƒ•’¶`Œ<ŒO `Ç`˃•’=u ƒ•ì~¡`Ç II (w`Ç 14Ð3)
‹¬~¡Þ†³¶x+¬µ HÒO`͆ǰ =ü~¡ë†Ç°— ‹¬Oƒ•’=Ou †Ç¶— I
`Œª•O ã|‚¬ìà =°‚¬ì^˼x~¡‚¬ìO c[ㄬ^Η „²`Œ II (w`Ç 14Ð4)
14 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò`Ë `Ç`ÇëÞ*ìý#=ò H›•°Q®^ΰ. JO`ÍQêH›, XH› #¶`Ç# J=‹¬Ö


`džǶ~¡Q®°#°. L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽 ã`Œ_È°g°^Î #_È==…ÿ#O>è Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò K͆Çò^ΰ~¡°.
P `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç<Í #_È=Q®•~¡°. J@°Á K͆ǰxKË ãH÷O^Î „¬_È°^ΰ~¡°. ï~O_È=
q+¬†Ç°=ò Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò K͆ǰ=•†Çò#O>è, "³ò^Î\÷ Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò#°
~¡^ΰ턬~¡z K͆ǰ=•†Çò#°. †³¶Q® ^Î~¡Å#=ò…Õ K³„¬æ|_•#k Ð
''`Çã`Ç‹²Ö`Œ†Ç°`Ë߃•ì¼‹¬—ÑÑ (1/13). U^³á<Œ XH› q+¬†Ç°=ò…Õ ‹²Ö~¡`ÇÞ=ò
‡ÚO^¥•O>è „¬ô#—Є¬ô#— ㄬ†Ç°`Çß=ò K͆Çò@<Í Jƒ•ì¼‹¬¬=°O^ΰ~¡°. =°#=ò
ㄬ†Ç°`Çß=ò K͆ÇòKÇ°<Œß=°O>è, "³°^Î\÷ ㄬ†Ç°`Ç®ß=ò ~¡^ΰí K͆Çò^ΰ=ò.
J„¬C_È° ï~O_È= ㄬ†Ç°`Çß=ò K͆Çò^ΰ=ò. ï~O_È= ㄬ†Ç°`Çß=ò ~¡°^ΰíKÍ‹²
=ü_È= ㄬ†Ç°`Çß=ò K͆Çò^ΰ=ò. `Œ`Çæ~¡¼"Í°=°#Qê, =°#=ò *ìý#=ò#°
~¡^ΰí K͆ÇòKÇ°#ß„¬C_Í Jƒ•ì¼ª•=‹¬~¡=ò H›•°Q®°`Ç°Ok. HêxKË Jƒ•ì¼‹¬
P=‰×¼H›`Ç U=ò#ßk?
‰×s~¡=ò…Õ „¬i=~¡ë#=ò …èH› q†³¶Q®=ò …èx U ‹¬O=`Çž~¡=ò Hêx,
=¶‹¬=òHêx, k#=òHêx, Q®O@Hêx, z=~¡ä›½ H›Æ}=òHêx LO_È^ΰ. Wk
JO^ÎiH© J#°ƒ•’="Í°. Hêx, KÍ`Ç#, `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò q+¬†Ç°=ò…Õ ‹¬O=`Çž~¡, =¶‹¬,
k#, Q®O@, =°i†Çò x=ò+¬=ò•…Õ<³á# Z„¬C_ȶ „¬i=~¡ë#=ò …èH›
q†³¶Q®=ò•°O_È=ô. J#Qê Wk x`Ǽ†³¶Q®=ò. KÍ`Ç#`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò
(‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò) †³òH›ø x`Œ¼#°ƒ•’==ò 䛀_È JO^ÎiH© LO_È°#°. L^¥— D
~ËA <Í#° D q^•Î=òQê L<Œß#°, ƒì…ì¼=‹¬Ö…Õ ~ò@°Á LO\÷x, D
q^•Î=òQê KÇ^ΰ=ôKÇ°O\÷x Ð W@°Á K³„¬C@ =¶ã`Ç=ò KÍ`Ç<Í ‰×s~¡=ò,
ãH÷†Ç°, „¬i‹²Ö`Ç°•° =¶~¡°æK³Ok#=x <Í#° =¶ã`Ç=ò =¶~¡°æK³O^Î…è^Îx
x~¡¶„²O„¬|_•#k. WH›ø_È ''<Í#°ÑÑ „¬i=~¡ë<Œ ~¡‚²ì`Ç°_È<Í =¶@ |°°A"³á#k.
J#Qê ‰×s~Œ^ΰ• „¬i=~¡ë#, J#°ƒ•’==ò JO^ÎiH© L#ßk. Hêx ‹¬Þ†Ç°O
„¬i=~¡ë#, J#°ƒ•’=O Z=iH© …è^ΰ. rq `Ç# H›~¡à„¦¬•=ò• ##°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@
Hù~¡ä›½ Z#|k<Œ•°Q®° •H›Æ• †³¶#°•…ÕxH÷ "³ˆ×ä#°. #~¡H›
‹¬Þ~¡¾…ÕH›=ò•…ÕxH÷ 䛀_¨ "³ˆ×ä#° Ð Jx K³„¬C@ =•# Z#|k <Œ•°Q®° •H›Æ•
†³¶#°•° "³#°H›|_•#=x†Çò#°. ‹¬Þ~¡¾#~¡H›=ò•° Q®¶_È "³#°H›|_•#=x†Çò#°
Hêx "Œ_È° J@°•<Í L<Œß_È#ß=¶@ |°°A"³á#k. †³¶#°•° (‰×s~¡=ò•°)
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 15

=¶~¡°#° Hêx r=ô_È°=¶~¡_È°. r=ô_È° XH›ø_Í. H›#°H›<Í J<ÍH› †³¶#°•…Õ,


J<ÍH› …ÕH›=ò•…Õ "Œ_Í ãƒ•’=°}=ò K³O^ΰ`Ƕ LO_È°#°. ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°_È°
䛀_È Jx`Ǽ „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò•° =°i†Çò H›~¡à• "³á„¬ô#°O_• ^Î$+²“x =°o¤Oz,
x`Ǽ`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò "³á„¬ô䛽 ^Î$+²“x öHOãnH›iOKÇ=°x K³„²æ<Œ_È°.
''# `ÍÞ"Œ‚¬ìO *ì`Ç° <Œ‹¬O # `ÇÞO <Í"Í° [<Œk•‡•— I
# K³á= # ƒ•’q‘•¼=°— ‹¬ö~Þ =†Ç°=°`Ç— „¬~¡"£° IIÑÑ (w`Ç 2Ð12)
<Í#° U Hê•=ò##¶ …è#@¶Á Hê^ΰ, h=ô …è#@¶Á Hê^ΰ. …èH› D
~ŒA•O`Œ U Hê•=ò…Õ#¶ LO_È#@¶Á Hê^ΰ. JO`ÍHê^ΰ =°#=°O^Î~¡=ü
䛀_¨ =òO^ΰ ƒ•’q+¬¼`Ç°ë…Õ =°m¤ (rqOz) LO_ȃÕ=°h Hê^ΰ. <Í#°
H›$+¬â~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ#°, h=ô J~¡°û#°x ~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ#°, J^Íq^•Î=òQê g~¡O^Î~¡¶
~ŒA• ~¡¶„¬ô•…Õ#¶ „¬î~¡Þ=ò …è䛽O_•i. =°i WH› =òO^ΰ䛀_È LO_È~¡°.
Hêx, '‹¬`ŸÑ ~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ =°#=°O^Î~¡=ò (r==¶ã`Ç°•=ò) „¬î~¡Þ=ò
LO\÷q°. WH› =òO^ΰ䛀_È LO_³^Î=ò. ‰×s~¡„¬~¡=òQê <Í#°, h=ô J^Í
q^•Î=òQê D ~ŒA•° Ð =òQ®°¾~¡"³°Ø<Œ=ò. Hêx, '‹¬`ŸÑ „¬~¡OQê JO^Î~¡=ü XH›>è!
D ƒ•ì==ò P`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ ‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø#k. ‰×s~¡ ‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø#k Hê^ΰ.
"Œª•O‹² r~Œâx †Ç¶^Š¥ q‚¬ð†Ç° #"Œx Q®$‚¬ðâu #~Ë-„¬~Œ}÷ I
`Ç^Š¥ ‰×s~Œ}÷ q‚¬ð†Ç° r~Œâ#¼<Œ¼x ‹¬O†Ç¶u #"Œx ^Í‚Ôì II
(w`Ç 2/22)
U q^•Î=òQê =¶#=ô_È° ‡•`Ç =㪕ë•#° =keÌ„\÷“, ãHù`Çë =㪕ë•#°
^•ÎiOKÇ°<Ë, J>èÁ D r"Œ`Çà 䛀_È ‡•`Ç ‰×s~Œ•#° q_•z ãHù`Çë ‰×s~Œ•° ^•Îi‹¬°ëOk.
=㋬ë=ò•° J<ÍH›=ò•°O_È°#°. Hêx ^•ÎiOKÇ°"Œ_È° XH›ø_Í.
‡•`Ç|@“•° q_•z# =¶#=ô_È° =°~¡}÷OKÇ_È°. J@°•<Í "Íö~ =¢‹¬ë=ò•°
^•ÎiOKÇ@ =•# ï~O_È= [#à<³`Çë_È°. =°~¡}÷OKÇ°@, [xàOKÇ°@ ‰×s~¡=ò•öH
Hêx '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ (P`Çà)䛽 LO_È=ô. Z=ï~á`Í J<ÍH› †³¶#°•…Õ J<ÍH› ‹¬°Y^ΰ—
Y=ò•° J#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°<Ë J`Ç_È° ‹¬Þ†Ç°=òQê ^Íx†Ç°O^ζ z䛽øHù#_È°.
J\÷“"Œ_È° ZH›ø_³á<Œ ^ÍH÷H›~ò<Œ |^ΰœ_³á z䛽øHùx ‡é~ò#KË, D Z#|k
<Œ•°Q®°•H›Æ• †³¶#°• ##°ƒ•’qOKÇ°#^³=Þ~¡°? WH›ø_È JO^ÎiH©
16 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

ㄬ`ǼHÆê#°ƒ•’="Í°=°#Qê, Z•Á"͈ׅì =°#=ò *ìãQ®^¥=‹¬Ö…Õ LO_È=ò.


‹¬Þ‡•ß=‹¬Ö…Õ LO_È=ò. J>èÁ ‹¬=¶k•‹²Öu…Õ#¶ LO_È=ò. Hêx, '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ
(P`Çà) D Jxß J=‹¬Ö•…Õ#°, "Í~¡°Qê LO_Ík. =°i†Çü g\÷ Jxß\÷H÷
'*ìý`ÇÑ䛀_¨. Jxß J=‹¬Ö•…Õ Jxß „¬i‹²Ö`Ç°•…Õ, Jxß ãH÷†Ç°•…Õ, Jxß
„¬^¥~¡Ö=ò• †³òH›ø ‹¬O†³¶Q® q†³¶Q®=ò•#° Z=_È° `³e‹²Hù#°<Ë "Œ_È°
Ð ''‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑÑ(P`Çà), XH›ø_Í! XH›"Íˆ× '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ (P`Çà) XöH J=‹¬Ö…Õ
b#"³°Ø†ÇòO_• #@Á~ò`Í ï~O_È= ^¥x…Õ Z@°Á ㄬ"ÍtOKÇQ®•_È°? `Ç#䛽
"Í~¡° J#°ƒ•’="³°@°Á H›•°Q®°#°? Hêx Jk ï~O_È= J=‹¬Ö…ÕxH÷ ‡é=ô#°.
^¥x#°O_• ''"Íö~ÑÑ J<Í J#°ƒ•’==ò ^¥xH÷ ‹¬Þ†Ç°O (P`Çà)
`Ç„¬æH›†ÇòO_È°#°. H›#°H› D Jxß J=‹¬Ö•#°O_•, Jxß „¬i‹²Ö`Ç°•#°O_•,
Jxß H›~¡à•#°O_•, Jxß „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò• #°O_• <Í#° '"Í~¡°Ñ Ð J<Í `Ç# D
J#°ƒ•’¶u<Í P^ÎiO„¬=•†Çò#°. nxöH ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç h†Ç°=•†Çò#°. nx<Í
‹¬^¥ ‹ÔÞH›iO„¬=•†Çò#°. Wk <Í~¡°ó䛽<Ík Hê^ΰ. <Í~¡°ó䛽O>è …ìƒ•’=ò䛀_¨
…è^ΰ. Hêx, XH› q^•Î"³°Ø# Ja•=¶#=ò (Q®~¡Þ=ò) U~¡æ_È°#°. D J=‹¬Ö•°
"³ò^Î…ÿá# "Œ\÷#°O_• `Ç##° "Í~¡°Qê<Í LOKǰ䛽<Í J#°ƒ•’¶ux '*ìý#=òÑ
JO^ΰ~¡°. Hêh, "Œ\÷†Ç°O^ΰ q°o`Ç=°~ò<Œ=°<Í J#°ƒ•’¶u 'J*ìý#=òÑ.
'‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ (P`Çà)…Õ H›~¡ë$`ÇÞ e„¬ë`Ç•° LO_È=ô. =¶#=ô_È° XH›„¬C_È°
XH›\÷K͆Çò#°. =°i†³òH›„¬C_È° "Í~ùH›\÷ K͆Çò#°. XH›„¬C_È° XH›^¥x…Õ
b#=°Q®°#°. =°i†³òH›„¬C_È° =°i†³òH› ^¥x†Ç°O^ΰb#=°Q®°#°. Wk
ㄬ`ǼH›Æ=òQê JO^ÎiH© J#°ƒ•’"³áH› q+¬†Ç°"Í°! H›~¡ë$`ÇÞ, e„¬ë`Ç•° Z„¬C_È°,
Z=x†Ç°O^ΰ#¶ x~¡O`Ç~¡=ü LO_È=ô. Jq Z•Á"͈ׅì =¶~¡°æK³O^ΰKǶ
LO_È°#°. =°#°A_È° Uk KÍ‹²##¶ ^¥xH÷ ‹¬=¶„²ë†ÇòO_È°#°. ^Íx…Õ
"ŒxH÷ e„¬ë`Ç (qb#`Ç) †ÇòO_È°<Ë, ^¥x`Ë q†³¶Q®=ò L„¬~¡u 䛀_¨
`Ç„¬æH›†ÇòO_È°#°. L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽— ƒ•Õ[#=ò…Õ "³ò^Î@ KŒ…ì e„¬ë`Ç
LO@°Ok, ~¡°z 䛀_¨ LO@°Ok. PYiH÷ J~¡°z 䛀_¨ H›•°Q®°#°. D
q^•Î=òQê H›~¡ë$`ÇÞ=ò, e„¬ë`Ç•° x~¡O`Ç~¡O LO_È=ô. Hêx '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ(P`Çà)
x~¡O`Ç~¡O LO_È°#°. ''‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑÑ…Õ JH›~¡ë$`ÇÞO, xiÁ„¬ë`Ç ‹¬Þ`Ç—‹²^Îœ"³°Ø#q.
=°#°A_È° H›~¡ë JQ®°#„¬C_È° 䛀_¨ '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ LO_È°#°. H›~¡ëQê …è#„¬C_È°
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 17

䛀_¨ '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ LO_È°#°. ^Íx†Ç°O^Î~ò# e„¬ôë_È~ò#„¬C_È° 䛀_¨ '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ


LO_È°#°. ^Íx†Ç°O^Î~ò# e„¬ôë_È~ò LO_ÈH›‡é~ò##¶ '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ
LO_È°#°. =°#O XH›„¬C_È° 䛀~¡°óO^ΰ=ò. XH›„¬C_È° xã^·é=ô^ΰ=ò.
=°i†³òH›„¬C_È° ZH›ø_•ïHá##¶ "³ˆ×ä^ΰ=ò. Z=i<³á<Œ H›eÌ‹^Î=ò.
W=x߆Çò "Í~¡°"Í~¡°Qê WH›ø_È, JH›ø_È [iy#q. Hêh ''=°#OÑÑ XH›ø~¡"Í°
J~ò†Çò<Œß=ò. H›#°H› '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ U q^•Î"³°Ø# =¶~¡°æ K³O^Î䛽O_¨ J^Í su#
LO_È°#° J<Í q+¬†Ç°=ò „¬îiëQê q"ÍH›=ò`Ë x~Œœ~¡} J~ò#k. WO^ΰ…Õ
''ãH÷†Ç°ÑÑ J=‹¬~¡"Í°q°\÷?
`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò ‹¬Þ`Ç‚¬ðQê ª•Þƒ•ìqH› =°~ò#^Îx `Œ`Çæ~¡¼=ò. ^¥xx
‡ÚO^ΰ@䛽 Z@°=O\÷ ã‰×=° J=‹¬~¡O …è^ΰ. Jk ‹¬O„¬î~¡â ^͉×, Hê•, ãH÷†Ç°,
=‹¬°ë, =¼H÷ë, J=‹¬Ö, ‹¬O„¦¬°@#, „¬i‹²Öu "³ò^ΕQ®° JxßO\÷…Õ#¶ 'L#ßkÑ
(‹¬`Ÿ) ~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ LO_È°#°. ^͉×, Hê…ì^ΰ•~ò`Í LO_È=ô Hêx, `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò
LO_È°#°. ^͉×Hê…ì^ΰ•° qHê~¡=ò•°. Hêx, `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò xiÞHê~¡ ~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ
Z@°Á#ß^Ë J>èÁ LO_•‡é=ô#°. Z„¬C_È~ò`Í ª•^•Î䛽_È° `Ç#…Õ†Çò#ß
'`Ç#Ñ#° "Í~¡°Qê KǶKÇ°Hù#°<Ë J#Qê J`Çx…Õ '<Í#°Ñ("³°Ø„¬<£) J<Í
ƒ•ì==ò, „¬izó•#ß`Ç (q_•†ÇòO_È°@), =¼H÷ë`ÇÞ=ò•°O_È"Ë, J„¬C_È°
'`Ç`ÇëÞ=òÑ =¶ã`Ç=ò LO_•‡é=ô#°. J#Qê Jk J#°ƒ•’==ò#䛽 =KÇ°ó#°.
`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò J<Œk, J#O`Ç=ò =°i†Çò ‹¬Þ`Ç‹²ž^Îœ"³°Ø#q. ^¥xx
†³°@°Á#ß^Ë J>èÁ `³e‹²Hù#=•†Çò#°. `³e‹²Hù#ß „²=°à@ J^Í q^•Î=òQê
Jk J>èÁ LO_È°#°. <Í#° ~òxß k#=ò•° J*ìýxQê LO\÷x, <Íx„¬C_È°
*ìýx<³áux …èH› <Œ J*ìý#=ò `ù•y‡é~ò#k. JO`ÍQêH› <Œä›½
*ìý<Ë^Άǰ=°~ò#k. *ìý#ƒÕ^•Î J#O`Ç~¡=ò ~ò\÷“ J#°ƒ•’==ò•° Ug
䛀_¨ LO_ȃÕ=x `Œ`Çæ~¡¼=ò.
㇕„¬OzH› x=$uë =°i†Çò „¬~¡=¶`Çà ㇕„²ë ‹¬Þ`Ç‚¬ðQê L#ß"Í. x`Ǽ
x=$uëöH x=$uë†Ç°Q®°#°. x`Ǽ ㇕„²ëöH ㇕„²ë†Ç°Q®°#°. "Œ‹¬ë"ŒxH÷ x=$uë …è^ΰ
Р㇕„²ë …è^ΰ. H›#°H›<Í `Ç`ÇëÞ*ìý#=ò H›ey# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç x=$fë LO_È^ΰ.
㇕„²ë LO_È^ΰ. Hêh, x=$uë, ㇕„²ë, ^Î$+²“ (=¶#¼`Ç) `ù•y‡é=ô#°. =°i Ð
`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò =¶ã`Ç=ò †Ç°^Š¥`Ç^ŠÎ=òQê LO_•‡é=ô#°. D q^•Î=òQê<Í
18 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

"Œ‹¬ë"ŒxH÷ *ìý#=ò …è^ΰ. J*ìý#=ü …è^ΰ. <Í\÷ =~¡ä›€ U *ìýx …è䛽O_³#°.


ㄬ‹¬°ë`Ç=ò …è_È° Ð =òO^ζ LO_È_È°. LO_È*ì•_È°. Hê~¡}"Í°=°O>è
*ìý#=ò…Õ =¼H÷ë`ÇÞ=ò …è^ΰ. Hê=ô# *ìý#=ò Ð *ìýx, J*ìý#=ò Ð J*ìýx,
D ~ò^Îí~¡¶ J*ìý#°• ^Î$+²“…Õ =¶ã`Ç"Í° L<Œß~¡°. Hê=ô# ª•^•Î䛽_È°
ãQ®‚²ìO„¬|_•<Œ_È°. ‹²^ΰœ_È° ‹¬Þ`Ç‹²ž^ΰœ_³á<Œ_È°.
ㄬ‰×ß—Ð „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ ã‡•„²ë ZO`Ç ‹¬°Q®=°=°~ò#^ÎO>è Ð
öH=•=ò J@° ^Î$+²“ ㄬ‹¬iOz# =¶ã`Ç=ò<Í Jk ㇕„¬ë=°Q®°#°. Jk JO`Ç
‹¬°•ƒ•’=°~ò#^Î~ò`Í JO^ΰ ƒì^•Î U=ò#ßk?
‹¬=¶^•¥#=ò—Ð U su…Õ J~ò`Í ã‡•„¬OzH› =‹¬°ë=ô•° =°#䛽
•ƒ•’¼=°Q®°<Ë, J^Í su…Õ „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë 䛀_È JQ®°#<Í ƒ•ì=#
„¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë q+¬†Ç°=ò…Õ KŒ…ì J=~Ë^•ÎH›~¡=ò. ㇕„¬OzH›
=‹¬°ë㇕„²ë J~ò`Í H›~¡à=•# JQ®°#°. Hêx, „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë H›~¡à=•#
HêH› ƒ•ì==ò`Ë#° ƒÕ^•Î`Ë#° JQ®°#°. ZO^ΰ=•##Qê ㇕„¬OzH›
=‹¬°ë=ô•#~ò`Í =°#=ò `džǶ~¡° K͆ǰ=•†Çò#°, L`Çæ#ß=ò K͆ǰ=•†Çò#°.
ZH›ø_• #°O_Ë f‹¬°ä›½~Œ=•†Çò#°. "Œ\÷ Hù~¡ä›½ ZH›ø_•ïHá##¶ "³ˆ×Á=•†Çò#°.
Hêx, „¬~¡=¶`Çà#° `džǶ~¡°K͆ǰ=•‹²# „¬x…è^ΰ. L`Çæ#ß=ò K͆ǰ=•‹²#
„¬x…è^ΰ. ZH›ø_È#°O_™ f‹¬°ä›½~Œ=•‹²# „¬x…è^ΰ. ^¥x Hù~¡ä›½ ZH›ø_•H©
"³ˆ×¤=•‹²# J=‹¬~¡=ò …è^ΰ. „¬~¡=¶`Çà ‹¬O„¬î~¡â ^͉×, Hê•, =‹¬°ë, =¼H÷ë,
„¬i‹²Öu, ‹¬O„¦¬°@#, J=ª•Ö^ΰ•…Õ †Ç°^Š¥`Ç^ŠÎ=òQê ㄬu+²»`Ç°_³á LO_È°#°.
P†Ç°# ㇕„²ëHù~¡ä›½ |•"³°Ø# l*ìý‹¬ …è^ΰ. H›#°H› P†Ç°# ㇕„²ë =°#䛽
•a•OKÇ°@ …è^ΰ. =°#=ò ‰×s~¡=ò`Ë UH›`ÇÞ=ò#° P‡•kOKÇ°Hùx
‹¬°Y=ò• ##°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@†Í° =°#䛽 l*ìý‹¬ …èH›‡é=ô@䛽 Hê~¡}=ò.
MՆǶ H›À‚ì ªé ƒì=~Œ, ‡•†Ç¶ H›À‚ì ªé 䛀~Ÿ I
‡•†Ç¶, MՆǶ 䛽KŸ #‚Ôì, *Õ¼OÐHêÐ`˼O ƒ•’~¡„¬î~Ÿ II
U^Ë ‡éQù@°“䛽<Œß##° Hù#°"Œ_È° „²zó"Œ_È°. U^Ë ^ùiH÷Ok J#ß"Œ_È°
=ü~¡°š_È°. "Œ‹¬ë==ò#䛽 Z=~¡¶ Un ‡éQù@°“HË…è^ΰ. ‡ÚO^Î…è^ΰ. L#ß^Í^Ë
‹¬O„¬î~¡â=òQê LO_È<Í LOk.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 19

l*ìý‹¬ …è#O^ΰ#° ‰×s~¡ ‹¬°Yƒ•ÕQê^ΰ•…Õ Hù@°“q°@°“…ì_È°^ΰ=ò. =•…Õ


„¬_•# KÍ„¬ Uq^•Î=òQê#~ò`Í `Ç„²æOKÇ°Hùx =òO^ΰ䛽 ‡é*ì•^Ë, J…ìöQ
㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°Yƒ•ÕQê•##°ƒ•’qOKÍ =°x+² „¬~¡=¶`Çà "³á„¬ô#䛽 ‡é*ì•_È°.
J#Qê `Ç# ^Î$+²“x „¬~¡=¶`Çà "³á„¬ô#䛽 =°o¤O„¬*ì•_È°. JO`ÍHê^ΰ,
㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°Y, ƒ•ÕQ®, ‹¬OãQ®‚¬ì=ò•O^ΰ P‹¬H÷ëQ®• =¶#=ô_È° „¬~¡=¶`Çà
㇕„²ëx Q®°iOz U@°=O\÷ x‰×ó†Ç°=ò KÍ‹²Hù#*ì•_È°.
‹¬°Y=ò•#° J#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@†Ç°#Qê, `Ç# q"ÍH›=ò#° J<Œ^Î~¡}
K͆Çò@†Í°. =°#°A_È° `Ç# q"ÍH›=ò#öH (P`Œà<Œ`Çà q"ÍKÇ#=ò)
㇕=òY¼`Ç xzó#@Á~ò`Í ‹¬°Mì•##°ƒ•’qOKÇ<Í …è_È°. ZO^ΰH›O>è,
ƒ•ÕQ®¼=‹¬°ë=ô#° ‰§‰×Þ`ÇO (‹²Ö~¡=ò) J#°Hù#ß„¬C_Í ‹¬°Yƒ•ÕQê•°
J#°ƒ•’qO„¬|_È°#°. "Œ\÷x z~¡ª•Ö~ò (‰§‰×Þ`ÇO) J#°HË䛽O_¨=ôO>è Jq
‹¬°Yƒ•ÕQê…è Hê=ô. ‰×s~¡=ò, ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò Z„¬C_ȶ „¬i=~¡ë# K³O^ΰ`Ç°<Í
LO_È°#°. XH›ø H›Æ}=ò 䛀_¨ Jq ‹²Ö~¡=òQê LO_È=ô.
W@°Á q"ÍH›=ò H›ey# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç =¶#=ô_È° ㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°Y=ò•#°
J#°ƒ•’qO„¬*ì•_È°. Hê~¡}"Í°=°O>è, q"ÍH›=ò *ìQ®$`Ç"³°Ø# „²=°à@
=¶#=ôx ‹²Öu ‰×s~¡=ò…Õ LO_È^ΰ. ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ LO_È°#°. J#Qê
^Í‚¬ð`Çà|°kœ ‡é=ô#°. H›#°H›<Í =¶#=ô_È° `Ç# q"ÍH›=ò#䛽 ㇕=òY¼`Ç
h†Ç°=•†Çò#°. J‹¬•° =°#°+¬µ¼_Í `Ç# q"ÍH›=ò#䛽 ㇕=òY¼`Ç ~ò=ÞxKË
K³@°“ W‹¬°ëO^¥? „¬‰×Ã=ô W‹¬°ëO^¥? =°x+²H©, „¬‰×Ã=ô䛀 `Í_¨ Uq°\÷?
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò…Õ U =‹¬°ë=ô ‹²Ö~¡=ò Hê^ΰ. ㄬu =‹¬°ë=î, ㄬuH›Æ}=ò
<Œ‰×<Ë#°àY"³°Ø ‡é=ôKÇ°#ßk. D q+¬†Ç°=ò <Í~¡°óHù#=•‹²Ok Hê^ΰ. Hêh,

ƒ•ÕïQá‰×Þ~¡¼ã„¬‹¬Hêë<ŒO `džǶ„¬‚¬ì$`Ç KÍ`Ǫ•"£° I


=¼=ª•†Ç¶uàHê |°kœ— ‹¬=¶^•ñ # qn•†Ç°`Í II (w`Ç 2Ð44)
P „¬ô+²æ`Ç (ƒ•ÕïQá‰×Þ~¡¼=ò•#° =iâOKÍ) "Œ}÷ ("Œä›½ø)KÍ Z=i JO`Ç—
H›~¡}=ò ƒ•ÕQ®=ò• g°^Î䛽 PH›iÂO„¬|_È°<Ë, =°i†Çò S‰×Þ~¡¼=òÌ„á Z=~¡°
J`ǼO`Œ‹¬ä›½ë…ÿá †ÇòO^ΰ~Ë, "ŒiH÷ „¬~¡=¶`Çà ‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø# 'x‰×ó†Ç¶`ÇàH›Ñ
|°kœ LO_È^ΰ.
20 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

`³e‹²Hù#^Îy#k, J#°ƒ•’qO„¬^Îy#g#°. Wk J#°ƒ•’qOz# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç


㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°M심H÷ë LO_È^ΰ. Wk J#°ƒ•’"³áH› "Í^μ=ò.
4. J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò Ð ^¥x x=$uë
rq |O^•Î<ŒxH÷ =ü•Hê~¡}O J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò, D J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò
ï~O_È° q^•Î=ò•°.
1. J„¬~Œ([_È=ò) ㄬH›$u ^•¥`Ç°~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò (w`Ç 7Ð4, 13Ð5)
nxx J‚¬ìO=$uë (=$uë~¡¶„¬ ‹¬q°+²“ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò) Jx 䛀_È JO^ΰ~¡°.
2. KÍ`Ç#=ò ^¥Þ~Œ J„¬~Œ ㄬH›$u`Ë Q®°iëO„¬|_•# ‹¬O|O^•Î=ò`Ë
H›eöQ `Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò. nx# z[û_ÈãQ®Ok• (ãQ®Ok•~¡¶„¬ =¼+²“
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò) Jx 䛀_È JO\ì~¡°.
^•¥`Ç°~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò…Õ ^Ë+¬"Í°g° …è^ΰ. ZO^ΰ=•#O>è D
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò =°#‹¬°ž, |°kœ, WOãk†Ç°=ò•° "³ò^Î…ÿá#"Œ\÷=…ÿ<Í H›~¡}
(ª•^•Î#=ò) =¶ã`Ç"Í°. H›#°H› ‹¬O„¬î~¡â ^Ë+¬ `Œ^¥`Çà J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò…Õ
J#Qê ^Í‚¬ða•=¶#=ò…Õ<Í Ð ''^Í‚¬ða•=¶xx ‹¬^ÍÞ^Ë‘•—㇕^ΰ~¡Ä•=OuÑÑ
r=#°àH›ë `Ç`ÇëÞ[ý ƒ•’Q®=ã`Íæ=°†³Ø°# =°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µx †Ç°O^ΰ `Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò (‹¬~¡Þ^¥) Jxß q^•Î=ò•°Qê#° …Õ„²OKÍ (Jƒ•ì==ò) LO_È°#°.
H›#°H›, `Ç#^Îx K³„¬CHù<Í ‰×s~¡=ò ^¥Þ~Œ [iöQ Jxß ãH÷†Ç°•°ä›€_¨
^•¥`Ç°~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò #°O_Í [~¡°Q®°#°. Hêh, [_È ã„¬H›$u†³òH›ø Hê~¡¼
‰×s~¡=ò#° `Ç# ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=òQê<Í Q®°iëOKÇ°@=•# =°#°+¬µ¼_È° J*ìý#=‰×Ã_³á
P ãH÷†Ç°•ä›½ (H›~¡à•ä›½) H›~¡ë##°Hù#°#°. „¦¬e`ÇOQê JO^ΰ…Õ
|Ok•O„¬|_È°#°. ''J‚¬ìOHê~¡ q=ü_•¨`Œà H›~Œë-‚¬ìq°u =°#¼`ÍÑÑ (w`Ç, 3Ð27)
1) ^•¥`Ç°~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò #°O_• [iöQãH÷†Ç°•° w`Ç…Õ Z<Ëß q^•Î=ò•
K³„¬æ|_•#q. L^¥: ‹¬O„¬î~¡â ãH÷†Ç°•° ㄬH›$u^¥Þ~Œ<Í JQ®°#° (13Ð29).
ㄬH›$u Q®°}=ò• ^¥Þ~Œ<Í ‹¬O„¬î~¡â ãH÷†Ç°•° [~¡°Q®°#° (3Ð27). Q®°}=ò…è
Q®°}=ò•…Õ ã„¬=iëOKÇ°#°. (3Ð28, 14Ð23) Q®°}=ò•#° q_•z "Íö~H›~¡ë
…è_È° (14Ð19). WOãk†Ç°=ò…è `Ç=° `Ç=° q+¬†Ç°=ò•…Õ
ㄬ=iëOKÇ°KÇ°#ßq. (5Ð9)
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 21

`Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò (<Í#° L<Œß#°) #°O_• „¬izó•#ß`Ç


(UH›^Íj†Ç°`Ç) U~¡æ_È°#°. „¬izó•#ß`Ç ~Œ=_ÈO`Ë>è ~ü J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#䛽
J<ÍH› qƒ•’[#•° =KÇ°ó#°. =~¡â, Pã‰×=°, ‰×s~¡, J=‹¬Ö, †³¶Q®¼`Ç,
‹¬O|O^•Î"Œ¼‡•~¡, ^•Î~¡àL‡•‹¬# "³ò^ΕQ®° "Œ\÷`Ë H›e„², J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#䛽
J<ÍH› qƒ•è^Î=ò …è~¡æ_È°#°. L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽 =~¡â=ò•#° f‹¬°ä›½O>è ''<Í#°
ãƒì‚¬ìà}°}÷âÑÑ, ''<Í#° H›Æãu†Çò_È#°ÑÑ "³ò^Î…ÿá#q. W^Ísu Pã‰×=°=ò•#°
f‹²HùO>è ''<Í#° ã|‚¬ìàKŒixÑÑ, ''<Í#° Q®$‚¬ì‹¬°Ö#°ÑÑ, "³ò^Î…ÿá#q ‰×s~¡=ò#°
f‹¬°ä›½O>è ''<Í#° „¬ô~¡°+¬µ_È#°ÑÑ Ð ''<Í#° ã‹ÔëxÑÑ, <Í#° †Çò=䛽_È#°, ''<Í#°
ƒì•°_È#°ÑÑ "³ò^Î…ÿá#q. †³¶Q®¼`Ç•#° f‹²HùO>è ''<Í#° KÇH›øQê
KÇ^ΰ=ô䛽#ß"Œ_È#°,ÑÑ <Í#° KÇ^ΰ=ô…èx"Œ_È#°, <Í#° `³eqQ®•"Œ_È#°ÑÑ
"³ò^Î…ÿá#q. ‹¬O|O^•Î=ò•#° f‹²HùO>è ''<Í#° `ÇOã_•xÑÑ, ''<Í#° `ÇeÁxÑÑ,
<Í#° „¬ôã`Ç°_È#°ÑÑ, ''<Í#° J^•¥¼„¬ä›½_È#°ÑÑ, ''<Í#° "Œ¼‡•ixÑÑ Ð "³ò^Î…ÿá#q.
=°`Ç=ò#° f‹¬°ä›½O>è ''<Í#° ‚²ìO^ΰ=ô#°ÑÑ, <Í#° =°‚¬ì=°àn†Çò_È#°, ''<Í#°
ãïHዬë=ô_È#°ÑÑ "³ò^Î…ÿá#q. L‡•‹¬#=ò f‹¬°ä›½O>è ''<Í#° x~¡°¾}ˇ•‹¬ä›½_È#°ÑÑ,
''<Í#° ‹¬Q®°}ˇ•‹¬ä›½_È#°ÑÑ, <Í#° ~Œ=° L‡•‹¬ä›½_È#°, ''<Í#° H›$+¬â L‡•‹¬ä›½_È#°ÑÑ
"³ò^Î…ÿá#q. D Jxß qƒ•è^Î=ò•° J‚¬ìO #°O_Í =zó#q. `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò #°O_• Hê^ΰ.
D JxßO\÷…Õ#° ''<Í#°ÑÑ J~ò`Í J<ÍH›=ò. Hêx ''L<Œß#°ÑÑ(‹¬`Ÿ) J#ßk XH›ø>è.
‹¬O„¬î~¡â‹¬$+²“ ãuQ®°}ì`ÇàH›=°~ò#k. N=°^¥Ä•Q®=`Ç=ò…Õ
J‚¬ìOH›~¡=ò =ü_È° q^•Î=ò•°Qê K³„¬æ|_•#k. ª•uëÞH›, ~Œ[‹¬, `Œ=°‹¬.
1) D `Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò ㇕}÷=¶ã`Ç=ò…Õ<Í LO_È°#°. H›#°H›
„¬‰×ĬHÆê¼^ΰ•…Õ ä›€_È `Ç=° *ìu J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò LO_È°#°. JO^ΰ=•#<Í
Jq Jxß `Ç=°*ìuH÷ K³Ok#"Œ\÷`Ë<Í H›•‹²"³°•‹²†ÇòO_È°#°. `Ç=°
*ìu…Õ<Í ‹¬O`Œ# L`ÇæuëK͆Çò#°. "Œ\÷ *ìu…Õx ㄬu[O`Ç°=ô
"Í~¡°"Í~¡°Qê J‚¬ìOHê~Œxß H›e¾†ÇòO\ì~ò. L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽: XH› gk•…Õx
䛽H›ø =°~ùH› gk…ÕxH÷ "³o`Í P gk•…Õx 䛽H›ø ^¥xx ~Œx=Þ^ΰ. ^¥x`Ë
‡é\ìÁ_È°`Ç°Ok. ''䛽`Œë ^ÍY˜ 䛽`Œë „¦¬òã~Œ†Ç¶ "³°Øƒÿá~”Œ `Ƕ H˼O P†Ç¶ÑÑ.
䛽H›ø#° KǶz 䛽H›ø 'Q®°ã~ŸÑ J#°#°. ''<ÍxH›ø_È°O_ÈQê h"³O^ΰ䛽
=zóuq? D q^•Î"³°Ø# J‚¬ìOH›~¡ƒ•è^Î=ò Jxß ã‡•}°•…Õ#° Q®•^ΰ. Wxß
ƒ•è^Î=ò•°#ß„¬æ\÷H÷h, '‹¬`ŸÑ…Õ ƒ•è^Î=ò LO_È^ΰ.
22 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

H›#°H› ‹¬`ÇëÞQ®°}, ~¡*ÕQ®°}, `Ç"³¶Q®°}=ò• †³òH›ø ƒ•è^Î=ò…ÿ#ß~ò`Í


~ü ‹¬$+²“…ÕQ®•"Ë J=x߆Çü J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò…Õ<Í †Çò#ßq. ZO`Ç=~¡ä›½
=¼+²“ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=òO_È°<Ë, JO`Ç=~¡ä›€ ª•^•Î䛽•…Õ#° =°i†Çò
ª•^•Î#=ò•…Õ ä›€_¨ ƒ•è^Î=ò•° LO_È°#°. `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë J~ò# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç
^¥~¡Åx䛽•…Õ, =°i†Çò ^Î~¡Å# ‰§ãª•ë^•Î¼†Ç°#=ò KÍ‹²# =°‚¬ìh†Çò•…Õ
HùOK³O J~ò##° =¼+²“ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò ZO`Ç=~¡ä›€ †ÇòO_È°<Ë, JO`Ç=~¡ä›½
^Î~¡Å# ƒ•è^Î=ò ("Í^¥O`ǃ•è^Î=ò) •°O_È°#°. 'J‚¬ìOÑ LO_È°@ =•#<Í
^¥~¡Åx䛽•…Õ „¬~¡‹¬æ~¡ q~Ë^•Î=ò =°i†Çò `Ç=° `Ç=° =°`Œa•=¶#=ò
(„¬H›Æ‡•`Ç=ò) LO_È°#°. ^¥x=•# `Ç=° =°`Ç=ò#° ‹¬=°iÖOKÇ°KǶ W`Ç~¡
=°`Ç=ò• YO_È#=ò K͆ÇòKÇ°O^ΰ~¡°.
'‹¬¶H›ÆàJ‚¬ì=òÑ (POtH› =¼H÷ë`ÇÞ=ò) LO_È°@=•# =°`ǃ•è^Î=ò
(Ja•ã‡•†Ç° ƒ•è^Î=ò) LO@¶<Í LO_È°#°. Hêx, `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò…Õ =°`ǃ•è^Î=ò
(Ja•ã‡•†Ç°ƒ•è^Î=ò) LO_È^ΰ. 'J‚¬ì=òÑ ‹¬O„¬î~¡â=òQê #tOz#@Á~ò`Í U
ƒ•è^Î=ò LO_È^ΰ. Hêx, `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò =¶ã`Ç=òO_È°#°. `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò…Õ 'J‚¬ì=òÑ
…è^ΰ. J‚¬ì=ò…Õ `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò …è^ΰ. J‚¬ì=ò`Ë<Í "Í~Œæ@° ƒ•ì==ò [xOKÇ°#°.
ZH›ø_È~ò`Í D "Í~Œæ@° ƒ•ì==ò LO_È°<Ë JH›ø_È ƒÕ^•Î (*ìý#=ò)
Z@°ÁO_È°#°? ZH›ø_È ƒÕ^•Î (*ìý#=ò) LO_È°<Ë JH›ø_È "Í~Œæ@° "Œ^Î=ò Z@°ÁO_È°#°?

1) <Œ¼†Ç°, "³á‰õ+²H›, †³¶Q®, ª•OY¼, „¬î~¡Þg°=¶O‹¬, L`Çë~¡g°=¶O‹¬ Ð D


P~¡° P‹²ëH› (D‰×Þ~¡ '‹¬`ŸÑ, J‹²ë`ÇÞ=ò Q®°iëOz#) ^Î~¡Å#=ò•°. <Œ¼†Ç°,
"³á‰õ+²H› ^Î~¡Å#=ò•…Õ ƒ•ºuH›`Œ ㇕^•¥#¼=ò#ßk. †³¶Q®, ª•OY¼
^Î~¡Å#=ò•…Õ ƒ•ºuH›, P^•¥¼uàH›`Ç• ï~O_•\÷ =~¡â# L#ßk.
„¬î~¡Þg°=¶O‹¬…Õ ‹¬Þ~Œâk㇕„²ë. L`Çë~¡g°=¶O‹¬ ("Í^¥O`Ç^Î~¡Å#=ò)…Õ
ã|‚¬ìà㇕„²ë =òY¼=ò. D ï~O_È° ^Î~¡Å#=ò•…Õ 'g°=¶O‹¬Ñ Jx
K³„¬C@䛽 `Œ`Çæ~¡¼"Í°=°#Qê g\÷…Õ `Ç=° qKŒ~¡=ò•ä›½, P…ÕKÇ#•ä›½
(^Î~¡Å<Œ#°ƒ•’==ò•ä›½) ㇕=òY¼`Ç …è^ΰ. ^¥xH÷ |^ΰ•°Qê "³ákH›
=°Oã`Ç=ò•g°^Î ZH›ø= P…ÕKÇ#, =°##=ò•ä›½ ㇕=òY¼`Ç
~ò=Þ|_•#k. D ï~O_•O\÷…Õ#¶ "Í^¥O`Ç ^Î~¡Å#=ò#䛽 =¶ã`Ç=ò
J<ÍH› qƒ•ìQ®=ò•° =zó#q. L^¥: J^³áÞ`Ç, ^³áÞ`Ç, qt‘•“^³áÞ`Ç, ‰×Ã^¥œ^³áÞ`Ç,
^³áÞ`Œ^³áÞ`Ç Jƒ•è^¥ƒ•è^¥^ΰ•°.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 23

''<Í#° L<Œß#°ÑÑ WO^ΰ…Õ '<Í#°Ñ Ð [_È=ò. 'L<Œß#°Ñ KÍ`Ç#=ò.


[_È ã‡•^•¥#¼`Ç#°O_• ㇕„¬OzH› WKÇó• „¬ô@°“#°. KÍ`Ç# ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç#°O_•
㇕„¬OzH› WKÇó• „¬ô@°“#°. ㇕„¬OzH› WKÇó•…Õ '<Í#°Ñ J<Í ^¥xH÷ ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç,
„¬~¡=¶`ÍàKÇó•…Õ 'L<Œß#°Ñ J<Í Ð ^¥xH÷ ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç, '<Í#°Ñ J<Í^¥x…Õ [_È
(†³Ø°–) ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç LO_È°@=•# 'r=ô_È°Ñ ã‡•„¬Oz䛽_ÈQ®°#°. 'L<Œß#°Ñ
(KÍ`Ç#) ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç LO_È°@=•# r=ô_È° ª•^•Î䛽_ÈQ®°KÇ°<Œß_È°. H›#°H›
=òY¼=òQê `Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#䛽 ï~O_È° ƒ•è^Î=ò•°#ßq. "Œ\÷…Õ
"³ò^Î\÷k …ºH÷H› J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽 ''<Í#° ㇕„¬Oz䛽_È#°ÑÑ Ð
HêQê ï~O_È=k ‡•~¡=¶iÖH› J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò. L^¥‚¬ð~¡}䛽 ''<Í#° ª•^•Î䛽_È#°ÑÑ.
1. …ºH÷H› J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò
Z„¬C_È~ò`Í J‹¬`Ÿƒ•ÕQ®=ò, ‹¬OãQ®‚¬ì㇕„²ë Wq†Í° =°#°Ax
L^Íí‰×¼=ò•Q®°<Ë, JO^ΰ…Õ ''<Í#° ㇕„¬Oz䛽_È#°ÑÑ Ð Wk …ºH÷H›
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=°#|_È°#°. W\÷“ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò ^Î$_•È"³°Ø# „²=°à@ =°#°A_È°
x~¡O`Ç~¡ ㇕„¬Oz䛽_ÈQ®°#°. ㇕„¬OzH› H›~¡à K͆Çò#„¬ô_È° =¶#=ô_È°
㇕„¬Oz䛽_È°Qê<Í †ÇòO_È°#°. ª•^•Î# K͆Çò#„¬ô_È° 䛀_È J`Ç_È°
㇕„¬Oz䛽_ÈQê<Í †ÇòO_È°#°. H›#°H›, J`Ç_È° Z@°=O\÷ ª•^•Î# KÍ‹²##°
HËiH›`Ë<Í (Hê=°<Œ„¬îië Hù~¡öH) K͆Çò#°. =°i†Çò P ª•^•Î# "Œx…Õ `Ç#
ª•^•ÎH›`ÇÞ ~¡¶„¬=°~ò# Q®~¡Þ=ò (Ja•=¶#=ò)#° Ì„Oz#^ÎQ®°#°. Q®~¡Þ=ò
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#䛽 ‹¬¶Ö•~¡¶„¬=ò.
Z„¬C_È° =°#°+¬µ¼x…Õ ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•##°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@䛽 P~¡û<Œ (‹¬OãQ®‚¬ì=ò)
ㄬ=$uë Jk•H›=°=ô`Ç°O^Ë J„¬C_È° "Œx…Õ ª•Þ~¡Ö=ò, Q®~¡Þ=ò ㄬ"ÍtOKÇ°#°.
Jk P‹¬°s ㄬ=$uë. ª•Þ~¡Ö=ò, Q®~¡Þ=ò, H›•°Q®°@`Ë "Œx J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò
P‹¬°s ‹¬O„¬uë`Ë ä›€_•#^ÎQ®°#°.
''J‚¬ìOHê~¡O |•O ^Î~¡æO Hê=°O ãHË^•ÎO KÇ ‹¬Oãt`Œ—IIÑÑ (w`Ç 16Ð18)
''^ÎOƒ•ì‚¬ìOHê~¡‹¬O†ÇòHêë—II (w`Ç, 17Ð5)
J‹¬°s ‹¬O„¬uë`Ë ä›€_•# J‚¬ìOHê~¡O ƒ•’†Ç°OH›~¡ #~¡H›=ò…ÕxH÷
Qùx‡é=ô#°.
24 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

''„¬`ÇOu #~¡öH-‰×ÃKŒÑÑ (w`Ç, 16Ð16) *ìý#O (=òH÷ë) H›ey#


`Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç P‹¬°s ㄬ=$uë`Ë ä›€_•# J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò #tOKÇ°#°.
`Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò #tOKÇ^ΰ J#° Q®°iëO„¬ô ‹¬ï~áOkHê^ΰ.
Hê~¡}"Í°=°#Qê P‹¬°s ‹¬O„¬uë`Ë ä›€_•# J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò=•# #~¡H›=ò#°
`Ç„²æOKÇ°Hù#=KÇ°ó#°. Hêx =òH÷ë =¶ã`ÇO •a•OKÇ^ΰ. =òH÷ë J~ò`Í
`Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò #tOz# „²^΄¬<Í •a•OKÇ°#°. P‹¬°s
ㄬ=$uë`Ë ä›€_•# J‚¬ìOHê~¡"Í° `Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò †³òH›ø
‹¬¶Ö•~¡¶„¬=ò. Jk r==¶ã`Ç=°O^Í LO_È°#°. D `Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò<Í
•H›Æ¼=ò…Õ LOKÇ°Hùx ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_È° J~¡°û#°xH÷ K³„²æ<Œ_È°ÐÐÐ
''J^•Î KÍ`ÇëÞ=°‚¬ìOHê~Œ#ßã‰Õ+¬¼‹² q‹¬OH›Æ¼‹²ÑÑII (w`Ç, 18Ð58)
''†Ç°^΂¬ìOHê~¡=¶ãt`Ǽ # †³¶`Çž¼ Wu =°#¼À‹ÑÑII (w`Ç, 18Ð59)
Jq^μ#°O_• J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò`Çæ#ß=°Q®°#°. ''Jq^¥¼‹²à`Œ
~ŒQ®^ÍÞ‘•a•x"͉§—öHÁ‰§—IIÑÑ Jq^¥¼ öHÆã`Ç=ò`Çëö~‘•O.....(†³¶Q®^Î~¡Å#O 2Ð3Ð4)
*ìý<Ë^Άǰ"³°Ø# „²=°à@ Jq^μ #tOKÇ°#°. Z„¬C_³á`Í Jq^μ #tOKÇ°<Ë WH›
Jq^μ #°O_• =KÍó J‚¬ìOHê~¡"³°@°ÁO_È°#°? U *ìý#=ò`Ë Jq^μ #tOKÇ^Ë
Jk *ìý#=ò Z@ÁQ®°#°? Jk <Í~¡°ó䛽#ß *ìý#=ò. Wk J#°ƒ•’qO„¬|_•#
*ìý#=ò. `Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò #tOz#@Á~ò#KË, c[=ò #°O_•
=$H›Æ=ò „¬ô@°“#@°ÁQê ㇕H›$`Ç „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò, =¼H÷ë, ãH÷†Ç°(H›~¡à), „¬i‹²Öu Pk
ª•OQ®`Ǽ=ò•#° ‡ÚOk P J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò 䛀_È P‹¬°s ‹¬O„¬uë †ÇòH›ë=°Q®°#°.
w`Ç…Õ *ìý#ª•^•Î##° =iâOKÇ°KÇ° ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_È° J‚¬ìOHê~¡
~Œ‚²ì`Ǽ=ò#° Q®°iOz XH›=¶@ K³„²æ<Œ_È°ÐÐ''J‚¬ìOHê~¡ U=KÇÑÑ (w`Ç,
13Ð8) ª•^•Î䛽x…Õ ~ü J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò ^ζ~¡=°=Q®•^ΰ J#ß„¬C_È°, =°i
‹²^ΰœ_³á# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç Jk Z@°ÁO_È°#°? ‹²kœOz# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç J~ò`Í ~ü
`Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò Jxß q^•Î=ò• #tOz‡é=ô#°. ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°_È°
H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò…Õ ''x~¡à"³¶ x~¡‚¬ìOHê~¡—ÑÑ (w`Ç, 12Ð13) „¬^Î=ò•`Ë,
*ìý#†³¶Q®=ò…Õ ''J‚¬ìOHê~¡O q=òKǼ x~¡à=°—ÑÑ (w`Ç, 18Ð53) „¬^Î=ò•`Ë
=°i†Çü ƒ•’H÷ë †³¶Q®=ò…Õ ''x~¡à"³¶ x~¡‚¬ìOHê~¡—ÑÑ (w`Ç, 12Ð13) „¬^Î=ò•`Ë,
`Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡ <Œ‰×#=ò#° Q®°iOz q+¬†Ç°=ò K³Ì„æ#°.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 25

2. ‡•~¡=¶iÖH› J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò
öH=•=ò '‹¬`ŸÑÐ`Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë†Í° =¶#=ôx L^Íí‰×¼=°~ò#„¬ô_È°, ^¥xx
‡ÚO^ΰ@䛽 '<Í#° ª•^•Î䛽_È#°Ñ J<Í ‡•~¡=¶iÖH› J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò`Ë
䛀_•#"Œ_³á ª•^•Î#K͆Çò#°. Wk 'J‚¬ìOÑ…Õ ‹²Ö~¡„¬_•#=¶@, x~¡O`Ç~¡O
LO_È°#°. Hê=ô#, ''<Í#° ª•^•Î䛽_È#°ÑÑ J<Í J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò ^Î$_•È"³°Ø#„²=°à@
ª•^•Î䛽x ^¥Þ~Œ x~¡O`Ç~¡=ò ª•^•Î# [~¡°Q®°KÇ°<Í LO_È°#°. ª•^•Î#KÍÀ‹
‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ P†Ç°# ª•^•Î䛽x=…ÿ LO_È°#°. ㇕„¬OzH› Hê~¡¼=ò. K͆Çò
‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ䛀_¨ P†Ç°# x~¡O`Ç~¡ ª•^•Î䛽_Í. Hê=ô#, U ㇕„¬OzH› H›~¡àKÍ‹¬¶ë
L#ß„¬æ\÷H÷ `Ç# ª•^•Î#䛽 `ÇQ®¾@°“Qê<Í K͆ÇòKÇ°O_È°#°. L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽—…Õa•
^•Î##+¬“O =KÍó„¬x Z#ß_ȶ Z@°Á K͆ǰ_Ë, J^Íq^•Î=òQê ª•^•Î䛽_È° 䛀_È
`Ç# ª•^•Î#䛽 q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø# „¬x Z#ß_ȶ K͆ǰ_È°.
ª•^•Î䛽xH÷ ª•^•Î#`Ë#° =°i†Çò ª•^•Î#䛽 ª•^•Î¼=ò`Ë#°,
UH›`ÇÞ=ò#ßk. H›#°H› ª•^•Î䛽_È° `Ç# ª•^•Î#…Õ `ÇbÁ#=°†Í°¼=~¡ä›½ ª•^•Î¼O
(„¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞO) ㇕„²ëOKÇ^ΰ. ZO`Ç=~¡ä›½ ª•^•Î䛽x…Õ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=òO_È°<Ë
JO`Ç=~¡ä›€ J`Ç_È° `Ç# ª•^•Î#…Õ `ÇbÁ#°_È° (`Ç#à†Çò_È°) Hê…è_È°.
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò `ù•y# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç ª•^•Î䛽_È° `Ç# ª•^•Î#…Õ
`Ç#à†Çò_ÈQ®°#°. J#Qê ª•^•Î䛽_È°O_È_È°. ª•^•Î# =¶ã`Ç"Í° LO_È°#°.
ª•^•Î# =¶ã`Ç"Í° †ÇòO_È°@=•# ª•^•Î# ª•^•Î¼O…Õ „¬i}÷`Ç=°Q®°#°. J#Qê
ª•^•Î¼ã‡•„²ë H›•°Q®°#x ƒ•ì==ò.
H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò, *ìý#†³¶Q®=ò =°i†Çò ƒ•’H÷놳¶Q®=ò Ð D =ü_È°
ª•^•Î# ƒ•è^Î=ò…è! WO^ΰ䛽 Hê~¡}=ò J‚¬ìOHê~¡"Í°. ª•^•Î䛽_È° ª•^•Î#…Õ
=òO^ΰ䛽 ª•y‡é†Í°Hù•k J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò 䛀_È ãH›=°=òQ® #tOKÇ°#°.
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò Z@°Á #tOKÇ°<Ë J>èÁ, H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò, *ìý#†³¶Q®=ò,
1) ''J‹¬ Ja•=¶<£*ì~ò [x "³¶ö~ I "³°Ø– À‹=H± ~¡„¦¬ò„¬u „¬u "³¶ö~
^¥ªé¼‚¬ìO HÒ‹¬…èOã^΋¬¼ÑÑI Wk ‡•~¡=¶iœH› J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò. "Œ‹¬ë==ò#䛽
Wk J‚¬ìOHê~¡=òHê^ΰ. Wk ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x g°^Î ^Î$_•È q‰§Þ‹¬=ò =°i†Çò
`Œ^¥`Çà¼~¡¶„¬ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#° #tO„¬KÍ‹² =òH÷ëx ~òKÇ°ó#k.
26 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

ƒ•’H÷놳¶Q®=ò• †³òH›ø J=‹¬~¡=òO_È^ΰ. H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò…Õ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#ß„¬C_È°


䛀_¨ ª•^•Î# K͆ǰ|_È°#°. H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò ‹²kœOz# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç Jk
`ù•y‡é=ô#°. (^¥x J=‹¬~¡=òO_È^ΰ) *ìý#†³¶Q®=ò…Õ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò
ã|‚¬ìà…Õ q°o`Ç=°Q®°#°. ƒ•’H÷놳¶Q®=ò…Õ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°xH÷
JiæO„¬|_È°#°. nxH÷ `Œ`Çæ~¡¼"Í°=°#Qê, H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò…Õ 'J‚¬ìOÑ
„¬i‰×Ã^Îœ=°Q®°#°. *ìý#†³¶Q®=ò…Õ J‚¬ìO `ù•Q®°#°. ƒ•’H÷놳¶Q®=ò…Õ
'J‚¬ìOÑ „¬i=~¡ë#=°Q®°#°. 'J‚¬ìOÑ „¬i‰×Ã^Îœ=°Q®°@, `ù•y‡é=ô@,
„¬i=~¡ë#K³O^ΰ@ D =ü_Ȱ䛀_È „¬i}ì=°^Î‰×…Õ UH›"³°Ø‡é=ô#°.
H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò ƒ•ºuH› ª•^•Î#=ò. *ìý#†³¶Q®=ò P^•¥¼uàH›
ª•^•Î#=ò. ƒ•’H÷놳¶Q®=ò P‹²ëH› ª•^•Î#=ò. ƒ•ºuH› ª•^•Î#…Õ 'JH›~¡àÑ
㇕=òY¼`Ç LO_È°#°. P^•¥¼uàH› ª•^•Î#…Õ ''P`ÇàÑÑ ã‡•=òY¼`Ç LO_È°#°.
P‹²ëH› ª•^•Î#…Õ ''„¬~¡=¶`ÇàÑÑ ã‡•=òY¼`Ç LO_È°#°. H›#°H›<Í, H›~¡à†³¶y
Jxß H›~¡à•…Õ#¶ XH›ø JH›~¡à<Í KǶKÇ°#°. ''H›~¡à}¼H›~¡à †Ç°—
„¬‰õ¼^ÎH›~¡à}÷ KÇ H›~¡à †Ç°—ÑÑ (w`Ç, 4Ð18). *ìý#†³¶y Jxß ã‡•}°•†Ç°O^ΰ
XH›ø P`Çà<Í KǶKÇ°#° Ð ''‹¬~¡Þƒ•’¶`Ç‹¬Ö=¶`Œà#O ‹¬~¡Þƒ•’¶`Œx KŒ`ÇàxÑÑ
(w`Ç, 6Ð29) =°i†Çò ƒ•’H÷놳¶y Jxß\÷…Õ#° XH›ø „¬~¡=¶`Çà<Í KǶKÇ°#°.
J#Qê P†Ç°#䛽 `Ç`ÇžO|O^•Î"³°Ø# J#°ƒ•’==ò H›•°Q®°#°. ''†³¶ =¶O
„¬‰×¼u ‹¬~¡Þã`Ç ‹¬~¡ÞO KÇ =°~ò „¬‰×¼uÑÑ (w`Ç, 6Ð30) JH›~¡à, P`Çà,
„¬~¡=¶`Çà Ð D =ü_È° `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò…Õ UH›=°Q®°#°. Hê=ô#, ''JH›~¡àÑÑ…Õ
P`Çà L#ßk =°i†Çò „¬~¡=¶`Çà L<Œß_È°. ''P`ÇàÑÑ…Õ 'JH›~¡àÑ ä›€_¨
L#ßk. „¬~¡=¶`Çà 䛀_¨ L<Œß_È°. J^Í q^•Î=òQê ''„¬~¡=¶`ÇàÑÑ…Õ JH›~¡à
L#ßk. P`Çà L#ßk. `Œ`Çæ~¡¼"Í°=°#Qê, J‚¬ìOH›~¡=ò=•#<Í JH›~¡à,
P`Çà =°i†Çü „¬~¡=¶`Çà J<Í ~ü =ü_È° ƒ•è^Î=ò …è~¡æ_•#q.
`Ç`ÇëÞ^Î$+²“…Õ ~ü =ü_È° ƒ•è^Î=ò•° …è=ô.
JH›~Œà#°ƒ•’="³°Ø# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç H›~¡à†³¶y H›$`ÇH›$`Ç°¼_ÈQ®°#°. J#Qê
P†Ç°#䛽 K͆Çò@öHg° ‰õ+¬=òO_È^ΰ. P`Œà#°ƒ•’="³°Ø# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç
*ìý#†³¶y *ìý`Ç *ìý`Ç=ô¼_ÈQ®°#°. J#Qê, P†Ç°#䛽 `³•°‹¬°HË=•‹²# ^Ín
q°ye†ÇòO_È^ΰ. „¬~¡=¶`Çà#°ƒ•’==ò H›•°Q®°@=•# ƒ•’H÷놳¶y ㇕„¬ë
㇕„¬ë=ô¼_ÈQ®°#°. J#Qê P†Ç°#䛽 ‡ÚO^Î=•‹²#^Ík†Çü q°ye†ÇòO_È^ΰ.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 27

H›$`ÇH›$`Ç°¼_ÈQ®°@`Ë<Í H›~¡à†³¶y *ìý`Ç *ìý`Ç=ô¼_È°#° =°i†Çò


㇕„¬ë ㇕„¬ë=ô¼_È°#°ä›€_È JQ®°#°. *ìý`Ç*ìý`Ç=ô¼_ÈQ®°@ =•# *ìý#†³¶y
H›$`ÇH›$`Ç°¼_È° =°i†Çò ㇕„¬ë ㇕„¬ë=ô¼_È° 䛀_¨ JQ®°#°. J^Í q^•Î=òQ®
㇕„¬ë ㇕„¬ë=ô¼_ÈQ®°@ =•# ƒ•’H÷놳¶y H›$`ÇH›$`Ç°¼_È° =°i†Çò *ìý`Ç
*ìý`Ç=ô¼_È° 䛀_¨ •Q®°#°. H›$`ÇH›$`Ç°¼_È°, *ìý`Ç *ìý`Ç=ô¼_È° =°i†Çò ㇕„¬ë
㇕„¬ë=ô¼_È°#° JQ®°@=•# `Œ^¥`Ç༠‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø# J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò ‹¬~¡Þ^¥
(Jxß q^•Î=ò•) #tOz‡é=ô#°. WH› `Ç`ÇëÞ"Í° q°ye†ÇòO_È°#°. J#Qê Jk
JO`džÇü J#°ƒ•’==ò…ÕxH÷ =KÇ°ó#°. WH› ª•^•Î䛽xH÷ ª•^•Î#
ƒ•è^Î=ò•°O_È=ô. ª•^•Î䛽_È° ª•^•Î#=°~ò ª•^•Î°¼_ÈQ®°#°.
ㄬ‰×ß—Ð =°# ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò 'J‚¬ìOÑ (<Í#° J<Í ƒ•ì=O) ~¡‚²ì`Ç"³°Ø#k.
Wk J#°ƒ•’==ò…ÕxH÷ Z@°Á =KÇ°ó#°?
‹¬=¶^•¥#=ò—Ð '‹¬`ŸÑ =¶ã`Ç=ò J#Qê ''LO_È°@ÑцͰ =°#
‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò. '‹¬`ŸÑ =¶ã`Ç=ò `Ç„¬æ q°ye#^ÎO`Œ Jƒ•ì="Í°. ZO`Ç J~ò`Í
=°#=ò KǶKÇ°KÇ°<Œß"³¶, ZO`Ç~ò`Í =°#=ò q#°KÇ°<Œß"³¶, ZO`Ç~ò`Í
=°#=ò `³e‹²Hù#°KÇ°<Œß"³¶ J^Í q^•Î=òQê †Í° †Ç°Oã`Ç=ò• (‰×s~¡=ò,
=°#‹¬°ž, |°kœ)`Ë =°#=ò KǶKÇ°KÇ°<Œß"³¶, q#°KÇ°<Œß"³¶,
`³e‹²Hù#°KÇ°<Œß"³¶ "³ò^ΕQ®° ãH÷†Ç°•hß H›Æ}ƒ•’OQ®°~¡=ò Jk
W„¬C_È°…è^ΰ, =òO^ΰ LO_È^ΰ, LO_È*ì•^ΰ.
=°#†³òH›ø 'LO_È°@Ñ J<Í ƒ•ì==ò (J‹²ë`ÇÞ=ò) U^³á`Í H›•^Ë
JO^ΰ…Õ '<Í#°Ñ J<Ík…è^ΰ. =°i <Í#° J<Ík U^³á`Í H›•^Ë JO^ΰ…Õ
''LO_È°@ÑÑ …è^ΰ. Zxß qHê~¡=ò•° (=¶~¡°æ•°) L#ß"Ë J=x߆Çò '<Í#°Ñ
J<Í ^¥x…Õ L#ßq, ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò†Ç°O^ΰ …è=ô. ‹¬`Ÿ ~¡¶„¬=ò LO>è
‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ ‹¬Þ`Ç— xiÁ„¬ë`Ç LO_È°#°. D ‹¬`Ÿ—‹²^Îí ‹¬`Ÿ…Õ
(‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò…Õ) Z#ß_ȶ Z@°=O\÷ qHê~¡=ò ~Œä›½O_³#°. W„¬C_È° …è^ΰ.
=òO^ΰ~Œ^ΰ. ~Œ*ì•^ΰ 䛀_È, '<Í#°Ñ J<Í ƒ•ì==ò x`Ǽx~¡O`Ç~¡=ò
qHê~¡ (Z„¬C_ȶ =¶~¡°æK³O^ΰ) ‹¬Þƒ•ì==ò. Hêx ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò#䛽 x`Ǽ,
x~¡O`Ç~¡O xiÞHê~¡=òQê LO_Í ‹¬Þƒ•ì==ò#ßk. ‹¬Þ`Ç—‹²^Îí ‹¬`Ÿ…Õ
H›~¡ë$`ÇÞ=ò …è^ΰ. ƒ•ÕH›ë$`ÇÞ=ü …è^ΰ. ''# H›~Ëu # e„¬¼`ÍÑÑ (w`Ç, 13Ð31)
28 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

K͆Çò@<Ík …è^ΰ. KÍ~òOKÇ°@†Çò…è^ΰ. ''<³á=䛽~¡Þ#ß Hê~¡†Ç°<£ÑÑ (w`Ç,


5Ð13) w`Ç…Õ ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_È° K³„²æ<Œ_È°.
''ƒ•’¶q°~Œ‡é-#…Õ "Œ†Çò— YO =°<Ë |°kœö~= KÇ I
J‚¬ìOHê~¡ Wf†Ç°O "Í° a•<Œß ㄬH›$u~¡+¬“^•¥ÑÑ II (w`Ç, 7Ð4)
ƒ•’¶q°, [•=ò, Jyß, "Œ†Çò=ô, PHê‰×=ò, =°#‹¬°, |°kœ, J‚¬ìO
W=hß XöH*ìu (J„¬~Œ)H÷ ‹¬O|OkOz#q. H›#°H›<Í ƒ•’¶q° U *ìu^Ë, J^Í
*ìuk J‚¬ìO (<Í#° J<Ík). J#Qê, =°\÷“Q®_ÈÛ=…ÿ <Í#° J<Ík䛀_¨ [_È=ò,
^Î$‰×¼=ò# „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò Z@°Á ^Î$‰×¼"³¶ J>èÁ <Í#° J<Ík 䛀_¨ ^Î$‰×¼"Í°.
J#Qê „¬^¥~¡Ö=ò• =…ÿ<Í D <Í#° J#°#k 䛀_È
`³e†Ç°|_•#^ÎQ®°KÇ°#ßk. =°# ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò J‚¬ìOH›O>è "Íï~á#k. nxx
`³e‹²Hù#°#@°Á K͆Çò@䛽 L^¥‚¬ì~¡} K³„¬æ|_È°KÇ°#ßk.
‹¬°+¬µ„²ë (Qê_•Èxã^Î) #°O_• …èz# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç =°#=ò JO\ì=ò.
''<Í#° ZO`Ç ‹¬°Yxã^Î ‡é~òu<Ë <ŒöH `³e†Ç°^ΰ.ÑÑ J ‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ J‚¬ìO
LO_È^ΰ. Jk Jq^μ…Õ b#"³°Ø‡é=ô#°. JO^ΰKÍ =°#䛽 Ug° `³e†Ç°^ΰ,
Hêx P ‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ =°#=ò JH›ø_È LO\÷q°. =°#=ò JH›ø_È …èxKË
''HùOK³=ò䛀_È `³e†Ç°<Í `³e†Ç°^ΰ.ÑÑ Wk Z=iH÷ `³e‹²#k? <Œä›½ Ug°
`³e†Ç°…è^ΰ Jx "Í°•°ä›½#ß „²=°à@ Z=iH÷ `³e‹²Ok? xã^Î „¬\÷“#Ç^Ë …è^Ë
D *ì_È `³•°‹¬°ä›½<Ík J‚¬ìOÐJ<Í ƒ•ì==ò. J^Î~ò`Í …è^ΰ. =°#=ò
L<Œß=ò H›^¥! L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽 XH› WO\ÕÁ XH› =°x+² L<Œß_È°. WO\ÕÁ
„¦¬…ì<Œ =¼H÷ë L<Œß_¨? Jx |†Ç°@#°O_• Z=~Ë „²eKŒ~¡°. WO\ÕÁ Z=~¡¶
…è~¡x …Õ„¬•#°O_• ["Œ|° =zóOk. J~ò`Í, ''WO\÷…Õ Z=~¡¶ …è~¡°ÑÑ Jx
K³À„æ "Œ~¡° 䛀_È …è~Œ? WO\ÕÁ Z=~¡¶ …èH›‡é`Í 'Z=Þ~¡¶…è~¡°Ñ J<Í ["Œ|°
K³À„æ"Œï~=Þ~¡°? K³À„æ"Œ_È~ò`Í L<Œß_È°. D ''<Œä›½ Ug° `³e†Ç°^ΰÑÑ Jx
‹¬°+¬µ‹²ë J=‹¬Ö…Õ `³e‹²Hùx K³„¬C"Œ_È°<Œß_È°. ‹¬°+¬µ‹²ë…Õ <Í#° J#°"Œ_È°
…èH›‡é=KÇ°ó#°. Hêx ''<ŒkÑÑ J<Ík XH›@°#ß^Îx `Œ`Çæ~¡¼O. ‹¬°+¬µ„²ë…Õ
J‚¬ìO ~¡‚²ì`Ç"³°Ø# `Ç# ‹¬`Ÿ L#ß^Îx x~ŒÖ~¡} J~ò#k.
=°#=ò, <Í#° J<Í ƒ•ì==ò, Jƒ•ì==ò ï~O_ȶ
`³e‹²#"Œˆ×¤=°†Ç¶¼=ò. '<Í#°Ñ J<Í ^¥xH÷ Jƒ•ì==ò#ßk Hêh ''=°#kÑÑ
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 29

J<Í ^¥xH÷ Jƒ•ì==ò …è^ΰ. ‹¬=°‹¬ë ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò #tOz#„¬æ\÷H÷ =°#


''‹¬`Ç°ëÑÑ =¶ã`Ç=òO_È°#°. H›#°H› ''‹¬`Ç°ëÑÑ (LxH÷) =°# ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò. '<Í#°Ñ
J<Ík =°# ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò Hê^ΰ.
5. ^Î$_•È ‹¬OH›•æO (L^Íí‰×¼=ò †³òH›ø =°‚¬ð`ÇÞ=ò)
„¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë q+¬†Ç°=ò…Õ L^Íí‰×¼=°‚¬ì`ÇÞ=ò#䛽 ~¡¶‡•~òH÷
`ùO|k ̄ዬ•°, ƒ•ì==°‚¬ð`ÇÞ=ò#䛽 U_Ȱ̄ዬ•°, ãH÷†Ç°=°‚¬ì`ÇÞ=ò#䛽
=ü_Ȱ̄ዬ•° =¶ã`Ç"Í°. Hêx ~ü ~ËA•…Õ ª•^•Î䛽x ^Î$+²“ Z䛽ø=Qê
ãH÷†Ç° (H›~¡à) g°^Í, Hêx ƒ•ì=O g°^Î …è^ΰ ‹¬OH›•æ=ò (L^Íí‰×¼=ò) g°^Î
J‹¬…è …è^ΰ. H›#°H›Î L^Íí‰×¼ =°‚¬ì`ÇÞ=ò (^ΊÎ$_•È ‹¬OH›•æ=ò) g°^Î ZH›ø=
qKŒ~¡} K͆Çò^Î=ò (P…ÕKÇ# K͆Çò^Î=ò).
=°# ‹¬O„¬î~¡ârq`Ç •H›Æ¼"Í°q°\÷? =°#=ò ^Íxx ‡ÚO^Î=…ÿ#°?
^Íxx `³e‹²Hù#=…ÿ#°? ^Íxx Q®°iëOKÇ=…ÿ#°? U`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#° `³e‹²Hù#=…ÿ#°?
^Íxx ª•HÆê`Œø~¡=ò KÍ‹²Hù#=…ÿ#°? D P…ÕKÇ# =zó# „²=°à@, =°#=ò
öH=•=ò „¬~¡=¶`Çà#° ‡ÚO^Î=…ÿ#°, „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#° `³e‹²Hù#=…ÿ#°,
„¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ë L#ß =°# x`Ǽ ‹¬O|O^•Î=ò#° Q®°iëOKÇ=…ÿ#°, „¬~¡=¶`Çà
ª•HÆê`Œø~¡=ò KÍ‹²Hù#=…ÿ#° Ð J<Í L^Íí‰×¼=ò H›•°Q®°#°. Hê~¡}"Í°=°O>è Ð
x~¡O`Ç=ò LO_È°"Œ_È° P†Ç°<Í. x~¡O`Ç~¡=ò LO_È°#k ï~O_È=k
Un…è^ΰ. ㇕„¬OzH› q+¬†Ç°=ò•° ƒ•ÕQ®q…심=ò•° =°#䛽 •ƒ•’¼"³°Ø<Œ ‹¬ö~,
•ƒ•’¼=ò HêH›‡é~ò##¶ ‹¬ö~, J#ß=ò ^ùiH÷<Œ, ^ù~¡H›H› ‡é~ò<Œ, QÒ~¡==°~ò<Œ,
JQÒ~¡==°~ò<Œ, ‡ÚQ®_ÈëL<Œß, J==¶#=ò<Œß g\÷`Ë =°#öHg° ‹¬O|O^•Î=ò
…è^ΰ. =°#䛽 Hê=•‹²Ok öH=•=ò „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ ã‡•„²ë=¶ã`Ç"Í°.
x#í#°ë hu x„¬ô}ì †Ç°k "Œ ‹¬°ë=‹¬°ë •H©Æà— ‹¬=¶ q‰×`Ç° Q®KÇó•`Ç° "Œ †Ç°^•Í+¬“"£° I
J^³á¼= "Œ =°~¡}=°‹¬°ë †ÇòQêO`Çö~ "Œ <Œ¼†Ç¶¼`Çæ^ŠÎ— ㄬqKÇ•xë „¬^ÎO # n•~Œ— II
(ƒ•’~¡ë$‚¬ìi hu‰×`ÇH›O)
hu x„¬ô}°•° xOkOz<Œ ‹¬ö~, ‹¬°ëuOz<Œ ‹¬ö~, •H÷Æà L<Œß‹¬ö~,
…èH› P"³° ~ò+¬“=ò =zó#KË\÷H÷ ‡é~ò<Œ ‹¬ö~, =°$`Ç°¼=ô D H›Æ}=ò…Õ
=zó<Œ‹¬ö~, =°i†³òH› †ÇòQ®=ò…Õ =zó<Œ‹¬ö~, `Ç=° L^Íí‰×¼=ò „¬@Á
30 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

^Î$_•Èz`Ç°ë•~ò# n•~¡ „¬ô~¡°+¬µ•° <Œ¼†Ç°=¶~¡¾=ò #°O_• XH›ø


J_È°Q®°ä›€_¨ "³#°H›ä›½ "͆ǰ~¡°.
D q^•Î=òQê Z=x UïHáH› L^Íí‰×¼=ò, ^•Í¼†Ç°=ò, •H›Æ¼=ò䛀_¨
„¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë "³á„¬ô •Q®ß"³°Ø †ÇòO_È°<Ë (x‰×ó•"³°ØÐ
xtó`Ç"³°Ø†ÇòO_È°<Ë) J`Ç#° W`Ç~¡ q+¬†Ç¶• Hù~¡ä›½ ‹¬=°†Ç¶xß =$^Š¥
K͆ǰ_È°. P^¥†Ç°O …è䛽O_¨ Y~¡°ó=¶ã`Ç"Í° LO_Í KË@ …Õa• LO_ÈQ®•_¨?
„¬~¡=¶`Çà ㇕„²ë†Í° •H›Æ¼=òQê L#ß "ŒxH÷ Z"Í"Ë f„² =¶@•° K³„²æ J`Çx
^Î$+²“x =°~¡•°ó@ ª•^•Î¼=ò JQ®°<Œ? „¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞO J#Qê<Íq°? <Œ
‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬"Í°q°? (<Í<³=ix?) D [Q®`Ÿ ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬"Í°n? W\÷“ Qê_•È"³°Ø#
l*ìý‹¬Q®• =¼H÷ë ze„² H›^Š¥ã‰×=}=ò•`Ë#°, =$^Š¥ "Œ¼Mì¼<Œ•`Ë#° Hê•=ò
=$^Š¥ K͆ǰ…è_È°. J@°=O\÷ KË@Á x•|_È°@öH P†Ç°#䛽 =°#‹¬øiOKÇ^ΰ.
x•°=*ì•_È°. J@°ÁHêH› XH›"Íˆ× J@°=O\÷ "Œ\÷Ì„á U =¶ã`Ç=ò
^Î$+²“Ì„\÷“##¶, J`Ç_³O`Ç Qù„¬æ „¬O_•`Ç°_³á#„¬æ\÷H© „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ
*ìý#=ò#O^ΰ J`Ç_• z`Çë=ò WOHê ‹²Ö~¡„¬_È…è^Î#ß=¶@!
=°#O öH=•O „¬~¡=¶`Çà<Í ‡ÚO^Î=…ÿ#<Í ‹²Ö~¡ L^Íí‰×¼"Í° ~¡¶‡•~òH÷
`ùO|k ̄ዬ• q•°=Q®•k. (=°#=ò öH=•O „¬~¡=¶`Çà<Í ‡ÚO^Î=…ÿ#<Í
‹²Ö~¡ L^Í퉧¼xH÷ =zó#O`Ç<Í `ùO|k ‰§`ÇO •HÆê¼xß KÍ~¡°ä›½#ß@°Á …ÿH›ø).
ƒ•ì==ò Z„¬C_ȶ =¶~¡°`Ƕ<Í LO_È°#°. Jk =°Ozk Hê=KÇ°ó, K³_ÈÛk
Hê=KÇ°ó. ª•uÞH›=ò, ~Œ[‹¬=ò …èH› `Œ=°‹¬=ò U^³á<Œ J~ò LO_È=KÇ°ó#°
Hêx L^Íí‰×¼"³°#ß\÷H÷x =¶~¡^ΰ. J@°ÁHêH› Jk =¶i#KË J`Çx L^Íí‰×¼=ò
‹²Ö~¡„¬_È…è^Î<Í J~¡œ=ò. …èH› `Ç# "Œ‹¬ëqH› L^Íí‰×¼=ò#° Q®°iëOKÇ…è^Î#ß=¶@.
L^Íí‰×¼=ò (‹¬OH›•æO) =¶#=ô#䛽 ㄬu+¬» J~ò†Çò#ßk. Z=xïHá`Í
U L^Íí‰×¼=ü …è^Ë, J`Ç_È° "Œ‹¬ë==òQê =°#°+¬µ¼_Í Hê^ΰ. D ~ËA•…Õ
J<ÍH› ‡•~”¡‰§••°, H›ˆì‰§••° L#ßq. "Œ\÷…Õ •H›Æ…ìk q^¥¼~¡°Ö•°
KÇ^ΰ=ôKÇ°<Œß~¡°. Hêx, q^¥¼~¡°Ö•<³O^ΰ䛽 KÇkq‹¬°ë<Œß=ò? J‹¬•°
ZO^ΰ䛽 KÇ^ΰ=ôHË"Œe? nxH÷O`Ç=~¡ä›½ XH› •H›Æ¼=ò U~¡æ_È…è^ΰ.
KÇ^ΰ=ô•° ª•Q®°KÇ°#ßq. Hêx •H›Æ¼=ò Uq°\Õ `³e†Ç°^ΰ. Wk ZO`Ç
P‰×ó~¡¼H›~¡"³°Ø# q+¬†Ç°=ò?
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 31

"Œ‹¬ë==òQê, L^Íí‰×¼"Í°~¡æ~¡KÇ°Hù#°@ H›O>è =òO^ΰ ^¥xx Q®°iëOKÇ°@


KŒ•ã‰õ+¬»=ò. =°#°+¬¼ ‰×s~¡=ò =°#~ò+¬“ ㄬHê~¡=ò ~Œ…è^ΰ. L^Íí‰×¼
Hê~¡}=òQê<Í =°#°+¬¼ ‰×s~¡=ò =°‚²ì=¶xÞ`Ç"³°Ø#k. …èH›‡é`Í
„¬OKÇ=°‚¬ðƒ•’¶`Ç=ò•`Ë `džǶï~á# D ‰×s~¡=ò#䛽 U =°‚²ì=¶ …è^ΰ.
Jk =°•=üã`Ç=ò•° `džǶ~¡°KÍÀ‹ ‡¦•¼H›“s =¶ã`Ç"Í° JQ®°#°. ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°xH÷
ㄬª•^Î=òQê LOz# q•°"³á# q°~”Œ~òx ~ü †Ç°Oã`Ç=ò…Õ "ÍÀ‹ë Jk
„¬ôs+¬OQê `džǶ~¡Q®°#°. „¬qã`Ç Q®OQê†Ç°=ò<Œ [•=ò•#° D
†Ç°Oã`Ç=ò…Õ ‡é‹²#>ÿåÁ`Í =üã`Ç=òQê =¶~¡°#°.
W@°=O\÷ J‹¬‚¬ì¼H›~¡"³°Ø#, „¦¬°Õ~Œu „¦¬°Õ~¡"³°Ø# =òiH÷ =‹¬°ë=ô•#°
`džǶ~¡°KÍÀ‹ †Ç°Oã`Çq°k. W\÷“ ‰×s~¡=ò#䛽 Uq¶ q•°=…è^ΰ.
"Œ‹¬ë==òQê „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ ã‡•„²ë L^Íí‰×¼=ò#öH =°‚²ì=° L#ßk. D
L^Íí‰×¼"Í° "Œ‹¬ë==òQê =¶#=`Ç. U L^Íí‰×¼=ò`Ë ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°_È° r=ôxH÷
=°#°+¬¼ ‰×s~¡=òxK³ó<Ë, P L^Íí‰×¼=ò#° J`Ç_È° Q®°iëOKÇ=…ÿ#°.
‹¬OH›•æ=ò(L^Íí‰×¼=ò) =òO^ΰH›ey#k. `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç ‰×s~¡=ò U~¡æ_•#k Jx
`Œ`Çæ~¡¼=ò. L^¥: |^Îs<Œ~Œ†Ç°} †Ç¶ã`Ç䛽 "³ˆõÁ L^Íí‰×¼=ò =òO^ΰ
H›•°Q®°#°. `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç †Ç¶ã`Ç [~¡°Q®°#°. Hê|\÷“ L^Íí‰×¼=ò#° Q®°iëOKÇ=…ÿ#°
Hêx `džǶ~¡°K͆Çò@Hê^ΰ. P L^Íí‰×¼=ò#° ‹²kœO„¬K͆Çò@ïHá
ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°_È° =°#°A#䛽 J~¡Ý`ÇxK³ó#°, q"ÍH›q°K³ó#° Hê=ô# =¶#=ô_È°
„¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ ã‡•„²ëH÷ Jk•Hêi. ^•Î#=ò#䛽 JO^Î~¡¶ ‹¬=¶#
Jk•Hê~¡°•°Hê~¡°. QÒ~¡= ㄬu+¬»•ä›½#° ‹¬=¶# Jk•Hê~¡°•° Hê^ΰ.
~ËQ®~Œ‚²ì`Ǽ=ò#䛽 (x~ËQ®`Ç)#° ‹¬=¶# Jk•Hê~¡°•°Hê~¡°. #¶~¡°
‹¬O=`Çž~¡=ò•° rqOKÇ°@䛽#° ‹¬=¶# Jk•Hê~¡°•° Hê^ΰ. Hêx,
„¬~¡=¶`Çà `Ç`ÇëÞ ã‡•„²ëH÷ JO^Î~¡¶ ‹¬=¶<Œk•Hê~¡°…è. JH›Æ~¡ *ìý#=ò
…èx"Œ_³á##¶, q"ÍH› "³á~ŒQ®¼=ò•° …èx"Œ_³á##°, ‹¬`Ÿ ‹¬O„¬uë …èx"Œ_³á##°,
H›|‚¬•–H± H›i H›~¡°<Œ #~¡^Í‚Ôì I ^Í`Ç D‹¬ a#°À‚ì`Ç° ‹¬<Í‚²ì (=¶#‹¹ 7Ð44Ð3)
U‚²ì `Ç# H›~¡ „¦¬• a+¬†Ç° # ƒ•ì~ü (=¶#‹¬ 7Ð44Ð1)
ª•^•Î#^•¥=° "³¶H›Æ H›~¡ ^¥Þ~Œ (=¶#‹¬ 7Ð43Ð4)
z•u [• ‡•=H› Q®Q®# ‹¬g°~Œ I „¬OKÇ~¡z`Ç Ju J^•Î=° ‰×s~Œ (=¶#‹¬ 4Ð11Ð2)
32 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

=ò=òH›Æ`ÇÞ=ò …èx"Œ_³á##°, ã‰×=}, =°## xk•^•¥¼‹¬ …èx"Œ_³á##°, „¬~¡=¶`Çà


`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#° `³e‹²Hù#° fã= l*ìý‹¬ H›•"Œ_È°#°, ‹¬Oª•~¡=°O>è
q‹²y‡é~ò#"Œ_È°#°, ‹¬Oª•~¡=ò#° ^ΰ—Y=°†Ç°=òQê KǶKÇ°"Œ_È°#°
J~ò†ÇòO_•#KË „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#° `Ç„¬æH› `³•°‹¬°Hù#Q®•_È°. H›#°H›<Í
ƒ•’Q®"Œ#°_È° W@°Á K³„²æ<Œ_È° ''ã‰×Ã`ŒÞÀ„¼#O "Í^Î #K³á= H›tó`ŸÑÑ (w`Ç 2Ð29)
W^ÎO`Œ q#ß„¬æ\÷H©ä›€_È Z=_ȶ `³•°‹¬°Hù#…è_È°. J#Qê KÇH›øQê
J^•Î¼†Ç°#=òKÍ‹², H›+²“Oz „¬iã‰×=°KÍ‹² `³•°‹¬°Hù#Q®•_¨? Jk
J‹¬Oƒ•’==ò. HË\©‰×Þ~¡°x =^Îí H›‹¬¶ëi ^ù~¡H›^ΰ. Hêx XH› P@q‰×Ãx=^Îí
H›‹¬¶ëi •a•OKÇ°#°. ZO^ΰH›O>è J`Ç_È° H›‹¬¶ëi =°$Q®=ò#°O_• <Í~¡°Qê
f‹¬°Hù#°#°. J`ÇxH÷ ^¥xx Hù#=•‹²# „¬x…è^ΰ. D q^•Î=òQ®<Í Ju
ª•=¶#°¼_Ȱ䛀_È fã= l*ìý‹¬ H›#°H› L#ß@Á~ò`Í `ÍeH›Qê „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#°
‡ÚO^ÎQ®•_È°. L^¥:Ð XH›HùO_Èg°^Î ^Í"Œ•†Ç°=ò#ß^Î#°HùO^Î=ò. P
P•†Ç°=ò#° "³ˆ×ÃÁ L^Íí‰×¼=ò H›ey#„¬C_È° †Ç¶ãu䛽_È° JO`Ç䛽 „¬î~¡Þ"Í°
U~¡æ_•†Çò#ß ‡Ú_È"³á# =¶~¡¾=òQ®°O_¨ #_Èz#_Èz JH›ø_•H÷ KÍ~¡°#°. Hêx
P@q䛽_È° P =¶~¡¾=ò# Hê䛽O_¨ <Í~¡°Qê HùO_Èg°^Î䛽 ZH÷øQ®°_• =~¡ä›½
‹¬°<Œ†Ç¶‹¬=òQê KÍ~¡Q®•_È°. W^Í q^•Î=òQê ã‰×}, =°##, xk• ^•¥¼<Œk
ª•^•Î# KÍÀ‹ =¼H÷ëH÷ `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë `ùO^Î~¡Qê [~¡Q®^ΰ. Hêx ^Î$_•È"³°Ø#
L^Íí‰×¼=òQ®• Ju ª•=¶#¼=¼H÷ëH÷ `ùO^Î~¡Qê `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë H›•°Q®°#°.
L^Íí‰×¼=ò…Õ #°#ß ‰×H÷ë ª•^•Î#=ò…Õ …è^ΰ Jx `Œ`Çæ~¡¼=ò. H›#°H› <Í#°
„¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò#° ãQ®‚²ìOz f~¡=…ÿ#° J#° ^Î$_•È"³°Ø#Î L^Íí‰×¼=ò
H›•"Œ_È° `Ç„¬æH› Q®=°¼ª•Ö#=ò KÍ~¡Q®•_È°. „¬~¡=¶`Çà ㇕„²ë†Ç°O^ΰ „¦¬•°_È°
HêQ®•_È°. ‹¬ÞO`Ç L^Íí‰×¼=ò…è#„¬C_È° ZO`Ç KÇkq##°, ZO`Ç ^•¥¼#=ò
KÍ‹²##°, ‹¬=¶k•=°Q®°ß_³á##° J`ÇxH÷ „¬~¡=¶`Çà ㇕„²ë H›•°Q®^ΰ. Hê~¡}"Í°=°#Qê
KÇ^ΰ=ô•° KÇ^Î=@O, ª•^•Î#•° K͆ǰ@O =òY¼OHê^ΰ. Hêx L^Íí‰×¼"Í°
=òY¼O. L^Íí‰×¼=ò#䛽 L#ß =°‚¬ì`ÇÞO ‹¬=¶k•H÷ 䛀_È …è^ΰ.

1) #~¡`Ç# ‹¬=° #‚²ì– H›=xL ^Í‚Ôì I r= KÇ~ŒKÇ~¡ *ìKÇ`Ç `Í‚Ôì II


#~¡H› ‹¬Þ~¡¾ J„¬=~¡¾ xÀ‹h, Qê¼# a~ŒQ® ƒ•’Q®u ‹¬°ƒ•’ ^Íh II
(=¶#‹¬ 7Ð121Ð5)
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 33

ãH÷†Ç°ä›½ L#ß =°‚¬ì`ÇëÞO q•°= ~¡¶‡•~ò…Õ XH›ø̄ዬ =¶ã`Ç"Í°.


[„¬, ^•¥¼#, ª•ß#, f~¡œ, ã=`Ç, L„¬"Œª•k ãH÷†Ç°•° KÍ‹²#O`Ç =¶ã`Ç=ò#
`Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë H›•°Q®^ΰ. >脬ô iHê~¡Û~¡° ~Œãu„¬Q®•° <Œ=° [„¬O K͆ǰQ®•^ΰ.
Hêx ^¥xH÷ `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë H›•°Q®^ΰ. Z=x JO`Ç~¡OQ®=ò…Õ `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë †³òH›ø
Hù~¡ïHá ^Î$_•È ‹¬OH›•æ=òO_È°<Ë ^¥xöH `Ç`ÇëÞO ‹¬O㇕„¬ë=°Q®°#°. ‡•H©"Œ_È°
‡•H©„¬x K͆Çò#°. P „¬x =¶#=`Œ ^Î$+²“…Õ „¬qã`Ç"³°Ø#k. J`Çx
L^Íí‰×¼=ò JO^ÎiH© À‹=K͆Çò@, JO^ÎiH›+¬“=ò `ù•yOKÇ°@. H›#°H›
J`ÇxH÷ 䛀_È `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë H›•°Q®°#°. ''<Í#° ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x"Œ_È#°,
ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°_È° <Œ"Œ_È°ÑÑ J#° ^Î$_•Èz`Ç°ë_³á# =¼H÷ë Uq¶ `³e†Ç°x
"Œ_³á#„¬æ\÷H©, =°‚¬ð=ü~¡°š_³á#„¬æ\÷H©, "Í°\© =°‚¬ìh†Çò…ÿá# ‹¬O`Ÿ
=°‚¬ð`Ç°à•ä›½ •ƒ•’¼=°†Í°¼ =°‚¬ì`Çë`ÇëÞ=ò J`ÇxH÷ 䛀_È ã‡•„¬ë=°Q®°#°.
=¶#=ôxH÷ Hê=•‹²#^Íq°@O>è, <Œä›½ `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë Hê=…ÿ#°ÑÑ J#° ^Î$_•È‹¬OH›•æO
=¶ã`Ç"Í°. Jk `Ç„¬æ<Œä›½ K͆ǰ=•‹²#kQêx, `³•°‹¬°HË=•‹²#kQêx,
‡ÚO^Î=•‹²#kQêx Uk†Çò…è^ΰ. Z=xïHá`Í W\÷“ ^Î$_•È"³°Ø# L^Íí‰×¼=ò
U~¡æ_È°<Ë J`Ç_È° U…Õƒ•’=ò#䛽Qêx, U ƒ•’†Ç°=ò#䛽Qêx …çOQ®_È°,
KÇeOKÇ_È°. L^¥:Ð ‹¬=òã^Î=ò…Õ ã„¬†Ç¶}=ò K͆Çò F_È q¶^Î
䛀~¡°ó#ßHêH÷ ZyiZyi =°~¡• JH›ø_•öH =zó"Œ•°#°. [•=°†Ç°"³°Ø# P
=°‚¬ð ‹¬=òã^Î=ò…Õ ^¥xH÷ x•°=KË>èk? F_È#° =^Îe`Í ‹¬=òã^Î=ò#
=òxy‡é=ô#° Q®^¥! P q^•Î=òQ®<Í Z=xïHá`Í „¬~¡=¶`Çà㇕„²ë†Í°
^Î$_•ÈL^Íí‰×¼"³°Ø`Í J`Ç_È° Z#ß_È° P ^¥i`Ç„¬æ_È°. `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë ㄬ‹¬H÷ë ZH›ø_È
LO_È°<Ë JH›ø_Í J`Ç_• z`Çë=ò x•KÇ°#°. =°i†Çò ‹²Ö~¡„¬_È°#°.
ㄬ‰×ß:Ð =ò=òH›Æ, L^Íí‰×¼=ò•…Õ `Í_¨ Uq°?
["Œ|°:Ð ''=ò=òH›ÆÑÑ…Õ |O^•Î# q=òH÷넬@Á HËiH› LO_È°#°.
L^Íí‰×¼=ò…Õ `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò `³•°‹¬°Hù<ÍHËiH› (l*ìý‹¬) LO_È°#°. =ò=òH÷Æ…Õ
|O^•Î# ‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø# ^ΰ—Y=ò ㄬ^•¥#=ò. l*ìý‹¬…Õ q"ÍH›=ò ㄬ^•¥#=ò.
=ò=òH›Æ ㄬu ㇕}÷…Õ#° LO_È°#°. XH› 䛽H›ø#° ã`Œ\÷`Ë H›\÷“#@Á~ò`Í
Jk P |O^•Î#=ò #°O_• Z„¬C_È° q_•„²OKǰ䛽O^¥=¶ J#° =ò=òöHÆ
LO_È°#°. ^¥x…Õ l*ìý‹¬ LO_È^ΰ.
1) ㇕~¡|œ „¬‚¬ì…è ~¡KŒ, „Ôƒ•è ~¡KŒ ‰×s~¡ I `Ç°•‹Ô zO`Œ H˼O H›ö~, ƒ•’[…è N~¡„¦¬òc~Ÿ II
34 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

ㄬ‰×ß: ƒ•ì==òÐL^Íí‰×¼=òÐg\÷…Õ ƒ•è^Î"Í°q°?


["Œ|°: ƒ•ì==ò ï~O_È° q^•Î=ò•°. =¶~¡°æK³O^Í ƒ•ì==ò, =¶~¡°æ
K³O^Îx(ª•Ö~ò) ƒ•ì==ò. =¶~¡°æK³O^Í ƒ•ì==ò JO`Ç—H›~¡}
‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø#k. ª•Ö~üƒ•ì==ò ''‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑÑ ‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø#k. JO`Ç—H›~¡}
ƒ•ì= =°‚¬ì`ÇÞ=ò#䛽 ~¡¶‡•~ò…Õ =ü_È° ̄ዬ• q•°=†Ç°x K³„¬æ|_•#k.
J~ò`Í ª•Ö~ü ƒ•ì==ò L^Íí‰×¼=òÐ~ü ï~O_È° 䛀_È ‹¬=¶# =°‚¬ì`ÇÞ=ò
H›•q†Í°. ª•Ö~ü ƒ•ì==ò, (ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x…Õ `Œ^¥`Ç༠ƒ•ì==ò) ƒ•’H÷놳¶Q®=ò#䛽
‹¬O|Ok•Oz#^³á LO_È°#°. Hêx L^Íí‰×¼=ò…Õ H›~¡à†³¶Q®=ò,
*ìý#†³¶Q®=ò, ƒ•’H÷놳¶Q®=òÐ =ü_•O\÷H÷ ‹¬O|O^•ÎO LO_È°#°. W^Í `Í_¨!
6. ª•^•Î䛽_³=~¡°?
Z=x†ÇòO^ΰ ª•^•Î# q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø# q+¬†Ç°"Í°n LO_È^Ë P†Ç°#
ª•^•Î䛽_È°. ㇕„¬OzH› ƒ•ÕQ®=ò• ‹¬OãQ®‚¬ì=°O^ΰ L^Íí‰×¼=ò, ^¥x†Ç°O^ΰ
Ja•~¡°z LO_È°@ ª•^•Î# q~¡°^Îœ =°x„²OKÇ°Hù#°#°. ª•^•Î# q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø#
L^Íí‰×¼=ò, ^¥x†Ç°O^Îa•~¡°z LO_È°@=•# ª•^•Î# K͆ÇòKÇ°#ß„¬æ\÷H÷x
P†Ç°#†Ç°O^ΰ P‹²Oz# Ja•=$kœ LO_È^ΰ. ^•Î#=ò. =¶#=ò,
q㉧Ou†Ç°O^Í Jq°`Ç ã„Ôu ZO`Ç=~¡ä›½ LO_È°<Ë, JO`Ç=~¡ä›½ =¶#=ô_È°
ª•^•Î䛽_È° Hê…è_È°.
XH›„¬C_È° ‡•~¡=¶iœH› Ja•~¡°z, =°i†³òH›„¬C_È° ㇕„¬OzH›
Ja•=$kœ. XH›„¬C_È° ‹¬^ΰ¾}‹¬^¥KŒ~¡=ò, =°~ùH›„¬C_È° ^ΰ~¡°¾}
^ΰ~ŒKŒ~¡=ò, D ㄬHê~¡=òQê ª•^•Î#`˃ì@° ª•^•Î#q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø#@°=O\÷
ㄬH›$u ª•=¶#¼=òQê ㄬu =°x+²…Õ#° LO_È°#°. XHùøH›ø =¶#=ôx…Õ
ª•^•Î# ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç LO_È°#°. "Í~ùH› =°#°+¬µ¼x…Õ ª•^•Î# q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø#
1) WOãk†Ç°À‹¼Oãk†Ç°ª•¼ö~œ ~ŒQ®^ÍÞ‘Ï =¼=‹²Ö`ñ `dž³¶~¡ß=‰×=¶Q®KÍó•`ñë
‚¬ì¼‹¬¼„¬i„¬Ok•<ñ (w`Ç 3Ð34) P†Ç¶ WOãk†Ç°=ò• q+¬†Ç°=ò…Õ
~ŒQ®^ÍÞ+¬=ò• =¼=‹¬Ö##°‹¬iOz (J#°ä›€•OQ®, ㄬu䛀•`Ç•`Ë H›e‹²)
L#ßq. =¶#=ô_È° Pï~O_•\÷ ㄬƒ•ì==ò#䛽 ^ζ~¡=òQê#°O_È=…ÿ#°.
J#Qê "Œ\÷##°‹¬iOz H›~¡àK͆ǰ䛀_È^ΰ. ZO^ΰH›#Qê P ï~O_È°#°
‡•~¡=¶iœH› =¶~¡¾=ò#䛽 q„¦¬°ß=ò•° H›•°Q®*è†Çò ‰×ã`Ç°=ô•°.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 35

PKÇ~¡}Ð㇕^•¥#¼`Ç LO_È°#°. Hêx HùO`³á<Œ „¬~¡=¶`Çà JO‰×=ò


H›ey†Çò#ß =¶#=ô_È° =¶ã`Ç=ò ‹¬^¥KŒ~¡ ~¡‚²ì`Ç°_È° Hê…è_È°.
=¶#=`ÇÞ=ò#ß =¶#=ôx…Õ öH=•O ‹¬^ΰ¾} ‹¬^¥KŒ~¡=ò…ÿá`Í LO_È=KÇ°ó#°
Hêx, öH=•O ^ΰ~ŒKŒ~¡=ò•°O_È°@䛽 Pª•ø~¡=ò …è^ΰ. H›#°H› Hùxß
‹¬^¥KŒ~¡=ò•`Ë, Hùxß ª•^•Î#•`Ë ä›€_•†Çò#ß =¶#=ô_È° `Œ#° ª•^•Î䛽_•x
J#°ä›½O>è J`Ç_È° ‡Ú~¡|_È°KÇ°<Œß_È°. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê XH›\÷ Q®=°xOKÇ=•‹²#
q+¬†Ç°=ò U=°#QêÐZ=x†Ç°O^ΰ ƒ•ÕQ®ƒ•ìQ®¼=ò• ‹¬OãQ®‚¬ì}
L^Íí‰×¼=òO_È^Ë, Hêx öH=•=ò UH›=¶ã`Ç"³°Ø# „¬~¡=¶`Çà ㇕„²ë†Í°
•H›Æ¼"³°Ø†ÇòO_È°<Ë J`Ç_È° `Ç„¬æH› ª•^•Î䛽_È#|_È°#°. ''"Í°"Í°"³°Ø#
‹¬<Œ¼‹¬°•=¶?ÐQ®$‚¬ì‹¬°Ö•=ò, ª•Oª•i䛽•=ò, _È|°Ä ‹¬O‡•^Î#
=òY¼=ò, J|^Îœ=¶_È°@, HùOK³O "³¶‹¬OK͆ǰ@O HùO`Ç
J<Œ¼†Ç°=¶~¡¾=°=•OaOKÇ@OÐ W`Œ¼^ΰ•° P=‰×¼H›=°Q®°#°.ÑÑ W\÷“
ƒ•ì==ò•° Q®•"Œ_È° ª•^•Î䛽_È° Hê<ÍHê_È°. HêH›‡é`Í U=°=ô`Œ_È°? Ð
‹¬Oª•i䛽_Í. Hêx, ''<Í#° ª•^•Î䛽_È#°. <Œä›½ `Ç`ÇëÞ㇕„²ë†Í° =òY¼=ò.
H›#°H› <Í#° ª•^•Î# q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø# „¬#°•° K͆ǰ*ì•#°.ÑÑ Ð W\÷“ ƒ•ì==ò
Q®•"Œ_È° ª•^•Î䛽_È°. ''r=#†Ç¶„¬# (x~¡Þ‚¬ì}) Hù~¡ä›½ J|^Îœ=ò,
H›„¬@=ò, J<Œ¼†Ç°=ò Ð W=xß\÷`Ë <ŒöHq° „¬xÐW\÷“ƒ•ì==ò ª•^•Î䛽xk.
„¬#°•° #_•„²OKÍ „¬îp ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°xq¶^Î L#ßk. =°#g°^Î …è^ΰ.
J#߇•h†Ç°=ò•° •ƒ•’¼=ò HêH›‡é`Í =°#O KÇx‡é=ô^ΰ=ò
J#°ä›½O>èÐJ#߇•h†Ç°=ò•° ‹¬=°$kœQê L#ß„¬æ\÷H÷ =°#O =°~¡}÷OKÇ=¶?
=°$`Ç°¼‹¬=°†Ç°=ò ~ŒH›=òO^ΰ Z=_ȶ KÇx‡é_È°. W\÷“ „¬i‹²Öu…Õ
r=#†Ç¶„¬#ïHá zOuOKÇ=•‹²# „¬x †Í°=ò#ßk?
㇕„¬OzH› =°#°+¬µ¼x…Õ P㇕„¬OzH› =°#‹¬ë`ÇÞ"Í° JYO_È=òQê
#°O_È°#°. J#QêÐJ`Ç_È° U su…Õ ª•Oª•iH› H›$`Ǽ=ò•° K͆Çò<Ë,
J^Ísu`Ë ‡•~¡=¶iÖH›(ª•^•Î#)Hê~¡¼=ò•° 䛀_È K͆Çò#°. Hêx, U =°#°+¬µ¼_È°
x["³°Ø# ª•^•Î䛽_Ë, J`Çx…Õ =¶ã`Ç=ò ª•^•Î<Œ`Ç`Çæ~¡`Ç JYO_È=òQê
#°O_È°#°. J#Qê J`Ç_È° U„¬^Îœu…Õ ‡•~¡=¶iÖH› Hê~¡¼(ª•^•Î#)=ò•#°
K͆Çò<Ë, J„¬^Îœu…Õ<Í (xiÁ„¬ë`Ç`Ë) ㇕„¬OzH› Hê~¡¼=ò•° 䛀_ÈK͆Çò#°.
36 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

㇕„¬OzH› ~¡°zQ®• =°#°+¬µ¼_È° ㇕„¬OzH› Hê~¡¼=ò•° `ÇbÁ#°_³á K͆Çò#°.


Hêx ‡•~¡=¶iÖH› Ja•~¡°zQ®• =°#°+¬µ¼_È° ‡•~¡=¶iÖH› „¬#°…ÿá`Í e„¬ôë(`ÇbÁ#°)_³á
K͆Çò#°. Hêx ㇕„¬OzH› Hê~¡¼=ò•° xiÁ„¬ôë_³á (H›~¡ë=¼ =¶ã`Ç=°#°Hùx)K͆Çò#°.
ª•^•Î䛽#䛽 ª•=^•¥#"Í° ª•^•Î#=ò. H›#°H› ZH›ø_³á<Œ U q^•Î=òQê#°
ª•^•Î# q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø# KÇ~¡¼[~¡°Q®ä›½O_¨ KǶKÇ°Hù#°KÇ° ª•^•Î䛽_È° x~¡O`Ç~¡=ò
*ìQ®~¡¶ä›½_³á LO_È°#°. Hê=°, ãHË^•Î, ~ŒQ®^ÍÞ‘•k ㄬ=$`Ç°ë• ã„¬ƒ•ì==ò…Õ„¬_•
H›~¡àK͆ǰ_È°. XH›"Íˆ× `Ç# J•"Œ@° ㄬHê~¡=ò ‡Ú~¡‡•@°# ª•^•Î# q~¡°^ÎœãH÷†Ç°
[iy#„¬æ\÷H÷ P†Ç°# L^Íí‰×¼=ò ª•^•Î#q~¡°^ÎœãH÷†Ç° K͆Çò@=¶ã`Ç=ò Hê^ΰ.
|°kœ„¬î~¡Þ=òQê =¶ã`Ç=ò P†Ç°# ª•^•Î#q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø# ãH÷†Ç° Z#ß_È°K͆ǰ_È°.
L^¥‚¬ì~¡}: XH›_È° ^•Î#=ò ‹¬O‡•kOKÇ°#°. ‹¬=°†Ç°O =zó#„¬C_È°
Y~¡°ó䛀_È K͆Çò#°. J~ò`Í J`Ç_È° J‹¬…ÿá#…Õa•Hê_È°. =°~ùH›_È°
ZxßH›+¬“=ò…ÿá##° J#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°#°Hêx ̄᪕ =¶ã`Ç=ò Y~¡°óÌ„@“_È°.
J`Ç_È° J‹¬…ÿá#…Õa•. ZH›ø_•ïHá##° "³ˆìí=°#°ä›½O>è P…Õa• <Œ•°¾Ì„ዬ•°
Y~¡óQ®°#x T‚²ìOz Hêe#_ÈH›# "³ˆ×`Œ_È°. J>èÁ ª•^•Î䛽x…Õ䛀_È
W\÷“ª•^•Î#…Õƒ•’=òO_È=…ÿ#°. H›O\÷…Õ z#ß #•°‹¬°=¶ki J`Ç_È° z#ß
ª•^•Î#…Õ„¬=ò䛀_È ‹¬‚²ìOKÇ䛀_È^ΰ. ª•^•Î䛽_È° ª•^•Î#…Õa• J~ò`Í J`Çx
=•# ª•^•Î#q~¡°^Îœ"³°Ø# „¬x [iy#KË J`ÇxH÷ KŒ• =¶#‹²H›
HÆ˃•’H›•°Q®°#°. =°#ª•ë„¬"Í°~¡æ_È°#°. „¬‰§ó`Œë„¬=ò#䛽 Q®°i†Ç°Q®°#°. W@°Á
[~¡°Q®@=•# J`Çx…Õ ª•^•Î#q~¡°^Îœ ãH÷†Ç° [~¡°Q®°@†Í° J‹¬Oƒ•’==ò.
„¬~¡=¶`Çà㇕„²ë ¢‹ÔëH÷Hê^ΰ, „¬ô~¡°+¬µxH÷ Hê^ΰ, ª•^•Î°=ô#䛽 Hê^ΰ,
Q®$‚¬ì‹¬°ë#䛽 Hê^ΰ, ãƒì‚¬ìà}°xH÷ Hê^ΰ, H›Æãu†Çò#䛽 Hê^ΰ, J#Qê
„¬~¡=¶`Çà㇕„²ë *ìu, =~¡â, Pã‰×=°, ª•Oㄬ^¥†Ç° ‹¬O|Ok•Oz# =¼ä›½ë•ä›½
„¬iq°`ÇO Hê^ΰ. Hêx ª•^•Î䛽_³á#"ŒxöH H›•°Q®°#°. ª•^•Î䛽#䛽 *ìu =~¡â,
Pã‰×=°, ª•Oㄬ^¥†Ç¶k ‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø# J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò, „¬@°“^Ε LO_È=ô.
W`Ç~¡°•„¬@Á `Ç䛽ø=KǶ„¬ô 䛀_È LO_È^ΰ.
ㄬ‰×ß: ª•^•Î䛽x •H›Æ}"Í°q°?
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 37

["Œ|°: ‹¬Oª•~¡O(ㄬ„¬OKÇO)„¬@Á "³á~ŒQ®¼=ò, „¬~¡=¶`Çà„¬@Á ãÀ„=°


ª•^•Î䛽x •H›Æ}=ò.
ㄬ‰×ß: ‹¬[û#°#䛽 ª•^•Î䛽#䛽 `Í_¨ Uq°?
["Œ|°: PKÇ~¡}, P…ÕKÇ#•° =°Oz"³á LO_¨e. ‹¬^ΰ¾}°_È°,
‹¬^¥KŒi J~ò=ôO_¨e. J\÷“"Œ_È° '‹¬[û#°_È°Ñ J=ô`Œ_È°. ƒ•’Q®=ã`Œæ„²ëHù~¡ä›½
…ÕH›H›ˆì¼}ì~¡œ"³°Ø L`ÇøO~”¡H›•"Œ_È° ª•^•Î䛽_ÈQ®°#°. ª•^•Î䛽_È°
‹¬[û#°_È=ô`Œ_È° Hêx ‹¬[û#°_È° ª•^•Î䛽_È"ŒÞ•<Í x†Ç°=°=ò…è^ΰ.
W`Ç~¡ =°`Ç=ò•#°, ‹¬Oㄬ^¥†Ç°=ò•#° xOkOKÍ"Œ_È°, "Œ\÷x
YO_•OKÍ"Œ_È° ‹¬[û#°_³á`Í Hê=KÇ°ó#° Hêx ª•^•Î䛽_È° Hê…è_È°. ª•^•Î䛽_È°
`Ç# =°`Ç=ò#°, ‹¬Oㄬ^¥†Ç°=ò#° J#°‹¬iOKÇ°KÇ°O_È°#°. Hêx, ~ò`Ç~¡
=°`Ç=ò•#°, ‹¬Oㄬ^¥†Ç°=ò•#° xOkOKÇ_È°, YO_•OKÇ_È°, J‹¬‚²ì¼OKÇ°Hù#_È°.
ㄬ‰×ß: ª•^•Î䛽x ㄬ=~¡ë# Z@°ÁO_È°#°?
["Œ|°: ª•^•Î䛽_È° ª•Þ~¡Ö=ò#° `ǼlOz ~ò`Ç~¡°•ä›½ "Í°•°
K͆Çò#°. `Ç# ‹¬°Y=ò#°, q㉧Oux …ÿH›øK͆ǰH›, W`Ç~¡°•ä›½ ‹¬°Y=ò#°
q㉧Oux H›•°Q®*è†Çò#°. `Ç# QÒ~¡=Ðㄬu+¬»•#° q_•zÌ„\÷“, W`Ç~¡°•ä›½
QÒ~¡=, ㄬu+¬»• <ù‹¬Q®°#°. ''‹¬|‚²ì=¶<£ ㄬ^Î P„¬ôJ=¶xÑÑ (=¶#‹¬ 7Ð38Ð2)
`Œ#° J==¶#„¬_•##°, W`Ç~¡°• =¶#=°~Œ¼^Ε䛽 ƒ•’OQ®=ò H›•°Q®h†Ç°_È°.
J†Ç°#䛽 Z=i„¬@Á K³_ÈÛ Ja•ã‡•†Ç°=òO_È^ΰ. P†Ç°#䛽 Z=x†Ç°O^³á##°
K³_È° H›#|_•#KË Jk "Œx ‰×s~¡=ò…Õ#°, JO`Ç—H›~¡}=ò…Õ#° L#ßk.
Hêx ‹¬Þ†Ç°O(P`Çà)…Õ …è^Îx ƒ•ìqOKÇ°#°. L^¥: XH›x =¢‹¬ë=ò g°^Î=°~¡H›
„¬_•#@Á~ò`Í J`Ç_È° =°~¡H›Q®•"Œ_È°Hê_È°. J…ìQ®°<Í JO`Ç—H›~¡}ì^ΰ•…Õ
^Ë+¬O L#ßKË P†Ç°# '‹¬Þ†Ç°OÑ ^Ë+²Hê_È°. D ㄬHê~¡OQê ª•^•Î䛽_È°
Z=ih ^Ë+²Qê ƒ•ìqOKÇ_È°, P†Ç°# 䛀_¨ Z=iH© '^Ë+²Ñ Jx„²OKÇ_È°. ''†Ç°
ª•à<ËßkÞ[`Í…ÕHË, …ÕHê<Ëß kÞ[`Í Kdžǰ—ÑÑ (w`Ç 12Ð15)
1) <Œ‚¬ìO =°#°‘é¼ #KÇ ^Í=†Ç°HÆË # ãƒì‚¬ìà}H›Æãu†Ç°"³á‰×¼ ‰×´ã^Η I
ã|‚¬ìàKŒs # Q®$‚Ôì =#ªéÖ a•ä›Æ½~¡ßKŒ‚¬ìO x[ƒÕ^•Î~¡¶„¬— II
(‚¬ìª•ë=°•H›ªéëã`Ç=ò)
38 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

ㄬ‰×ß: =°#°+¬¼ rq`ÇO…Õ 'ª•^•Î#Ñ Z„¬C_¨~¡Oƒ•’=°Q®°#°?


["Œ|°: ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò=•# =°#°+¬µ¼_È° ^ΰ—d`Ç°_³á#„¬C_È°, zO`Ç#
KÍ‹²#„¬C_È° ª•^•Î# P~¡Oƒ•’=°Q®°#°. Z„¬C_³á`Í =¶#=ô_È° ~ü
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò…Õ ‹¬°Y=ò …è^Î#°ä›½O\ì_Ë, "ŒxH÷ ‰§Ou…è䛽O_È°<Ë, Z=i`Ë
À‹ß‚¬ì=ò K͆Çò<Ë, Z=i#°O_• ‹¬°Y=°À„H÷ÆOKÇ°<Ë, "Œi#°O_• "³¶‹¬‡é~ò#„¬C_È°
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò# x~Œ‰× K³O^ΰ#°. J`Çx JO`Ç~¡OQ®O…Õ H›…ÕÁ•=ò K³•ö~Q®°#°.
J\÷“‹²Öu…Õ Uk x`Ǽ"³°Ø#^Ë, <Œ‰×~¡‚²ì`Ç"³°Ø#^Ë, xiÞHê~¡"³°Ø#^Ë, J\÷“
‹¬°Y=ò#° ‡ÚO^¥•<Í WKÇó• *ìQ®$`Ç=°Q®°#°. ''ZO^ΰ…Õ ^ΰ—Y=òO_È^Ë, Uk
J#O`Ç"³°Ø#^Ë J\÷“ „¬^ŠÎ=ò#° ‡ÚO^ÎQ®•_Ë, ^Íx#°O_• Z#ß\÷H© „¬`Ç#=òO_È^Ë
P ª•Ö#=ò <Œä›½ ‹¬O㇕„¬ë=°Q®°#°. ^Íx #°O_• Z#ß_È° q†³¶Q®=òO_È^Ë J\÷“
^¥xx <Í#° KÍlH÷øOKÇ°HùO^ΰ##° L^Íí‰×¼=ò H›ey#„¬C_È° ª•^•Î䛽x
ª•^•Î# P~¡Oƒ•’=°Q®°#°.
öH=•=ò ㇕„¬OzH› ^ΰ—Y=ò•##°ƒ•’qOz ª•^•Î# P~¡Oa•Oz#
=°#°+¬µ¼_³á`Í P ㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°Y=ò •a•Oz#„¬ô_È° J`Ç_È° ª•^•Î#•#°O_•
`Ç„¬CHù#=KÇ°ó#°. Hêx Q®Oc•~¡ zO`Ç#`Ë ª•^•Î# P~¡Oa•Oz# =¼H÷ë `Ç#
ª•^•Î<Œ=¶~¡¾=ò#°O_• Z#ß_È° `Ç„¬CHù#*ì•_È°. Hê~¡}"Í°=°#QêÐHùOK³"³°Ø##°
^ΰ—Y=ò…èx ‰§‰×Þ`Ç ‹¬°Y=ò#° ‡ÚO^ΰ^¥=°<Í L^Íí‰×¼=ò J`Çx…Õ ‹²Ö~¡„¬_È°#°.
P†Ç°# HË~¡°ä›½<Ík <Œ‰×~¡‚²ì`Ç"³°Ø# ‹¬°Y㇕À„ë. Jk ‡ÚO^Î䛽O_¨ P†Ç°#䛽
Hê•, ^͉×, =‹¬°ë, =¼H÷ë J=‹¬ÖÐ^Íx…Õ#° ‹¬°Y ‹¬O`Ë+¬=ò•°O_È=ô.
Z=_È° ㇕„¬OzH› ^ΰ—Y=ò ##°ƒ•’q‹¬¶ë =ôO\ì_Ë, "Œ_È° P ^ΰ—Y=ò#°,
㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°Y=ò##°ƒ•’qOKÇ°KÇ° ^ζ~¡=ò KÍ^¥í=°#°ä›½O\ì_Ë J`Ç_È°
㇕„¬Oz䛽_È° (ƒ•Õy) J=ô`Œ_È°. Hêx ª•^•Î䛽_È° =¶ã`Ç=ò Hê<Í~¡_È°. ㇕„¬OzH›
‹¬°Y=ò•O^ΰ P‹¬H÷ëQ®• =°#°+¬µ¼xH÷ ª•^•Î#|°kœ H›•°Q®<Í H›•°Q®^ΰ.
㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°Y=ò#°O_• ㇕„¬OzH› ^ΰ—Y=ò Z#ß_ȶ `ù•Q®^ΰ.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 39

Wk x†Ç°=°=ò Jk H›#„¬_•##°, H›#„¬_ÈH›‡é~ò##° ‹¬ö~? ㇕„¬OzH›


‹¬°Y=ò#䛽 =òO^ζ ^ΰ—Y"Í°, z=~¡ä›€ ^ΰ—Y"Í°. H›#°H› =°^•Î¼…Õ#° ^ΰ—
Y"Í°. Hê~¡}"Í°=°O>èÐU^³á`Í =òO^ζ, z=~¡ 䛀_¨ LO_È°<Ë Jq =°^•Î¼…Õ
䛀_¨ LO_È°#°. Wk ‹²^¥ÖO`Ç=ò. ㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°Y=ò ^ΰ—Y~¡¶„¬"Í°†Ç°x
`³e‹²Hùx ‹¬°Yƒ•Õy ^ΰ—Y=ò#°O_• `Ç„²æOKÇ°Hù#*ì•_È°. D q+¬†Ç°O
`³•°‹¬°Hù#ß„¬C_È° J`Çx ª•^•Î# ㇕~¡Oƒ•’=°Q®°#°.
ㄬ‰×ß: ª•^•Î<Œ ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬"Í°q°?
["Œ|°: `Œ¼Q®=ò, zO`Ç#, ‰×~¡}ìQ®u(Pië)ÐWk ª•^•Î#
‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò, `Ç# ‹¬°Y=ò Hù~¡ä›½ Uq¶ K͆ǰH›, W`Ç~¡°• ‹¬°Y=ò Hù~¡ä›½
‹¬O„¬î~¡â ‰×H÷ëx ^•¥~¡‡é†Çò@ `Œ¼Q®=ò (H›~¡à†³¶Q®°•°) J#|_È°#°.
ƒì•¼=ò#°O_• W„¬æ\÷=~¡ä›½ ‰×s~¡=ò, ‹¬~¡Þ^¥=¶~¡°æ K³Ok#k
J~ò<Œ <Í#°ÐJ`Ç_•<Í. P ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬O (P`Çà) Z@°Á#ß^Ë J>èÁ L#ßk. J\÷“
zO`Ç# (*ìý#†³¶Q®=ò).
<Í#° Uq°†Çò K͆ǰ*ì•#° J#° ƒ•ì==ò`Ë `Ç# |•=ò#°,
Pã‰×†Ç°|•=ò#° q_•zÌ„\÷“ ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x Pã‰×†Ç°=ò ‡ÚO^ΰ@ ‰×~¡}ìQ®u
(ƒ•’H÷놳¶Q®°•°) J#|_È°#°. ''*ìýx<Ë x`Ǽ "³ái}ìÑÑ (w`Ç 3Ð39)
D ~ËA•…Õ `ùO^Î~¡ `ùO^Î~¡Qê ª•^•Î##° Ì„O‡ÚOkOKǰ䛽O@¶
1) ƒ•ÕïQá‰×Þ~¡¼ã„¬‹¬Hêë<ŒO `džǶ„¬‚¬ì$`ÇKÍ`Ǫ•O I
=¼=ª•†Ç¶uàHê |°kœ— ‹¬=¶^•ñ # qn•†Ç°`Í II (w`ÇÐ2Ð44)
2) ''†Í° ‚²ì ‹¬O‹¬æ~¡Å*ì ƒ•ÕQê ^ΰ—Y†³¶#†Ç° U= `Í I (w`Ç 5Ð22)
^ΰ—Y"Í°= ‹¬~¡ÞO q"ÍH÷#— (†³¶Q®^Î~¡Å#=ò 2Ð15)
„¬i}ì=° ^ΰ—Y=ò, `Œ„¬^ΰ—Y=ò, ‹¬Oª•ø~¡ ^ΰ—Y=òÐW\÷“ =ü_È°
~¡H›=ò…ÿá# ^ΰ—Y=ò•° JO^Îi…Õ#° LO_È°@ =•# J^Í q^•Î=òQê
=ü_È° Q®°}=ò• †³òH›ø ㄬ=$`Ç°ë•° „¬~¡‹¬æ~¡ q~¡°^Îœ=ò•Q®°@ =•#
q"ÍH÷†³Ø°# „¬ô~¡°+¬µx ^Î$+²“…Õ W=hß ƒ•ÕQ®, ^ΰ—Y ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò…è.
40 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

=òO^ΰ䛽 ‡é^¥=°h, *ìý#‹¬O„¬uëx Jk•Hêk•H›=òQê ‹¬O‡•kOKÇ°^¥=°<Í


„¬@°“^Ε <Í\÷ ª•^•Î䛽x…Õ KǶKÇ°KÇ°<Œß=ò. Hêx ‹¬°M심H÷ëx =^Ε°^¥=°<Í
"³¶‚¬ìO =¶ã`Ç=ò P`Çx #°O_• `ù•y‡é=@O…è^ΰ, ‹¬°M심H÷ë Hê~¡}=ò
=•#<Í ª•^•Î# `ÇH›Æ}=ò ‹²kœOKÇ^ΰ. q•O|=ò#䛽 JOKÇ<Œ…è^ΰ.
JO^ΰ=•# =òO^ΰQê ‹¬°M심H÷ëx `Ç„²æOKÇ°Hù#°@ P=‰×¼H›=ò. ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°_È°<Œß_È°,
Q®°~¡°=ô䛀_¨ L<Œß_È°, `Ç`ÇëÞ*ìý<Œ•°#ßq, †³¶Q®¼`Œ ª•=°~¡Ö¼=ò•° L#ßq.
Q®=°xOKÇ=•‹²# q+¬†Ç°"Í°=°#QêÐ=°#…Õ†Çò#ß <Œ‰×#Hêi†Ç°Q®° ‹¬°M심öHë
P†Ç°# ㄬ`ǼH›Æ=°Q®°@䛽 J_ÈÛ=ò `ÇQ®°•°KÇ°#ßk. D ‹¬°M심H÷ëx ^ζ~¡=ò
KÍ‹¬°ä›½<Í ƒì^•Î¼`Ç ª•^•Î䛽x q¶^Í L#ßk. ZO^ΰH›O>è P†Ç°<Í ‹¬Þ†Ç°=òQê
^¥xq¶^Î P‹¬H÷ë Ì„OKǰ䛽<Œß_È°. ^¥xx x"Œ~¡} KÍ‹¬°ä›½<Í ƒì^•Î¼`Ç ä›€_¨
P†Ç°#^Í. W^Í ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°_È° K³„²æ<Œ_È°Ð
''L^Îœö~^¥`Çà<Œ`Œà#O <Œ`Œà#=°=ª•^ΆͰ`Ÿ I
P`³áà= ‚¬ð¼`Çà<Ë |O^•Î°~Œ`³áà= i„¬ô~Œ`Çà#— II (w`Ç 6Ð5)
`Ç##° `Œ<Í L^ÎœiOKÇ°Hù#=…ÿ#°. `Ç##° `Œ#° „¬`Ç#=ò
KÍ‹¬°Hù#~Œ^ΰ. ZO^ΰH›#Qê `Ç#䛽 `Œ<Í q°ã`Ç°_È° `Ç#䛽 `Œ<Í ‰×ã`Ç°=ô.
ㄬ‰×ß: ‹¬O†³¶Q® [#¼‹¬°M심H÷ë Z@°Á `ù•y‡é=ô#°?
["Œ|°: ‹¬°M심H÷ëx `ù•yOKÇ°Hù#°@䛽 XH› =°Oz L‡•†Ç°=ò:Ð
W`Ç~¡°• ‹¬°Y=ò`Ë `Œ#¶ ‹¬°Y=ò##°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@ (ㄬ‹¬#°ß_ÈQ®°@), W`Ç~¡°•
^ΰ—Y=ò…Õ `Œ#° ^ΰ—d`Ç°_ÈQ®°@ (H›~¡°}ì=°†Çò_ÈQ®°@) ''„¬~¡^ΰ—Y ^ΰ—Y
‹¬°Y‹¬°Y ^ÍM脬~¡ÑÑ (=¶#‹¬ 7I38I1) ^Íx=•# XH› =¼H÷ë ‹¬°Y=ò#°
1) ''‚¬ìº– ‚¬ðö~¼ [`Ç# aa^•Î qk• JuÌ‹á ㄬ|• J*ÿá I
`Ç°•‹²^¥‹¬ |‹¬ ‚¬ìÙ~ò `Ç|‚²ì– [| ãÀ„~¡H› ㄬƒ•’° |~¡*ÿá II(q#†Ç° 89/4)
ƒ•ÕQ®=ò• †³òH›ø ‹¬°Y=ò ‹¬O†³¶Q® [x`Ç=ò. ‹¬O†³¶Q® [#¼‹¬°Y=ò
J#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@ =•# „¬`Ç#=ò H›•°Q®°#°. q†³¶Q®[#¼ ‹¬°Y=ò
J#°ƒ•’qOz# ª•^•Î䛽_È° JH›ø_Í x•z‡é=ô#°.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 41

J#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°KÇ°<Œß_Ë J\÷“ =¼H÷ëx KǶz ª•^•Î䛽_È° ㄬ‹¬#°ß_ÈQ®°#°. ^ΰ—


dOKÇ°=¼H÷ëx KǶz H›~¡°}ì=°†Çò_³á# ª•^•Î䛽_È° "Œx ^ΰ—Y=ò…Õ
‡••°„¬OKÇ°Hù#ß@ÁQ®°#°. JO^ΰ=•# ^ΰ—d`Ç°x †³òH›ø ^ΰ—Y=ò J`Çx XH›øq¶^Í
„¬_È䛽O_¨ `ÍeH›†Ç°Q®°#°. JkKǶz ª•^•Î䛽_È° ‹¬°Y=ò##°ƒ•’qOKÇ°#°.
ª•^•Î䛽_È° W`Ç~¡°• ‹¬°Y=ò`Ë`Œ#° ‹¬°Mì#°ƒ•’¶u#Ok#KË `Ç#
ƒ•ÕöQKÇó• `Ç䛽ø=Q®°#°. W`Ç~¡°•#° ‹¬°Y=O`Ç°•°Qê KǶKÇ°@=•#
ª•^•Î䛽#䛽 q‰õ+¬ ‹¬°Mì#°ƒ•’¶u H›•°Q®°#°. JO^ΰ=•# ª•^•Î䛽xH÷
‹¬°Yƒ•ÕQ®=ò• †³òH›ø P=‰×¼H›`Ç †ÇòO_È^ΰ. D q^•Î=òQ®<Í W`Ç~¡°• ^ΰ—
Y=ò#° KǶz ^ΰ—d`Ç°_ÈQ®°@ =•#, ª•^•Î䛽x…Õ †Í°‹¬°Yª•=°ãy, †³¶Q®¼`Ç,
ª•=°~¡Ö¼=ò•°#ß"Ë "Œ\÷x "Œi ^ΰ—Y=ò#° ‡éQù@°“@䛽 qx†³¶yOKÇ°#°.
^¥x=•# P†Ç°#䛽 ‹¬OãQ®À‚ìKÇó• `Çy¾‡é=ô#°. D q^•Î=òQê W`Ç~¡°•
‹¬°Y=ò`Ë ‹¬°d†Ç°Q®°KÇ°, ^ΰ—Y=ò`Ë ^ΰ—d`Ç°_ÈQ®°KÇ° LO_È°@ =•#
‹¬O†³¶Q® [#¼ ‹¬°Y=ò (ƒ•ÕQ®=ò, ‹¬OãQ®‚¬ì=ò) „¬@Á P‹¬H÷ë `ÇQ®°¾`Ƕ
ãH›=°OQê #tOz‡é=ô#°.
W`Ç~¡°• †³òH›ø ‹¬°Y=ò`Ë ‹¬°d†³Ø°, ^ΰ—Y=ò`Ë ^ΰ—d†³Ø°#
ª•^•Î䛽_È° `Ç# ^ΰ—Y=ò#° ‹¬O`Ë+¬„¬î~¡ÞH›=òQê ‹¬‚²ìOKÇ°#°. Hêx
~ò`Ç~¡°• ^ΰ—Y=ò#° ‹¬‚²ìO„¬*ì•_È°. `Ç#° ^ΰ—Y=ò#° ‹¬‚²ìO„¬Q®•_È°
Hêx W`Ç~¡°• ^ΰ—Y=ò#° ‹¬‚²ìO„¬…è_È°. XH›"Íˆ× ª•^•Î䛽x †Ç°O^ΰ
`Œ¼Q®"³á~ŒQ®¼=ò• ㇕^•¥#¼`Ç L#ßKË `Ç#䛽 H›ey# ^ΰ—Y=ò KŒ•
`Ç䛽ø=Q®°#°. W`Ç~¡°• #°O_• ‹¬°M심H÷ë LO_È^ΰ. W`Ç~¡°•#°O_•
‹¬°Y=ò#° ‡ÚO^ΰ@ ~ò+¬“=òO_È^ΰ. W`Ç~¡°•° `Ç=°O`Ç `Œ=ò ‹¬°Y=ò
KÍ䛀ió##° ^¥xx ‹ÔÞH›iOKÇ°@ J`ÇxH÷ W+¬“=òO_È^ΰ.
ㄬ‰×ß: ‹¬°M심H÷ëx q_ÈKÇ°@䛽 W`Ç~¡ L‡•†Ç°=ò…èq°?
["Œ|°: ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x †Ç°O^ΰ Qê_•È"³°Ø# P‹¬H÷ë`Ë, Pië`Ë P†Ç°##°
„²ez<Œ 䛀_È ‹¬°M심H÷ë `ù•y‡é=ô#°.
42 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

<Œä›½ Z#ß_È°#° ‹¬°Y=ò JH›ø~¡<Í…è^ΰ Jx ^Î$_•È x‰×ó†Ç°=ò


KÍ‹¬°Hù#ßKË ‹¬°M심H÷ë `ù•Q®°@…Õ P•‹¬¼=òO_È^ΰ. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê, ‹¬°Y=ò
f‹¬°ä›½<ÍkQê^ΰ WKÍók. ''Z‚²ì `Ç# H›~¡ „¦¬• q+¬†Ç° #ƒ•ì~üÑÑ (=¶#‹¬
7Ð44Ð1) ㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°Y=ò#°O^ΰ ZO`Ç=¶ã`Ç=ò P‹¬H÷ë
…è#@°=O\÷=xß, öH=•=ò ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x †Ç°O^ΰ P‹¬H÷ëQ®• =°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µ•
ª•OQ®`Ǽ=ò KÍ‹²#KË ‹¬°M심H÷ë ^¥#O`Ç@^Í `ù•y‡é=ô#°. J\÷“
=°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µ• ƒ•ì==ò•°, PKÇ~¡}, =¶#¼`Ç "³ò^Î…ÿá#"Œ\÷„¬@Á
QÒ~¡=ƒ•ì==ò H›ey†ÇòO_È°@†Í° "Œi`Ë ‹¬O„¬~¡ø=ò H›ey†ÇòO_È°@
J#ß=¶@. D ‹¬°M심Hë÷…Õ U=ò#ß^Îx Q®Oc•~¡=òQê P…ÕzOz##° Jk
`Ç#O@`Œ<Í `ù•y‡é=ô#°. ㇕„¬OzH› ‹¬°Y=ò Z#ß_ȶ ‹¬O„¬î~¡âOHê^ΰ.
(`ÇkÞ~¡°^ÎœOQê) Jk Z„¬C_ȶ J‹¬O„¬î~¡âOQê<Í LO_È°#°. L^¥: =°#䛽
HùO`Ç ^•Î#=ò ^ùiH÷#KË =°i†³òH›x =^Îí ~òO`ÇH›O>ÿ Z䛽ø= ^•Î#=ò
=ô#ß^Îx, JO^Î"³°Ø# ƒ•ì~¡¼=ô#ß "Œ_È° D"³°H›O>ÿ JO^Î"³°Ø#
ƒ•ì~¡¼=°~ùH›xH÷ L#ß^Îh, `Ç#öH =‹¬°ë=ô ^ùiH÷<Œ ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ JO`ÇH›O>ÿ
=°Oz =‹¬°ë=ô L#ß^Î#ß J‹¬O`Ç$„²ë. =°#䛽 ‹¬~ËÞ`Çø$+¬“ =‹¬°ë=ô
^ù~¡H÷#„¬C_È° Jk =°#=^Îí ‰§‰×Þ`ÇOQê LO_È^ΰ. H›#°H› W\÷“ Jx`Ǽ=ò…ÿá#
‹¬°Y=ò•„¬@Á P‹¬ä›½ë•Q®°@…Õ ã„¬†³¶[#"Í°=ò#ßk?
‹¬O†³¶Q® [#¼"³°Ø# ‹¬°M심H÷ë ‹¬=°‹¬ë‡•„¬=ò•ä›½, ‹¬O`Œ„¬=ò•ä›½,
^ΰ—Y=ò•ä›½, J#~Œœ•ä›½, H›•‚¬ì=ò•ä›½, H›•=~¡=ò•ä›½, ƒì^•Î•ä›½,
"³ò^Î…ÿá# "Œ\÷H÷ =ü•Hê~¡}=ò Jx `³•°‹¬°Hùx ª•Þ#°ƒ•’==ò#䛽
`³zó#KË ‹¬°M심H÷ë `ù•y‡é=ô#°.
ㄬ‰×ß: Hê=° ãHË^•¥k ^ΰ~¡°¾}=ò•° P=‚²ìOz#KË ª•^•Î䛽_Íq°
K͆ǰ=•†Çò#°?
["Œ|°: ª•^•Î䛽_È° ^ΰ~¡°¾}=ò•° `Ç#…Õ x~¡O`Ç~¡=ò LO_³_•q
Hê=x, Jk =KÇ°óKÇ°‡é=ôKÇ° LO_³_•=x, <Í#° Z„¬C_È° LO_³_•"Œ_•#x
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 43

`Ç•KÇ=…ÿ#°. L^¥: XH› 䛽H›ø WO\÷…ÕxH÷ =KÇ°ó#° ‡é=ô#°. W•°Á 䛽H›øk


Hê^ΰ. 䛽H›ø~òO\÷kHê^ΰ. J>èÁ ^ΰ~¡°¾}=ò•° =KÇ°óKÇ°O_È°#°,
‡é=ôKÇ°O_È°#°. Hêx "Œ\÷`Ë <Œä›½ J#°|O^•Î"Í°~¡æ_È…è^ΰ. <Œ`Ë "Œ\÷H÷
J#°~ŒQ®=ò H›•°Q®…è^ΰ. ª•^•Î䛽_È° J@°Á x‰×ó~òOKÇ°Hùx ~ü
^ΰ~¡°¾}=ò•ä›½ =jƒ•’¶`Ç°_È° Hê䛀_È^ΰ. ''`dž³¶~¡ß=‰×=¶Q®KÍó•`ŸÑÑ (w`Ç
3Ð34) J#Qê "Œ\÷ ##°‹¬iOz H›~¡à•° K͆ǰ䛀_È^ΰ. Hê=¶k ^ΰ~¡°¾}=ò•°
"Œ\÷H÷ …çOy#"Œix ƒìk•OKÇ°#°. Z„¬C_³á<Œ P^ΰ~¡°¾}=ò•° =zó#„¬C_È°
ª•^•Î䛽_È° À‚ì ㄬƒ•Õ! À‚ì ㄬƒ•Õ! Jx ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x "Í_È°Hù#=…ÿ#°. „¬qã`Ç
‚¬ì$^Άǰ=ò`Ë „²ez# „²•°„¬ô =$^Š¥Hê^ΰ. „²ez# „¬•°ä›½#°.
ㄬ‰×ß: ª•^•Î# Ì„~¡°Q®°KÇ°#ß^Îx Q®°iëOKÇ°@ Z@°Á?
["Œ|°: ª•^•Î䛽#䛽 ㇕„¬OzH› q+¬†Ç°=ò• „¬@Á ZO`Ç PH›~¡Â}
`ÇQ®°¾<Ë, ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x „¬@Á ZO`Ç PH›~¡Â} Ì„iy#^Ë P†Ç°# ª•^•Î#…Õ JO`Í
ㄬQ®u ª•k•OKŒ_Èx ƒ•ìqOKÇ=…ÿ#°. ª•^•Î䛽_È° =òO^ΰ䛽 ª•öQHùek
~ŒQ®^ÍÞ+¬=ò•° `ÇQ®°¾KÇ°O_È°#°. WO`Ç䛽 =òO^ΰH›O>è ~ŒQ®^ÍÞ+¬=ò•°,
‚¬ì~¡Â‰ÕH›=ò•° `ÇQ®¾…è^ΰ, =°#‹¬°žä›½ ‰§Ou…è^ΰ J#ßKË P†Ç°# ª•^•Î#
Uq¶ K͆ǰ…è^Î#ß =¶>è H›^¥!
ㄬ‰×ß: ª•^•Î# ‹¬O„¬î~¡â"³°Ø#KË (‹²kœOz#KË) U=°Q®°#°?
["Œ|°: ª•^•Î# ‹²kœOz# „²=°à@ H›$`ÇH›$`Ǽ`Ç, *ìý`Ç *ìý`Ç=¼`Ç,
㇕„¬ë`Ç ã‡•„¬ë^μ`Ç H›•°Q®°#°. J#Qê K͆ǰ=•‹²#k, Hêx,
`³•°‹¬°Hù#=•‹²#kHêx, ‡ÚO^Î=•‹²#kHêx Uq¶ LO_È^ΰ. ª•^•Î䛽#䛽
U^Íx …샕’㇕„²ë H›ey# „²=°à@, nxH›#ß Jk•H›"³°Ø# …샕’=òO_È^ÎQ®° ^Î$_•È
x‰×ó†Ç°=ò H›•°Q®°#°. J@° „²=°à@ J`Ç_È° Ì„¦¶~Œu Ì„¦¶~¡ ^ΰ—Y=ò
=•# 䛀_È qKÇe`Ç°_È°Hê_È°.
1) †Ç°O •ƒìœÞ KŒ„¬~¡O …샕’O =°#¼`Í <Œk•H›O `Ç`Ç— I
†Ç°‹²à<£ ‹²Ö`Ë # ^ΰ—Mè# Q®°~¡°}섲 qKŒ•¼`Í II (w`Ç 6Ð22)
44 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

‹²kœ‡ÚOk# `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç P†Ç°#…Õ U Jƒ•ì==òO_È^ΰ. U qt+¬“`Ç


LO_È^ΰ. `Ç#…Õ ZO`Ç=~¡ä›½ qt+¬“`Ç H›x„²OKÇ°<Ë, `Ç##° ‹²^ΰœ_È°
J#°Hù#°<Ë JO`Ç=~¡ä›½ P†Ç°#…Õ =¼+²“ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò (=¼H÷ë`ÇÞ=ò)
L#ß^Î#ß=¶>è. J`Çx…Õ =¼+²“ J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò#ßO`Ç=~¡ä›½, „¬izó•#ß`Ç,
q+¬=°`ÇÞ=ò, [_È`ÇÞ=ò, Jƒ•ì==ò, H›~¡ë$`ÇÞƒ•ÕH›ë$`ÇÞ=ò•° J‰§Ou
"³ò^Î…ÿá# ^Ë+¬=ò•° J`Çx…Õ q°ye†ÇòO_È°#°.
ㄬ‰×ß: L`Çø$+¬“ ª•^•Î䛽#䛽, ‹²^ΰœ#䛽 ƒ•è^Î"Í°q°?
["Œ|°: ª•^•Î#…Õ L#ß`Ç‹²Öu ㇕„²ëOz# `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç *ìãQ®^Î=‹¬Ö…Õ
ª•^•Î䛽x†Ç°O^ΰ [_È, KÍ`Ç<Œ q"ÍH›=ò ƒìQ®°Qê LO_È°#°. Hêx xã^¥=‹¬Ö…Õ
Jk =°~¡°Q®°# „¬_È°#°. xã^Î#°O_• …èz# `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç ª•^•Î䛽#䛽 P q"ÍH›=ò =°~¡•
㇕„¬ë=°Q®°#°. Hêx ‹²^ΰœx q"ÍH›=ò x~¡O`Ç~¡=òQê, ‹¬Þ`Ç—‹²^Îœ=òQê,
(ª•Þƒ•ìqH›=òQê) LO_È°#°. xã^Î#°O_• …èz# „²=°à@ P†Ç°# =°~¡• nxHù~¡ä›½
ㄬ†Ç°ußOKÇ=•‹²# „¬x…è^ΰ. L#ß`Ç ª•^•Î䛽_•x (‹²^ΰœ_•x) W`Ç~¡ =¼H÷ë
Q®°iëOKÇ…è_È°. ZO^ΰH›O>ÿ P†Ç°#k ‹¬Þ†Ç°O ‹¬O"Í^μ ‹²Öu H›#°H›.
ㄬ‰×ß: `Ç`ÇëÞAý_È°Ð`Ç`ÇëÞx+¬µ»_È°•…Õ `Í_¨ Uq°\÷?
["Œ|°: `Ç`ÇëÞAýx…Õ HùOK³=ò HË=°•`ÇÞ=òO_È°#°. `Ç`ÇëÞx+¬µ“x…Õ
^Î$_•È`ÇÞ =òO_È°#°. `Ç`ÇëÞAýx =¼=‚¬ð~¡O h\÷q¶^Î w‹²# w`Ç =O\÷k.
`Ç`ÇëÞx+¬µ»x =¼=‚¬ð~¡O PHê‰×=ò…Õ w‹²# w`Ç =O\÷k. `Ç`ÇëÞAýx…Õ HùO`Ç
„¬î~¡Þ ‹¬Oª•ø~¡=òO_È°#°. `Ç`ÇëÞx+¬µ»x…Õ „¬î~¡Þ ‹¬Oª•ø~¡"Í°q¶ LO_È^ΰ.
`ÇkÞ~¡°^Îœ=òQê JO`Ç—H›~¡}…Õ ‹¬Oª•ø~¡"Œ‹¬# U =¶ã`Ç=òO_È^ΰ. J^Í
q^•Î=òQê „¬~¡=¶`Çà`Ç`ÇëÞ ‹¬O|O^•Î"³°Ø# ^Î$_•Èƒ•ì==ò ‹¬^¥ Z@°Á#ß^Ë J>èÁ,
ª•Þƒ•ìqH›=òQê *ìQ®$`Ç"³°Ø LO_È°#°.
`Ç`ÇëÞ*ìý#=ò H›ey# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç `Ç`ÇëÞx+¬» H›•°Q®°@䛽 HùO`Ç
‹¬=°†Ç°=ò „¬@°“#°. Hêx ^¥xHù~¡ä›½ Uq¶ Jƒ•ì¼‹¬=ò Hêx, „¬iã‰×=°Hêx
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 45

K͆ǰ#H›ø~¡…è^ΰ. `Ç#O`Ç@ `Œ<Í ‹¬=°†Ç°O =zó#„¬C_È° x+¬»


‹¬O㇕„¬ë=°Q®°#°. L^¥: =ò•°Á|†Ç°@䛽 f‹²"Í‹²# `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç䛀_È HùO`Ç
<ù„²æ LO_È°#°. HùO`Ç ‹¬=°†Ç°O `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç ^¥#O`Ç@ J^Í `Çy¾‡é=ô#°.
x„¬Cq¶^Î h~¡°‡é‹²#KË x„¬C Pi‡é=ô#°. Hêx |¶_•^Î…Õ HùO`Ç"Í_•
LO_•‡é=ô#°. P "Í_• HùO`ÇÀ‹„¬\÷H÷ KÇ…ìÁi ‡é=ô#°. =$H›Æ=ü•=ò#°
#iH÷# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç ^¥x P䛽•° „¬KÇóQê<Í LO_È°#°. Hêx HùO`Ç
‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ Jq ZO_•‡é=ô#°. xã^Î#°O_• …èz# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç H›O_ÈÁq¶^Î
HùO`Ç ƒ•ì~¡=òO_È°#°. Hêx HùO`Ç À‹„¬~ò# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç Jk `Çy¾‡é=ô#°.
J>èÁ `Ç`ÇëÞAý_È° `ÇQ®°‹¬=°†Ç°O…Õ `Ç#䛽 `Œ<Í `Ç`ÇëÞx+¬µ»_ÈQ®°#x ƒ•ì==ò.
7. =°# ª•óOKÇ•¼ "³°@°Á‡é=ô#°?
''=°#‹¬°ž ‹²Öq°`Ç=òQê #°O_È°@…è^ΰ. Z„¬C_ȶ KÇOKÇ•=òQê<Í
LO_È°#°ÑÑ Ð D ~ËA•…Õ `Ç~¡KÇ°Qê W\÷“ =¶@•° qO@¶<Í LO\ì=ò.
H›#°H› =°#‹¬°ž#° x†Ç°OãuOKÇ°Hù#°@ Hù~¡ä›½#°, =°#ª•óOKÇ•¼=ò#°
1) ㇕„¬OzH› ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•° ƒì‚¬ì¼OQê#¶ J#°ƒ•’qO„¬|_È=KÇ°ó#°. =°#‹¬°ž`ËQ®¶_È
J#°ƒ•’qO„¬=KÇ°ó#°. ƒì‚¬ì¼=òQê ƒ•ÕQ®=ò• ##°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@, =°#‹¬°ž`Ë
"Œ\÷x zO`Ç#KÍ‹² ~¡ª•(‹¬°Y=ò) ª•Þ^Î# K͆Çò@, ï~O_•\÷…Õ#° Uq¶ ƒ•è^Î=ò
…è^ΰ. ƒì‚¬ì¼=òQê ~¡H÷ë`Ë ƒ•ÕQ®=ò •#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@=•# Z\÷“ ‹¬Oª•ø~¡=ò•°
H›•°Q®°<Ë, J\÷“ ‹¬Oª•ø~¡=ò•° =¶#‹²H› ƒ•ÕQê#°ƒ•’==ò =•# 䛀_È J#Qê
=°#‹¬°ž`Ë ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•†³òH›ø zO`Ç#`Ë ~¡ª•ª•Þ^Î# K͆Çò@=•# H›•°Q®°#°.
ƒ•ÕQ®=ò• †³òH›ø `Ç•O„¬ô ~Œ=@O=•# P `Ç•O„¬ô`Ë<Í ~¡ª•ª•Þ^Î#
J~ò#@Á~ò`Í Zxß ‹¬O=`Çž~¡=ò•° Q®_•z#„¬æ\÷H÷ P ƒ•ÕQ®O †Ç°^Š¥`Ç^ŠÎ=òQ®
(`Œ*ìQê) =°#‹¬°ž…Õ #°O_•‡é=ô#°. H›#°H› ƒ•ÕQ® zO`Ç# =•# Hù`Ç냕ÕQ®=ò•°
`džǶ~¡Q®°#°. WO`ÍHê^ΰ, =°#‹¬°ž…Õ ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•zO`Ç#, ‹¬°Y=°#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@=•#
~òOHê Z䛽ø= ‚¬ðx H›•°Q®°#°. …ÕH› =°~Œ¼^Î ##°‹¬iOz ª•=¶lH› ‹¬O|O^•Î=ò•…Õ
U^³á<Œ Q®O^Î~¡Qˈ×=ò [~¡°Q®°#<Í ƒ•’†Ç°=ò`Ë ƒì‚¬ì¼OQꃕÕQ®=ò•#°
`ǼlO„¬=KÇ°ó#°. Hêx =°#‹¬°ž…Õ ƒ•ÕQ®Ç=ò •#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@=•# |†Ç°\÷#°O_•
U ƒì^•Î LO_È^ΰ. Hê=ô# =°#‹¬°ž…Õ ƒ•ÕQ®=ò •#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@䛽 J=Hê‰×=ò
LO@¶<Í LO_È°#°. (Wk =¶#‹²H› =¼a•KŒ~¡=ò. Ð (J#°"Œ^Ρ䛽_È°)
46 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

‡•~¡ã^Ë•°@䛽 XH› =°Oz L‡•†Ç°=ò K³„¬æ|_È°KÇ°#ßk.


g° =°#‹¬°ž…Õ U P…ÕKÇ#•° =KÇ°ó<Ë "Œ\÷x J=Qꂬì#
KÍ‹¬°HË=…ÿ#°. Q®_•z# q+¬†Ç°=ò•° =òY¼=òQê *ìý„¬H›=ò#䛽
=KÇ°óKÇ°O_È°#°. P q+¬†Ç°=ò•° ƒì•¼Hê•=ò#"³á#„¬æ\÷H÷x, XH›ø H›Æ}=ò
=òO^ΰ"³á#„¬æ\÷H÷x J=x߆Çò ƒ•’¶`ÇHê•=ò#䛽 K³Ok#"Í. Q®_•z#
Hê•=ò…Õ q#ßq, KǶz#q, KÇkq#q, P…ÕzOz#q Jx߆Çò [ý„²ë…ÕxH÷
=KÇ°ó#°. ''=°#=ò P „¬x K͆ǰ=•†Çò#°, JH›ø_È䛽 "³ˆ×Á=•†Çò#°
„¦¬…ì<Œ "Œix H›•°==•†Çò#°, D "Œ¼‡•~¡=ò K͆ǰ=•†Çò#°ÑÑ
"³ò^Î…ÿá# T‚¬ì•° ~ŒƒÕ=ôHê•=ò (ƒ•’q+¬¼`Œø•=ò)#䛽 K³Ok#q 䛀_È
=°# =°#‹¬°ž…ÕxH÷ =KÇ°ó#°. D q^•Î=òQê ƒ•’¶`Ç, ƒ•’q+¬¼`Œø•=ò•ä›½
K³Ok# q+¬†Ç°=ò•° =°#‹¬°ž…ÕxH÷ =KÇ°ó#°. W\÷“ P…ÕKÇ#•° ~Œä›½O_¨
KÍ‹¬°Hù#°@䛽 J<ÍH› L‡•†Ç°=ò•°, =¶~¡¾=ò•° L#ßq. Jxß\÷H›O>ÿ
=°Oz L‡•†Ç°"³òH›\÷ L#ßk. Jk U^Î#Qê =°#‹¬°ž…Õ U q+¬†Ç°=ò•°
=zó##° Jq Q®uOz#q, W„¬C_È° …è=ô J#°Hùx "Œ\÷x LÀ„H÷ÆOz
`Ç@‹¬Ö"³áYi#=•OaOKÇ=…ÿ#°. J#Qê =~¡ë=¶#=ò…Õ "Œ\÷`Ë =°#öHq¶
‹¬O|O^•ÎO…è^ΰ Jx x~¡â~òOKÇ°HË=…ÿ#°. Wk <Í~¡°óHù#=•‹²#
q+¬†Ç°=òHê^ΰ, J#°ƒ•’=‹²^Îœ=ò Hê=•‹²# q+¬†Ç°=ò.
ƒ•’¶`ÇHê•=ò#䛽 ‹¬~¡Þ^¥ Jƒ•ì="Í°. (Jk…è#>èÁ) ƒ•’¶`ÇHê•=ò#öH
Jƒ•ì==ò#ß@Á~ò`Í, PHê•=ò…Õ [iy# ‹¬O„¦¬°@#•xß\÷H© Jƒ•ì="Í°
=iëOKÇ°#° Q®^¥! Q®_Èz# ‹¬O„¦¬°@#•…Õ ï~O_È° q^•Î=ò…ÿá# q+¬†Ç°=ò•°
LO_È°#°. XH›\÷: ''=°#=ò ƒ•ÕQê•#° J#°ƒ•’qOz<Œ=ò! ï~O_È°: q<Œß=ò,
KÇkq<Œ=ò, q_•zÌ„\÷“<Œ=ò. H›#°H›<Í =°#‹¬°ž#䛽 ï~O_È° ƒ•è^Î=ò•°#ß=x
K³„¬æ|_•#q. Ð =°O^Î"³°Ø#k, fã="³°Ø#k. J#°ƒ•’qOKÇx ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•° U"³á`Í
*ìý„¬H›=ò#䛽 =ÇKÇ°ó<Ë =°O^Î =°#‹¬°ž#䛽 ‹¬O|Ok•Oz#q. J#°ƒ•’qOz#
ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•° U"³á`Í `Ç•„¬ô#䛽 =KÇ°ó<Ë Jq fã==°#‹¬°ž#䛽
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 47

‹¬O|Ok•Oz#q. J#°ƒ•’qOz# ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•° ZO`Ç P‹¬H÷ë „¬î~¡ÞH›=òQê,


ZO`Ç À‹ß‚¬ì`Ç`Çæ~¡`Ç „¬î~¡ÞH›=òQê J#°ƒ•’qO„¬|_•#"Ë "Œ\÷
*ìý„¬H›=ò䛀_¨ JO`Ç Z䛽ø=Qê<Í =KÇ°ó#°. Jq JO`Ç `ùO^Î~¡Qê
‹¬=°‹²‡é=ô. =°^•Î°‹¬¶^Î<ŒKŒ~¡°¼x 'ƒ•’H÷ë~¡ª•†Ç°#=òÑÑ J#° ãQ®O^ŠÎ=ò…Õ
~ò@°Á K³„¬æ|_•#k Ð ''Hê=°, ãHË^•Î, ƒ•’†Ç°, À‹ß‚¬ì, ‚¬ì~¡Â ‰ÕH› ^ΆǶ
^Άǰ— `Œ„¬Hêtó`Çë [`Ç°# ‹¬ëKŒó•<ñë H›i”#O `Ç° `Ç`Ÿ II (1Ð5) Hê=°,
ãHË^•Î, ƒ•’†Ç°, À‹ß‚¬ì, ‚¬ì~¡Â, ‰ÕH›, ^Άǰ "³ò^Î…ÿá# ƒ•ì==ò•°, z`Çë=°<Í
•H›ø#° H›iyO„¬ K͆Çò#\÷“q. ƒ•ì==°<Í L+â¬`Ç KÇ•Á|_•# „²=°à@ z`Çë=°<Í
•H›ø Z„¬æ\÷=…ÿ =°~¡• Q®\÷“„¬_È°#°. Hêx "Í_•`Ë H›e‹²#KË P •H›ø
H›iy‡é=ô#°. "³°Ø#=ò 䛀_È HùOK³=ò "Í_• `Çye#KË H›iy‡é=ô#°.
^¥xg°^Î ~¡OQ®° =ôOz Xuë#@Á~ò`Í HùOK³=ò ~¡OQ®° JO@°Hù#°#°. Hêx
QË\÷`Ë g°\÷#KË Jk T_•‡é=ô#°. Hêx XH› y<³ß…Õ "³°Ø#=ò =ôOz
x„¬Cg°^Î Ì„\÷“ JO^ΰ…Õ ~¡OQ®° H›e„²#KË P ~¡OQ®° JO^ΰ…Õ H›e‹²‡é=ô#°.
"³°Ø#=ò KÇ•Á|_•# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç ä›€_È P ~¡OQ®° H›x„²OKÇ°KÇ°<Í LO_È°#°. D
q^•Î=òQ®<Í U ƒ•ÕQ®=ò •#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°@…Õ, „¦¬°@#…Õ =°# z`Çë=ò ZO`ÇQê
H›iy‡é=ô<Ë, JO`Ç Z䛽ø=Qê =°#=ò "Œ\÷…Õ `ÇsÁ#=°~ò‡é=ô^ΰ=°x
`Ç•KÇ=…ÿ#°. "Œ\÷ ~¡OQ®° =°# =°#‹¬°ž…Õ Q®\÷“Qê „¬\÷“ L#ß^Î#ß=¶@.
H›#°H› "Œ\÷ *ìý„¬H›=ò =°#䛽 Z䛽ø=Qê =KÇ°óKÇ°O_È°#°. Q®_Èz#
Hê•=ò…Õ (ƒ•’¶`ÇHê•=ò) =°#=ò U ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•#°
J#°ƒ•’qOz†ÇòO\÷"³¶ Jq ~ò„¬C_È° …è=ô. Jq =°# H›iy# z`Çë=ò…Õ
JO@°Hùx†Çò#ßq. H›#°H› Jq =¶\÷ =¶\÷H÷ fã==òQê [ý„²ëH÷ =KÇ°óKÇ°<Í
†ÇòO_È°#°. P‹¬H÷ë`Ë J#°~ŒQ®=ò`Ë J#°ƒ•’qO„¬|_•# ƒ•ÕQ®=ò•° Z<Ëß
‹¬O=`Çž~¡=ò•° Q®_•z#„¬æ\÷H÷ †Ç°^Š¥`Ç^ŠÎ=òQ®<Í †ÇòO_È°#°. Jq
Z„¬æ\÷=…ÿ L#ß„¬æ\÷H÷ Q®_•z# Hê•=ò…Õx"Í. W„¬æ\÷qHê=ô. W\÷“
P…ÕKÇ#•#°O_• "Œ\÷x `Ç„²æOKÇ°>è =°Oz†ÇòH÷ë. H›#°H› Jq …èx=h,
"Œ\÷=•# Uq¶ L„¬†³¶Q®=ò…è^Îh Q®\÷“Qê J~¡Ö=ò KÍ‹¬°Hù#=…ÿ#°. Wk
48 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

‹¬O‰×†Ç°~¡‚²ì`Ç"³°Ø# Q®\÷“ =¶@. P „¦¬°@# ~ò„¬C_È° …è^ΰ. P =‹¬°ë=ô


~ò„¬C_È° …è^ΰ. P ãH÷†Ç° ~ò„¬C_È° …è^ΰ. P ª•OQ®`Ǽ=ò ~ò„¬C_È° …è^ΰ.
=°#=ò ~ü ‹¬O„¦¬°@#•° "³ò^Î…ÿá# "Œ\÷x ^ζ~¡=ò
KÍ^¥í=°#°Hù#°KÇ°<Œß=ò. z`Çë=ò#° ‰×Ãフ’„¬~¡Kǰ䛽O^¥=°#°Hù#°KÇ°<Œß=ò.
W@Á#°Hù#ßO`Ç =¶ã`Ç=ò# Jq‡é=ô. z`Çë=ò#° ‹¬i k^ΰí䛽O^¥=°<Œß Jk
`ùO^Î~¡Qê ª•^•Î¼=°†Í°¼k Hê^ΰ. ^¥xx `Ç„²æ^¥í=°<Œß, ‹¬i†³Ø°# „¬^Îœu…Õ
Ì„@°“^¥=°<Œß ^¥xH÷ ‹¬`Ç°ëH›eyOz ^Î$_•È=òQê K͆ǰ=…ÿ#°. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê
~ò„¬C_È° Jk …è<Í…è^ΰ. Jk …è#„¬C_È° ^¥xx Q®°iOz =°#‹¬°ž KÇeOKÇ°@
ZO^ΰ䛽? …èx^¥xx Q®°iOz =°#=ò ^ΰ—dOKÇ°KÇ°<Œß=ò. Wk
P‰×ó~¡¼H›~¡"³°Ø# q+¬†Ç°=ò. ^ÍxïHá`Í Jƒ•ì==ò#ß^Ë ^¥xx Q®¶ió =°#=ò
ƒ•’†Ç°H›O„²`Ç°• =°Q®°KÇ°<Œß=ò.
Hê=°, ãHË^•Î, ƒ•’†Ç°, À‹ß‚¬ì, ‚¬ì~¡Â, ‰ÕH›, ^ΆǰÐWq U_È° =°<Ë
qHê~¡=ò•°. g\÷=•# z`Çë=ò H›•y‡é=ô#°. HËiH›`Ë ƒ•ÕQ®=ò
•#°ƒ•’qOz#@Á~ò`Í P HËiH› ZO`Ç fã="³°Ø#^³á`Í JO`Ç Z䛽ø=Qê
z`Çë=ò H›~¡°Q®°`Ç°Ok. JO`Í Z䛽ø=Qê *ìý„¬H›=òO@°Ok. ãHË^•Î=ò
fã==òQê =zó#@Á~ò`Í z`Çë=ò Z䛽ø=Qê H›~¡°Q®°`Ç°Ok. Z„¬C_³á<Œ, U
Hê~¡}=òKÍ`³á<Œ fã="³°Ø# ƒ•’†Ç°=ò H›ey#@Á~ò`Í Jk䛀_È Z䛽ø=Qê
‹²Ö~¡„¬_•†ÇòO_È°#°. Jk `ùO^Î~¡Qê ‡é^ΰ䛀_È. D q^•Î=òQ®<Í
Z=i`Ë>ÿØ<Œ Z䛽ø= À‹ß‚¬ì=ò H›ey#>ÿÁå`Í z`Çë=ò H›~¡°Q®°#°. À‹ß‚²ì`Ç°_•x
H›•=@=ò =•# ‹¬O`Ë+¬=ò H›•°Q®°`Ç°Ok. ^¥x=•# z`Çë=ò H›~¡°Q®°#°.
Z=ï~á<Œ Pfà†Çò•° KÇx‡é~ò#@Á~ò`Í J`ÇxH÷ KŒ• ‰ÕH›=ò H›•°Q®°#°.
Jk z`Çë=ò…ÕKË@° KÍ‹¬°Hù#°#°. `Ç䛽ø= ‰ÕH›"³°Ø`Í `Ç䛽ø= KË@°
KÍ‹¬°Hù#°#°. Z=iÌ„á<³á<Œ ^ΆǰH›ey#@Á~ò`Í Jk z`Çë=ò…Õ KË@°
KÍ‹¬°Hù#°#°. Hêx ''Jk ~ò„¬C_È°…è^ΰ.ÑÑ Ð J<Ík Q®\÷“=¶@. =\÷“=¶@ Hê^ΰ.
䛽H›ø ‰×s~¡=ò q¶^Î „¬ôO_È° J~ò#@Á~ò`Í Jk P „¬ôO_È°#°
<Œä›½`Ç°Ok. ^¥x <Œ•°H›#°O_• ㋬qOKÍ …ì…ì[•=ò#O^ΰ
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 49

=¶<Íæ‰×H÷ë=ôOk. ^¥x=•# P „¬ôO_È° =¶x‡é=ô#°. Hêx HËu ‰×s~¡=òq¶^Î


„¬ôO_È° J~ò#KË Jk ^¥xx =¶\÷=¶\÷H÷ ïH•°ä›½`Ç°Ok. JO^ΰ=•# P
„¬ôO_È° =¶#^ΰ. D ï~O_È° q^•Î=ò•~ò# KÇ~¡¼•° <Œä›½@ ïH•°ä›½@:Ð
W„¬C_È° …è^ΰ J<Ík <Œä›½@. ^¥xx [ý„²ëH÷ `³KÇ°óHù#°@ ïH•°ä›½@ =O\÷k.
^¥x x"Œ~¡} ㄬ†Ç°`Çß=ò 䛀_È ïH•°ä›½@ =O\÷k. L^¥:Ð XH›x
䛽=¶~¡°_È° KÇx‡é~ò<Œ_È#° HËO_•! J`Ç_È° P 䛽=¶~¡°x =¶\÷=¶\÷H÷
‹¬àiOKÇ°Hù#°KÇ°O_È°#°. ''ZO`Ç=°Oz"Œ_È° KÇx‡é~ò<Œ_È°ÑÑ Jx. J`Ç_È°
[ý„²ëH÷ `³KÇ°óHù#H›‡é~ò##° ㄬ[•° ^¥xx *ìý„¬H›=ò KÍ‹¬¶ë LO^ΰ~¡°.
¢‹Ôë•° `Ç~¡°KÇ°Qê ~ò@°=O\÷ *ìý„¬H›=ò•° K͆ÇòKÇ°O^ΰ~¡°ÐP ƒì•°_È°
<Œ XˆÕÁ 䛀~¡°ó<Í"Œ_È°. W…ì ##°ß ‚¬ì`Ç°ë䛽‡é†Í°"Œ_È°, "Œ_È°
~ò@°ÁO_Í"Œ_È°, "Œx ~¡¶„¬=ò ~ò@°ÁO_Ík, "Œ_• KÇ°~¡°ä›½^Î#=ò
~ò@°ÁO_ÍkÑÑ Jx. JO^ΰ=•# P ƒì^•Î~òOH›#° Z䛽ø=Q®°#°. ^ΰ—Y=ò
Ì„~¡°Q®°`Ç°Ok. P „²•Á"Œx *ìý„¬H›=ò Z䛽ø=Qê =‹¬¶ë LO@°Ok. D
q^•Î=òQê Hê=°, ãHË^•Î, ƒ•’†Ç° "³ò^Î…ÿá# "Œ\÷x *ìý„¬H›=ò KÍ‹¬°Hù#°@ P
„¬ôO_È°#° Ì„OKÇ°Hù#°@ =O\÷^Í. ZO`Ç Hê=°, ãHË^•Î, …Õƒ•’,
"³¶‚¬ì=ò•°#ß#° P‹¬H÷ë†Çò#ß#°, Zx߃•ÕQ®ƒ•ìQ®¼=ò•°#ß#°, "Œ‹¬ë==òQê
XH›„¬C_È° LO_³#°, W„¬C_È° …è=ô Jx x‰×ó~òOKÇ°Hùx P „¬ôO_È°#°
=¶#°æHù#=•†Çò#°Ð ''<Œ‹¬`Ë q^μ`Í ƒ•ì=iÑÑ. U=¼ä›½ë• „¬@Á =°#䛽
À‹ß‚¬ì=òO_³<Ë, "³¶‚¬ì=òO_³<Ë "Œ~¡O^Î~¡° KÇx‡é~òi …è^¥
^ζ~¡=°~ò‡é~òi. "Œ~ùH› KË@ L<Œß~¡°, =°#"³òH›KË@ L<Œß=ò.
W„¬C_³á`Í P =¼ä›½ë•° …è~¡°. P ^͉×=ò …è^ΰ, P ‹¬=°†Ç°=ò …è^ΰ. P J=‹¬Ö
…è^ΰ, P „¬i‹²Öu …è^ΰ, ^Î$_•Èz`Çë=ò`Ë P Jƒ•ì==ò#°
x‰×ó~òOKÇ°Hù#=…ÿ#°. "Œ\÷#xß\÷x LÀ„H÷ÆOKÇ=…ÿ#°. "Œ\÷`Ë ~ŒQ®=ò
=^ΰí, ^ÍÞ+¬=ò =^ΰí Jx x‰×ó~òOKÇ°Hùx `Ç@‹¬°Ö•=ò Hê=•†Çò#°.
ㄬ‰×ß : ƒ•’¶`ÇHê•=ò, ƒ•’q+¬¼`Œø•=ò W„¬C_È° …è=ô. J~ò`Í
=~¡ë=¶#Hê•=ò q+¬†Ç°"Í°q°\÷?
50 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

["Œ|°: "Œ‹¬ë==òQ® =~¡ë=¶#Hê•=ò …è<Í …è^ΰ. ƒ•’¶`ǃ•’q+¬¼`Œø•=ò•


‹¬Ok•<Í (䛀_•H›) =~¡ë=¶#=°O^ΰ~¡°. ‡•}÷x "Œ¼H›~¡} =°O^ùH›
‹¬¶ã`Ç=ò#ßk. ''=~¡ë=¶# ª•q¶À„¼ =~¡ë=¶# =^¥ÞÑÑ (3Ð3Ð131) J#Qê
=~¡ë=¶# ª•q¶„¬¼=ò 䛀_È =~¡ë=¶#=ò =…ÿ<Í LO_È°#°H›^¥: ''<Í#°
~ò„¬C_Í =zó<Œ#°ÑÑÐ~ò@°Á ƒ•’¶`ÇHê•=ò…Õ K³„¬C^ΰ~¡°. ''<Í#° ~ò„¬C_Í
"³ˆ×ÃÁKÇ°<Œß#°ÑÑÐWk ƒ•’q+¬¼`Œø•=ò# K³„¬æ|_È°#°. Wk =~¡ë=¶#
ª•q¶„¬¼=ò. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê =~¡ë=¶# ª•q¶„¬¼=ò<Í =~¡ë=¶# Hê•=°O^ΰ~¡°.
=~¡ë=¶# Hê•=°O@¶ =ôO>è Jk ƒ•’¶`ÇHê•=òQê =¶~¡^ΰ.
"Œ‹¬ë==òQ® ^Í‰× Hê…ì^ΰ•° …è=ô. `Ç`ÇëÞ"Í° =~¡ë=¶#=ò. ㄬuH›Æ}=ò
=¶ö~k =~¡ë=¶#=ò Hê^ΰ. ^¥xH÷ a•#ß=òQê Z„¬C_ȶ =¶~¡x^Í
=~¡ë=¶#=ò. (Jk =¶~¡°æ…èxk, ‰§‰×Þ`Ç"³°Ø#k) P `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò ƒ•’¶`Ç, ƒ•’q+¬¼`Ÿ,
=~¡ë=¶#=ò•…Õ Z•Á„¬C_ȶ =~¡ë=¶#"³°Ø LO@°Ok. Hêx P `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò…Õ
ƒ•’¶`ÇHê•=ò …è^ΰ, ƒ•’q+¬¼`Ç°ë…è^ΰ, =~¡ë=¶#=ò …è^ΰ. Hê•=ò…Õ '‹¬`ŸÑ
„¬^¥~¡Ö=ò#ßk. Hêx ‹¬`Ç°ë…Õ Hê•=ò …è^ΰ. Hê•=òH›O>è '‹¬`Ç°ëÑ Jf`Ç"³°Ø#k.
=~¡ë=¶#=ò '‹¬`ŸÑ ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò#ßk. JO^Îi „¬@Á ^Ë+¬ ~¡‚²ì`Ç"³°Ø#k.
ㄬ‰§O`Ç"³°Ø#k. H›#°H› ƒ•’¶`ǃ•’q+¬¼`Ÿ =~¡ë=¶#Ð=ü_È° Hê•=ò• ㄬ‹¬H÷ëx
q_•zÌ„\÷“ x~Ëí+¬"³°Ø#\÷“†Çò. ㄬ‰§O`Ç"³°Ø#\÷“†Çò '‹¬`Ç°ëÑ…Õ ‹²Ö~¡=òQ®
LO_È=…ÿ#°. J#Qê `Ç# ‹¬Þ`Ç ‹²ž^Îœ ‹²Öu ##°ƒ•’qOKÇ=…ÿ#°. P J#°ƒ•’==ò
H›ey# `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç =°#‹¬°ž LO_È^ΰ, =°#ª•óOKÇ•¼=ò LO_È^ΰ. öH=•=ò
'‹¬`Ç°ëÑ =¶ã`Ç"Í° LO_È°#°.
ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò…Õ ‹¬°MèKÍó• ‹¬~¡Þ^ΰ—Y=ò•ä›½ =ü•=ò ‹¬°MèKÇó•
…è䛽O>è U ^ΰ—Y=ü LO_È^ΰ.ÑÑ W@°ÁO_È=…ÿ#°, W@°ÁO_È ä›€_È^ΰÑÑÐ D
HËiH›…Õ<Í ‹¬O„¬î~¡â ^ΰ—Y=ò#ßk. ã|`ǰ䛽^¥=°<Í WKÇó• LO_È°@=•#<Í
=¶#=ô#䛽 =°$`Ç°¼‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ ƒ•’†Ç°OH›~¡"³°Ø# H›+¬“=ò H›•°Q®°`Ç°Ok.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 51

ZO^ΰKÍ`Ç##Qê, J`Ç_È° ã|`ǰ䛽^¥=°x HË~¡°ä›½O\ì_È°. Hêx KÇx‡é=@O


`Ç„¬æ^ΰ. rqOKÍ WKÇó• …èH›‡é~ò#KË =°~¡} ‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ U H›+¬“=ò
LO_È^ΰ. ^¥xH÷ |^ΰ•°Qê ƒì•°_È° #°O_• †Çò=䛽_È°, †Çò=䛽_• #°O_•
=$^ΰœ_È° J~ò#„¬C_È° J#Qê ƒì•¼=ò, †Ç°¿=#=ò, =$^¥œ„¬¼=ò
Q®_Èz#Hùní U q^•Î"³°Ø# H›+¬“=òO_È^ΰ. J^Í q^•Î=òQê ‰×s~¡=ò
q_•z#„¬C_È° 䛀_È Uq¶ H›+¬“=òO_È^ΰ. w`Ç…Õ ~ò@°Á K³„¬æ|_•#k.
''^Í‚²ì<Ë-‹²à#¼^•¥ ^ÍÀ‚ì HÒ=¶~¡O †Ç°¿=#O [~Œ I
`Ç^Š¥ ^Í‚¬ðO`Ç~¡ã‡•„²ësœ~¡‹¬ëã`Ç # =ò‚¬ì¼u II (w`Ç 2Ð13)
^Í‚²ì †³òH›ø ^Í‚¬ì=ò…Õ ƒì•¼=ò, †Ç°¿=#=ò, =$^¥œ„¬¼=ò Z@°Á
=KÇ°ó<Ë J>èÁ =°i†³òH› ^Í‚¬ì=ò ‹¬O㇕„¬ë=°Q®°#°. D q+¬†Ç°=ò…Õ
n•~¡„¬ô~¡°+¬µ_È° "³¶‚²ì`Ç°_È° Hê_È°.
''"Œª•O‹² r~Œâx †Ç°^Š¥ q‚¬ð†Ç° #"Œx Q®$‚¬ðâu #~Ë-„¬~Œ}÷ I
`Ç^Š¥ ‰×s~Œ}÷ q‚¬ð†Ç° r~Œâ#¼<Œ¼x ‹¬O†Ç¶u #"Œx ^Í‚Ôì II (w`Ç 2/22)
=°#°+¬µ¼_È° ‡•`Ç=㋬ë=ò•#° q_•z ãHù`Çë =㋬ë=ò• <³@°Á
^•ÎiOKÇ°<Ë J>èÁ ^Í‚²ì r~¡â ‰×s~¡=ò#° =^Îe Hù`Çë ‰×s~¡=ò…ÕxH÷
ㄬ"ÍtOKÇ°#°. ‰×s~¡=ò q¶^Î P ^•¥¼‹¬ J#Qê <Í#° J<Í ƒ•ì==ò, <Œk J<Í
ƒ•ì==ò LO_È°@=•# ã|`ÇH›@=°O>è HËï~ø, KŒ=@=°O>è ƒ•’†Ç°=ò
U~¡æ_È°KÇ°#ßk. Hê~¡} "Í°=°#Qê ‰×s~¡=ò #‰×Þ~¡=ò. Hêx P`Çà
J#‰×Þ~¡=ò. Hê=ô# ^¥xx Z=~¡° <Œ‰×#=ò K͆ǰ*ì•~¡°.
''q<Œ‰×=°=¼†Ç°ª•¼‹¬¼ # H›tó`Çø~¡°ë =°~¡ÝuÑÑII (w`Ç 2Ð17) ''#‚¬ì#¼`Í
‚¬ì#¼=¶<Í ‰×sö~ÑÑ (w`Ç2Ð20) ~Œ"£° =°ö~`Ë "³°Ø =°~¡°– #‚²ì–`Ë =°ö~
|…솟° Jq<ŒjHê ƒì•Hê, =°ö~ # =¶~Œ *솟°II ‰×s~¡=ò ㄬuH›Æ}=ò
=°~¡}÷‹¬°ëOk. XH› H›Æ}=ò 䛀_È PQ®^ΰ. P`Çà x~¡O`Ç~¡O Z„¬æ\÷=…ÿ<Í
LO_È°#°. XH›ø H›Æ}=ò 䛀_È =¶~¡°æK³O^Î^ΰ. rq`ÍKÇó•, =°$`Ç°¼ƒ•’†Ç°=ò
‰×s~¡=ò#䛽 …è=ô. P`ÇàH›O`Ç H›O>è …è=ô. `Œ#° ‹¬Þ†Ç°OQê Jq<Œt†³Ø°
52 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

†ÇòO_•ä›€_È <Œ‰×#=°Q®° ‰×s~¡=ò#° `Ç# ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò J#°Hù#°<Ë. (<Í#°,


<Œk J<Í ƒ•ì==ò H›ey†ÇòO_È°@). J`ÇxöH =°$`Ç°¼ƒ•’†Ç°=ò. ‰×s~¡=ò#°
`Ç# ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=°#°Hù#°@ Jq"ÍH›=ò. ‡Ú~¡‡•@° (ㄬ=¶^ÎO) P ‡Ú~¡‡•>è
=°$`Ç°¼=ôÐ''ㄬ=¶^Ë "³á=°$`Ç°¼—ÑÑÐ(=°‚¬ðƒ•ìÐL^˼Q® 42Ð4)
ㄬH›$u…Õ L#ß „¬ô~¡°+¬µ_Í ‹¬°Y^ΰ—Y=ò•ä›½ ƒ•ÕH›ë†Ç°Q®°#°Ð''„¬ô~¡°+¬—
ㄬH›$uªéÖ‚²ìƒ•’°OöHë ㄬH›$u *ì#°¾}ì<£ÑÑ (w`Ç 13Ð21)
Jq"ÍH›O Hê~¡}=òQê J‹¬•° ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò (P`Çà‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò)#°
‰×s~¡=òQê#°, ‰×s~¡=ò#° `Ç# (P`Çà) ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=òQê#° J#°Hù#°@
Jq"ÍH›=ò. D Jq"ÍH›"Í° ^ΰ—Y=ò#䛽 Hê~¡}=ò. #tOKÇ°#\÷“^¥xx `Ç#
‹¬ÞO`Ç=°#°Hùx, `Ç# =^Îí<Í LOKǰ䛽O^¥=°#°Hù#°KÇ°<Œß_È°. <Œ‰×#=ò
…è#\÷“ ^¥xx `³•°‹¬°Hù#°@䛽 ㄬ†Ç°`Çß"³°Ø##¶ K͆ǰ_È°. JO^ΰKÍ`Ç<Í
=¶#=ô_È° H›+¬“=ò• ‡••Q®°KÇ°<Œß_È°. #tOKÇ°#\÷“^¥xx `Ç#
‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=°#°HË䛽O_¨ #tOKÇ°#\÷“ `Ç# J‹¬•° ‹¬Þ~¡¶„¬=ò#° `³•°‹¬°Hù#ßKË
^ΰ—Y"Í° LO_È^Îx `Œ`Çæ~¡¼=ò.
‰×s~¡=ò „¬@Á '<Í#°Ñ '<ŒkÑ J<Í ƒ•ì==ò ZO`Ç Jk•H›=òQê LO_È°<Ë
=°$`Ç°¼ ‹¬=°†Ç°O…Õ ƒì^•Î䛀_¨ JO`Í Jk•H›=òQê #°O_È°#°. ㄬ„¬OKÇ=ò…Õ
ZO^Î~Ë KÇx‡é=ôKÇ°O^ΰ~¡°. "Œi =°~¡}O„¬@Á =°#öHq¶ Mè^Î=ò H›•°Q®^ΰ.
H›+¬“=ò H›•°Q®^ΰ. ZO^ΰH›#Qê "Œi…Õ '<Í#°Ñ Ð '<ŒkÑ J<Í ƒ•ì==òO_È^ΰ.
=°$`Ç°¼Hê•=ò…Õ U^Ë ƒì^•Î LO_È°#°, ^ΰ—Y=ò LO_È°#°. ƒì^•Î
(H›+¬“=ò) ‰×s~¡=ò…Õ #°O_È°#°, ^ΰ—Y=ò =°#‹¬°ž#O^ΰO_È°#°. "³á~ŒQ®¼
‹¬O„¬#°ß_³á# =¶#=ô#䛽 H›‘•“#°ƒ•’==òO_È°#°. ^ΰ—Y=ò =¶ã`Ç=òO_È^ΰ.
^Í‚¬ð‹¬H÷ë Q®• =¶#=ô#䛽 H›eöQ ƒ•’†Ç°OH›~¡"³°Ø# H›‘•“#°ƒ•’==ò q~Œy†³Ø°#
=¶#=ô#䛽 LO_È^ΰ. Hêx Z=xïHá`Í `Ç`ÇëÞƒÕ^•Î, ƒ•’Q®=ã`Íæ=° ㇕„²ëOKÇ°<Ë P
`Ç`ÇëÞ[ý r=#°à䛽ë#䛽, ƒ•’Q®=ã`Íæ=° H›ey# =°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µ#䛽 P
H›‘•“#°ƒ•’==òO_È^ΰ. ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x KÇ~¡}=ò•†Ç°O^ΰ ãÀ„=°xe„²# "ŒiH÷
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 53

=°~¡} ‹¬=°†Ç°O…Õ U q^•Î"³°Ø# ^ΰ—Y=òQêx, H›+¬“=ò Hêx H›•°Q®^ΰ.


U#°Q®°"³°_È…Õ "͆ǰ|_•# „¬î•=¶• `³y ãH÷O^΄¬_•#KË ^¥xH÷
Jk„¬_•‡é~ò#>èÁ `³e†Ç°^ΰ. J@°•<Í "ŒiH÷ `Ç# ‰×s~¡=ò `Ç# #°O_•
"Í~¡~ò‡é~ò#>èÁ `³e†Ç°^ΰ.
''~Œ=° KÇ~¡} ^Î$_•È ã„Ôu H›i ƒìe H©#Ý `Ç#° `Œ¼Q® I
‹¬°=°# =¶• lq° H›O~”¡ `³ y~¡`Ç # *ìx~ò <ŒQ® II (=¶#‹¬ 4Ð10)
P`ÇàƒÕ^•Î J~ò# „²=°à@ =°#°+¬µ¼#䛽 ‹¬zó^¥#O^Î ~¡¶„¬`Ç`ÇëÞO…Õ
`Ç# ª•Þƒ•ìqH› ‹²Öu J#°ƒ•’==ò…ÕxH÷ =KÇ°ó#°. P `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò…Õ Z„¬C_ȶ
„¬i=~¡ë#=ò …è䛽O_³#°. W„¬C_È° …è^ΰ. =òO^ΰ LO_È^ΰ. LO_È*ì•^ΰ. P
ãÀ„=°`Ç`ÇëÞO ㇕„²ëOz# `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç =¶#=ô#䛽 XH› q•H›Æ} ~¡ª•#°ƒ•’==ò
H›•°Q®°#°. ãÀ„=°`Ç`ÇëÞ=ò ㄬuH›Æ}=ò =$kœK³O^ΰ ‹¬Þƒ•ì==ò H›•k.
P`ÇàƒÕ^•Î, ãÀ„=°ã‡•„²ë •a•Oz# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç =°~¡}=ò…Õ ä›€_È
ã|‚¬ðà#O^¥#°ƒ•’==ò H›•°Q®°#°. Hê~¡} "Í°=°O>è =°~¡}Hê•=ò…Õ
`Ç`ÇëÞAý_³á# =¶#=ô_È° XöH ‰×s~¡=ò…Õ |Ok•O„¬|_•†ÇòO_ÈH› ‹¬~¡Þ"Œ¼„²ë
J~ò†ÇòO_È°#°. ƒ•’Q®=ã`Íæq°†³Ø°# =¶#=ô_È° ƒ•’Q®=O`Ç°x …ÕH›=ò…Õ,
ƒ•’Q®=`Íž=…Õ KÍi‡é=ô#°.
<Í#°, <Œk J<̓•ì==ò `ù•Q®x =¶#=ôxH÷ 䛀_È =°~¡}ƒì^•Î…Õ
‹¬°Mì#°ƒ•’¶u H›•°Q®=KÇ°ó. L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽 ‰×´~¡°_È°, g~¡°_³á#, Ì‹áx䛽x…Õ
g~¡~¡ª•xH÷ =ü•"³°Ø# 'L`Œž‚¬ì=òÑ LO_È°@ =•# ‰×s~¡=ò#䛽 ƒì^•Î
H›ey#„¬æ\÷H÷ J`ÇxH÷ H›+¬“=°x„²OKÇ^ΰ. J~ò`Í H›~¡ë=¼ x~¡Þ‚¬ì}…Õ J`ÇxH÷
‹¬°Mì#°ƒ•’¶u H›•°Q®°#°. J`Çx…Õ ZO`Ç L`Œž‚¬ì=òO_È°#O>è `Ç•`³y
„¬_È°`Ç°<Œß ‹¬ö~ (z=iH›Æ}=ò =~¡ä›½) ‰×ã`Ç°=ô`Ë †Çò^Îœ=ò K͆ÇòKÇ°<Í
LO_È°#°. Y°n~ŒOƒÕ‹¬°ä›½ LitH›Æ „¬_•# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç `Ç# L^Íí‰×¼=ò
<³~¡"ÍiO^Î<Í L`Œž‚¬ì=ò…Õ P†Ç°# |~¡°=ô ~òOHê Ì„iy#k. ¢‹ÔëH÷ ㄬ‹¬=
‹¬=°†Ç°=ò…Õ KŒ…ì "Í^Î# H›•°Q®°#°. Hêx „¬ôã`Ç"Œ¼"³¶‚¬ì Hê~¡}=ò#
54 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

P"³°ä›½ H›+¬“=°x„²OKÇ^ΰ. ‹¬iH›^¥ XH› q^•Î"³°Ø# ‹¬°Y"Í° J#°ƒ•’qOKÇ°#°.


^¥x=òO^ΰ ㄬ‹¬="Í^Î# JQ®}¼=ò. …Õa•H÷ ^•Î#=ò Y~¡°óK͆Çò#„¬ô_È°
KŒ• H›+¬“=°x„²OKÇ°#°. U „¬x†Ç°O^³á`Í ^•Î#=ò Ì„@°“|_•Ì„\÷“# Jk•H›
…샕’=ò =KÇ°ó<Ë ^¥x†Ç°O^Í `Ç# =^Îí#°#ß ^•Î#=°O`Œ Ì„@°“|_• Ì„@°“#°.
WO`ÍHê䛽O_¨ J=‹¬~¡"³°Ø#KË Z䛽ø= =_™ÛH÷ J„¬C `³KÇ°ó@䛽
ª•‚¬ì‹²OKÇ°#°. …샕’=ò ‡ÚO^¥•<Í P‰×`Ë Ì„@°“|_• Ì„@°“@䛽 Uq¶
H›+¬“=°x„²OKÇ^ΰ. `LJé^•Î#°•° =°O_È°"Í‹¬q…Õ „¬OKŒyß `Ç„¬‹¬°ž
K͆Çò^ΰ~¡°. "ŒiH÷ ‰§s~¡H› H›+¬“=ò H›ey#„¬æ\÷H÷ ƒì^•Î„¬_È~¡°. ‹¬iH›^¥!
`Ç„¬À‹ž L^Íí‰×¼=°Q®°@ =•# ㄬ‹¬#ßz`Ç°ë…ÿá †ÇòO^ΰ~¡°. ƒ•ì~¡¼, „¬ôã`Ç, ^•Î#,
Q®$‚¬ð^ΰ•° …èH›‡é~ò#„¬æ\÷H÷ P Jƒ•ì==ò q~Œyx „Ô_•OKÇ^ΰ. H›#°H›
"ŒiH÷ ^ΰ—Y"Í°q¶ H›•°Q®^ΰ Q®^¥! Ì„áÌ„KÇ°ó ‹¬°Y"Í° J#°ƒ•’qO`Ç°~¡°. WO`Í
Hê^ΰ, Ì„^Îí Ì„^Îí ^•Î#=O`Ç°•°, ~ŒA•°, =°‚¬ð~ŒA•° "Œi ‹¬xßk•…Õ
‹¬°Y‰§O`Ç°•#° ‡ÚO^ΰ^ΰ~¡°. D ㄬHê~¡OQ® <Í#°, <Œk J<̓•ì==ò
`ù•Q®H› =òO^Í =°~¡}†Ç¶`Ç#•#° ‹¬°Y=ò ##°ƒ•’qOKÇ°KÇ°O^ΰ~¡°. JO>è
<Í#°, <Œk J<Í [O~¡-ì@=ò• #°O_• =ò䛽ë…ÿá# `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç "ŒiH÷
=°$`Ç°¼‰ÕH›=ò LO_È^Î<Í =¶@ "Íö~ K³„¬æ=…ÿ<Œ? x~¡à=°, x~¡‚¬ìOHê~¡°_³á#
(=°#°`ÇÞ=ò …èx"Œ_È°, J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò …èx"Œ_È°) `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç ^ΰ—Y„¬_È°"Œ_È°
Z=_ȶ LO_È_È°. J@Á~ò`Í =°i ^ΰ—YO J#°ƒ•’qOKÍ"Œ_³=_È°?
JO`Ç~¡OQ®=ò…Õ Uq¶ WKÇó•…è#„¬C_È°, ㇕„¬OzH› =‹¬°ë=ô•°
•a•Oz#„¬C_È° 䛀_È Uq¶ ‹¬°Y=òO_È^ΰ. J㇕„²ë(J#°Hù#ß =‹¬°ë=ô
•a•OKÇH›‡é=ô@) q<Œ‰×#=ò (^ùiH÷# =‹¬°ë=ô <Œ‰×#=°Q®°@)…Õ ä›€_È J‹¬…è
^ΰ—Y=òO_È^ΰ. HËiH› L#ß„¬C_Í ‹¬°Y^ΰ—Y=ò•° ï~O_ȶ LO_È°#°. ‹¬°Y
^ΰ—Y=ò•° ^ÎÞO^ÎÞ=ò•°. g\÷ =•# =¶#=ô_È° ‹¬Oª•~¡=ò…Õ
|Ok•OKÇ|_È°#°. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê ‹¬°Y=òÐ^ΰ—Y=ò ï~O_ȶ XH›>è.
"Œ‹¬ë==òQê ‹¬°Y=ò ^ΰ—Y=ò#öH À„~¡°. ZO^ΰH›O>è ‹¬°Y"Í° ^ΰ—Y=ò#䛽
Hê~¡}=ò. ''†Í° ‚²ì ‹¬O‹¬æ~¡Å*ì ƒ•ÕQê ^ΰ—Y†³¶#†Ç° U= `ÍÑÑ (w`Ç
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 55

5Ð22) =°#°+¬µ¼x…Õ U q^•Î"³°Ø# HËiH›…èxKË J`Ç_È° ‹¬°Y^ΰ—Y=ò•ä›½


Jf`Ç°_È=ô#°. =°i†Çò P#O^Î=ò#° ‡ÚO^ΰ#°. Z@Á#Qê, ‹¬¶~¡°¼x…Õ
„¬Q®•° LO_È^ΰ. ~Œãu LO_È^ΰ ‹¬iH›^¥! Z•Á„¬C_È° "³•°öQ LO_È°#°. J@Á<Í
~ò\÷“ P#O^Î=ò…Õ ‹¬°Y=ò LO_È^ΰ, ^ΰ—Y=ò LO_È^ΰ. Hêx ‰§‰×Þ`Ç
P#O^Î=òO_È°#°. XH›ª•i P#O^¥#°ƒ•’¶u H›ey#KË ^¥x Jƒ•ì==òO_È^ΰ.
ZO^ΰH›#Qê Jk ‹¬Þ`Ç—‹²^Îœ"³°Ø#k, ‰§‰×Þ`Ç"³°Ø#k, xiÞHê~¡"³°Ø#k.
HËiH›•xß f~¡°`Œ†Ç°#° #=°àH›=òO>è =°#=ò ã|uH÷ LO^¥=°<Í
HËiH› f~¡°óHù#°@䛽 ㄬ†Ç°ußOK³^Î=ò. =°$`Ç°¼=ô#° `Ç„²æOKÇ°HËQ®•=°<Í
#=°àH›=òO>è ^¥x#°O_• `Ç„²æOKÇ°Hù#° ㄬ†Ç°`Çß=ò K͆Çò^ΰ=ò. Hêx
Jxß HËiH›•° Z=iH© f~¡=ô. „¬ô\÷“# U ㇕}÷ =°$`Ç°¼=ô#°O_•
`Ç„²æOKÇ°Hù#*ì•_È°. („¬ô\÷“# "Œ_È° `Ç„¬æH› y@°“#°) J<Í q+¬†Ç°=ò
JO^ÎiH÷ J#°ƒ•’=„²^Îœ"Í°. ã|`ǰ䛽^¥=°x HË~¡°HË=@O=•#,
=°$`Ç°¼=ô#°O_• ƒ•’†Ç°„¬_È°@=•# ㄬ†³¶[#"Í°=ò#ßk? ã|`ǰ䛽^¥=°<Í
HËiH› LO_È°@=•# [## =°~¡}=ò•° [~¡°Q®°`Ç°<Í LO_È°#°. JO^ΰ=•#
ã|`ǰ䛽^¥=°<Í HËiH›ä›€_È LO_È°#°. H›#°H› ã|uH÷ †ÇòO_ÈQ®<Í J=°~¡°xQê
LO^¥=°#° HËiH›#° `ǼlOKÇ°@ P=‰×¼H›=ò.
‰×s~¡=ò '<Í#°Ñ Hê^ΰ. Z@Á#Qê ‰×s~¡=ò ㄬu H›Æ}=ò
=¶~¡°æK³O^ΰKÇ°<͆ÇòO_È°#°. Hêx =°#=ò (‹¬Þ†Ç°O) P`Çà^Î$+²“…Õ
'=°#=òÑ Qê<Í LO^ΰ=ò. P q^•Î=òQê LO_ÈH›‡é`Í ‰×s~¡=ò
=¶~¡°æK³O^ΰKÇ°#ß^Î#° *ìý#=ò Z@°Á H›•°Q®°#°? =¶~¡°æ K³O^Í^¥x
*ìý#=ò =¶~¡°æK³O^Îx P`ÇàöH H›•°Q®°#°. ‰×s~¡=ò '<ŒkÑ Z#ß_ȶ Hê^ΰ.
^¥xg°^Î <Œ Pk•„¬`Ǽ=ò ª•Q®^ΰ. J#Qê nxx =°# ~ü‘•“#°ª•~¡=ò
LOKÇ°Hù#…è=ò. =°# ~ò+¬“=ò =zó#@°Á =¶~¡°æ•°, KÍ~¡°æ•° K͆ǰ…è=ò.
‰§‰×Þ`Ç=òQê =°#=^Îí LOKÇ°Hù#…è=ò. D q^•Î=òQê ~ü ‰×s~¡=ò#°
'<Í#°Ð<ŒkÑ Jx J#°HË"³¶ J„¬C_È° ‰§‰×Þ`Ç=òQê rqOKÍ WKÇó•ä›€_È
56 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

^¥#O`Ç@^Í #tOz‡é=ô#°. `Ç`Çæ•e`Ç=òQê rq`ÍKÇó• ‡é~ò#KË ‰×s~¡


`Œ¼Q®=ò#䛽 =òO^Í =°#䛽 x`Ǽ‹²kœ, J=°~¡ `ŒÞ#°ƒ•’==ò H›•°Q®°#°.
J‹¬`Ç°ë䛽 (‹¬`Ç°ë) ƒ•ì==ò …è^ΰ. ‹¬`Ç°ë䛽 Jƒ•ì==ò …è^ΰ. ''<Œ‹¬`Ë
q^μ`Í ƒ•ì"Ë, <Œƒ•ì"Ë q^μ`Í ‹¬`Ç—ÑÑII (w`Ç 2Ð16) '‹¬`Ç°ëÑ ‹¬`ŸQê<Í
LO_È°#°. J‹¬`Ç°ë J‹¬`ŸQê<Í LO_•‡é=ô#°. H›#°H› ‹¬`ǰ놳òH›ø
ƒ•’†Ç°=òO_È^ΰ. J‹¬`Ç°ë †³òH›ø ƒ•’†Ç°=òO_È^ΰ. =°#=ò ƒ•’†Ç°=ò
Ì„@°“䛽#ß#° ‰×s~¡=ò #tOKÇ°#°. ƒ•’†Ç°=ò Ì„@°“Hù#H› ‡é~ò##°
‰×s~¡=ò #tOKÇ°#°. #tOKÍk U^Ë Jk #tOKÇ°#°. Hù`ÇëQê H›eöQ ‚¬ðx
=°#öH =ò#ßk? H›#°H› =°$`Ç°¼=ô#°O_• ƒ•’†Ç°c•`Ç°•Q®°@ =¼~¡Ö=ò.
8. ‹¬O„¦¬°~¡Â}䛽 Hê~¡}=ò
*ìu ƒ•è^Î=ò•=•#<Í ‹¬=¶[=ò…Õ ‹¬O„¦¬°~¡Â}•° `Ç•†³°`Ç°ë`Ç°#ß=x
~ü =°^•Î¼ KŒ…ì ㄬKŒ~¡=ò [~¡°Q®°KÇ°#ßk. *ìu ƒ•è^Î=ò#° =°#=ò
‹¬=°àuOKÇ䛀_È^Îx 䛀_È "Í<ˈ×Á q#|_È°KÇ°#ßk. Wk KŒ• `Ç„¬C
Ja•ã‡•†Ç°=ò. "Œ‹¬ë==òQê ~ü ‹¬O„¦¬°~¡Â} *ìu=ü•"³°Ø#k Hê^ΰ. Jk
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò #°O_• L`Çæ#ß=°†Í°¼ ª•Þ~¡Ö=ò, Q®~¡Þ=ò• =•# [~¡°Q®°KÇ°#ßk.
‹¬$+²“…Õ *ìuƒ•è^Î=ò ª•Þƒ•ìqH›=ò. ̄䛽ø^͉×=ò•…Õ
̄䛽ø*ì`Ç°•°#ßq. öH=•=ò =¶#=ô•…Õ<Í Hê䛽O_¨ „¬‰×Ã, „¬H÷Æ, =$H›Æ,
•`Œ^ΰ•…Õ ä›€_È *ìu ƒ•è^Î=ò ª•Þƒ•ìqH›"Í°. P=ô•°, "Í°H›•°, öQ^³•°,
Qùãï~•°, XO>ÿ•°, 䛽H›ø•°, Q®°ã~¡=ò•° "³ò^Î…ÿá# *ì`Ç°•°#ßq. P
*ì`Ç°•…Õ<Í J<ÍH› ƒ•è^Î=ò•°#ßq. *ìux |>è“ "Œ\÷ Q®°}Q®}=ò•°
Q®°iëO„¬|_È°#°. g\÷x Hù<Í"Œ~¡°#°, J"Í°à"Œ~¡°#° ~ü*ì`Ç°•`Ë KŒ…ì
„¬iz`Ç°•°. *ìux |>è“ g\÷ "³•H›@“|_È°#°. W^Í q^•Î=òQê =$H›Æ=ò•…Õ
䛀_È J<ÍH› *ì`Ç°•°, XH› =$H›Æ=ò…Õ<Í J<ÍH›~¡H›=ò•° L#ßq.
„¦¬•=ò•…Õ#°, 䛀~¡Qê†Ç°•…Õ#°, ^•¥#¼=ò•…Õ#° J<ÍH› ~¡H›=ò•°#ßq.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 57

D *ìu ƒ•è^Î=ò#䛽 Hê~¡}"Í°=°#Qê Ð ‹¬$+²“ KŒ• qzã`Ç"³°Ø#k, H÷Á+¬“"³°Ø#k.


WO^ΰ…Õ ‹¬=¶#OQê H›#„¬_Í U ï~O_È° =‹¬°ë=ô•° 䛀_È "Œ‹¬ë==òQê
‹¬=¶#=ò Hê=ô. H›#°H› q~Ë^•Î=ò•ä›½ Hêx, ‹¬O„¦¬°~¡Â}•ä›½ Hêx Hê~¡}=ò
*ìuHê^ΰ. öH=•=ò ª•Þ~¡Ö=ò, J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò•=•# Jq „¬ô@°“KÇ°#ßq. Wk
P‹¬°s‹¬O„¬uë.
"Íö~Þ~¡° *ì`Ç°•…Õ =¶ã`Ç"Í° „¬~¡‹¬æ~¡ q~Ë^•Î=ò•°, †Çò^Îœ=ò•°
[~¡°Q®°@ …è^ΰ. XöH *ìu…Õ<Í „¬~¡‹¬æ~¡ ª•Þ~¡œ=ò=•#, J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò =•#
q~Ë^•Î=ò …è~¡æ_È°KÇ°O_È°#°. D q+¬†Ç°=ò x`Ǽ=ò ^Î$+²“H÷ =KÇ°óKÇ°#ß^Í
Z@ÁO>è „¬ô~¡°+¬ *ìuH÷ „¬ô~¡°+¬*ìu`Ë>è q~Ë^•Î=ò, ¢‹Ôë *ìuH÷ ¢‹Ôë *ìu`Ë>è
q~Ë^•Î=ò H›•°Q®°KÇ°O_È°#°. „¬‰×Ã=ô•…Õ ä›€_È =°Q®*ìuH÷ =°Q®*ìu`Ë>è,
P_È*ìuH÷ P_È*ìu`Ë>è, ‹¬O„¦¬°~¡Â} H›•°Q®°KÇ°#ßk. WOHê =°Q®ä›½H›ø
=°Q®ä›½H›ø`Ë>è Hù\ìÁ_È°#°. P_È䛽H›ø P_È䛽H›ø`Ë>è Hù\ìÁ_È°#°.
P_ÈHË`Ç°• ‹¬=ü‚¬ì=ò…Õ XH› =°Q®HËu LO@°Ok. JO^ΰ…Õ U
P_ÈHËuïHá<Œ XH› =°Q®„²•Á„¬ô\÷“#>ÿÁå`Í `ÇeÁ P „²•Á#° f‹¬°Hùx ‡•i‡é=ô#°.
ZO^ΰH›#Qê `Ç# ƒ•ÕQ®=ò#䛽 ZH›ø_È J_È°Û=KÇ°ó<ˆǰ#° ª•Þ~¡Ö=ò`Ë
=°Q®HËu P =°Q®„²•Á#° KÇO„²"͆Çò#°. Hêx P_È„²•Á „¬ô\÷“#>ÿÁå`Í ^¥xx
KÇO„¬^ΰ. W^Í q+¬†Ç°=ò 䛽H›ø•…Õ ä›€_È †ÇòO_È°#°. =°Q®„²•Á „¬ô\÷“#KË
=°Q®ä›½H›ø KÇO„²"͆Çò#°. P_È„²•Á „¬ô\÷“#KË P_È䛽H›ø KÇO„²"͆Çò#°.
ãƒì‚¬ìà}, H›Æãu†Ç°, "³á‰×¼, ‰×´ã^¥^ΰ• =°^•Î¼ „¬~¡‹¬æ~¡O ‡é\ìÁ@•°,
q~Ë^•Î=ò•° Z䛽ø=Qê LO_È°#°. ãƒì‚¬ìà}°xH÷ ãƒì‚¬ìà}°x`Ë#°,
H›Æãu†Çò#䛽 H›Æãu†Çòx`Ë#°, "³á‰×ü#䛽 "³á‰×üx`Ë#°, ‰×´ã^ΰ#䛽
‰×´ã^ΰx`Ë#° q~Ë^•Î=òO_È°#°. J#Qê, XöH r=<ˇ•k• ZH›ø_È LO_È°<Ë
JH›ø_È ª•Þ~¡Ö=òO_È°@ =•# ‡é\ìÁ@•° [~¡°Q®°#x `Œ`Çæ~¡¼=ò. Jxß
„¬#°•…Õ#° JO^ÎiH÷ Jk•Hê~¡=ò#ß^Î#° ƒ•ì==ò ZH›ø_È LO_È°<Ë JH›ø_È
‹¬O„¦¬°~¡Â}䛽 Z䛽ø= `Œ=ôO_È°#°. Hê~¡}"Í°=°#Qê, Z䛽ø=^•Î#=ò,
58 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

Z䛽ø= QÒ~¡= =°~Œ¼^Ε° •a•OKÍ r=<ˇ•^•Î°•"³á„¬ô KŒ•=°Ok


"³òQ®°¾^ΰ~¡°. PH›iÂ`Ç°•Q®°^ΰ~¡°. ^•Î# ‹¬O‡•^Î#, =¶#=°~Œ¼^Ε° `Ç䛽ø=
L#ß r=<ˇ•^ŠÎ°•ä›½ ‹¬O|Ok•Oz# „¬#°•° Z=~¡¶ K͆ǰ~¡°. ^•Î#…샕’O
=KÍó „¬#°•ä›½ JO^Î~¡° ‹²^Îœ„¬_È°^ΰ~¡°. Hêx `Ç䛽ø= „¬#°•° K͆Çò@ïH=~¡°
`džǶ~¡Q®°^ΰ~¡°? L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽: „¬î~¡Þ=ò ~Œ[¼=ò• Hù~¡ä›½ ~ŒA…è
‡é\ìÁ_Í"Œ~¡° Hêx W„¬C_È° ~Œ[¼=ò Hù~¡ä›½ JO^Î~¡¶ ‡é\ìÁ_È°KÇ°<Œß~¡°.
„¬î~¡ÞHê•=ò…Õ <Œ•°Q®° =~¡â=ò•"Œ~¡° `Ç=°`Ç=° „¬#°•° `Œ"Í°
KÍ‹¬°ä›½<Í"Œ~¡°. Hêx ~ò„¬C_È° <Œ•°Q®° =~¡â=ò• "Œi „¬#°•…Õ JO^ÎiH÷
Jk•Hê~¡=òO_È°@=•# ‹¬O„¦¬°~¡Â} 䛀_È #¶\÷H÷ #¶~¡°‡•ˆ×ä Ì„iy
f~¡°#°. J„¬æ\÷ "Œ~¡° `Ç=° `Ç=° =~Œâã‰×=° ^•Î~¡à=ò•`Ë #_ÈKÇ°Hù<Í"Œ~¡°
‹¬°Y‰§O`Ç°•`Ë LO_Í"Œ~¡°. W„¬C_È° =~Œâã‰×=° ^•Î~¡à=ò•#° J}Q®ã^ùH÷ø
ª•Þ~¡Ö„¬~¡°•Q®°@=•# J<ÍH› ‡•s“•° `džǶ~¡~ò#q. Jk•Hê~¡=òHù~¡ä›½
„¬~¡‹¬æ~¡=ò `Ç#°ßHù#°KÇ°<Œß~¡°. W`Ç~¡ =°`Ç=ò• "Œi F@ÁHù~¡ä›½
‚²ìO^ΰ=ô…è „¬~¡‹¬æ~¡=ò H›•‚²ìOKÇ°Hù#°KÇ°<Œß~¡°. `ÇbÁ, `ÇOã_™, Hù_Ȱ䛽 Ð
=ò=ôÞ~¡° "Íö~Þ~¡° ‡•s“•ä›½ F@° "͆ÇòKÇ°<Œß~¡°. WO_ÈÁ…Õ
‡é\ìÁ_È°Hù#°KÇ°<Œß~¡°. „¬~¡‹¬æ~¡=ò SH›=°`Ǽ=òO_È=…ÿ##° ㄬKŒ~¡=°~ò`Í
*Õ~¡°Qê [~¡°Q®°KÇ°#ßk. Hêx "Œ‹¬ë==òQê `ÇeÁ"Í~¡°, `ÇOã_• "Í~¡°,
Hù_Ȱ䛽"Í~¡°, ªé^Î~¡°_È° "Í~¡° =O\÷ UH›`ÇÞ=ò [~¡°Q®°KÇ°#ßk. ㄬKŒ~¡=ò#䛽
•H›Æ¼=ò D UH›`ÇÞ"Í°<Œ? =~Œâã‰×=° ^•Î~Œà• U~Œæ@° =°~Œ¼^Î, H›~¡ë=¼=ò•
P^•¥~¡=òQê K͆ǰ|_•#k. Hêx ‡•s“• U~Œæ@° „¬îiëQê ª•Þ~¡Ö„¬~¡"³°Ø#^Í.
qa•#ß =~¡â=ò•°, Pã‰×=°=ò•°, =°`Ç=ò•ä›½ ‹¬O|Ok•Oz#
=°#°+¬µ¼•…Õ „¬H›Æ‡•`Ç=ò Ì„iy#k. ^¥xH÷ Hê~¡}=ò ª•Þ~¡Ö=ò,
J‚¬ìOHê~¡=ò. JO^ΰ=•#<Í =¶#=ô•° `Ç=° =~¡â=ò•° "³ò^Î…ÿá# "Œ\÷x
‡ÚQ®_È°Hù#°@, W`Ç~¡ =~¡â=ò• "Œix ^ζ+²OKÇ°@ [~¡°Q®°KÇ°#ßk. D
‹¬O^Î~¡Ä•=ò…Õ XH› H›^ŠÎ L#ßk. J^Íq°@#Qê XH› ãQê=°=ò…Õ XH› "͉׼
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 59

LO_³#°. P"³°ä›½ `Ç# rq`Ç=ò#° Z@°Á L^ÎœiOKÇ°Hù#=…ÿ##° P…ÕKÇ#


H›eïQ#°. ^¥x Hù~¡ä›½ ª•^•Î°=ô• =^Îí䛽 "³ˆÜ¤#°. "Œi@°Á K³„²æi. ''h=ô
ª•^•Î°=ô• ª•OQ®`Ǽ=ò K͆Çò=ò. ª•^•Î°=ô•° `Œ¼Q®=ò H›•"Œ~¡°. "ŒiÀ‹=
KÍ‹²#KË h䛽 öHÆ=°=°Q®°#°. `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç P"³° ãƒì‚¬ìà}°• =^Îí䛽 "³ˆ×ÁQê
"Œi@°Á K³‡•æ~¡°. ''ª•^•Î°=ô•° H›$ãu=ò•°. "Í°=ò [#à`Ç— ãƒì‚¬ìà}°•=ò.
ãƒì‚¬ìà}°•° JO^ÎiH© Q®°~¡°=ô•°. H›#°H› h=ô ãƒì‚¬ìà}°•#° À‹qO„¬ô=ò.
h䛽 ‰×Õ’=°Q®°#°ÑÑ „²=°à@ ‹¬<Œ¼‹¬°• =^Îí䛽 "³ˆ×¤Qê "Œi@°Á K³„²æi.
''‹¬<Œ¼‹¬°•° Jxß =~¡â=ò•ä›½ Q®°~¡°=ô•°. "Œi À‹=KÍ‹²#KË h䛽 ‰×Õ’=ò
H›•°Q®°#°. J@° „²=°à@ ƒÿá~ŒQ®°• =^Îí䛽 "³ˆ×¤Qê "Œs q^•Î=òQ® „¬eH÷iÑÑ.
ƒÿá~ŒQ®°•° JO^ÎiH›O>ÿ `Í[‹¬O„¬#°ß•°. H›#°H› "ŒiÀ‹= *è†Çò=ò. =°Oz
[~¡°Q®°#°. JO`Ç@ =°`ÇQ®°~¡°=ô• =^Îí䛽 "³ˆÜ¤#°. "Œ~¡O^Î~¡° ~ü q^•Î=òQ®
K³„²æi. W`Ç~¡°•O^Î~¡° ‡•+¬O_È°•°. "Í°=ò ‹¬~ËÞ`Çø$+¬µ“•=ò. h=ô =¶ä›½
t+¬µ¼~Œ•=ô, H›=òà. =°Oã`Ë„¬^͉×=ò ‡ÚO^ΰ=ò. J„¬C_È° "Í°"³òH›
=°Oz=¶@ K³Ì„æ^Î=ò. ^¥x=•# h䛽 `Ç„¬æH› öHÆ=°=ò H›•°Q®°#°. D
ㄬHê~¡=òQê P"³° ZH›ø_³H›ø_È䛽 "³ˆÜ¤<Ë JH›ø_È "Œi "Œi =~¡â, Pã‰×=°,
=°`Ç ‹¬Oㄬ^¥†Ç°=ò• „¬@Á Ì„¦¶~¡ „¬H›Æ‡•`Ç=ò H›x„²OK³#°. W^ÎO`Œ
KǶz# `Ç~¡°"Œ`Ç P"³° W@Á#°Hù#ßk. ''W„¬C_È° J‹¬•° `Ç`ÇëÞ=ò `³e‹²#k.
†ÇòH÷ë KÍuH÷ `Çye#k. =°=°àeß „¬îlOKÇ°=°x ª•^•Î°=ô•<Œß~¡°. =°=°àeß
À‹qOKÇ°=°x ãƒì‚¬ìà}°•<Œß~¡°. g\÷ Jxß\÷H›O>è =°# "͉׼•<Í
„¬îlOKǰ䛽O>è =°OzkH›^¥! W\ìÁ…ÕzOz "͉׼À‹qOKÇ°@ïHá "ŒiH÷
‹¬O`Ç~¡æ} K͆Çò@䛽 x‰×ó~òOz, "Œ~¡O^ÎiH÷ P‚¬ðÞ#=ò•° „¬O„²#k.
=°Oz =O@H›=ò•° KÍ~òOz#k. xsâ`Ç ‹¬=°†Ç°=ò#䛽 "͉׼•O^Î~¡°
~Œ<Œ~¡Oa•Ozi.
P ãQê=°=òz=~¡ XH› q~¡ä›½ë_È#°, `Œ¼y†Çò J~ò# XH› ‹¬O`Ÿ
=°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µ_È°O_³#°. J`Ç_È° P~ËA# "͉׼ ~òO\÷ =òO^ΰQê ‡é=ôKǶ
60 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

''D ~ËA# ~òH›ø_È q‰õ+¬"Í°q°\÷? WO`Ç=°Ok =KÇ°óKÇ°<Œß~¡°ÑÑ Jx


qKŒiOKÇQê JH›ø_È "͉׼• ‹¬O`Ç~¡æ} [~¡°Q®°KÇ°#ß^Îx J‹¬•° q+¬†Ç°=ò
`³e‹²#k. "͉׼•ä›½ ãH÷†Ç¶`ÇàH›"³°Ø# tH›Æ} x†Ç°¼=…ÿ#x x‰×ó~òOz
JH›ø_È° "³ˆÜÁ#°. =O@ *è†Çò"Œ~¡° Q®Olx XH› =òiH÷ Hê•°=…Õ
ƒÕ†ÇòKÇ°O_•i. "͉׼ "Í°_Èq¶^Î #°O_• U "³á„¬ô䛽 KǶKÇ°KÇ°#ß^Ë P "³á„¬ô䛽
‡é~ò P"³° KǶKÇ°KÇ°O_ÈQ®<Í Q®Ol`Ë `Ç# KÍ`Ç°•#° H›_È°Q®°Hù#
<Œ~¡Oa•OK³#°. Jk KǶz "͉׼~ò@Á<³#°. ''ƒìƒìrÑÑ W…ì ZO^ΰ䛽
K͆ÇòKÇ°<Œß~¡°? ƒìƒìr ["Œ|° K³Ì„æ#°. ''h䛽 H›x„²OKÇ°@ …è^¥?
ãQ®°_•Û^¥x"Œ? Q®Ol`Ë KÍ`Ç°•° H›_È°Q®°Hù#°KÇ°<Œß#°.ÑÑ "͉׼ J@°Á
K͆ǰ=•^Îx K³Ì„æ#°. Hêx P†Ç°# P „¬x =¶#…è^ΰ. J„¬C_È° "͉׼
ãH÷O^Î䛽 =zó ~ò@°ÁJ#ßk. ''Wk Q®Ol. nx`Ë q¶~¡° KÍ`Ç°•°
H›_È°Q®°KÇ°<Œß~¡°. q¶ KÍ`Ç°eOH›#° =òiH÷†Ç°Q®°#°. `Ç=°~¡° =°Ozh\÷`Ë
KÍ`Ç°•° ‰×Ãフ’„¬~¡°KÇ°Hù#°_È°.ÑÑ ‹¬O`Ÿ =°‚¬ð„¬ô~¡°+¬µ_È° ~ò@°Á ["Œ|°
K³Ì„æ#°. ''nx=•# <Œ KÍ`Ç°•° ~òOHê =òiH÷†Ç°Q®°#O@°<Œß"ÍÐ
WO`ÇH›O>è "͉׼•° ‰×Ãフ’"³°Ø#"Œ~Œ? x~¡à•"³°Ø#"Œ~Œ? „¬qã`Ç"³°Ø#"Œ~Œ?
"Œi À‹=K͆Çò@ =•# h=ô „¬qã`Ç°~Œ•==ô`Œ"Œ? h䛽 öHÆ=°=ò
H›•°Q®°`Ç°O^¥? KÍ`Ç°•° =òiH÷ hˆ×¤`Ë ‰×Ãフ’=°=ô`Œ†Ç¶? =°Ozhˆ×¤`Ë
‰×Ãフ’=°=ô`Œ†Ç¶? Jk q#ß "͉׼䛽 フ’=° `ù•y‡é†³°#° ƒìƒìr ‹¬ï~á#
=¶@ *ÿ„²æ<Œ~¡x J#°Hù<³#°. =°i <Œä›½ Z@°Á öHÆ=°=ò H›•°Q®°#°? Jx
J_È°Q®QêЃìƒìr ~ò@°ÁÁ K³„²æi. ''U ‹¬O`Ÿ #O^ΰ =°`Ç ‹¬Oㄬ^¥†Ç¶•
„¬H›Æ‡•`Ç=òO_È^Ë, J‚¬ìOHê~¡=òO_È^Ë, PKÇ~¡} „¬~¡‰×Ã^Îœ"³°Ø†ÇòO_È°<Ë,
r=<ˇ•k• q+¬†Ç°=ò# JO`Ç—H›~¡} =°O^ΰ „¬qã`Ç ƒ•ì==òO_È°<Ë P†Ç°#
„¬ô~¡°+¬µ_³á<Œ ¢‹Ôë J~ò<Œ, ª•^•Î°"³á<Œ, U =~ŒâxH÷ K³Ok#"Œ_³á<Œ, U
‹¬Oㄬ^¥†Ç°=ò Q®•"Œ_³á<Œ „¬~¡"Œ…è^ΰ. J\÷“ =°‚¬ì„¬ô~¡°+¬µx =^Îí䛽
"³ˆ×ÃÁ=ò. P†Ç°# ‹¬`ÇžOQ®=°=ò# •a•OKÇ° L„¬^͉×=ò•#°, ãQ®‚²ìOKÇ°=ò.
h䛽 H›…ì¼}=°Q®°#°.
k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k 61

ZH›ø_³á`Í ª•Þ~¡Ö=òO_È°<Ë, J‚¬ìOHê~¡=òO_È°<Ë, ƒ•ÕQ®=ò,


‹¬O‡•^Î<ÍKÇó• †ÇòO_È°<Ë JH›ø_È P‹¬°s ‹¬O„¬uë `Ç„¬æH› KË@° KÍ‹¬°Hù#°#°.
ZH›ø_È P‹¬°s ‹¬O„¬uë †ÇòO_È°<Ë JH›ø_È ‰§Ou LO_È^ΰ. J#Qê
J‰§Ou†Í° LO_È°#°. ‹¬O„¦¬°~¡Â} LO_È°#°. „¬`Ç#=ò LO_È°#°.
Z=_³á`Í ãHË^•Î=ò#䛽 =jƒ•’¶`Ç°_³á …èH› ZO^ΰKÍ`Ç<³á<Œ J`ǼO`Ç ^ΰ—d`Ç°_³á
P`Çà‚¬ì`Çà KÍ‹¬°ä›½#ß@Á~ò`Í KŒ• ^ΰ~¡¾u ‡••=ô`Œ_È°. J#Qê ƒ•’¶`Ç,
ãÀ„`Ç, „²‰§KÇ=ò…ÿá‡é`Œ_È°. P`Çà‚¬ì`Ǽ KÍ‹¬°ä›½#ß "Œ_È° =°‚¬ð‡•„².
ZO^ΰH›#Qê =°#°+¬¼ ‰×s~¡=ò ƒ•’Q®=ã`Œæ„²ëHù~¡öH •ƒ•’¼=°~òOk.
ƒ•’Q®=ã`Œæ„²ë ‡ÚO^Î䛽O_¨ `Ç# KÍ`Ç°•`Ë `Ç# ‰×s~¡=ò#° #tO„¬*苬°Hù#°@
KŒ• Ì„¦¶~¡"³°Ø# ‡•„¬O, J„¬~Œ^•Î=ò. ^ΰ~ŒKŒ~¡=ò, ^ΰ~ŒKŒ~¡=ò#䛽
‹¬^ξu Z@°Á •a•OKÇ°#°? =°#°+¬µ¼_È° P`Çà‚¬ì`Ǽ KÍ‹¬°ä›½O^¥=°#°
P…ÕKÇ#䛀_¨ =°#‹¬°…ÕxH÷ ~Œh†Ç°ä›€_È^ΰ. (^ΰ~¡¾u#°O_• ~¡H÷ÆOKÇ°Hù#°=ò
''^ΰ~¡¾uÀ‹|KËÑÑ J<Í „¬ô‹¬ëH›=ò #°O_•)
ㄬfHê~¡=ò f~¡°óHù#°@ J<Í ƒ•ì=# H›•°Q®°@ Ì„^Îí `Ç„¬C,
‡Ú~¡‡•@°. =°#䛽 J„¬Hê~¡=ò KÍ‹²#"Œ_È° =°# H›~¡à„¦¬•=ò•#°
J#°ƒ•’qO„¬*苲 =°#•#° „¬qã`Ç°•°Qê K͆ÇòKÇ°<Œß_È°. g°~¡° „¬Q®
f~¡°ó䛽O^¥=°x J#°ä›½#ß@Á~ò`Í, Jxß\÷H›O>ÿ =òO^ΰ "³oÁ P†Ç°#䛽
À‹= K͆ǰO_•. q°=òà•#° ^ΰ—d`Ç°•°Qê K͆Çò@䛽 (‡•„¬„¦¬•=ò•#°
J#°ƒ•’qO„¬*苲) ㄬ†Ç°ußOKÇ° "Œ_È° q°=òà•#° „¬i‰×Ã^ΰ핰Qê
K͆ÇòKÇ°<Œß_È°. g°ä›½ L„¬Hê~¡=ò K͆ÇòKÇ°<Œß_È°. P†Ç°#Ì„á
„¬Q®f~¡°ó䛽O^¥=°#°ä›½O>ÿ g° ‰×s~¡=ò`Ë, =°#‹¬°ž`Ë, "Œä›½ø`Ë,
^•Î#=ò`Ë, q^μ`Ë, J~¡Ý`Ç`Ë, „¬^Îq`Ë, Jk•Hê~¡=ò`Ë P†Ç°#䛽 À‹=
K͆ǰO_•. P†Ç°##° ‹¬°Y=òQê #°O_Í@@°Á K͆ǰO_•!
(x`Ǽ†³¶Q®ã‡•„²ë: ''x`Ǽ†³¶Q®öHÑÑ㇕„²ë J<Í „¬ô‹¬ëH›=ò#°O_•)
62 k ‹¬~¡ÞO "Œ‹¬°^Í==°†Ç°O k

^•Î<Œ~¡û# K͆Çò@H›O>è 䛀_¨ Q®$‚¬ì‹¬°Ö•° „²•Á• #_È=_•„¬@Á Jk•H›


^•¥¼‹¬#°OKÇ=…ÿ#°. ‹¬O‡•kOz# ^•Î#=ò#° „²•Á…è J#°ƒ•’qO`Ç°~¡°. W…ì
Q®$‚¬ì‹¬°Ö_¨…ÕzO„¬=…ÿ#°. „²•Á•° K³_È° J•"Œ@Á䛽 ƒìx‹¬…ÿá`Í ^•Î#=ò
"Œˆ×¤#° WOHê Z䛽ø=Qê ‡•_È°KÍ‹¬°ëOk. D q+¬†Ç°=ò…Õ =°‚¬ð#°ƒ•ì=ô•°
W…ì K³„¬C^ΰ~¡°. ''„¬î`Ç ‹¬„¬î`Ç `Ë Hù¼O ^•Î# ‹¬OK³áI „¬î`Ç H›„¬î`Ç `Ë
Hù¼O ^•Î# ‹¬OK³á? J#Qê „¬ôã`Ç°_È° ‹¬°„¬ôã`Ç°_³á#KË J`ÇxH÷ ^•Î#=ò…Õ@°
LO_È^ΰ. 䛽„¬ôã`Ç°_³á#KË ^•Î#=°O`Œ ‡éQù@°“Hù#°#°. WH› ^•Î<Œ~¡û# ZO^ΰ䛽
K͆ǰ=…ÿ#°?
(Q®$‚¬ìª•Öã‰×=°=ò…Õ Z@°ÁO_È=…ÿ#°. ''Q®$‚¬ì‹¬ëÀ‚ì– ïHáÀ‹ ~¡À‚ì–ÑÑ J<Í
„¬ô‹¬ëH›=ò#°O_•)

k k k

También podría gustarte