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Genaro Delgado C - Analisis Estructural 1 PDF
Genaro Delgado C - Analisis Estructural 1 PDF
ANÁLISIS
ESTRUCTURAL I
Esta obra está dedicada a mis queridos alumnos de la escuela de Ingeniería Civil de la
UNIVERSIDAD CESAR VALLEJO- SEDE PRINCIPAL TRUJILLO que gracias a su
entusiasmo y perseverancia hicieron posible esta gran obra maestra la cual presentare a
continuación.
1. Calcular 𝛿𝐵 =?
𝑀 = −20𝑋
𝑀(0) = 0
𝑀(20) = −400 𝑘𝑔
𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐴 + 𝜃𝐵
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐵⁄ = (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹)𝐵𝐴 × 𝑋̅𝐵
𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐵 𝐴
−(400)(20) 2
𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐴𝐵 = (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹)𝐴𝐵 𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐵⁄ = × ( × 20)
𝐴 2 3
−(400)(20)
𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵 = −160000
2 𝑡𝐵⁄ =
𝐴 3 𝐸𝐼
−4000
𝜃𝐵 =
𝐸𝐼
2. Calcular 𝛿𝐵 =?
𝑀 = −20𝑋
𝑀(25) = −500 𝑘𝑔
𝑀 = −10𝑋
𝑀(20) = −200 𝑘𝑔
𝑀 = −25𝑋
𝑀(20) = −125 𝑘𝑔
ℎ1 15
=
500 25
ℎ1 = 300
ℎ2 10
=
200 20
ℎ2 = 100
𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐵
−11625
𝜃𝐵 =
2𝐸𝐼
𝑃𝐿2 𝑃𝐿2
𝜃12 = +
16 𝐸𝐼 16 𝐸𝐼
𝑃𝐿2
𝜃12 =
8 𝐸𝐼
FLECHA MAXIMA
𝐿
𝑦
=2
𝑃𝐿 𝐿
2
𝑃𝐿2
𝑦= 4
𝐿
𝑃𝐿
𝑦=
4
𝐸𝐼 𝑡1⁄ = 𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥. = 𝑃𝐿
3
1 𝑃𝐿 𝐿 2 𝐿
𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥. = ( )( )( )
2 4 2 32
𝑃𝐿3
𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥. =
48
3. Calcular 𝜃1 , 𝜃2 , 𝛿𝑣2
DMF:
Deformada:
𝜃1 = 0
𝜃12 = 𝜃2
𝜃12 = (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹)12
𝐿
𝜃12 = (−𝑃𝐿) ( )
2
−𝑃𝐿2
𝜃12 =
2 𝐸𝐼
Ejemplo 3: Calcular 𝛿𝐻 3 , 𝜃3 𝑦 𝛿𝑉 2
∑ 𝑀1 = 0 ∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0
𝑀1 = 𝑃𝐿 𝑅𝐻1 = 𝑃
Barra 2-3
Barra 1-2
𝑀𝑥 = −𝑃𝐿
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑃𝑥 − 𝑃𝐿
𝑀𝑜 = −𝑃𝐿
𝑀𝐿 = 0
∆𝐻3 = 𝑡3⁄ + 𝜃2 𝐿
2
𝐿 2
𝐸𝐼 𝑡3⁄ = ( −𝑃𝐿) ( ) ( 𝐿)
2 2 3
−𝑃𝐿3
𝑡3⁄ =
2 3𝐸𝐼
−𝑃𝐿3 𝑃𝐿2
∆𝐻3 = − (𝐿)
3𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
−4𝑃𝐿3
∆𝐻3 =
3𝐸𝐼
Calculo del 𝜃2
𝐸𝐼𝜃12 = −𝑃𝐿2
𝑃𝐿2
𝜃12 = −
𝐸𝐼
𝜃2 = 𝜃12
𝑃𝐿2
* Por lo tanto: 𝜃2 = − 𝐸𝐼
Calculo del 𝜃3
3𝑃𝐿2
𝜃3 =
2𝐸𝐼
EJEMPLO 4:
Calcular reacciones de las siguiente figura, 𝑅𝐴 , 𝑅𝐵 , 𝑀𝐴 , 𝑀𝐵 y flecha cuando 𝑥 = 3𝑎
DEFORMADA:
CARGA AUMENTADA:
𝑞𝑥 2 −9𝑞𝑎2
𝑀𝑥 = − 𝑀(3𝑎) =
2 2
CARGA FICTICIA:
𝑞𝑥 2 𝑞𝑎2
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑀(𝑎) =
2 2
MOMENTO DE EMPOTRAMIENTO:
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑀𝑎 𝑀(4𝑎) = 𝑀𝑎
4𝑎 1 1 1 𝑞𝑎2 𝑎
0 = ( 4𝑎 𝑀𝐴 ) ( ) + ( 4𝑎 𝑅𝐴 )(4𝑎 ) ( × 4𝑎 ) + ( ) (𝑎)
2 2 3 3 2 4
2
1 −9𝑞𝑎 1
− ( ) (3𝑎) ( ) (3𝑎)
3 2 4
2
32 3
𝑞𝑎4 27 4
0 = ( 8𝑎 𝑀𝐴 ) + 𝑅 (𝑎 ) + − 𝑞𝑎
3 𝐴 24 8
32 10
0 = ( 8𝑎2 𝑀𝐴 ) + 𝑅𝐴 (𝑎3 ) − 𝑞𝑎4 ……. (1)
3 3
32 10
0 = ( 8 𝑀𝐴 ) + 𝑅𝐴 (𝑎 ) − 𝑞𝑎2 …….. (1)
3 3
Calculo de 𝛉𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎
𝐸𝐼𝜃12 = ( 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹 )12
1 1 2 1 −9𝑞𝑎2
0 = ( 4𝑎 𝑀𝐴 ) + 4𝑎 𝑅𝐴 (4𝑎) + ( 𝑞𝑎 ) (𝑎) − ( ) (3𝑎)
2 3 3 2
𝑞𝑎3 9𝑞𝑎3
0 = ( 4𝑎 𝑀𝐴 ) + 8𝑎2 𝑅𝐴 + − ( )
6 2
13𝑞𝑎3
0 = ( 4𝑎 𝑀𝐴 ) + 8𝑎2 𝑅𝐴 + ……. (2)
3
13𝑞𝑎2
0 = ( 4 𝑀𝐴 ) + 8𝑎𝑅𝐴 + ……. (2)
3
32 10 2
(8 𝑀𝐴 ) + 𝑎𝑅𝐴 = 𝑞𝑎
3 3
13 3
( 4 𝑀𝐴 ) + 8𝑎𝑅𝐴 = 𝑞𝑎 → 𝑥(−2)
3
32 10 2
(8 𝑀𝐴 ) + 𝑎𝑅𝐴 = 𝑞𝑎
3 3
26 3
(−8 𝑀𝐴 ) + 16𝑎𝑅𝐴 = − 𝑞𝑎
3
−16 −16 2
𝑎𝑅𝐴 = 𝑞𝑎
3 3
Reemplazando 3 en 2
13 2
(4 𝑀𝐴 ) + 8 𝑎𝑅𝐴 =𝑞𝑎
3
13 2
(4 𝑀𝐴 ) + 8 𝑎(𝑞𝑎) = 𝑞𝑎
3
13 2
( 𝑀𝐴 ) + 2𝑞𝑎2 = 𝑞𝑎
12
−11 2
𝑀𝐴 = 𝑞𝑎
12
11 2 11 2
𝑞𝑎 = 𝑀𝐴 𝑞𝑎 = 𝑀𝐵
12 12
∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 ∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0
11
𝑞𝑎 − 2𝑞𝑎 − 𝑅𝐵 = 0 𝑞𝑎2 − 4𝑎𝑞𝑎 + 2𝑞𝑎(2𝑎) =
12
𝑀𝐵
11
𝑅𝐵 = 𝑞𝑎 12
𝑞𝑎2 − 4𝑞𝑎2 + 4𝑞𝑎2 = 𝑀𝐵
11 2
𝑀𝐵 = 𝑞𝑎
12
11 2
𝑀𝐵 = 𝑞𝑎
12
𝑅𝐵 = 𝑞𝑎
11 2
𝑀(𝑎) = − 𝑞𝑎
12
𝑅𝐵 = 𝑞𝑎 𝑀𝑥 = 𝑞𝑎𝑥
𝑞𝑎 𝑀(𝑎) = 𝑞𝑎2
𝑞𝑎2
11 2
− 𝑞𝑎
12
Calculo de Reacciones
𝑅𝑉3 = 𝑃 𝑀1 = 0
𝑅𝑉1 = 𝑃 𝑀𝑋 = 𝑃𝑥
𝑀𝑋 = 𝑃𝑥
𝑀(𝐿) = 𝑃𝐿
𝑀(𝐿) = 𝑃𝐿
∆𝐻2 ∆𝐻2
𝜃2
𝑡3/2
𝜃2
𝜃1
𝑡1/2 𝜃2 𝐿
𝑃𝐿3 𝑃𝐿3
𝐸𝐼𝑡1/2 = 3
𝐸𝐼𝑡3/2 = 3
𝑃𝐿3 𝑃𝐿3
𝑡1/2 = 3𝐸𝐼 𝑡3/2 = 3𝐸𝐼
PL3 1
θ2 = ( )
3 L
PL2
θ2 =
3EI
∆H2 = T1⁄ + θ2 L
2
PL3 PL2
∆H2 = + (L)
3EI 3EI
𝟐𝑷𝑳𝟑
∆𝑯𝟐 =
𝟑𝑬𝑰
𝑃𝐿3 𝑃𝐿3
t1/2 = t3/2 =
3𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
t 3/2 𝑃𝐿2
Ѳ2 = Ѳ2 =
𝑙 3𝐸𝐼
𝑡2/3
EI t2/3 = (Área DMF)23 X2 Ѳ3 =
𝐿
1 𝐿 𝑃𝐿3 1
EI t2/3 = (PL) (L) ( ) Ѳ3 = x
2 2 6𝐸𝐼 𝐿
𝑃𝐿3 𝑷𝑳𝟐
EI t2/3 = Ѳ3 =
6 𝟔𝑬𝑰
𝑷𝑳𝟑
t2/3=
𝟔𝑬𝑰
ΔH4 = ΔH2 + Ѳ3 L
2𝑃𝐿3 𝑃𝐿2
ΔH4 = + 6𝐸𝐼 𝐿
3𝐸𝐼
2𝑃𝐿3 𝑃𝐿3
ΔH4 = + 6𝐸𝐼
3𝐸𝐼
𝟓𝑷𝑳𝟑
ΔH4 = 𝟔𝑬𝑰
𝑞𝑎3 4𝑞𝑎3
EI Ѳ13 = 2𝑞𝑎3 + - 𝑞𝑎3 -
6 3
𝒒𝒂𝟑
Ѳ13 = −
𝟔𝑬𝑰
𝟕𝒒𝒂𝟒
tc/a = −- 𝟐𝟒𝑬𝑰
4 𝑞𝑎4
EI t3/2 = −2𝑞𝑎 +
8
𝟏𝟓𝒒𝒂𝟒
t3/2 = − = Δv3
𝟖𝑬𝑰
EJEMPLO 8: calcular ϴA ϴB
1. Cálculo de reacciones:
∑ 𝑀A = 0
(RB) (3) - (300) (2) (2) = 0
RB = 400 N
∑ 𝑀C = 0
(300) (2) (1) – RA (3) = 0
RA = 200 N
2. Cálculo de momentos:
M = 200x
M(0) = 0 M(3) = 600
M= - 300x2 / 2
DMF
DEFORMADA
Calculo de ϴA = tC/A/3
EI tC/A = (Área DMF)CA Xc
1 1 1 2
EI tC/A = 2(600)(3)(3ˣ3) - 3(600)(2) (4)
EI tC/A = 900-200
700
tC/A = 𝐸𝐼
700
ϴA= 3𝐸𝐼
tC/A
ϴA= 3
Cálculo ϴB = tA/C/3
EI tA/C = (Área DMF)AC XA
1 2 1 3
EI tA/C = 2(600)(2)(3ˣ3) - 3(600)(2) (1+4(2))
EI tA/C =1200-1000
200
TA/C = 𝐸𝐼
ϴB = tA/C/3
200
ϴA= 3𝐸𝐼
1. Cálculos de reacciones:
∑ 𝑀A = 0
1
RB (6) = 2 (600) (3) (4)
RB = 600 RA = 300
2. Cálculo de momentos:
M = 300x
M(x=0) = 0 M(x=5) =1500
ℎ 600
=
𝑥 3
h = 200x
M= -100x2(x/3)
M= 600x
DMF
DEFORMADA
Calculo de tD/A
EI tD/A = (Área DMF)DA XD
1 1 1 2 1 2
EI tD/A = 2(1500)(5)(1+3ˣ5)+ 2(600)(1) (3 ˣ1)- 4(900)(3)(1+3 ˣ3)
9120
TD/A = 𝐸𝐼
Cálculo tA/D:
EI tA/D = (Área DMF)AD XA
1 2 1 1 1 4
EI tA/D = 2(1500)(5)(3ˣ5)+ 2(600)(1) (5+3)- 4(900)(3)(2+5 ˣ3)
tA/D = 11130/EI
W
A B MC
L RC
Calculo de reacciones:
∑ 𝑀B = 0 ∑ 𝑌=0
MB = (WL/2) (2L/3) RB=WL/2
MB= WL2/3
Mx= WL/2
Mx= WL2/3
ℎ 𝑥
B 𝑊
=𝐿 h= Wx/L
1
Mx=-Wx2/2L (3x)
Mx=-Wx2/6L
DMF:
L
A B
WL2/2 +
-WL2/3 -
-WL2/6 -
DEFORMADA:
A B
𝒕𝑨⁄𝑩
Calculo de ϴA
ϴA= ϴAB= (Área DMF)AB
1 1
ϴA= 2(WL2/2)(L) - (WL2/3) - 4(WL2/6)(L)
150 N/m
A B C MC
2m 2m RC
MC = 900 N/m
∑ 𝑀A = 0
(RC) (4) - (150) (2) (1) - 900 = 0
RC = 300 N
−150𝑥 2
150 N/m Mx = 2
Mx 𝑀𝑥 = −75𝑥 2
x/2 x/2 M(0) = 0 M(4) = -1200
x
−150𝑥 2
x Mx = 2
2m 2m
150
A B +
-
-1200
2m 2m
Deformada:
A B C
𝒕𝑨⁄𝑪 𝒕𝑩⁄𝑪 = 𝜹𝑩
−4100
𝒕𝑨⁄𝑪 = 𝜹𝑨 = 𝐸𝐼
4m
A B C
+ 600
-900 -
-300
−1400
𝒕𝑩⁄𝑪 = 𝜹𝑩 = 𝐸𝐼
𝑁𝑚3
MC = KN/m
∑ 𝐹V = 0
RC - 2 - 4 = 0
RC = 6 KN
2 KN Mx = -2x KN.m
Mx
x M(0) = 0 M(2.5) = -5KN.m
4 KN Mx = -4x KN.m
Mx
x M(0) = 0 M(1) = -4KN.m
𝟐 𝟏
𝟑 𝟑
- -4KN.m
A - -5KN.m
𝟐∗𝟐.𝟓 𝟐.𝟓
𝟑 𝟑
Deformada:
A B C
𝒕𝑨⁄𝑪 𝒕𝑩⁄𝑪 = 𝜹𝑩
14.75 𝐾𝑁.𝑚3
𝒕𝑨⁄𝑪 = 𝜹𝑨 = − 𝐸𝐼
cálculo de 𝛿𝐵 .
−7
𝒕𝑩⁄𝑪 = 𝜹𝑩 =
2𝐸𝐼
Mg. Ing. Genaro Delgado Contreras
ANÁLISIS ESTRUCTURAL I
Calculo de reacciones
𝑊𝐿
𝑅𝐶 =
2
∑𝑀𝐶 = 0
𝑊𝐿 3𝐿
( ) = 𝑀𝐶
2 4
3𝑊𝐿2
𝑀𝐶 =
8
TRANSFORMADO LA FIGURA:
Primer método
−𝑊𝑥 2
WX Mx = 2
−𝑊𝐿2
x/2 x/2 M(0)=0 M(L)= 2
x
𝑊𝑥 2
x Mx = 2
x/2 x/2
𝐿 𝑊𝐿2
M(0)= 0 M(2) = 8
WX
DMF
7𝑊𝐿4 𝑊𝐿4
EI tA/C = -
384 8
−41𝑊𝐿4
tA/C = 384 𝐸𝐼
Segundo método
DMF
WL2/2 +
-3WL2/8 -
-WL2/8 -
𝑊𝐿
M= 2
x
𝑊𝐿2
M(x=L)= 2
3𝑊𝐿2
M= 8
−𝑊𝑥 2
WX Mx = 2
𝐿 −𝑊𝐿2
x/2 x/2 M(0)=0 M(2)= 8
Deformada
A B C
𝒕𝑨⁄𝑪 𝒕𝑩⁄𝑪
−41𝑊𝐿4
tA/C = 384 𝐸𝐼
CALCULO DE REACCIONES
∑𝑀𝐴 = 0
1200
𝑀𝐴 = ( ) (3)(2)
2
∑𝑀𝐴 = 3600 N.m
Calculo de DMF
𝑀𝑋 = 1800𝑋 𝑀0 = 0 𝑀3 = 5400
𝑅𝐴 = 1800
𝑀𝑋 = −3600
ℎ 𝑥
=
1200 3
h = 400x
𝑋
𝑀𝑋 = (−200𝑋 2 ) 3
−200𝑋 3
𝑀𝑋 = ( )
3
−1600
𝑀0 = 0 𝑀2 = 3
𝑀3 = −1800
DEFORMADA
𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = 𝒮𝐵
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐵/𝐴 =(𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹)𝐵/𝐴 ̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝐵
1 1 1 1600 1
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = (3600 ∗ 2) ∗ 2 − (3600 ∗ 2)(1) − ∗2 ∗2
2 3 4 3 3
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = 2400-7200-320/3
−14720 14720
𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = 𝒮𝐵 = -
3𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝑋 = 100𝑋
𝑀(1) = 100
𝑀(3) = 300
𝑀𝑋 = −100𝑋
𝑀(1) = −300
DMF
DEFORMADA
𝐸𝐼tB/A= (𝐴𝐷𝑀𝐹)B/A XB
1 1 1
𝐸𝐼tD/A= 2 (300 ∗ 3) ∗ 1 − 2 (800 ∗ 1)
3
400
tD/A= 𝐸𝐼
tB/A
ΘA= 3
400
ΘA= 3𝐸𝐼
1
EIΘAC= 2 (100𝑋)(𝑋)
50𝑋 2
ΘA= 𝐸𝐼
ΘA= ΘAC
400 50𝑋 2
=
3𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
8
= 𝑋2
3
X = 1.63
𝐸𝐼tC/A= (𝐴𝐷𝑀𝐹)C/A XC
1 1
𝐸𝐼tC/A= 2 (100𝑋)(𝑋) 𝑋
3
50𝑋 3
TC/A= 3𝐸𝐼
145.155
δmáx =
𝐸𝐼
∑ 𝑀A = 0
𝑅𝐶(3) = (500)(1) + (100)(4)
𝑅𝐶 = 300
∑ 𝑀C = 0
𝑅𝐴(3) = (500)(2) − (100)(1)
𝑅𝐴 = 300 𝑁
𝑴X = 300𝑋
M (3) = 900
M X = −500𝑋
M (2) = −1000
M X = −100𝑋
M (1) = −100
DMF
DEFORMADA
1. Calculo de tA/C
𝐸𝐼tA/C= (𝐴𝐷𝑀𝐹) A/C XA
1 2 1 2
𝐸𝐼tA/C= 2 (900 ∗ 3) ∗ 3 − 2 (1000 ∗ 2)(1 + 3 ∗ 2)
3
7000
𝐸𝐼tA/C= 2700 −
3
1100
tA/C = 3𝐸𝐼
1100
tA/C =
3𝐸𝐼
𝐷𝐸 1
=
tA/C 3
tA/C 1100
𝐷𝐸 = =
3 3 ∗ 3EI
1100
𝐷𝐸 =
9𝐸𝐼
3. Calculo de tD/C
𝐷𝐸 = 𝛿𝐷 + tD/C
𝛿𝐷 = 𝐷𝐸 − tD/C
1100 100
𝛿𝐷 = −
9𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
1100
𝛿𝐷 =
9𝐸𝐼
Calculo de reacciones:
∑ 𝑀A = 0
𝑅𝐵(5) = 1200 + 4800
𝑅𝐵 = 1200
∑ 𝑀𝐹 Y = 0
𝑅𝐷 = 1200
DMF
𝑀𝑋 = 1200𝑋
𝑀(5) = 6000
𝑀(2.5) = 3000
𝑀𝑋 = −300𝑋2
𝑀(2.5) = −1875
𝑀(5) = −7500
𝑀𝑋 = −300𝑋2
𝑀(2) = −1200
𝑀𝑋 = −300𝑋2
𝑀(0.5) = 75
𝑀(3) = 2700
DEFORMADA
Solución N° 01
𝐸𝐼tD/A= (𝐴𝐷𝑀𝐹) D/A XD
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
𝐸𝐼tD/A= 3 (2700 ∗ 3) 4
∗ 3 + (6000 ∗ 5)
2 3
∗ 5 − (7500 ∗ 5)
3 4
∗ 5 − (1200 ∗ 2)( ∗ 2)
3 4
11000
tD/A = 𝐸𝐼
1 1 1 1 1 1
𝐸𝐼tE/A= 3 (75 ∗ 0.5) ∗ 0.5 + 2 (3000 ∗ 2.5) ∗ 2.5 − 3 (1875 ∗ 2.5)(4 ∗ 2.5)
4 3
2150
tE/A = 𝐸𝐼
3350
𝛿𝐸 =
𝐸𝐼 Rpta.
𝛿𝐸 = tA/E
𝐸𝐼 tA/E= (𝐴𝐷𝑀𝐹)A/E XA
1 3 1 2 1 3
𝐸𝐼tA/E= 3 (75 ∗ 0.5) 2 + 4 ∗ 0.5 + (3000 ∗ 2.5) ∗ 2.5 − 3 (1875 ∗ 2.5)(4 ∗ 2.5)
2 3
𝐸𝐼tA/E= 3350
3350 Rpta.
tA/E= = 𝛿𝐸
𝐸𝐼
RC=400N
RC = 400
∑ 𝑀𝐹 Y = 0
400 + 𝑅𝐴 = 1200
𝑅𝐴 = 800
𝑀𝑋 = 400𝑋
𝑀(1) = 400
𝑀(3) = 1200
𝑀𝑋 = −300𝑋 2
𝑀(2) = −1200
DMF.
400
DEFORMADA
𝜹𝑩
𝐸𝐼tA/C= 1400
1400
tA/C = 𝐸𝐼
200
tB/C= 3𝐸𝐼
1400 200
𝛿B = −
3𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
400
𝛿B =
𝐸𝐼
∑ 𝑀A = 0
RB(4) = (200 ∗ 1) + (500 ∗ 2)
RB = 300
𝑀𝑋 = 400𝑋
𝑀(0) = 0
𝑀(2) = 800
𝑀(1) = 400
𝑀𝑋 = −200𝑋
𝑀(0) = 0
𝑀(1) = −200
𝑀𝑋 = 300𝑋
𝑀(0) = 0
𝑀(2) = 600
DMF
DEFORMADA
tD/A
𝐸𝐼tD/A= (𝐴𝐷𝑀𝐹)D/A XD
1 2 1 1 1 1
𝐸𝐼tD/A= 2 (600 ∗ 2) ∗ 2 + 2 (800 ∗ 2) 2 + 3 ∗ 2 − 2 (200 ∗ 1) 2 + 3 ∗ 1
3
6400 700
𝐸𝐼tD/A= 800 + 3
− 3
2700
tD/A= 𝑵𝒎3
𝐸𝐼 Mg. Ing. Genaro Delgado Contreras
ANÁLISIS ESTRUCTURAL I
1 1 1 1
𝐸𝐼tC/A= 2 (800 ∗ 2) 3
∗ 2 − 2 (200 ∗ 1) 3
∗1
1600 100
𝐸𝐼tC/A= −
3 3
500
TC/A= 𝐸𝐼
𝐸𝐼tB/A= (𝐴𝐷𝑀𝐹)B/A XB
1 1
𝐸𝐼tB/A= 2 (400 ∗ 1) ∗1
3
200
TB/A= 3𝐸𝐼
850
δC =
EI
1(tD/A)
δB = − tB/A
4
1 2700 200
δB = ( )−
4 𝐸𝐼 EI
1825
δB =
3EI
EJEMPLO 20:
Calcula el valor de la flecha bajo la carga concentrada de 100N.m
500 N
M = 1 0 0 N .m
A B C D
1m 2m 1m
R A = 400 N R B = 100 N
𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝑀𝐵 = 0
𝑀𝑥 = 400𝑥
𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(3) = 1200
𝑀𝑥 = −500𝑥
𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(2) = −1000
𝑀𝑥 = 100𝑥
𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(1) = 100
DMF:
1200
+ 100
+
A B C
-1 0 0 0
DEFORMADA:
A B C
1m 2m 1m
sc
t C /D
t A /D
1 2 1 1 1 2
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐴/𝐷 = (1200 × 3) ( × 3) + (100 × 1) (3 + × 1) − (1000 × 2) (1 + × 2)
2 3 2 3 2 3
500 7000
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐴/𝐷 = 3600 + −
3 3
4300
𝑡𝐴/𝐷 =
3𝐸𝐼
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐶/𝐷 = (Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹)𝐶/𝐷 𝑋̅𝐶
1 1
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐶/𝐷 = (100 × 1) ( × 1)
2 3
50
𝑡𝐶/𝐷 =
3𝐸𝐼
EJEMPLO 21:
Calcular la deflexión en el centro de la viga, x = 2m.
8 0 0 N /m
A B C
1m 3m
R A = 300 R B = 900
𝑀𝐴 = 0
800 × 3
𝑅𝐵 (4) = ( ) (3)
2
𝑅𝐵 = 900 𝑁
𝑀𝐵 = 0
800 × 3 1
𝑅𝐵 (4) = ( ) ( × 3)
2 3
𝑅𝐴 = 300 𝑁
𝑀𝑋 = 300𝑋
𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(4) = 1200
𝑀(2) = 600
ℎ 𝑥
=
800 4
ℎ = 200𝑥
−100𝑥 3
𝑀𝑥 =
3
−100
𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(1) =
3
𝑀(3) = −900
DMF:
1200
A B D
C
1 0 0 /3
900
DEFORMADA:
A B D C
sD
t D /A
t C /A
600
EJEMPLO 22
En la viga mostrada determinar la deflexión en el punto donde se aplica el momento
∑Ma=0 ∑Mc=0
Rc (L)-M=0 Ra(L)-M=0
Rc=M/L Ra=M/L
TRAMO A-B:
X
V Mx
M/L
𝑀
Mx = 𝐿 (X)
M(0) = 0
M(L) = M
𝑀𝑎
M(a) =
𝐿
TRAMO B-C:
X
M Mx
Mx = −M
𝑀(𝑎) = −𝑀
𝑀(𝑏) = −𝑀
DMF:
DEFORMADA:
𝑀𝑎3 𝑀𝐿2 𝑀
EI t B/A= EI t C/A= − 𝑥(𝐿 − 𝑎)2
6𝐿 6 2
𝑀𝑎3 𝑀𝐿2 𝑀
T B/A=6𝐿𝐸𝐼 EI t C/A= − 𝑥(𝐿2 − 2𝐿𝑎 + 𝑎2 )
6 2
𝑀𝑎3 𝑀 𝐴
𝛿𝐵 = − 6𝐸𝐼 (−3𝑎2 − 2𝐿2 + 6𝐿𝑎)x 𝐿
6𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝑎3 𝑀
𝛿𝐵 = − 6𝐸𝐼 (−3𝑎3 − 2𝐿2 𝑎 + 6𝐿𝑎2 )
6𝐸𝐼
EJEMPLO 23: calcular el valor de p de manera que la viga elástica es apoyo derecha sea
horizontal
∑Ma=0 ∑Mb=0
Rb(3) = P+300(5) Ra(3) = 2P-600
𝑃 2𝑃
Rb= +500 Ra= 3 − 200
3
X
V Mx
2𝑃
− 200
3
2𝑃
Mx=( 3 − 200)𝑋
M(3)= 2P-600
TRAMO B A LA IZQUIERDA
P
X
V Mx
Mx=-Px
M(2)=-2P
TRAMO C A LA IZQUIERDA
Mx 300N
X
Mx
Mx=-300x
M(2)=-600
DMF:
DEFORMADA:
P=1350N
200N
400N/m
RA=50N RB=750N
MX= -200X3/9
M(3)=-600
Mx=-200X
M(2)=-400
DMF:
200
-
-
-600
DEFORMADA:
CALCULO DE REACCIONES:
Mx= - x2
M(2)= -4
Mx= 2x
M(4)= 8
Mx=-x2
M(4)= -16
Mx= x2
M(2)= 4
DMF:
-
-
DEFORMADA TENTATIVA:
Como aquí vemos el resultado es negativo y la deformada anterior indica que tendría
que ser positiva, entonces tenemos una nueva deformada.
Ver:
DEFORMADA
DMF:
Rótula
1 3
M1 4
2L L/2 L/2
PL
𝑷 𝑷
𝑷 R3= R4=
𝟐 𝟐
R1= 𝟐
DMF:
2L
1 2 +
3
2
- 4
-
L/2 L/2
DEFORMADA:
1 2
w
Problema hiperestático:
*Calcular DMF por partes (Derecha a izquierda).
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑅2 𝑥
M 𝑀(0) = 0
x
R2
𝑀(𝐿) = 𝑅2 𝐿
𝑥
wx
𝑀𝑥 = −𝑊𝑥
2
𝑊𝑥 2
M
x /2 x /2
𝑀𝑥 = −
x 2
𝑊𝐿2
𝑀(𝐿) = −
2
DMF:
(+ )
(-)
2
-W L
2
DEFORMADA:
L
2
02
t 1 /2
Calculo de t 2/1 = 0
𝑅2𝐿3 𝑊𝐿4
0= −
3 8
𝑅2𝐿3 𝑊𝐿4
=
3 8
Calculo de 𝜽𝟐
𝜃12 = 𝜃1 + 𝜃2 𝜃1 = 0
𝜃12 = 𝜃2
𝑅2𝐿 1 𝑊𝐿2
𝐸𝐼𝜃12 = 𝐿− ( )∗𝐿
2 3 2
1 3𝑊𝐿2 𝑊𝐿3
𝐸𝐼𝜃12 = 𝐿−( )
2 8 6
3𝑊𝐿3 𝑊𝐿3
𝐸𝐼𝜃12 = −( )
16 6
𝑊𝐿3
𝐸𝐼𝜃12 =
48𝐸𝐼
VIGA:
1 2
w
R 2 = 3 W L /8
𝑀=0
3𝑊𝐿(𝐿) 𝑊𝐿2
𝑀1 + − =0
8 2
𝑊𝐿2 3𝑊𝐿2
𝑀1 = −
2 8
𝑊𝐿2
𝑀1 =
8
Calculo de R1
𝑀2 = 0
𝐿
𝑀1 + 𝑊𝐿 − 𝑅1𝐿 = 0
2
𝑊𝐿2
𝑅1𝐿 = 𝑀1 +
2
𝑊𝐿2 𝑊𝐿2
𝑅1𝐿 = +
8 2
5𝑊𝐿2
𝑅1𝐿 =
8
5𝑊𝐿
𝑅1 =
8
A 3a B
2a
𝑀𝑥 = −𝑃𝑥
P
𝑀(𝑎) = −𝑃𝑎
M
x
Mx
𝑀 = 𝑃𝑎
Pa
M Pa
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑃𝑎 − 𝑃𝑥
x
𝑀(0) = 0
𝑀(𝑎) = 𝑃𝑎
𝑀(3𝑎) = −2𝑃𝑎
-2 P a
DMF:
-
a
Pa
2a +
2a +
-P a
a -
DEFORMADA:
-Linea Punteada marco original y proyecciones.
-Linea continua marco deformado.
A 3a B
0B
VB
0B
0B
2a
0BC
a
D C
0C VB
0ca 0C HC
VB
0D
∆𝑉𝐵 = 𝑡𝐵/𝐴
1 𝑎 1 2
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = 𝑃𝑎 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ − 2𝑃𝑎 ∗ 2𝑎(𝑎 + 2𝑎)
2 3 2 3
𝑃𝑎3 14𝑃𝑎3
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = −
6 3
−9𝑃𝑎3
𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = = ∆𝑉𝐵
2𝐸𝐼
𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐴 + 𝜃𝐵
1 1
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 𝑃𝑎 ∗ 𝑎 − 2𝑃𝑎 ∗ 2𝑎
2 2
𝑃𝑎2
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐴𝐵 = − 2𝑃𝑎2
2
−3𝑃𝑎2
𝜃𝐴𝐵 = = 𝜃𝐵
2𝐸𝐼
𝜃𝐴 = 0
𝜃𝐵𝐶 = 𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵𝐶 = 𝑃𝑎 ∗ 2𝑎
2𝑃𝑎2
𝜃𝐵𝐶 =
𝐸𝐼
𝜃𝐵𝐶 − 𝜃𝐵 = 𝜃𝐶
2𝑃𝑎2 3𝑃𝑎2
𝜃𝐶 = −
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
−𝑃𝑎2
𝜃𝐶 =
𝐸𝐼
1 2𝑎
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐷/𝐶 = 𝑃𝑎 ∗ 𝑎 ∗
2 3
−𝑃𝑎3
𝑡𝐷/𝐶 =
3𝐸𝐼
2𝑎
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐶/𝐵 = 𝑃𝑎 ∗ 2𝑎 ∗
2
2𝑃𝑎3
𝑡𝐶/𝐵 =
𝐸𝐼
3𝑃𝑎2 2𝑃𝑎3
2𝑎 = + ∆𝐻𝐶
2𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
𝑃𝑎3
∆𝐻𝐶 =
𝐸𝐼
2a P a
3 3 w 1. Cálculo de reacciones
A B C ∑𝑀𝐴 = 0 ∑𝑀𝐵 = 0
𝑎 2𝑎
A rtic u la c ió n 𝑅(𝐴) (𝑎) = 𝑃(3) 𝑅(𝐵) (𝑎) = 𝑃( 3 )
a b 𝑃 2𝑃
𝑅(𝐴) = 𝑅(𝐵) =
3 3
P P
R A=
3 3
Pa
3 P
MX
1 + x
2
𝑎 −𝑃𝑎
-
𝑀𝑥 = −𝑃𝑥 𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀( ) =
3 3
Pa
a 3 2P
3
MX
x
-2 P b
3
-
−2𝑃𝑥 −2𝑃𝑏
3
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(𝑏) =
3 3
4
-
w b2 wx
2
MX
x
−𝑤𝑥 −𝑤𝑏2
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(𝑏) =
2 2
Deformada:
B B
A C
? A
𝛿𝑣2 t B /C 𝛿𝑣2
t B /A
1 0 m /m
Cálculo de reacciones
A ∑𝑀𝐴 = 0
B C
𝑅𝐵 = 45
R A= 15 TN
R B= 45 TN
DMF
∑𝑀𝐴 = 0
MX M x=15x
60
4𝑅𝐵 = (40)(2) + (20)(5) x
M (4 )= 6 0
𝑅𝐵 = 45 15
1 + 10x
4m B 2m
A
3 -
C MX M x = -5 x ²
2
- x M (4 )= - 8 0
10x
20
MX M x = -5 x ²
80 x
M (2 )= - 2 0
Deformada
4 m 2m
A B C 20
𝑡𝐵/𝐶 = 𝛿𝑣𝑐 =
𝐸𝐼
160
t B /A = 3 E I
60
𝑡𝐶/𝐴 =
𝐸𝐼
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐴/𝐵 = 0
𝑡𝐶/𝐵 + 𝑡𝐶/𝐴 6
=
𝑡𝐵/𝐴 4
3𝑡𝐵/𝐴
𝑡𝐶/𝐵 = − 𝑡𝐶/𝐴
2
3 160 60
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐶/𝐵 = ( )−
2 3𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
20
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐶/𝐵 =
𝐸𝐼
𝑀(𝑥) = −𝑃𝑥
𝑀(0) = 0
𝐿 −𝑃𝐿
𝑀( ) =
2 2
𝑀(𝐿) = −𝑃𝐿
𝑀(𝑥) = 𝑀𝑜
𝑀(0) = 𝑀0
𝐿
𝑀 ( ) = 𝑀0
2
DEFORMADA
II.Cálculo de 𝜕𝐵
𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝑀𝐷 = 0
𝑀(𝑥) = 140𝑋
𝑀(0) = 0
𝑀(20) = 2800
𝑀(𝑥) = −120𝑋
𝑀(0) = 0
𝑀(15) = −1800
𝑀(𝑥) = −10𝑋 2
𝑀(0) = 0
𝑀(10) = −1000
Diagrama de momento flector
Se traza la deformada
I.
II.
112500
𝜃𝐴 =
20𝐸𝐼
5625
𝜃𝐴 =
𝐸𝐼
𝑡𝐴/𝐷
𝜃𝐵 =
20
332500
𝜃𝐵 =
60𝐸𝐼
16625
𝜃𝐵 =
3𝐸𝐼
ƟDF = ƟD
ƟDF = (Área DMF) DF
ƟDF = 12 (140𝑥)(𝑥) − 12 (120)(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 − 5)
I. Cálculo de reacciones
⅀𝑀𝐴 = 0
2
𝑅𝐵 (2.5) = (85 ∗ ) + (170 ∗ 1.5)
3
+ 150 ∗ 3
914 𝐾𝑔
𝑅𝐵 =
3
⅀𝑀𝐵 = 0
1
𝑅𝐴 (2.5) = (170 ∗ 1) + 85 ∗ (1.5 + )
3
− 150 ∗ (0.5)
301 𝑋 301
𝑀𝑋 = 𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(1) =
3 3
914𝑋
𝑀𝑋 = 𝑀(0) = 0
3
𝑀(1.5)) = 457
−85𝑋 3 −85
𝑀𝑋 = 𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(1) =
3 3
Cálculo de desplazamientos
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐸/𝐷 = (𝐴𝑅𝐸𝐴 𝐷𝑀𝐹)𝐸/𝐷 𝑋𝐸
−1 2𝑋
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐸/𝐷 = (75)(0.5) ∗ 0.5
2 3
−25
𝑡𝐸/𝐷 =
4𝐸𝐼
1 301 2 1 85 1
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐸 = ( ) (1) ( ) − ( ∗ 1) ( )
𝐷 2 3 3 4 3 5
301 17
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐸 = ( )−
𝐷 9 12
1153
𝑡𝐸 = ( )
𝐷 12𝐸𝐼
1 2 1 301 1 1 3 1 85 1 1.5
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐷 = (457 ∗ 1.5) ( ∗ 1.5) + ( ∗ 1) (1.5 + ) − (85 ∗ 1) (0.5 + ) − ( ∗ 1) (1.5 + ) − (75 ∗ 1.5) ( )
𝐴 2 3 2 3 3 3 4 4 3 5 2
1 2
− (225 ∗ 1.5) ( ∗ 1.5)
2 3
1371 3311 425 17 675 675
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐷 = + − − − −
𝐴 4 6 12 8 8 4
7247
𝑡𝐷 =
𝐴 12𝐸𝐼
Cálculo de ƟA
𝑡𝐷/𝐴 7247
Ɵ𝐴 = =
2.5 (12)(2.5)𝐸𝐼
7247
Ɵ𝐴 = 30𝐸𝐼 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎
Cálculo de ∫B
𝑡𝐷/𝐴
∫B = − 𝑡𝐵/𝐴
2.5
7247 1 1153 8729
∫B = ( )− ∫B = Rpta
12𝐸𝐼 2.5 12𝐸𝐼 12𝐸𝐼
𝑰. 𝑪á𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒆𝒔:
↺+ 𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝑤
3𝑅𝐷 = 𝑥1 + (𝑤𝑥2.5)
2
𝑅𝐷 = 𝑤
1 3𝑤 1 1 𝑡𝐷⁄𝐴 37𝑤 1
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐷⁄𝐴 = ( ) (3)(1) − (𝑤. 2) ( . 2) 𝜃𝐴 = ( )
2 2 2 3 3 24𝐸𝐼 3
1 𝑤 1
− (1) ( ) 37𝑤
3 2 4 𝜃𝐴 =
72𝐸𝐼
9𝑤 2𝑤 𝑤 37𝑤
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐷⁄𝐴 = − − → 𝑡𝐷⁄𝐴 =
4 3 24 24𝐸𝐼
𝑪á𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝒙:
1 𝑤𝑥 1 𝑤 𝑤𝑥 2 𝑤 2
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐴𝐶 = (𝑥) − (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 1) = − (𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1)
2 2 2 2 4 4
𝑤𝑥 2 𝑤𝑥 2 𝑤𝑥 𝑤 𝑤𝑥 𝑤 𝐸𝐼37𝑤 𝑤𝑥 𝑤
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐴𝐶 = − + − = − → = −
4 4 2 4 2 4 72𝐸𝐼 2 4
37 𝑥 1 𝑥 55 55
= − → = ∴ 𝑥=
72 2 4 2 72 36
𝑪á𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝜹𝒎á𝒙. :
1 𝑤𝑥 2𝑥 1 𝑤 2
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐴⁄𝐸 = (𝑥) ( ) − (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 1) (1 + (𝑥 − 1))
2 2 3 2 2 3
𝟓𝟓
𝑹𝒆𝒆𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒛𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒐 𝒙 =
𝟑𝟔
𝑤 55 3 𝑤 55 55 2 55
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐴⁄𝐸 = ( ) − ( − 1) ( − 1) (1 + ( − 1))
6 36 4 36 36 3 36
𝑤 55 3 𝑤 361 73
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐴⁄𝐸 = ( ) − ( )( )
6 36 4 1296 54
0.57𝑤 0.57𝑤
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐴⁄𝐸 = 0.57𝑤 → 𝑡𝐴⁄𝐸 = → 𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥. =
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
EI t A⁄ = 0
B
1 2 1
0= (5𝑅𝐴 × 5) ( × 5) + (3)
2 3 2
5
5 3 5 + 2 × (4)
× (4𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐴 ) [5 + ( )]
2 3 3
2+4
5 𝑀𝐴 2
−(𝑀𝐴 × 5) ( ) − ( × 3) (5 + × 3)
2 2 3
125 129 25 34
0= 𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐴 − 𝑀𝐴 −
3 2 2 4
637 89
0= 𝑅𝐴 − 𝑀𝐴 − 315
6 4
637 89
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐴𝐵 = (Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹 )𝐴⁄ 𝑅𝐴 − = 315 … … … I
𝐵 6 4
1 1 5
0=2 (5𝑅𝐴 × 5) + 2 (3) × 4𝑅𝐴 + 2 𝑅𝐴 − De las ecuaciones…… I Y II
𝑀𝐴 1
(𝑀𝐴 × 5) − × 3 − 2 (30 × 3) 637 89
2 𝑅𝐴 − 𝑀𝐴 = 315
6 4
25 39 3
0= 𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐴 − 5𝑀𝐴 − 𝑀𝐴 − 45 1274 89 13
2 4 2 (− ) 𝑅𝐴 − 𝑀𝐴 = 45
267 4 2
89 13
𝑅𝐴 − 𝑀𝐴 = 45 … … … … II 637 89
4 2 𝑅𝐴 − 𝑀𝐴 = 315
6 4
9361 8925
𝑀𝐴 =
1069 89
Reemplazando en III en (I)
𝑀𝐴 = 11.45 … … … . III
𝑅𝐴 = 5.36 𝑇𝑛
9𝐿2 𝑤𝐿3
0= 𝑅1 − 3𝐿𝑀1 − 2𝑤𝐿3 −
2 6
9𝐿 13𝑤𝐿2
2 1
𝑅 − 3𝑀1 = 6
… … … … … (𝐼)
9𝐿2 3𝐿 2𝐿 𝑤𝐿3 𝐿
0= 2
𝑅1 (𝐿) − 3𝐿𝑀1 2 − 2𝑤𝐿3 3
− 6 4
9𝐿 9𝑀1 11
𝑅 − = 𝑤𝐿2 … … … … … (𝐼𝐼)
2 1 2 8
0.14𝑤𝐿4
𝑡3⁄1 = − → 𝑹𝒑𝒕𝒂.
𝐸𝐼
0.14𝑤𝐿4
𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥. = − → 𝑹𝒑𝒕𝒂.
𝐸𝐼
VIGA CONJUGADA
↺+ 𝑴 =𝟎
𝑩 𝒊𝒛𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒆𝒓𝒅𝒂
1 2 1 𝑙 𝑙 2𝑙
M𝐵 = (𝑅𝐵 𝑙)(𝑙) ( 𝑙) − (𝑃𝑙) ( ) ( + )
2 3 2 2 2 32
𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3 5𝑝𝑙 3
𝑀𝐵 = −
3 24
↺+ 𝑴𝑩 𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒂 = 𝟎
1 2𝑙 1 𝑝𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 2 𝑙
𝑀𝐵 = − (𝑅𝐵 𝑙)(𝑙) ( ) − ( ) ( ) ( + )
2 3 3 2 2 2 32
𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3 5𝑝𝑙 3
𝑀𝐵 = − −
3 48
𝑅𝐵 . 𝑙 3 5𝑝𝑙 3
𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3 5𝑝𝑙 3 −𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3 5𝑝𝑙 3 𝑀𝐵 = −
− = − 3 24
3 24 3 48
5𝑃 𝑙 3 5𝑃𝑙 3
2𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3 5𝑝𝑙 3 𝑀𝐵 = ( )−
32 3 24
=
3 48
−5𝑃𝑙 3
5 𝛿𝐵 =
𝑅𝐵 = 𝑝 32𝐸𝐼
32
Parte derecha:
𝑀𝑐 = 0
3𝑅𝑏 = 6(3)
𝑅𝑏 = 6 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑀𝑏 = 0
3𝑅𝑐 = 6𝑥6
𝑅𝑐 = 36/3
𝑅𝑐 = 12 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Calculo de t b/c
𝑏 1 2
𝐸𝐼 𝑡 = (− ) (18𝑥3) ( ) (3)
𝑐 2 3
𝑏 54
𝑡 =−
𝑐 𝐸𝐼
𝑏
𝑌 = 𝑡 + ∆𝑏
𝑐
𝑌 = |𝑡 𝑏/𝑐| + |𝑡 𝑏/𝑎|
54 33751
𝑌= +( )
𝐸𝐼 16𝐸𝐼
4239
𝑌=( )
16𝐸𝐼
𝑦
Cálculo de 𝜃𝑐 = 3𝑚
4239
𝜃𝑐 =
(16𝐸𝐼)(3)
1413
𝜃𝑐 = −
16𝐸𝐼
Cálculo 𝜃𝑏𝑐
1
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝑏𝑐 = (− )(18𝑥3)
2
27
𝜃𝑏𝑐 = −
𝐸𝐼
𝜃𝑏𝑐 = 𝜃𝑏 + 𝜃𝑐
𝜃𝑏 = 𝜃𝑏𝑐 − 𝜃𝑐
27 1413
𝜃𝑏 = |− |−| |
𝐸𝐼 16𝐸𝐼
981
𝜃𝑏 = −
16𝐸𝐼
𝐸𝐼 = 84 𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑚2
981
𝜃𝑏 = −
16𝑥84
𝜃𝑏 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎 = −0.73
∆𝑒 = 𝜃𝑐(𝐿)
∆𝑒 = 𝜃𝑐(4.5)
1413
∆𝑒 = − 𝑥4.5
16𝐸𝐼
𝐸𝐼 = 84 𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑚2
12717
∆𝑒 =
32𝐸𝐼
∆𝑒 = 4.73
Cálculo ∆𝑣𝑏 = 𝑡 𝑏/𝑎
𝑏 1 2 1 2
𝐸𝐼𝑡 = (( ) (30𝑥5) ( 𝑥5)) − (( ) (7.5𝑥2.5) ((2.5) + ( 𝑥2.5)))
𝑎 2 3 2 3
𝑏 625
𝐸𝐼 𝑡 = 250 − ( )
𝑎 16
𝑏 3375
𝑡 =
𝑎 16𝐸𝐼
3375 𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑚3
∆𝑣𝑏 =
(16)(84) (𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑚2 )
∆𝑣𝑏 = 2.51𝑚
𝜃𝑎𝑏 = 𝜃𝑏
1 1
𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝑎𝑏 = (( ) (30𝑥5)) − (( ) (7.5𝑥2.5))
2 2
525
𝜃𝑎𝑏 =
8𝐸𝐼
525(𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑚3 )
𝜃𝑏 =
(8𝑥84)(𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑚2 )
𝜃𝑏 𝑖𝑧𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑎 = 0.78 𝑚
𝑀𝑒 = 0
𝑎
(𝑞(𝑎) ) − (𝑅𝑐(𝑎)) + (𝑞𝑎(𝑎)) = 0
2
𝑞𝑎2
(𝑎)𝑅𝑐 = + 𝑞𝑎2
2
3
𝑅𝑐 = 𝑞𝑎
2
𝑀𝑐
𝑎
(𝑞𝑥𝑎𝑥𝑎) − (𝑅𝑒(𝑎)) − (𝑞𝑥𝑎 )=0
2
𝑞𝑎2
𝑅𝑒 = 𝑞𝑎2 −
2
𝑞𝑎
𝑅𝑒 =
2
−1 𝐿 2𝐿 −𝑃𝐿2
EI 𝑡𝐵⁄ = (𝑃𝐿) 𝜃𝐴𝐵 =
𝐴 2 2 32 4𝐸𝐼
−𝑃𝐿3
𝑡𝐵⁄ =
𝐴 12𝐸𝐼
II.- Cálculo
𝛿𝐷 = 𝑡𝐷⁄ EI 𝜃𝐷𝐸 = (Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹)𝐷𝐸
𝐸
−1 𝑃𝐿 𝐿
EI 𝑡𝐷⁄ = (Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹) D/E ̅
XD EI 𝜃𝐷𝐸 =
𝐸 2 2 2
−1 𝑃𝐿 𝐿 2𝐿 −𝑃𝐿2
EI 𝑡𝐷⁄ = 𝜃𝐷𝐸 =
𝐸 2 2 2 32 8𝐸𝐼
−𝑃𝐿3
𝑡𝐷⁄ =
𝐸 24𝐸𝐼
𝜃𝐷𝐸 = 𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐸
𝜃𝐷 = 𝜃𝐸 − 𝜃𝐷𝐸
−𝑃𝐿2
𝜃𝐷 =
8𝐸𝐼
−5𝑃𝐿3
𝑡𝐶⁄ =
𝐴 24𝐸𝐼
I. Cálculo de 𝛿𝐵 = 𝑡𝐵⁄
𝐴
−𝑃𝐿3 −𝑃𝐿3
𝑡𝐵⁄ = 𝛿𝐵 =
𝐴 12𝐸𝐼 12𝐸𝐼
II. Cálculo 𝜃𝐵
EI 𝜃𝐴𝐵 = (Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹)𝐴𝐵 𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵
1 𝐿 𝐿
EI 𝜃𝐷𝐸 = 2
(𝑃𝐿)
2
− (𝑃𝐿) 2
𝜃𝐵 = 𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐴𝐵
−𝑃𝐿2 −𝑃𝐿2
𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐵 = 0 − ( )
4𝐸𝐼 4𝐸𝐼
𝑃𝐿2
𝜃𝐵 =
4𝐸𝐼
−𝑃𝐿3 −𝑃𝐿3
𝑡𝐷⁄ = 𝛿𝐷 =
𝐸 24𝐸𝐼 24𝐸𝐼
1 𝑃𝐿 𝐿 𝑃𝐿 𝐿
EI 𝜃𝐷𝐸 = 2 2 2
− 2 2
𝜃𝐷 = 𝜃𝐸 − 𝜃𝐷𝐸
−𝑃𝐿2 −𝑃𝐿2
𝜃𝐷𝐸 = 𝜃𝐷 =
8𝐸𝐼 8𝐸𝐼
I. Calcular δB = t B⁄
A
−6400 −6400
𝑡𝐵⁄ = 𝛿𝐵 =
𝐴 3𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
II. Calcular δC
δC = 𝛿𝐵 + 𝑦
EI 𝑡𝐷⁄ = (Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹) D/B ̅
XD
𝐵
1 4 1 2
EI 𝑡𝐷⁄ = (400 × 4) − 2 (400 × 2)
𝐵 2 3 3
800
𝑡𝐷⁄ =
𝐵 𝐸𝐼
400
𝑡𝐶⁄ =
𝐵 3𝐸𝐼
𝑦+𝑡𝐶⁄ 2
𝐵
=
𝑡𝐶⁄ 4
𝐵
𝑡𝐶⁄
𝐵
𝑦 + 𝑡𝐶⁄ =
𝐵 2
𝑡𝐶⁄
𝐵
𝑦= − 𝑡𝐶⁄
2 𝐵
Por ultimo
𝛿𝐶 = |𝛿𝐵 | + |𝑦|
−6400 800
𝛿𝐶 = | |+| |
3𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
6400 800
𝛿𝐶 = +
3𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
2400
𝛿𝐶 =
𝐸𝐼
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 ∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0
1868 169 169 1868
𝑀𝐴 = 2(14.5) − 1257 (13) − 419 (5) 𝑅𝐴 = 2 − 419 − 1257
9634 1153
𝑀𝐴 = 𝑅𝐴 =
1257 1257
EI 𝑡𝐵⁄ = 0
𝐴
̅B
EI 𝑡𝐵⁄ = (Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹) B/A X
𝐴
1 2 1 2 5 5 1 2
EI 𝑡𝐵⁄ = (5𝑅𝐵 )(5) × 5 + 2 (5𝑅𝐶 )(5) × 5 + (8𝑅𝐶 )(5) − (19)(5) − 2 (10)(5) ×5
𝐴 2 3 3 2 2 3
1925
125𝑅𝐵 + 425𝑅𝐶 =
3
385 32725
5𝑅𝐵 + 85𝑅𝐶 = …… (1) (÷ 25) = −425𝑅𝐵 − 7225𝑅𝐶 = −
3 3
EI 𝑡𝐶⁄ = 0
𝐵
̅C
EI 𝑡𝐶⁄ = (Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹) C/B X
𝐵
1 2
EI 𝑡𝐶⁄ = (200 × 2)
𝐴 2 3
5𝑅𝐵 × 5 2 1 2 13 1 2
0= (8 + (5)) + (13𝑅𝐶 )(13) ( × 13) − (3)(13) ( ) − (26)(13) ( × 13)
2 3 2 3 2 2 3
10309
425𝑅𝐵 + 2197𝑅𝐶 = ……(2)
3
−32725
(-85) −425𝑅𝐵 − 7225𝑅𝐶 =
3
10309
425𝑅𝐵 + 2197𝑅𝐶 =
3
−5028𝑅𝐶 = −7472
1868
𝑅𝐶 =
1257
De (3) en (2)
1868 10309
425𝑅𝐵 + 2197 ( )=
1259 3
425𝑅𝐵 = 171.02
169
𝑅𝐵 =
419
−𝑞𝑥2
𝑀𝑥 = 2
𝑀(0) = 0
𝑀(4𝑎) = −8𝑞𝑎2
16
Deformada: 𝑀𝑥 = 8𝑞𝑎2 − 𝑞𝑎𝑥
5
𝑀(0) = 8𝑞𝑎2
𝑀(5𝑎) = −8𝑞𝑎2
I. Calculo de t 𝐴⁄𝐵
1 2 1 2.5
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐵⁄ = (8𝑞𝑎2 )(2.5) (2.5 + (2.5)) − (8𝑞𝑎2 )(2.5) ( )
𝐴 2 3 2 3
125 4 25 4
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐵⁄ = 𝑞𝑎 − 𝑞𝑎
𝐴 3 3
100 4
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐵⁄ = 3𝐸𝐼 𝑞𝑎
𝐴
100𝑞𝑎4 100𝑞𝑎4
𝑦 ∆𝐵
= 3𝐸𝐼
= 3𝐸𝐼
3 5 4 5
20𝑞𝑎4 80𝑞𝑎4
𝑦= ∆𝐵 =
𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
𝜃𝐴 = 0 𝜃𝐵 = 0
IV. Cálculo t C⁄
B
5
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐶⁄ = (−8𝑞𝑎2 )(5𝑎) ( 𝑎)
𝐵 2
−100
𝑡𝐶⁄ = 𝑞𝑎4
𝐵 𝐸𝐼
∆𝑉𝑐 = 𝑡𝐶⁄ − 𝑦
𝐵
100 20
∆𝑉𝑐 = −
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
80 4
∆𝑉𝑐 = 𝑞𝑎
𝐸𝐼
V. Cálculo ∆𝐻𝐷
∆𝐻𝐷 = 𝑡𝐷⁄ + 𝜃𝐶 ∆𝑎 + ∆𝐵 𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐷⁄ =
𝐶 𝐶
1 3
(−8𝑞𝑎2 )(4𝑎) 4𝑎
3 4
−32 40𝑞𝑎 3 80 −32
∆𝐻𝐷 = 𝐸𝐼
𝑞𝑎4 − 𝐸𝐼
(4𝑎) − 𝐸𝐼 𝑞𝑎4 𝑡𝐷⁄ = 𝑞𝑎4
𝐶 𝐸𝐼
−656 4
∆𝐻𝐷 = 𝑞𝑎
3𝐸𝐼
80
Respuesta: ∆𝑉𝐷 = 𝑞𝑎4
𝐸𝐼
−656
∆𝐻𝐷 = 𝑞𝑎4
3𝐸𝐼
152
𝜃𝐷 = 𝑞𝑎3
3𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐷 = 0
𝑎
𝑞𝑎 − 𝑅𝐶 (𝑎) + 𝑞𝑎(𝑎) = 0
2
𝑞𝑎2
+ 𝑞𝑎2 = 𝑅𝐶
2
3
𝑅𝐶 = 𝑞𝑎
2
𝐹𝑦 = 0
3
𝑞𝑎 − 𝑞𝑎 + 𝑅𝐸 = 0
2
𝑞𝑎
𝑅𝐸 =
2
𝑀𝐷 = 0
𝑎 3
𝑞𝑎 − 𝑞𝑎(2𝑎) + 𝑀𝐴 + 𝑞𝑎(𝑎) − 2𝑞𝑎2 = 0
2 2
𝑞𝑎2
− 3𝑞𝑎2 + 𝑀𝐴 + 𝑞𝑎2 − 2𝑞𝑎2 = 0
2
𝑞𝑎2
𝑀𝐴 = 3𝑞𝑎2 − 𝑞𝑎2 − + 2𝑞𝑎2
2
7𝑞𝑎2
𝑀𝐴 =
2
∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0
1 2 1 𝑤𝑙2 3 1 2
(𝑅𝐵 𝑙)(𝑙) 𝑙 − 3( )(𝑙) 𝑙 = 𝑀𝐵 𝑀𝐵 = 2 (𝑅𝐵 𝑙)(𝑙)(3 𝑙)
2 3 2 4
𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3 𝑤𝑙 4 𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3
𝑀𝐵 = − … (1) 𝑀𝐵 = − … (2)
3 8 3
∴ 𝑀𝐵 𝑖𝑧𝑞. = 𝑀𝐵 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎
𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3 𝑤𝑙 4 𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3
− =−
3 8 3
2𝑅𝐵 𝑙 3 𝑤𝑙 4
=
3 8
3𝑤𝑙
𝑅𝐵 = … . (3)
16
∑ 𝑀𝐶 = 0
1 −60 × 3 1 60 × 1 1
[( ) ( × 3) + ( ) ( × 1)] + 𝑅𝐴 (3) = 0
𝐸𝐼 2 3 2 3
−90 10
+ = −𝑅𝐴 (3)
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
−80
= −3𝑅𝐴
𝐸𝐼
−80
𝑅𝐴 =
3𝐸𝐼
I. Calculo de flecha en B
ℎ 𝑥
60
=3
20
ℎ= 𝑥
𝐸𝐼
−80𝑥 10𝑥 3 80
𝑀𝑥 = + 𝑉(0) = − 3𝐸𝐼
3𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
−80(1) 10(1)2 80
𝛿𝐵 = 𝑀(1) = + 𝜃𝐴 = − 3𝐸𝐼
3𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
−70
𝛿𝐵 =
3𝐸𝐼
𝑅𝐴 = 𝑞𝑎
22𝑞𝑎4
= 8𝑀𝐴 𝑎2
3
11𝑞𝑎2
𝑀𝐴 =
22
Calculo 𝜃 con X = 3a
1 𝑞(𝑥 − 𝑎)2 11𝑞𝑎2 1 𝑞𝑎𝑥
𝑉= [ ] (𝑥 − 𝑎) + ( )𝑋 − 𝑋
3 2𝐸𝐼 12𝐸𝐼 2 𝐸𝐼
−5𝑞𝑎3
𝜃𝑋=3𝑎 =
12
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0
1 960 3 1 240 3
(8) ∗8 −3 (4) 4 + ∗ 4 = 𝑀𝐴
3 𝐸𝐼 4 𝐸𝐼 4
15360 2240
− = 𝑀𝐴
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
13120
𝑀𝐴 = 𝐸𝐼
+ ↓ ∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0
1 960 1 240
𝑅𝐴= 3 (8) − (4)
𝐸𝐼 3 𝐸𝐼
2560 320
𝑅𝐴= −
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
2240
𝑅𝐴= 𝐸𝐼
∑ 𝑀𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑜 = 0
1 6𝑅𝐴 2 1 36 3 1 24 2
(6) ∗6 −3 (6) ∗6 −2 (4) 2 + ∗ 4 = 0
2 𝐸𝐼 3 𝐸𝐼 4 𝐸𝐼 3
72 𝑅𝐴 324 224
− − =0
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
137
𝑅𝐴 = 𝑡𝑛
18
Viga original
∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0
137
𝑀𝐴 = (12 ∗ 3) + (6 ∗ 4) − (6)
18
43
𝑀𝐵 = 𝑡𝑛. 𝑚
3
Cálculo de R
+ ↑ ∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0
1 1 1
−𝑅𝐴 + 2 (6𝑅𝐴 ∗ 6) − 3 (36 ∗ 6) − 2 (24 ∗ 4) = 0
−𝑅𝐴 + 17 = 0
17 17
𝑅𝐴 = = 𝜃∆ =
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
ℎ 𝑥
= 𝐿
𝑤 ( )
2
EIϴAB=0 ℎ=
2𝑤𝑥
𝐿
1 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 1 𝑊𝐿2 𝐿
* EIϴA − B = 2 [ 𝑅𝐴 ] − 2 [(𝑀𝐴) ] − 2 [4 ]
2 2 2 2 24 2
𝐿 −𝑤𝐿3
𝑀( ) =
2 8𝑥3𝐿
𝐿 −𝑤𝐿2
𝑀( ) =
2 24
𝑊𝐿 𝑊𝐿 𝑊𝐿 𝐿 𝑊𝐿2
𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐵 = + 𝑀𝐴 = ( )(4) −
4 4 4 96
𝑊𝐿 5𝑊𝐿2
2𝑅𝐴 = 𝑀𝐴 =
2 96
𝑊𝐿
𝑅𝐴 = … … … … (2)
4
𝑅𝐴𝐿3 𝑀𝐴𝐿2
−EI △=
1
− 0 = 2 (𝑅𝐴𝐿)(𝐿) − (𝑀𝐴)(𝐿)
6 2
1𝑀𝐴𝐿2
−EI △= − 𝑅𝐴𝐿 = 2𝑀𝐴
6
2𝑀𝐴
𝑅𝐴 =
𝐿
6EI △
MA = −
𝐿2
∑⤹ +𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝑀𝐴 = 5𝑥2.5
𝑀𝐴 = 12.5 𝐾𝑁. 𝑀
→ ∑𝐹𝑋 = 0 ↑ ∑𝐹𝑌 = 0
𝑅𝐻𝐴 = 5𝐾𝑁 𝑅𝑉𝐴 = 0
𝑀𝑋 = 5𝑋 − 12.5 0 = 5𝑋 − 12.5
𝑀(0) = −12.5 5𝑋 = 12.5
𝑀(5) = 12.5 𝑋 = 2.5
𝑀(2.5) = 0
1 1
2EIϴAB = (2.5)(12.5) − (2.5)(12.5)
2 2
ϴAB = 0
ϴA = 0 ϴB = 0
∆H
1 2.5 1 2
B ∆H C tC/B 2𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = (2.5𝑥12.5) ( ) − (2.5𝑥12.5)(2.5 + 𝑥2.5)
2 3 2 3
625 3125 625
2𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = − 𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = −
48 48 24𝐸𝐼
D
∆B θCL tD/C
MÉTODO DE 3 MOMENTOS
1. Trazar DFC Y DMF
2𝑇𝑛
𝑀𝐴 = (1𝑇𝑛)(2𝑚) + ( ) (2𝑚)(1𝑚) = 6𝑇𝑛. 𝑚
𝑚
5 Tn 3 Tn 4 Tn
A B C D
3m 3m 2m 3m 5m
Tramo ABC
𝑴𝑨 (𝑳𝑨𝑩 ) + 𝟐𝑴𝑩 (𝑳𝑨𝑩 + 𝑳𝑩𝑪 ) + 𝑴𝑪 (𝑳𝑩𝑪 ) = −𝟔(∝𝑨𝑩 ) − 𝟔(∝𝑩𝑪 )
𝑷𝑳𝟐 𝒘𝒔𝟐 𝑷𝒂𝒃
(−𝟔)(𝟔) + 𝟐𝑴𝑩 (𝟔 + 𝟓) + 𝑴𝑪 (𝟓) = −𝟔 ( + (𝟐𝑳 − 𝒔)𝟐 ) − 𝟔 ( ) (𝒃 + 𝑳)
𝟏𝟔 𝟐𝟒𝑳 𝟔𝑳
𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟑
𝟐𝟐𝑴𝑩 + 𝟓𝑴𝑪 = − … … … (𝟏)
𝟐𝟎
Tramo BCD
𝑷𝒂𝒃 𝒘𝑳𝟑
𝟓𝑴𝑩 + 𝟐𝑴𝑪 (𝟓 + 𝟓) + 𝟓𝑴𝑫 = −𝟔 ( ) (𝒃 + 𝑳) − 𝟔 ( )
𝟔𝑳 𝟐𝟒
(𝟒)(𝟐)(𝟑) 𝟐(𝟓)𝟑
𝟓𝑴𝑩 + 𝟐𝟎𝑴𝑪 = −𝟔 ( ) (𝟐 + 𝟓) − 𝟔 ( )
𝟔(𝟓) 𝟐𝟒
−𝟗𝟔𝟏
𝟓𝑴𝑩 + 𝟐𝟎𝑴𝑪 = − … … . . (𝟐)
𝟏𝟎
2 Tn/m
6 Tn.m ∑M1=0
2 Ra = (2 x 2 x 1)+6
2m Ra = 5 Tn
Ra= 5Tn
3 Tn
6RBA = (3x3) + (6x4.5) – 6 + 3.84
2 Tn/m
RBA = 5.64 Tn
6 Tn/m 3.84 Tn/m
↑ ∑Fy = 0
RD= 4.23T
1- TRAMO A*- A : [0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2]
V= 1- 2x Mx= -𝑥 2 − 𝑥
V(0)= -1 M(0) = 0
V(2)= -5 M(0) = -6
2.- TRAMO A* - A – B: 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 5
3.- TRAMO A* - A – B: 5 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 8
D-C: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 5 V= 2x – 4.23
Mx= 4.23 -𝑥 2
V= 2x – 4.23
X= 2.45 ( MOMENTO MÁXIMO)
V= -4.23 + 10 – 7.37
V= -1.6
V=2.4
MX= 4.23X - 10(X-2.5) +7.37(X - 5) - 4(X - 8)
VIGA REAL:
4T 3T 3T
A B C D
1.5m 1.5m 1m 1m 1m 4m
4T 3T 3T
A’
A B ∆ C D E
L = 0m 1.5m 1.5m 1m 1m 1m 4m L = 0m
Tramo A’AB
MB = 0 (Debido a que la rotula no genera momento)
0 0 3 3 6(0) 4 x 32 6 x E x 0 (6)(E)(−∆)
MA′ ( ) + 2MA [ + ] + MB [ ] = − − 6[ ]+ +
I∞ 80 I1 I1 I∞ 16 x I1 0 3
6MA 27
=− − 2E∆
I1 2I1
27 27
6MA = − − 2EI1 ∆ − − − −→ 6MA = − − [(2)(2x106 )(6x10−6 )(∆)]
2 2
6MA = 6MA + 24∆
6MA + 24∆= −13,5 … … … . (1)
Tramo BCD
Tramo CDE
4 4 0 0
MC ( ) + MB ( + ) + ME ( ) = −6(0) − 6(0)
I3 I3 ∞ ∞
4MC 8MD
+ =0
I3 I3
4MC + 8MD = 0 … … … . (3)
De 1, 2, 3 tenemos:
𝑊𝐿
𝑅𝐴 = 𝑊𝐿
4 𝑅𝐶 =
4
𝑊𝐿
𝑅𝐶 =
4
∑=MA=0
𝑊𝐿 𝐿 𝑊𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
𝑅𝐶 𝐿 = ( )+ ( + )
4 6 4 2 3
𝑊𝐿2 5𝑊𝐿2
𝑅𝐶 = +
24 24
6𝑊𝐿2
𝑅𝐶 𝐿 =
24
𝑊𝐿
𝑅𝐶 =
4
𝑞𝑊𝐿4
𝐹𝐵 =
1920𝐸𝐼
𝑊1 𝑊𝑋
=
𝑋 𝐿
2
𝑊𝑋 2𝑊𝑋
𝑊1 = 𝐿 =>𝑊1 = 𝐿
2
𝐿
𝑊2 𝑊 ( −𝑋)𝑊
𝐿 = 𝐿 𝑊2 = 2
𝐿
−𝑋
2 2 2
𝐿
2𝑊(2 − 𝑋)
𝑊2 =
𝐿
1 (2𝑊𝑋)𝑋 𝑊𝑋 2
=
2 𝐿 𝐿
1 𝑋
𝑊𝐿 𝑊𝑋 2 2𝑋 2𝑊 2 − 𝑋 ( 2 )
𝑀𝑋 = 𝑋− ( )−
4 𝐿 3 𝐿
1
𝑊𝐿 2𝑊𝑋 3 𝑊𝑋 2 − 𝑋
𝑀𝑋 = 𝑋− −
4 𝐿 𝐿
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
𝐿 𝑊𝐿(2) 2𝑊 𝐿 𝑊(2) 2 − 2
𝑀( ) = − ( )3 −
2 4 3𝐿 2 𝐿
𝐿 𝑊𝐿2 𝑊𝐿2
𝑀( ) = −
2 8 12
𝐿 6𝑊𝐿
𝑀( ) =
2 24
𝑊𝐿2
24
𝐸𝐼 𝑡 𝐶 ⁄𝐴 = ( 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷𝑀𝐹) 𝐶 ⁄𝐴 𝑋𝐶
1 𝑊𝐿 𝐿 1 𝐿
= ( )( )( )
4 24 2 5 2
𝑊𝐿3
𝑡 𝐶 ⁄𝐴 =
1920𝐸𝐼
DEFORMADA:
𝜃𝐴
𝛿𝐶
1 𝑊𝐿2 𝐿 4 𝐿 1 𝑊𝐿2 𝐿 𝐿 1 𝐿
= ( )( )( . ) + ( ) ( )( + )
4 24 2 6 2 4 24 2 2 52
𝐸𝐼 𝑡𝐵 𝑤𝑙4 𝑤𝑙4
⁄𝐴 = +
480 320
4
𝑊𝐿
𝑡 𝐵⁄𝐴 =
192
𝑡𝐵⁄ 4
𝜃𝐴 = 𝐴 => 𝑊𝐿
𝐿 192𝐿
𝑊𝐿3
𝜃𝐴 =
192𝐸𝐼
𝛿𝐶 + 𝑡𝐶⁄𝐴
𝜃𝐴 =
𝐿
2
(𝛿𝐶 + 𝑡𝐶⁄𝐴 )2
𝜃𝐴 =
𝐿
𝜃𝐴 𝐿
− 𝑡𝐶⁄𝐴 = 𝛿𝐶
2
𝑊𝐿3 𝐿 𝑊𝐿4
( )− = 𝛿𝐶
192𝐸𝐼 2 1920𝐸𝐼
𝑊𝐿4 𝑊𝐿4
𝛿𝐶 = −
384𝐸𝐼 1920𝐸𝐼
𝑊𝐿4
𝛿𝐶 =
480𝐸𝐼
2𝐸𝐼 3∆
𝑀𝑖𝑗 = 𝑀𝑖𝑗 + (2𝜃𝑖 + 𝜃𝑗 − )
𝑙 𝑙
2𝐸𝐼 3∆
𝑀𝑗𝑖 = 𝑀𝑖𝑗 + (2𝜃𝑗 + 𝜃𝑖 − )
𝑙 𝑙
RESOLVER:
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀12 = (𝜃2 )
𝐿
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀21 = (2𝜃2 )
𝐿
−𝑃𝐿 2𝐸𝐼
𝑀23 = + (2𝜃2 + 𝜃3 )
8 𝐿
𝑃𝐿 2𝐸𝐼
𝑀32 = + (2𝜃3 + 𝜃2 )
8 𝐿
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀34 = (2𝜃3 )
𝐿
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀43 = (𝜃3 )
𝐿
𝑀21 + 𝑀23 = 0
𝑀32 + 𝑀34 = 0
8𝐸𝐼𝜃2 2𝐸𝐼𝜃3 𝑃𝐿
+ =
𝐿 𝐿 8
2𝐸𝐼𝜃2 8𝐸𝐼𝜃3 −𝑃𝐿
+ =
𝐿 𝐿 8
𝑃𝐿
8 2 𝜃2
[ ][ ] = [ 8 ]
2 8 𝜃3 −𝑃𝐿
8
𝑃𝐿2
𝜃2 =
48𝐸𝐼
𝑃𝐿2
𝜃3 = −
48𝐸𝐼
M12 MBC
PL 𝑃𝐿
M12 = 24
𝑀12 = 24
PL −𝑃𝐿
M21 = 12
𝑀21 = 12
−PL −𝑃𝐿
M23 = 12
𝑀23 = 12
PL −𝑃𝐿
M32 = 12
𝑀32 = 12
−PL −𝑃𝐿
M34 = 12
𝑀34 = 12
−PL 𝑃𝐿
M43 = 24
𝑀43 = 24
𝑃
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑥
2
𝐿 𝑃 𝐿 𝑃𝐿
𝑀 2
= 2 2
− 12
𝐿
𝑀 =
2
𝑃𝐿
6
𝑃 𝐿 𝑃𝐿
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑃 (𝑥 − ) −
2 2 12
L 𝑃 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝑃𝐿
𝑀( ) = ( )−𝑃( − )−
2 2 2 2 2 12
𝐿 𝑃𝐿 𝑃𝐿
𝑀( ) = −0−
2 4 12
𝐿 𝑃𝐿
𝑀( ) =
8 6
𝑃
𝑉12 = − 8
𝑃
𝑉23 = 2
𝑃 𝑃
𝑉23 = 2 − 𝑃 = − 2
𝑃
𝑉34 = 8
DMF:
SOLUCIÓN:
30 𝑥 (7)2
= 122.5
12
14 1734 562
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −122.5 + (2𝜃𝐴 + 𝜃𝐵 ) → 𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −122.5 + 2 2 − =0
7 49 59
−562 1734
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 122.5 + 2(2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐴 ) → 𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 122.5 + 2 2 − = 155.17 𝐾𝑛. 𝑚
59 49
−562 19
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −122.5 + 2(2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶 ) → 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −122.5 + 2 2 − = −155.17 𝐾𝑛. 𝑚
59 7
19 562
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 122.5 + 2(2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐵 ) → 𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 122.5 + 2 2 − = 114.31 𝐾𝑛. 𝑚
7 59
ECUACIONES:
1. 𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0
122.5 + 4𝜃𝐵 + 2𝜃𝐴 − 122.5 + 4𝜃𝐵 + 2𝜃𝐶 = 0
2𝜃𝐴 + 8𝜃𝐵 + 2𝜃𝐶 = 0 … … … . (1)
2. 𝑀𝐶𝐵 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0
3600
122.5 + 4𝜃𝐶 + 2𝜃𝐵 − + 4𝜃𝐶 + 2𝜃𝐷 = 0
49
4805
2𝜃𝐵 + 8𝜃𝐶 + 2𝜃𝐷 = − … … … . (2)
98
3. 𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 0
4. 𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 0
4800
4𝜃𝐷 + 2𝜃𝐶 = − … … … . (4)
49
[k] [∆] [F]
0
2 8 2 0 𝜃𝐴 −4805
𝜃
(0 2 8 2) ( 𝐵) = 98 [𝐾][∆] = −[𝐹] 𝑜 ∆= [−𝐹][𝐾]−1
4 2 0 0 𝜃𝐶 122.5
0 0 2 4 𝜃𝐷 −4800
( 49 )
1734
𝜃𝐴 = 49
−562
𝜃𝐴 =
59 Esto se reemplaza en cada una
de las ecuaciones de cada
19
𝜃𝐴 = momento respectivamente.
7
−2533
𝜃𝐴 =
49
Barra A-B:
Barra B-C:
Barra C-D:
DFC:
DMF:
DEFORMACIÓN:
𝑃𝐿 200 𝑥 3
8
= 8
= 75
3∆ 3 𝑥 0.006𝑚
[ ]= = 0.006
𝐿 3𝑚
2𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼 2𝑥84.378 −56.25
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −75 + [2𝜃𝐴 + 𝜃𝐵 − 0.006] = −75 + [ + − 0.006] = 0
3 3 𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
2𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼 −2𝑥56.25 84.378
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 75 + [2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐴 − 0.006] = 75 + [ + − 0.006] = 56.248
3 3 𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
2𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼 −2𝑥56.25 28.122
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = [2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶 + 0.006] = [ + + 0.006] = −56.248
3 3 𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
2𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼 2𝑥28.122 56.25
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = [2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐵 + 0.006] = [ − + 0.006] = 0
3 3 𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
ECUACIONES:
𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐴 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 2𝐸𝐼0.006 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶 2𝐸𝐼0.006
+ − + 75 + + + =0
3 3 3 3 3 3
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐴 8𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶
+ + = −75 … (1)
3 3 3
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 0
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐴 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵
+ = 75.004 … (2)
3 3
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 0
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶
+ = −0.004 … (3)
3 3
2 8 2 84.378
𝜃𝐴 =
3 3 3 𝜃𝐴 𝐸𝐼
4 2 −75 −56.25
0 [𝜃𝐵 ] = [ 75.004 ] 𝜃𝐵 =
3 3 𝜃𝐶 −0.004 𝐸𝐼
2 4 28.122
[0 3 3]
𝜃𝐶 =
𝐸𝐼
4.- Calcular los asentamientos de la viga si los asentamientos en los apoyos son:
6 4
1𝑚4 6 4
𝐼 = 800 ∗ 10 𝑚𝑚 = 800 ∗ 10 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 6 4
∗ 8 ∗ 10−4 𝑚4
10 𝑚𝑚
200 KN 𝑃𝐿
𝑀=
8
300 ∗ 6
𝑀1 =
8
C D
A B 𝑀1 = 225
200 ∗ 6
𝑀2 =
8
3m 𝑀2 = 150
B
C C D
6 000 mm B
A
32 28mm
62 70
70mm
m
m
3∆ 3 ∗ (0.03𝑚)
+ = 3∆ 3 ∗ (0.008𝑚) 3∆ −3 ∗ (0.042𝑚)
𝐿 6𝑚 + = + =
𝐿 6𝑚 𝐿 6𝑚
3∆
+ = +0.015 3∆ 3∆
𝐿 + 𝐿
= +0.004 + = −0.021
𝐿
2∗(168 000)
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −225 + ∗ [2𝜃𝐴 + 𝜃𝐵 − 0.015]
6
Ecuaciones:
1. 𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 0
112 000 𝜃𝐴 + 56 000 𝜃𝐵 = 1065 … … … … … (1)
2. 𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0
112 000 𝜃𝐵 + 56 000 𝜃𝐴 − 615 + 112 000 𝜃𝐵 + 56 000 𝜃𝐶 − 374 = 0
56 000 𝜃𝐴 + 224 000 𝜃𝐵 + 56 000 𝜃𝐶 = 989 … … … … (2)
3. 𝑀𝐶𝐵 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0
150 + 56 000 ∗ [2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐵 − 0.004] + (−225) + 56 000 ∗ [2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐷 + 0.021] =
0
−74 + 112 000 𝜃𝐶 + 56 000 𝜃𝐵 + 951 + 112 000 𝜃𝐶 + 56 000 𝜃𝐷 = 0
56 000 𝜃𝐵 + 224 000 𝜃𝐶 + 56 000 𝜃𝐷 = −877 … … … … (3)
4. 𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 0
225 + 56 000 ∗ [2𝜃𝐷 + 𝜃𝐶 + 0.021]
225 + 112 000 𝜃𝐷 + 56 000 𝜃𝐶 + 1176 = 0
112 000 𝜃𝐷 + 56 000 𝜃𝐶 = −1401
A B C
30 m 20 m
−𝑊𝐿2 −(3.6)(30)2
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = = = −162
20 20
𝑊𝐿2 (3.6)(30)2
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = = = −108
30 30
−𝑊𝐿2 −(1.2)(20)2
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = = = −40
12 12
𝑊𝐿2 (1.2)(20)2
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = = = 40
12 12
Encontramos las ecuaciones:
𝐸𝐼 2946
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −162 + (𝜃𝐵 ) = −
15 17
𝐸𝐼 1452
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 108 + (2𝜃𝐵 ) =
15 17
𝐸𝐼 −1452
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −40 + (2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶 ) =
10 17
𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 40 + (2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐵 ) = 0
10
Ecuaciones :
1. −𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
108 + (2𝜃𝐵 ) − 40 + (2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶 ) = 0
15 10
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 𝐸𝐼𝜃𝑐
+ = −68 … … … … … … (1)
3 10
2. − 𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 0
𝐸𝐼
(2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐵 ) = −40 … … … . (2)
10
Resolviendo (1) y (2):
1 1
𝜃 −68
[ 3 10] [ 𝐵 ] = [ ]
1 1 𝜃𝑐 −40
10 5
De la cual resolviendo de obtiene:
−2880
𝜃𝐵 =
17
−1960
𝜃𝑐 =
17
Y calculamos el DFC:
3309
3309
85
85
1383
85
1281
85
DMF:
2946
17
1452
17
657
85
3 Tn/m
2 3
2 Tn/m
4m
2 Tn
4
1
5m
De los momentos:
𝑊𝐿2 2𝑥42 8
= =
12 12 3
𝑊𝐿2 2𝑥52 25
= =
12 12 4
𝑃𝐿 2𝑥4
= =1
8 8
8 2𝐸𝐼 3∆
𝑀12 = − + (2𝜃1 + 𝜃2 − ) = 0
3 4 4
8 2𝐸𝐼 3∆ −89
𝑀21 = + (2𝜃2 + 𝜃1 − ) =
3 4 4 92
25 2𝐸𝐼 89
𝑀23 = − + (2𝜃2 + 𝜃3 ) =
4 5 92
25 2𝐸𝐼 1015
𝑀32 = + (2𝜃3 + 𝜃2 ) =
4 5 92
2𝐸𝐼 3∆ 1015
𝑀34 = −1 + (2𝜃3 + 𝜃4 − ) = −
4 4 92
2𝐸𝐼 3∆
𝑀43 = 1+ (2𝜃4 + 𝜃3 − ) = 0
4 4
Ecuaciones de equilibrio:
1) 𝑀12 = 0
8 2𝐸𝐼 3∆
− + (2𝜃1 + 𝜃2 − ) = 0
3 4 4
2𝐸𝐼𝜃2 6𝐸𝐼∆ 8
𝐸𝐼𝜃1 + − = … … … … … . (1)
4 16 3
2) 𝑀21 + 𝑀23 = 0
8 2𝐸𝐼 3∆ 25 2𝐸𝐼
+ (2𝜃2 + 𝜃1 − ) − − + (2𝜃2 + 𝜃3 ) = 0
3 4 4 4 5
2𝐸𝐼𝜃1 9𝐸𝐼𝜃2 2𝐸𝐼𝜃3 6𝐸𝐼∆ 43
+ + − = … … … … … . (2)
4 5 5 16 12
3) 𝑀32 + 𝑀34 = 0
25 2𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼 3∆
+ (2𝜃3 + 𝜃2 ) − 1 + (2𝜃3 + 𝜃4 − ) = 0
4 5 4 4
2𝐸𝐼𝜃1 9𝐸𝐼𝜃2 2𝐸𝐼𝜃4 6𝐸𝐼∆ 21
+ + − = − … … … … … . (3)
5 5 4 16 4
4) 𝑀43 = 0
2𝐸𝐼 3∆
1+ (2𝜃4 + 𝜃3 − ) = 0
4 4
2𝐸𝐼𝜃3 6𝐸𝐼∆
+ 𝐸𝐼𝜃4 − = −1
4 16
5) 𝐻1 + 𝐻2 = 6
1 1
− (𝑀12 + 𝑀21 ) − (𝑀34 + 𝑀43 ) = 3
𝐿 𝐿
1 1
− (𝑀12 + 𝑀21 ) − (𝑀34 + 𝑀43 ) = 3
4 4
1
− (𝑀12 + 𝑀21 ) + (𝑀34 + 𝑀43 ) = 3
4
Se calcula lo siguiente:
1561
𝑉= − 2𝑋
368
1561 −1383
𝑉(0) = 𝑉(4) =
368 368
𝑆𝑖 𝑉 = 0
1561
0= − 2𝑋
368
1561
𝑋=
736
1561
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑋 − 𝑋2
368
1561 89
𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀( ) = 4.498 𝑀(4) =
736 92
51
𝑉= − 3𝑋
10
51 99
𝑉(0) = 𝑉(5) = −
10 10
𝑆𝑖 𝑉 = 0
51
0= − 3𝑋
10
𝑋 = 1.7 𝐷𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑒𝑠 0 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑜
51 3𝑋 2 89
𝑉= 𝑋− +
10 2 92
89
𝑀(0) = 𝑀(1.7) = 5.30
92
647
𝑉= +2
368
647 1383
𝑉(0) = 𝑉=
368 368
647
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑋 + 2(𝑋 − 2)
368
−647 1015
𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(2) = 𝑀(4) =
169 92
De los datos obtenidos se dibujan los siguientes diagramas:
DFC
51/10
1383/368
-1383/368
-99/100
1561/368 647/368
DMF
-1015/92
89/92 -1015/92
89/92
4.498
-647/164
DEFORMADA
P C F
B
2L
E
2P
D L
A
Condiciones de equilibrio:
1. ) 𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐵𝐸 = 0
2. ) 𝑀𝐶𝐵 + 𝑀𝐶𝐹 = 0
3. ) 𝑀𝐹𝐶 + 𝑀𝐹𝐸 = 0
4. ) 𝑀𝐸𝐵 + 𝑀𝐸𝐷 + 𝑀𝐸𝐹 = 0
−1
5. )𝑉𝐶𝐵 + 𝑉𝐹𝐸 = 𝑃 → [(𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵 ) + (𝑀𝐹𝐸 + 𝑀𝐸𝐹 )] = 𝑃
𝐿
−1
6. ) 𝑉𝐵𝐴 + 𝑉𝐸𝐷 = 3𝑃 → [(𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 ) + (𝑀𝐷𝐸 + 𝑀𝐸𝐷 )] = 3𝑃
𝐿
Resolvemos las ecuaciones:
1. ) 𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐵𝐸 = 0
2𝐸𝐼 3∆1 2𝐸𝐼 3∆2 2𝐸𝐼
(2𝜃𝐵 − )+ (2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶 − )+ (2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐸 ) = 0
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 6𝐸𝐼∆1 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶 6𝐸𝐼∆2 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐸
− + + − + + =0
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
12𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐸 6𝐸𝐼∆1 6𝐸𝐼∆2
+ + − − = 0 … … … … … … . . (1)
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
2. ) 𝑀𝐶𝐵 + 𝑀𝐶𝐹 = 0
2𝐸𝐼 3∆2 2𝐸𝐼 18𝑃𝐿
(2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐵 − ) + 𝑀𝐶𝐹 = (2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐹 ) → 𝑀𝐶𝐹 = =0
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 55
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 6𝐸𝐼∆2 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐹
+ − + + =0
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 8𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐹 6𝐸𝐼∆2
+ + − = 0 … … … … … … . (2)
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
3. ) 𝑀𝐹𝐶 + 𝑀𝐹𝐸 = 0
2𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼 3∆2
(2𝜃𝐹 + 𝜃𝐶 ) + (2𝜃𝐹 + 𝜃𝐸 − )=0
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐹 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐹 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐸 6𝐸𝐼∆2
+ + + − =0
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐸 8𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐹 6𝐸𝐼∆2
+ + − = 0 … … … … … … . (3)
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
4. ) 𝑀𝐸𝐵 + 𝑀𝐸𝐷 + 𝑀𝐸𝐹 = 0
−1
[(𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵 ) + (𝑀𝐸𝐹 + 𝑀𝐹𝐸 )] = 𝑃
𝐿
−1 4𝜃𝐵 2𝜃𝑐 6∆2 4𝜃𝑐 2𝜃𝐵 6∆2 4𝜃𝐸 2𝜃𝐹 6∆2 4𝜃𝐹 2𝜃𝐸
𝐸𝐼[( + − 2 + + − 2 )+( + − 2 + +
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
6∆2
− 2 )=𝑃
𝐿
−1 6𝜃𝐵 6𝜃𝑐 6𝜃𝐸 6𝜃𝐹 24∆2
𝐸𝐼[ + + + − 2 ]=𝑃
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
−6𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 6𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶 6𝜃𝐸 6𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐹 24𝐸𝐼∆2
− − 2 − + = 𝑃 … … … … … … (5)
𝐿2 𝐿2 𝐿 𝐿2 𝐿2
−1
[(𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 ) + (𝑀𝐷𝐸 + 𝑀𝐸𝐷 )] = 3𝑃
𝐿
𝐵 𝐶 𝐸 𝐹 ∆1 ∆2 𝜃
𝐵 0
12 2 2 0 −6 −6 𝜃
𝐶 0
2 8 0 2 0 −6 𝜃
0
EI 2 0 12 2 −6 −6 𝐸 =
𝜃𝐹 0
0 2 2 8 0 −6
∆1 3𝑃
−6 −0 −6 0 24 0 [
[−6 −6 −6 [ ∆ ] 𝑃]
6 6 24 ] 2
29 𝑃𝐿2
𝜃𝐵 = 220 𝐸𝐼 21 𝑃𝐿3
∆1 =
100 𝐸𝐼
3 𝑃𝐿2
𝜃𝐶 = 89 𝑃𝐿3
55 𝐸𝐼 ∆2 =
660 𝐸𝐼
29 𝑃𝐿2
𝜃𝐸 =
220 𝐸𝐼
29 𝑃𝐿2
𝜃𝐹 =
220 𝐸𝐼
18𝑃𝐿 18𝑃𝐿
55 55
C F
36𝑃 36𝑃
18𝑃𝐿 55 55 18𝑃𝐿
55 𝑃 55
𝑃
2 2
𝑃 𝑃
19𝑃𝐿 2 2 19𝑃𝐿
87𝑃 87𝑃 87𝑃
110 110
55 55 55
B 87𝑃𝐿 E34𝑃𝐿
34𝑃𝐿
55 3𝑃 110 3𝑃 55
2 2
3𝑃 3𝑃
2 2 97𝑃𝐿
97𝑃𝐿
110 110
3𝑃 3𝑃
𝑅𝐴 = 𝑅𝐷 =
2 2
97𝑃𝐿 97𝑃𝐿
A 𝑀𝐴 = D 𝑀
123𝑃 𝐷 =
110 𝑅𝐷 = 110
55
123𝑃 123𝑃
𝑅𝐴 = 𝑅𝐷 =
55 55
18𝑃𝐿
18𝑃𝐿 55
DMF 55 - −
18𝑃𝐿
18𝑃𝐿 + - 55
55 87𝑃𝐿
110
34𝑃𝐿
19𝑃𝐿 34𝑃𝐿
−
55 -19𝑃𝐿 −
55 - + 55
110 -
+
87𝑃𝐿
110
97𝑃𝐿 97𝑃𝐿
− +
110 - 110
DFC: DEFORMADA:
-
𝑃 36𝑃𝐿 𝑃
−
2 + 55 + 2
∆1 ∆1
3𝑃 -
2 + +
87𝑃𝐿
−
55
3Tn/m
2 3 Incógnitas:
1
𝜃2 , 𝜃3
Momento carga distribuida
−𝑊𝐿2 −3(2)2
𝑀12 = =
12 12
3m
𝑀12 = −1𝑚. 𝑚
𝑊𝐿2 3(2)2
𝑀21 = =
12 12
4 𝑀21 = 1𝑚. 𝑚
2m 3m
2𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼 −2 × 3 −4 −4
𝑀24 = [2𝜃2 ] → [ ] 𝑀24 = → 𝑀24 =
3 3𝐸𝐼 13 13 13
2𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼 3 −2 2
𝑀42 = [𝜃2 ] → [− ] 𝑀42 = → 𝑀42 =
3 3𝐸𝐼 13 13 13
14 2 −3 Esto se reemplaza en
𝜃2 =
𝐸𝐼 [ 3 3] [𝜃2 ] = [−1] → 13𝐸𝐼 ecuaciones de momentos
2 4 𝜃3 0 3
𝜃3 =
3 3 26𝐸𝐼
16 7 3
3Tn/m
13 13 13
2 1 2 3 Barra 1-2
𝑅1 =
13 16 7
87 13 69 1 1 1
𝑅1 = 87 69 13
26 26 13 13 13 3Tn/m
26 26 4 1
𝑅3 = 1 2
2 13 13
13
87 69
2 𝑅↑ = 𝑅2 =
26 26
13 2
13
4 2
𝑅4 =
2 13
𝑀4 =
13
71
𝑅4 =
26
4
87
87 𝑉(0) =
𝑉= − 3𝑥 { 26
26 −69
𝑉(2) =
26
87𝑥
0= − 3𝑥
26
29
𝑥= → 𝑀𝑂𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇𝑂 𝑀Á𝑋𝐼𝑀𝑂
26
87𝑥 3𝑥 2 16
𝑀𝑥 = − −
26 2 13
−16
𝑀(0) =
13
𝑀 29 = 𝑂. 635
62
−7
𝑀(2) =
13
DFC:
87
26
1⁄
13
+ +
-
−69⁄
26
+
2⁄
13
DMF:
16
−
13
DEFORMADA:
5T
𝐼 = 20 2 𝐼 = 30 3
2Tm
1
2.2m 4.6m
2𝐸(30)
𝑀23 = [2𝜃2 ] → 𝑀23 = −13 𝑡𝑛. 𝑚 = −13 𝑡𝑛. 𝑚 𝑀23 = [2 + 5 × 2.20]
4.60
2𝐸(30)
𝑀32 = [𝜃2 ] → 𝑀32 = −6.3 𝑡𝑛. 𝑚 = +6.3 𝑡𝑛. 𝑚 𝑀23 = 13 𝑡𝑛. 𝑚
4.60
Ecuaciones:
𝑀21 + 𝑀23 = 0
600𝐸(𝜃2 ) −13 × 23 299
13 + =0 𝜃2 = ⟹ 𝜃2 = −
23 600𝐸 600𝐸
13 13 6.5
5 5 4.24 4.24
9.24
DFC:
4.24
+
−𝑀𝑥 = 4.24𝑥 − 13
- 𝑀0 = −13
𝑀(4.60) = 6.5
−5
0 = 4.24𝑋 − 13
𝑋 = 3.07
DMF:
4.24
- -
+
4.24
DEFORMADA:
0.6T/m
2 3
BARRA 1-2:
9
30T
2
24
21 𝑀𝑎 3𝑏
𝑀12 = ( − 1)
𝐿 𝐿
4
60 ∗ 9 3 ∗ 21
𝑀12 = ( − 1)
30 30
1
28
𝑀𝑏 3𝑎
𝑀21 = ( − 1)
𝐿 𝐿
60 ∗ 21 3 ∗ 9
𝑀21 = ( − 1)
30 30
𝑀21 = −4.2
0.6T/m
BARRA 2-3:
−𝑤𝐿2 −(0.6)(28)2
𝑀23 = 60Tm = =-39.2 Tm
12 12
𝑤𝐿2 (0.6)(28)2
𝑀32 = = =39.2 Tm
12 12
2𝐸(1.5) 3∆ 𝐸 ∆
𝑀12 = 19.8 + [𝜃2 − ] ⇒ 19.8 + [𝜃2 − ] ⇒ 𝑀12 = 11.201
30 30 10 10
2𝐸(1.5) 3∆ 𝐸 ∆
𝑀21 = −4.2 + [2𝜃2 − ] ⇒ −4.2 + [2𝜃2 − ] ⇒ 𝑀21 = 16.964
30 30 10 10
2𝐸(0.7) 𝐸
𝑀23 = −39.2 + [2𝜃2 + 𝜃3 ] ⇒ −39.2 + [2𝜃2 + 𝜃3 ] ⇒ 𝑀23 = −16.964
28 20
2𝐸(0.7) 𝐸
𝑀32 = 39.2 + [2𝜃3 + 𝜃2 ] ⇒ 39.2 + [2𝜃3 + 𝜃2 ] ⇒ 𝑀32 = 39.029
28 20
2𝐸(0.6) 3∆ 𝐸 ∆
𝑀34 = [2𝜃3 − ] ⇒ [2𝜃3 − ] ⇒ 𝑀34 = −39.029
24 24 20 8
2𝐸(0.6) 3∆ 𝐸 ∆
𝑀43 = [𝜃3 − ] ⇒ [𝜃3 − ] ⇒ 𝑀43 = −31.503
24 24 20 8
a) 𝑀12 + 𝑀23 = 0
𝐸𝜃2 𝐸∆ 𝐸𝐼𝜃2 𝐸𝜃3
−4.2 + − − 39.2 + + =0
5 100 10 20
3𝐸𝜃2 𝐸𝜃3 𝐸∆
+ − = 43.4 … … (1)
10 20 100
b) 𝑀32 + 𝑀34 = 0
𝐸𝜃3 𝐸𝜃2 𝐸𝜃3 𝐸∆
39.2 + + + − =0
10 20 10 160
𝑬𝜽𝟐 𝐸𝜃3 𝐸∆
+ − = −39.2 … … (2)
𝟐𝟎 5 160
1 1
− [𝑀12 + 𝑀21 ] − [𝑀34 + 𝑀43 ] = 2 𝑅 = 2𝑇
30 24 2𝑇
3⁄ 1⁄ −1⁄ 𝜃2 = 40775⁄137𝐸
10 20 100 𝜃2 43.4
𝐸 1⁄20 1⁄
5
−1⁄
160 [ 𝜃 3 ] = [ −39.2 ] ⟹ 𝜃3 = −20622⁄137𝐸
∆ 63⁄
−1 −1⁄ 19⁄ 23 25 ∆23 = 525560⁄137𝐸
[ ⁄100 160 16000]
19.694
+
19.694 0.6𝑇 -
39.029
−9.091
2.939 2.939
2.939 −2.939
60 𝑇𝑚 31.503
−39.029
16.464
2.939 −16.464 - -
39.029
11.201
+
-
𝑀4 = 31.503 -
9.482
𝑅4= 9.091
+
𝑅1 = 2.939
-
𝑅1 = 7.709 31.503 +
−𝑀12 = 𝑀21
−𝑃𝐿
𝑀12 =
8
−2𝑃𝐿
𝑀12 =
8
−𝑃𝐿
𝑀12 =
4
𝑷𝑳
𝑴𝟐𝟏 =
𝟒
−𝑃𝐿
−𝑀34 = 𝑀43 𝑀34 = 8
−𝑃𝐿
𝑀34 =
8
𝑷𝑳
𝑴𝟒𝟑 =
𝟖
2𝐸𝐼 7𝑃𝐿
𝑀23 = + [2𝜃2 − 𝜃3 ] =
𝐿 80
2𝐸𝐼 13𝑃𝐿
𝑀32 = + [2𝜃3 − 𝜃2 ] = −
𝐿 80
𝑃𝐿 2𝐸𝐼 3𝐴 13𝑃𝐿
𝑀34 = − + [2𝜃3 − ] =
8 𝐿 𝐿 80
𝑃𝐿 2𝐸𝐼 3𝐴 11𝑃𝐿
𝑀43 = + [𝜃3 − ] =
8 𝐿 𝐿 20
1. 𝑀12 + 𝑀23 = 0
1 1 3
3. − 𝐿 (𝑀12 + 𝑀21 ) + 𝐿 (𝑀34 + 𝑀43 ) = 2 𝑃
𝜃 2 6 𝑃𝐿
− 𝐿2 −
𝐿 𝐿 𝜃2 4
2 8 6 𝑃𝐿
𝐸𝐼 [ 𝜃3 ] =
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿2 8
6 6 24 ∆12 30
[− 𝐿2 𝐿2 𝐿2 ] [ 2 ]
9𝑃𝐿2
𝜃2 =
160𝐸𝐼
−11𝑃𝐿2
𝜃3 =
160𝐸𝐼
3𝑃𝐿3
∆12 =
32𝐸𝐼
143 7
𝑀𝑋 = 𝑋−
80 10
𝑀(0) = −7/10
𝐿 31
𝑀( ) =
2 160
17𝑃 97𝑃
𝑉=− −𝑃 𝑉=−
80 80
13 17 𝐿
𝑀𝑋 = 𝑃𝐿 − 𝑃𝑋 − 𝑃(𝑋 − )
80 80 2
𝐿 9𝑃𝐿
𝑀( ) =
2 160
11
𝑀(𝐿) = −
20
deformada
pa2 b 4×42 ×3
13.-Resolver el siguiente problema 𝑀23 = =
L2 49
−192
𝑀23 =
49
pb2 a
𝑀32 =
L2
4×32 ×4
𝑀32 =
72
𝑊𝐿2 144
𝑀12 = 𝑀32 =
12 49
4 × 42
𝑀12 =
12
16
𝑀12 = 𝑀21 =
3
16 𝐸𝐼 −186 −186
M12 = − + (𝜃2 ) =
3 2 35 35
16 𝐸𝐼 −188 −188
M21 = + (𝜃2 ) =
3 2 35 35
144 2𝐸𝐼
M32 = + (2𝜃3 + 𝜃2 ) = 0
49 7
Ecuaciones de momentos
559
𝑉= − 4𝑥
70
559
𝑉(𝑜) =
70
561
𝑉(4) =
70
559
= → 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥
280
559 186
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑥− − 2𝑥 2
70 35
−186
𝑀(0) =
35
559
𝑀( ) = 2.657
280
−188
𝑀(4) =
35
14. Resolver la siguiente estructura: Trazar DFC y DMF:
𝐸𝐼 3
𝑀12 = 2
[𝜃2 − 4] = +0.909 𝑇𝑚 +0.909 Tm
𝐸𝐼 3𝛥
𝑀21 = [2𝜃2 − ] = +2.340 𝑇𝑚 -2.34 Tm
2 4
25 2𝐸𝐼
𝑀23 = − + [2𝜃2 + 𝜃3 ] = −2.340 𝑇𝑚 -2.340 Tm
6 5
25 2𝐸𝐼
𝑀32 = + [2𝜃3 + 𝜃2 ] = 4.389 𝑇𝑚 − 4.389 𝑇𝑚
6 5
3𝛥
𝑀34 = 𝐸𝐼 [2𝜃3 − ] = −4.389 𝑇𝑚 − 4.389 𝑇𝑚
2
3𝛥
𝑀43 = 𝐸𝐼 [𝜃3 − ] = −3.236 𝑇𝑚 + 3.236 𝑇𝑚
2
Ecuaciones:
1. 𝑀21 + 𝑀23 = 0
1 1
3. − 4 (𝑀12 + 𝑀21 ) + 2 (𝑀34 + 𝑀43 ) = 3𝑇
2.- Calcular ƟA Y δ C
103 𝑇 1002 𝑇
E = 2 x 𝑐𝑚2 x → 𝐸 = 2 𝑥 107 𝑚2
1𝑚2
1𝑚4
I = 4000𝑐𝑚2 𝑥
(100)4 𝑐𝑚4
I = 4x10−5 𝑚4
𝑀𝑋 = 2𝑋 − 2(𝑋 − 3) − 2(𝑋 − 7)
𝑀(0) = 0 𝑀(3) = 6 𝑀(7) = 6
𝑀(3) = 6 𝑀(7) = 6 𝑀(10) = 0
*Cálculo del desplazamiento
−36 𝑇𝑚
Σ𝑀𝐶 = 0 𝛿𝐶 = 2𝑥107 𝑥4𝑥10−5
Calculo giro en A RA = σA
+ Σ𝑀𝐷 = 0
1 1
𝑅𝐴(10) = (6 × 3)(8) + (3 × 4)(5) + (6 × 3)(2)
2 2
72 + 60 + 18
𝑅𝐴 =
10
15Tn
𝑅𝐴 =
EI
15Tn
𝑅𝐴 =
2× 107× 4 × 10−5
3.-Determinar la deflexión en B.
EI =420Tm2
𝑅𝐵 = 1𝑇𝑚
𝑋
𝑀𝑋= − 4𝑋 ( )
2
𝑀𝑋= − 2𝑋 2
+ Σ𝑀𝐵 = 0
1 2 1 1 3
(2 × 2) ( × 2) − (3 × 3)(2) + (8 × 2) (1 + × 2) − 𝑅𝐴 (2) = 0
2 3 2 3 4
−8 40
−9+ = 𝑅𝐴 (2)
3 3
5𝑇
𝑅𝐴 =
6
Cálculo de flecha en B: calculamos momento en B.
+ Σ𝑀𝐵 = 0
5 1 2
−MB = ( × 2) − (2 × 2) ( × 2) = 0
2 2 3
5 8
−MB = +
3 3
−13
𝑀𝐵 =
3EI
−13 Tn. m
𝛿𝐵 =
3EI
−13 Tn. m
𝛿𝐵 =
3 × 420Tn. m2
𝛿𝐵 = −0.0103m
B C
3.5 m 2I
4m I I
A D E
4m 3m 3m
2𝑥140
MAB = (𝜃𝐵 ) 70 𝜃𝐵 MAB = 13.58 Kg.m 13.58
4
2𝑥140
MBC = (2𝜃𝐵 ) 140 𝜃𝐵 MBA = 27.16 Kg.m -27.16
4
2 𝑥 140
MCD = (2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐵 ) 112𝜃𝐶 + 56𝜃𝐵 MCD = -15.18
5
- 15.18
2 𝑥 140
MDC = (2𝜃𝐷 + 𝜃𝐶 ) 112𝜃𝐷 + 56𝜃𝐶 MCD = 0 0
5
2 𝑥 140
MCE = (2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐸 ) 112𝜃𝐶 + 56𝜃𝐸 MCD = -15.18 -
5
15.18
2 𝑥 140
MEC = (2𝜃𝐸 + 𝜃𝐶 ) 112𝜃𝐸 + 56𝜃𝐶 MEC = 0 0
5
Ecuaciones de Equilibrio:
1. MBA + MBC = 0
140𝜃𝐵 − 43.75 + 160𝜃𝐵 + 80𝜃𝐶 = 0
300𝜃𝐵 + 80𝜃𝐶 = 43.75……. (1)
3. MDC = 0
56𝜃𝐶 + 112𝜃𝐷 ……………… (3)
4. MEC = 0
56𝜃𝐶 + 112𝜃𝐸 ……………… (4)
13 −133 59 59
𝜃𝐵 = 67 𝜃𝐶 = − 𝜃𝐷 = 653 𝜃𝐸 = 653
736
DEFORMADO
16.-Trazar el DFC y DMF para la siguiente viga mostrada:
P1 W P2
A
B C
L L
𝑃1 = 𝑃2 = 3 𝑇𝑛
𝑊 = 6 𝑇𝑛
𝐿 = 4𝑚
−𝑃1 𝐿 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 −𝑃𝐿 𝑊𝐿2 −3 𝑥 4 6𝑥42
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = + → + → + = 0.5
8 𝐿 8 48 8 48
𝑃1 𝐿 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 𝑃𝐿 𝑊𝐿2 3 𝑥 4 6𝑥42
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = + → + → + = 5.5
8 𝐿 8 24 8 24
−𝑊𝐿2 𝑃2 𝐿 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 −𝑊𝐿2 𝑃2 𝐿 𝑊𝐿2 −6𝑥42 3𝑥4 6𝑥42
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = − + → − + → − + = −5 − 5
12 8 𝐿 12 8 24 12 8 24
𝑊𝐿2 𝑃2 𝐿 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 𝑊𝐿2 𝑃2 𝐿 𝑊𝐿2 6𝑥42 3𝑥4 6𝑥42
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = + + → − + → + + = 11.5
12 8 𝐿 12 8 48 12 8 48
Ecuaciones de equilibrio:
𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0
𝑃1 𝐿 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 𝑊𝐿2 𝑃2 𝐿 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵
+ − − + =0
8 𝐿 12 8 𝐿
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 𝑊𝐿2
=
𝐿 12
𝑊𝐿3
𝜃𝐵 =
96𝐸𝐼
Donde:
0≤𝑥≤2
𝑉 = 12 − 6𝑥 𝑀𝑥 = 12𝑥 − 6𝑥 2 − 5.5
𝑉(0) = 12 𝑀(0) = −5.5
𝑉(2) = 0 𝑀(2) = 6.5
2≤𝑥≤4
-3 Tn
-3 Tn
-3 Tn
-11.5 Tn
-5.5 Tn
0.5 Tn
6.5 Tn
DEFORMADA
17.-Trazar el DFC y DMF para la siguiente viga mostrada:
10 KN 6 KN/m
A B C
8m 6m
Del grafico:
𝑤𝑙 2 𝑤𝑙 2
= 7.21 𝐾𝑛. 𝑚 = 10.8 𝐾𝑛. 𝑚
30 20
𝑃 𝑃
= 10 𝐾𝑛. 𝑚 = 10 𝐾𝑛. 𝑚
8 8
Ecuaciones de momentos:
Momento de la derecha cambian de
signo:
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −10 + → −10.6 − 10.6
8
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 10 + → 8.8 − 8.8
8
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −7.2 + → −8.8 − 8.8
6
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 10.8 + → 10 − 10
6
Ecuaciones de equilibrio:
𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵
10 + − 7.2 + =0
8 6
7𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵
= −2.8
6
−2.4
𝜃𝐵 =
𝐸𝐼
𝐴−𝐵 0≤𝑋 ≤4
𝑀𝑥 = 5.225𝑥 − 10.6
𝑀(4) = 10.3
𝐵−𝐶 0≤𝑋≤6
𝑥2
𝑉 = 5.8 −
2
𝑠𝑖 𝑣 = 0
𝑥2
0 = 5.8 −
2
𝑥 = 3.406 𝑚 (𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥)
𝑥2
𝑀𝑥 = 5.8𝑥 − − 8.8
2
𝑀(0) = −8.8
𝑀(3.406) = 4.369
𝑀(6) = −10
DFC:
5.225 -4.775
-4.775
-12.2
DMF:
-10.6 -10
-8.8
4.396
10.3
DEFORMADA
𝑀(𝑥) = 13.618𝑋.
𝑀(0) = 0.
𝑀(4) = 54.472
𝑊𝑋 2
𝑉 = −30.303 −
2𝐿
𝑋2
𝑉 = −30.303 −
2
V(0) = −30.303
V(6) = −48.303
𝑤𝑥 3
cuando V = 0 => Mmax
𝑀(𝑥) = 68.945 − 30.303𝑥 −
6𝐿 𝑥2
0 = −30.303 − 2
𝑀(0) = 68.945
19. Determine las reacciones DFC y DMF e=200 gpa 50(106)mm4 y en “c” se
desplaza 10 mm
𝐸 = 200𝐺𝑃𝑎 = 200000000𝐾𝑁. 𝑚2 6X
𝐼 = 50 ∗ 10−5 𝑚𝑚4
∆= 0.01𝑚.
4𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = (∅𝐵) = 20.08
3
4𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = (2∅𝐵) = 40.16
3
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −4.5 + 𝐸𝐼(2∅𝐵 + ∅𝐶)
𝑉 = 26.34 − 6𝑥
3𝐸𝐼(0.01)
− = −40.16
3 0 = 26. .34 − 6𝑥
3𝐸𝐼(0.01)
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 4.5 + 𝐸𝐼(∅𝐵 + 2∅𝐶) + 𝑋 = 4.4 → 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥
3
= −12
𝑀𝑥 = 26.39𝑥 − 3𝑋 2 − 40.16
1. 𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0
14𝐸𝐼∅𝐵
+ 𝐸𝐼∅𝐶 = 104.5 … … … … … (1) 𝑀(0) = −40.16
3
𝑀𝐵 = 12
2. 𝑀𝐶𝐵 + 12 = 0
3𝐸𝐼(0.01)
4.5 + 𝐸𝐼(∅𝐵 + 2∅𝐶) + +
3
12 = 0
𝐸𝐼∅𝐵 + 2𝐸𝐼∅𝐶 = 83.5
14
∅ 104.5
𝐸𝐼 { 3 1} [ 𝐵 ] = [ ]
∅𝐶 83.5
1 2
15.06
∅𝐵 =
𝐸𝐼
34.22
∅𝐶 =
𝐸𝐼
DMF:
DEFORMADA:
19. Trazar DFC y DMF para la sgt. Figura
AB
𝑃𝐿 40∗6
𝑀= 8
= 8
= 30KN
BC
12∗62
M= 12
= 36𝐾𝑁
76
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 30 + 𝐸𝐼∅𝐵 = −
3
118
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 30 + 𝐸𝐼2∅𝐵 =
3
2𝐸𝐼 148
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −36 + (2∅𝐵 + ∅𝐶) = −
3 3
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 36 + (2∅𝐶 + ∅𝐵) = 0
3
Ecuaciones de equilibrio estatico
1. 𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐵𝐷 = 0
4𝐸𝐼∅𝐵 4𝐸𝐼∅𝐶
30 + 2𝐸𝐼∅𝐵 + + − 36 + 10 = 0
3 3
10𝐸𝐼∅𝐵 2𝐸𝐼∅𝐶
+ = −4
3 3
2. 𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 0
4𝐸𝐼∅𝐶 2𝐸𝐼∅𝐵
36 + + =0
3 3
2𝐸𝐼∅𝐵 4𝐸𝐼∅𝐶
+ = −36
3 3
∅𝐵= 14
10/3 2/3 −4 3𝐸𝐼
𝐸𝐼 [ ]=[ ]
2/3 4/3 −36 ∅𝐶=− 88
3𝐸𝐼
Equilibrio de nodos:
𝐵𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑎 𝐵𝐶
398
398 𝑉(0) =
𝑉= − 12𝑋 { 4
9 250
𝑀(8) = −
9
398
0= − 12𝑋
9
𝑋 = 3.685 𝑚 (𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑜 𝑦 𝑉 = 0)
−148
398 148 𝑀(0) =
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑋 − 6𝑋 2 − { 3
9 3 𝑀(3.685) = 32.15
𝑀(6) = 0
𝐵𝐴𝑅𝑅𝐴 𝐴 − 𝐵
−76
53 76 𝑀(0) = 3
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑋− {
3 3 83
𝑀(3) =
3
OBTENEMOS EL DFC
396/3
-10
-250/9
-67/3
53/3
DMF
148/3
-10
-118/3
32.5
83/3
-76/3
DEFORMADA:
21.- Trazar los DFC y DMF en el marco mostrado. Donde en el nodo C tiene una
articulación y empotrado perfecto en A y D
Articulación
10 KN
4m
3m
𝑃𝑎𝑏 2 𝑃𝑎2 𝑏
= 1.875 = 5.625
𝐿2 𝐿2
2EI 3∆
MAB = −1.875 + θB − = −15.9375
4 4
2EI 3∆
MBA = 5.625 + (2θB − ) = −5.625
4 4
2EI
MBC = (2θB + 𝜃𝐶 ) = 5.625
3
2EI
MCB = (2θC1 + θB ) = 0
3
2EI 3∆
MCD = (2θC2 − ) = 0
4 4
2EI 3∆
MDC = (θC2 − ) = −8.4375
4 4
Ecuaciones de equilibrio estático
1
4.- − 4 [𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶 ] = 7.5
5.625 1.875
2.1094
1.875 1.875 2.1094
5.625
2.1094
10 2.1094
7.8906
2.1094
15.937 8.4375
5
RHA=7.8906 RHD=2.1094
MA=15.9375 MD=8.4375
RVA=1.875 RVD=1.87
5
+5.625
+5.625 +7.7343
D.M.F
-15.9375
+8.4375
Δ=45 Δ=45
ƟB ƟC2
ƟC2
ƟB
DEFORMADA
22.- Trazar el DFC y DMF
2𝐸𝐼 3∆
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −5 + (𝜃𝐵 − ) = −12.992
4 4
2𝐸𝐼 3∆
𝑀𝐵𝐴 =5+ (2𝜃𝐵 − ) = −2.603
4 4
2𝐸𝐼 3 ∗ 3∆
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = (2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶1 + ) = 2.603
4 4∗4
2𝐸𝐼 3 ∗ 3∆
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = (2𝜃𝐶1 𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐵 + )=0
4 4∗4
2𝐸𝐼 3 ∗ 5∆
𝑀𝐶𝐷 = (2𝜃𝐶2 − )=0
5 5∗4
2𝐸𝐼 3 ∗ 5∆
𝑀𝐷𝐶 = (2𝜃𝐶2 − ) = −2.953
4 5∗4
2𝐸𝐼 3∆
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −5 + (𝜃𝐵 − ) = −12.992
4 4
2𝐸𝐼 3∆
𝑀𝐵𝐴 =5+ (2𝜃𝐵 − ) = −2.603
4 4
2𝐸𝐼 3 ∗ 3∆
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = (2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶1 + ) = 2.603
4 4∗4
2𝐸𝐼 3 ∗ 3∆
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = (2𝜃𝐶1 𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐵 + )=0
4 4∗4
2𝐸𝐼 3 ∗ 5∆
𝑀𝐶𝐷 = (2𝜃𝐶2 − )=0
5 5∗4
2𝐸𝐼 3 ∗ 5∆
𝑀𝐷𝐶 = (2𝜃𝐶2 − ) = −2.953
4 5∗4
1. 𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0
6𝐸𝐼∆ 2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶1 18𝐸𝐼∆
5 + 𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 − + 𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 + + =0
16 4 64
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶1 3𝐸𝐼∆
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 + − = −5 … … … … . . (1)
4 32
2. 𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 0
2𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 9𝐸𝐼∆
+ 𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶1 + = 0 … … . . (2)
4 32
3. 𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶1 3𝐸𝐼∆
− = 0 … … … … … . (3)
5 10
PARA EL ANALISIS DE FUERZAS HOTIZONTALES
𝐻𝑅 + 𝐻𝐷 = 10
ANALIZAMOS EL NODO C
+ 𝐹𝑦 = 0
𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵 𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶
𝑁1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = − ∗ 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜃
4 5
4 𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵 𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶 3
𝑁1 ( ) = − ∗( )
5 4 5 5
5 1 3
𝑁1 = [( (𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵) − (𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶)]
4 4 25
5 3
𝑁1 = (𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵) − (𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶)
16 20
+ 𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷
𝑁2 = 𝑁1𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜃 − ∗ 𝐶𝑂𝑆𝜃
5
3 𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 4
𝑁2 = 𝑁1 ( ) − ∗( )
5 5 5
5 3 3 𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 4
𝑁2 = [ (𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵) − (𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶)] ( ) − ( )
16 20 5 5 5
3 9 4
𝑁2 = (𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵) − (𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶) − (𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵)
16 100 25
3 𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶
𝑁2 = (𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵) −
16 4
1 3
𝑁2 = [ (𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵) − (𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶)]
4 4
Cuarta condición
+
𝐹𝑥 = 0
→
𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴
−( ) + 𝑁2 − 5 = 0
4
𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 1 3
−( ) + [ (𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵 ) − (𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶 )] = 5
4 4 4
1 3
− [𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 − (𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐵 ) + (𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶 )] = 5
4 4
𝐸𝐼 3 3∆ 3 3 3 9∆ 6𝜃𝐶2 3∆
− [ 𝜃𝐵 − − ( 𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶1 + ) + ( − )] = 5
4 2 4 4 2 2 16 5 5
𝐸𝐼 3 3∆ 9 9𝜃𝐶1 27∆ 6𝜃𝐶2 3∆
− [ 𝜃𝐵 − − 𝜃𝐵 − − + − ]=5
4 2 4 8 8 64 5 5
𝐸𝐼 3 9𝜃𝐶1 6𝜃𝐶2 567∆
− [ 𝜃𝐵 − + − ]=5
4 8 8 5 320
3𝐸𝐼 9𝜃𝐶1 6𝜃𝐶2 567
− 𝜃𝐵 + − + ∆= 5
32 32 20 1280
2 2/4 0 −3/32 𝜃𝐵 −5
2/4 1 0 9/32 𝜃𝐶1 0
𝐸𝐼 [ ][ ] = [ ]
0 0 4/5 −3/10 𝜃𝐶2 0
−3/32 9/32 −3/10 567/1280 ∆ 5
145
𝜃𝐵 = −
657𝐸𝐼
4850
𝜃𝐶1 =
657𝐸𝐼
3565
𝜃𝐶2 = −
657𝐸𝐼
14331
∆=
728𝐸𝐼
Aplicando estos resultados en la ecuación de momentos tenemos.
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −12.
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = −2.603
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 2.603
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 0
𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0
𝑀𝐷𝐶 = −2.953
Diagrama de fuerza cortante
3m 2I
4I 4m
A
𝑅𝐹 3𝐴
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −15 + (𝜃𝐵 − ) = −53.918 𝐾𝑛. 𝑚
3 3
𝑅𝐹 3𝐴
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 15 + (2𝜃𝐵 − ) = −16.559 𝐾𝑛. 𝑚
3 3
2:_ 𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 0
2𝐸𝐼 ∶ 𝜃𝐵 + 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶1 = 0 ……………………………………………(2)
3:_ 𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0
6𝐸𝐼∆
4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶2 − = 0 …………………………………………………….. (3)
4
1 1
4:_− 3 [𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 ] − 4 [𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶 ] = 30
1 8𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 1
− [ 4𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 − −] − [6𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐶2 − 3𝐸𝐼∆] = 30
3 3 4
20 4
2 0 −3
3 𝜃𝐵 15
2 4 0 0 𝜃𝐶1 0
𝐸𝐼 0 0 4
3
−2 [ ] =[ ]
𝜃𝐶2 0
4 3 59 ∆ 30
[− 3 0 − 2 36 ]
17517
𝜃𝐶1= −494 ∆=
179𝐸𝐼 507𝐸𝐼
16.55
9
2.6746
53.492 V V(0)= 53.492
V(3)= 6.508
0= 53.492 – 20
2 max. a esta
Mx= 53.492X – 10X - X
53.918 X= 2.6746 distancia
M(0)= -53.918
Mmax (x=2.6746) =
17.617
M(3)= 16.559
DIAGRAMA MOMENTO FLECTOR
+16.559 Deformada
+16.559 +∆ +∆
17.617 +θB -θC1
+θC2
+θB
24.-Trazar DFC Y DMF para la siguiente viga continua
20 km 18 km 6 km
3 km/m
2 km/m
3I 10 I 2 2 E
I I
𝟔𝑬𝑰 −𝟏𝟏
MAB = - 36 + = 𝟖𝟖 = = −𝟎. 𝟏𝟖𝟎
𝟏𝟐 𝟔𝟏
𝟔𝑬𝑰 𝟖𝟓𝟓𝟔
MBA = 36 + (𝟐𝟎𝟎) = = −𝟏𝟎𝟕. 𝟔𝟑𝟗
𝟏𝟐 𝟔𝟏
𝟐𝟎𝑰𝑰 𝟔𝟓𝟔𝟔
MBC = -156 + (𝟐𝜽𝑬 + 𝜽𝑪 ) = = −𝟏𝟎𝟕. 𝟔𝟑𝟗
𝟐𝟒 𝟔𝟏
𝟐𝟎𝑰𝑰 𝟒𝟒𝟗𝟏
MCB = 156 + (𝟐𝜽𝑪 + 𝜽𝑫 ) = = −𝟕𝟑. 𝟔𝟐𝟑
𝟐𝟒 𝟔𝟏
𝟒𝑬𝑭 𝟒𝟒𝟗𝟏
MCD = -32 + (𝟐𝜽𝑪 + 𝜽𝑫 ) = = −𝟕𝟑. 𝟔𝟐𝟑
𝟏𝟐 𝟔𝟏
𝟒𝟎𝟐
MDC = 16 + (𝟐𝜽𝑫 + 𝜽𝑪 ) = 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟏𝟖
𝟏𝟐
1. MBA + MBC = O
𝟗𝟎𝑬𝑰𝜽𝑩 𝟐𝟎𝑬𝑰𝜽𝑪
36 + 𝑬𝑰𝜽𝑬 − 𝟏𝟓𝟔 + +
𝟐𝟒 𝟐𝟒
𝜽𝑬𝑰𝜽𝑩 𝟓𝑬𝑰𝑰𝜽𝑪
+ = 𝟏𝟐𝟎 … . (𝟏)
𝟑 +𝟔
2. MCB + MCD = 0
3. MDC + MDE = O
𝟖𝑬𝑰𝜽𝑫 𝟒𝑬𝑰𝜽𝑪
𝟏𝟔 + + − 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟎
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝑬𝑰𝜽𝑪 𝟐𝑬𝑰𝜽𝑫
+ = 𝟐 … … (𝟑)
𝟑 𝟑
0 1/3 7/3
𝟓𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝜽𝑫 2 𝜽𝑪 =
𝟔𝟏𝑰𝑰
𝟐𝟕𝟖𝟑
𝜽𝑶 =
𝟓𝑰𝑬𝑰
20 kn
6KN
18
3 kn/m 107.639 KN.m 2 kn/m 73.623
0.18 KN.m 107.639 73.623 18 18
M=0.18 KN.m
26.955 KN
9.045
32.417 KN
32.583 KN
16.635 KN
6 KN
9.045
26.955 KN
1.365 KN
32.417 KN
6 KN
32.583 KN
16.635 KN
16.635 KN
9.045 KN
6 KN
-8.583 KN -1.365 KN
-26.955 KN
-32.583 KN
TRAZO DE DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTO FLECTOR
-107.639 KN
-73.623 KN
-18 KN
-0.18 KN - - - -
-7.082 KN
- -
+
13.455 KN + +
173.369 KN
24 KN/m
B’ B I C
1.5m
12 KN
I
1.5m
A
1.5m 4m
𝟐𝐄𝐈 −𝟏𝟑
𝐌𝐀𝐁 = −𝟒. 𝟓 + (𝛉𝐁) =
𝟑 𝟏𝟒
𝟐𝐄𝐈 𝟏𝟔𝟑
𝐌𝐁𝐀 = 𝟒. 𝟓 + (𝟐𝛉𝐁) =
𝟑 𝟏𝟒
𝟐𝐄𝐈 −𝟑𝟕𝟑
𝐌𝐁𝐂 = −𝟑𝟐 + (𝟐𝛉𝐁) =
𝟒 𝟏𝟒
Ecuaciones de equilibrio Estático
1. 𝐌𝐁𝐀 + 𝐌𝐁𝐂 + 𝐌𝐁𝐁´ = 𝟎
𝟒𝑬𝑰
𝟒. 𝟓 + (𝜽𝑩) − 𝟑𝟐 + (𝑬𝑰𝜽𝑩) + 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎
𝟑
𝟕𝐄𝐈
𝛉𝐁 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟓
𝟑
𝟕𝟓
𝛉𝐁 =
𝟏𝟒𝐄𝐈
Reemplazando en Ecuaciones de Momentos.
10 KN
373 971 67
24 KN/m
15
14 28 R MC = KN
7
B’ C
10 5151 971
5151 5601 5601 MC = KN. m
10 112 28
112 112 112 5601
163 R VC = KN
112
14
67
7
12
17
7
𝟏𝟑
𝟏𝟒
𝟏𝟕
A 𝐑 𝐇𝐀 = 𝐊𝐍
𝟕
6271 𝟏𝟑
R HA = 𝐌𝐀 = 𝐊𝐍. 𝐦
112 𝟏𝟒
515𝑙
DFC:
112
67
−10 −
7
17 560𝑙
− 112
7
DMF:
373
−15 −
14
163
− 17.423
14
2.714
17
− 14
Deformada:
+𝜃𝐵
+𝜃𝐵
+𝜃𝐵
1.5𝑚
12𝐾𝑁
1.5𝑚
4𝑚 1.5𝑚
2𝐸𝐼 971 2𝐸𝐼 373
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −32 + (𝑄𝐵 ) = − 𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 32 + (2𝑄𝐵 ) =
4 28 4 14
2𝐸𝐼 163 2𝐸𝐼 13
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −4.5 + (2𝑄𝐵 ) = − 𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 4.5 + (𝑄𝐵 ) =
3 14 3 14
9.571𝐾𝑁 12𝐾𝑁
2.429𝐾𝑁
13
14
𝑅𝐶 = 2.429𝐾𝑁
𝑅𝐶 = 55.991𝐾𝑁
Diagrama Momento Flector
971 373
− −
28 14
163
− 14
17.423
2.714
−13
14
45.991
9.571
−2.429
Deformada
Ɵ
27.- Trazar DFC y DMF para el siguiente Marco EI=Constante
1000KN 1000
B C 1m 3m
VAB VDC 4m
A D
1m 3m
1. MAB = 0
7𝜔ℓ3
ƟB1 =
96𝐸𝐼
3𝜔ℓ3
ƟB2 = −
32𝐸𝐼
4
𝜔ℓ
Δ=−
16𝐸𝐼
3wl/ 3wl/
3wl/ 16 3wl/
16 16
16
13wl 3wl/
13wl Rb=0
/16 16
/16 Rc = 3wl/16
13wl
/16 DIAGRAMA FUERZA CORTANTE
5wl˄2/16
W
⁺ Mx
⁻ ⁻
13wl
/16
V
-3WLl/16 -3wl/16
9𝑤𝑙˄2
𝑣 =13𝑤𝑙
16 − 𝑤𝑥
𝑀(13
6 ) =512
𝑥 =13𝑙
16
⁻ ⁻
⁺ 𝑀𝑥 =13𝑤𝑙
16 𝑥−𝑤𝑥˄2
2
5𝑤𝑙˄2
−16
−5𝑤𝑙˄2
9wl˄2/ 𝑀(0) =16
512
𝑀(13 =9𝑤𝑙˄2
6M)(l)=0
512
DEFORMADA
θB1 -θB2
MÉTODO ENERGÉTICO
Calcular H4
W
W 1 1
2 3
L 1 1
𝑊𝐿
L L
2
1 4
1 1
𝑊𝐿
𝑅1 =𝑊𝐿 𝑅2 =𝑊𝐿
2 𝑊𝐿
2 2
2
M m
1-2 0 x
2-3 𝑊𝐿𝑥 𝑊𝐿𝑥˄2 L
−
2 2
0 L-x
1 𝑙
∫ 𝑦 = 𝐸𝐼 ∫0 𝑀𝑚𝑑𝑥
1 𝑙 𝑊𝐿𝑥 𝑊𝐿˄2
∫ 𝑀4 = 𝐸𝐼 ∫0 ( 2 − 2 )Ldx
1 𝑙 𝑊𝑙˄2𝑋 𝑊𝑙𝑥˄2
∫ 𝑀4 = ∫0 ( 𝐸𝐼
− )Dx
2 2
1 𝑊𝑙˄2𝑥˄2 𝑊𝑙𝑥˄3 𝑙
∫ 𝑀4 = ( − )/0
𝐸𝐼 4 6
1 𝑊𝑙˄4 𝑊𝑙˄4
∫ 𝑀4 = ( − )
𝐸𝐼 4 6
Escriba aquí la ecuación.
𝑊𝑙˄4
∫ 𝑀4 =Escriba aquí la ecuación.
12𝐸𝐼
2) Calcular 𝜃𝐵 𝑦 𝛿𝑣𝐵 Para cálculo de giro en B
20Kg
ΔVB
Barras longitud
M m1 m1
B–A 0 – 20 -20X -1 -X
1 𝑙 1 𝑙
𝜃𝐵 = 𝐸𝐼 ∫0 𝑀𝑚1 𝑑𝑥 𝛿𝑣𝐵 = 𝐸𝐼 ∫º (𝑀)(𝑚2 )𝑑𝑥
1 𝑙 1 20
𝜃𝐵 = ∫ (−20𝑥)(−1)𝑑𝑥 𝛿𝑣𝐵 = ∫ (−20𝑥)(−𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝐸𝐼 º 𝐸𝐼 0
1 20𝑥 3 20
𝜃𝐵 = 𝐸𝐼 (10𝑥 2 )/20
0 𝐸𝐼 𝛿𝑣𝐵 = 3
/0
4 000 160 000
𝜃𝐵 = 𝐸𝐼
𝐸𝐼 𝛿𝑣𝐵 = 3𝐸𝐼
3) 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝜃𝐴 𝑦 𝜃𝐵 𝑦 𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥
P 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝜃𝐴 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝜃𝐵
1 1
A B A B A
B
l/2 l/2
l
𝑃 𝑃 1 1 1 1
2 2 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙
X X X X X X
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥
1
A B
1 1
2 2
X X
𝜃𝐴 𝜃𝐵 𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥
Barras longitud M
m1 m2 m3
𝑃𝑥 1 1 𝑥
A - 1 0 – l/2 (1 − x) − 𝑥
2 𝑙 𝑙 2
𝑃𝑥 1 𝑥 𝑥
B - 1 0 – l/2 𝑥 ( − 1)
2 𝑙 2 2
1 𝑙/2 1 𝑙
𝜃𝐴 = 𝐸𝐼 ∫0 𝑀𝑚1 𝑑𝑥 𝜃𝐵 = 𝐸𝐼 ∫0 𝑀𝑚2 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑙/2 𝑃𝑥 𝑃𝑥 2 𝑃𝑥 2 1 𝑙/2 𝑃𝑥 2 𝑃𝑥 2 𝑃𝑥
𝜃𝐴 = 𝐸𝐼 ∫º 2
− 2𝑙
+ 2𝑙
𝑑𝑥 𝜃𝐵 = 𝐸𝐼 ∫0 (− 2𝑙
+ 2𝑙
− 2
)𝑑𝑥
1 𝑙/2 𝑃𝑥 1 𝑙/2 𝑃𝑥
𝜃𝐴 = (∫0 𝑑𝑥 𝜃𝐵 = (∫0 − 𝑑𝑥)
𝐸𝐼 2 𝐸𝐼 2
1 𝑃𝑥 2 𝑙/2 𝑃𝑙 2
𝜃𝐴 = 𝐸𝐼 ( 4
)/0 𝜃𝐵 = − 16𝐸𝐼
𝑃𝑙 2
𝜃𝐵 =
16𝐸𝐼
1 𝑙/2
𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ∫ 𝑀𝑚3 𝑑𝑥
𝐸𝐼 0
1 𝑙/2 𝑃𝑥 2 𝑃𝑥 2
𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ∫ ( 4 + )𝑑𝑥
𝐸𝐼 0 4
1 𝑙/2 𝑃𝑥
𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝐸𝐼 ∫0 ( 2 𝑑𝑥 )
𝑃𝑙 3
𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
48𝐸𝐼
1 𝐿
∆H2=𝐸𝐼 ∫0 𝑀𝑚
1 𝐿 𝐿
∆H2=𝐸𝐼 [∫0 (𝑃𝑥)(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 (𝑃𝑥)(𝑥)𝑑𝑥]
1 𝐿
∆H2=𝐸𝐼 [∫0 (𝑃𝑥 2 + 𝑃𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 ]
1 2𝑃𝑥 3 L
∆H2=𝐸𝐼 [ ]
3
0
2𝑃𝐿³
∆H2= 3𝐸𝐼
4. - Calcular ∆v en D
P Pa
A 3a
a B
1 Pa
P
Pa 1
C
D
D C
P D
P
1 𝑙
∆vD = 𝐸𝐼 ∫0 𝑀𝑚
𝑎 2𝑎 3𝑎
EI ∆vD = ∫0 (−𝑃𝑋)(−𝑋) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 (𝑃𝑎)(𝑎)𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 (−𝑃𝑥 + 𝑃𝑎)(−𝑥 + 𝑎)𝑑𝑥
𝑃𝑥 3 3𝑎
EI ∆vD = / 𝑎0 + 𝑃𝑎²𝑥/ 2𝑎
0
+ ∫0 (𝑃𝑥 2 − 𝑃𝑎𝑥 − 𝑃𝑎𝑥 + 𝑃𝑎2 )𝑑𝑥
3
𝑃𝑎³ 3𝑎
EI ∆vD = 3
+ 2𝑃𝑎³ + ∫0 (𝑃𝑥 2 − 2𝑃𝑎𝑥 + 𝑃𝑎2 )𝑑𝑥
7𝑃𝑎³ 𝑃𝑥 3
EI ∆vD = +( − 𝑃𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑃𝑎𝑥 2 )/ 3𝑎
0
3 3
7𝑃𝑎³ 27𝑃𝑎³
EI ∆vD = 3
+ 3
− 9𝑃𝑎2 + 3𝑃𝑎³
16𝑃𝑎³
∆vD = 3𝐸𝐼
a a
A
D 2a E 2a
A a A a
R1=p A
R2=p A
R1=1 A
R1=0 A
Tramo Longitud M m 2𝑎 𝑎 2𝑎
C-B 0-2a -Px -x EI∆Vc=∫0 𝑃𝑥² + ∫0 4𝑃𝑎² + ∫0 𝑃𝑥²
B-A 0-a -2Pa -2a 𝑃𝑥 3 𝑃𝑥 3
D-A 0-2a Px X EI∆Vc= / 2𝑎
0
+ 4𝑃𝑎²𝑥/ 𝑎0 + / 2𝑎
0
3 3
E-A 0-a 0 0 8𝑃𝑎³ 8𝑃𝑎³
EI∆Vc= + 4𝑃𝑎³ +
3 3
28𝑃𝑎³
EI∆Vc= 3𝐸𝐼
l l l l
1 5 1 5
ω
2ωl
1
1 l 3 1 3
l
Rɜ = 5ωl Rɜ = 1
1 R1 = 2ωl 2
1
R1 = 1
R1 = 3ωl 6𝛴𝐻1 = 0
3 𝑙 R1 = 1
𝑅3 𝑙 = 𝜔𝑙 ( ) + 2𝜔𝑙 2
2
5𝜔𝑙
𝑅3 =
2
2𝑎 𝑃𝑥 𝑋 𝑎 𝑎
EIӨE =∫0 − − 2𝑎 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 (−𝑃𝑎)(−1)𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 (−𝑃𝑥)(−1)𝑑𝑥
2
2𝑎 𝑃𝑋 2 𝑎 𝑎
EIӨE =∫0 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 𝑃𝑎𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 𝑃𝑥𝑑𝑥
2𝑎
𝑃𝑋 3 2𝑎 𝑎 𝑃𝑋 2 𝑎
EIӨE = ∫ + 𝑃𝑎𝑥 ∫0 +
12𝑎 0 2
∫0
8𝑃𝑎3 𝑃𝑎2
EIӨE = + 𝑃𝑎2 +
12𝑎 2
8𝑃𝑎2 𝑃𝑎2
EIӨE = + 𝑃𝑎2 +
12 2
13𝑃𝑎2
ӨE = 6𝐸𝐼
8. Calcular V C , H C , C .
Barra Longitud M
C–B 0–a M 0 X -1
B–A 0 -a M -x 0 -1
1. Calculo de V C 3. Cálculo de C .
EI V C Mxdx
a
EI V C
0
Mxdx
a
Mx
2
EI V C
2 0
a
Mx
2
VC
2 0
2
Ma
VC
2 EI
2
Ma
VC
2 EI
2. Cálculo de H C .
EI H C Mxdx
a a
EI H C
0
Mxdx
0
Ma
a
Mx
2
Max 0
a
EI H C
2 0
2
Ma
EI H C
Ma
2
2
3 Ma
H C
2 EI
1) Calcula ∆𝑉𝐷
𝑎 2𝑎 2𝑎
EI∆𝑉𝐷 = ∫0 ( 𝑃𝑥)(0)𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 ( 𝑃𝑎)(−𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 ( 𝑃𝑎 − 𝑃𝑥)(−2𝑎)𝑑𝑥
2𝑎 2𝑎
EI∆𝑉𝐷 = ∫0 − 𝑃𝑎 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 ( − 2𝑃𝑎2 + 2𝑃𝑎𝑥)𝑑𝑥
2a
Pax
2
EI∆𝑉𝐷 =
2 Pax Pax
2 2a
0
2 0
2 Pa 4 Pa 4 Pa
3 3 3
EI∆𝑉𝐷 =
2 Pa
3 3
2 Pa
∆𝑉𝐷 = ∆𝑉𝐷 =
EI EI
2. Calcular ∆𝐻𝐷
a 2a 2a
𝐸𝐼∆𝐻𝐷 = ( Px )( x ) dx ( Pa )( a ) dx ( Pa Px )( a x ) dx
0 0 0
a 2a
Px Px
3 2 2 3
Pax Pax
2a
𝐸𝐼∆𝐻𝐷 = Pa x
2
0
Pa x
2
3 0 2 2 3 0
3 3
Pa 8 Pa
𝐸𝐼∆𝐻𝐷 = 2 Pa
3
2 Pa
3
2 Pa
3
2 Pa
3
3 3
3
3 Pa
∆𝐻𝐷 =
EI
3. Calcular 𝜃𝐷
a 2a 2a
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐷 = ( Px )( 1 ) dx ( Pa )( 1 ) dx ( Pa Px )( 1 ) dx
0 0 0
a 2a
Px Px
2 2
2
2 2
5 Pa 5 Pa
𝜃𝐷 = 𝜃𝐷 =
2 EI 2 EI
A D A D
2a 5a 2a 5a 1
Viga Real ∆Vᴅ Unitario
4
5 4a 4a 1
1 1 1
B C B C
ø ø
A D 1 A D
1
2a 5a 2a 5a
∆Hᴅ Unitario Өᴅ Unitario
𝑞𝑟 2
D–C 0 – 4a − 0 X -1
2
C–B 0 – 5a - 8𝑞𝑎2 -x 4a -1
16𝑞𝑎𝑟 3
- 5𝑥 − 4a -
4𝑥
5
B–A 0 – 5a 5 -1
5𝑎
− 8𝑞𝑎2
)
N2
ø
𝑁2 =
5
N1
N2 16𝑞𝑎 1
𝑁1 =
5
1) Calculo de ∆Vᴅ
5𝑎 5𝑎 16𝑞𝑎 3𝑥
EI∆Vᴅ = ∫0 8𝑞𝑎2 𝑋𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 ( 𝑥 − 8𝑞𝑎2 )(− − 5𝑎)𝑑𝑥
5 5
5𝑎 5𝑎 48𝑞𝑎𝑥 2 24𝑞𝑎𝑥 2
EI∆Vᴅ = ∫0 8𝑞𝑎2 𝑋𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 − + − 16𝑞𝑎2 𝑥 + 40𝑞𝑎3 𝑑𝑥
25 5
5𝑎 16𝑞𝑎𝑥 3 12𝑞𝑎𝑥 2 5𝑎
EI∆Vᴅ = 4𝑞𝑎2 𝑥 2 ∫0 + (− + − 8𝑞𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 40𝑞𝑎3 𝑥) ∫0
25 5
EI∆Vᴅ = 100𝑞𝑎4 − 80𝑞𝑎4 + 60𝑞𝑎4 − 200𝑞𝑎4 + 200𝑞𝑎4
80𝑞𝑎4
∆Vᴅ = ↓
𝐸𝐼
2) Calculo de ∆Hᴅ
4𝑎 9𝑋 3 5𝑎 5𝑎 64𝑞𝑎2 𝑥 64𝑞𝑎𝑥 2
EI∆Hᴅ = ∫0 − 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 −32𝑞𝑎3 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 − 32𝑞𝑎3 − +
2 5 25
32𝑞𝑎2 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
5
−𝑞𝑥 4 4𝑎 5𝑎 32𝑞𝑎2 𝑥 2 64𝑞𝑎𝑥 3 16𝑞𝑎2 𝑥 2 5𝑞
EI∆Hᴅ = 8
∫0 +32𝑞𝑎3 𝑥 ∫0 +[ 5
− 32𝑞𝑎3 𝑥 − 75
+ 5
] ∫0
4 4 4 4 320𝑞𝑎4 4
EI∆Hᴅ = −32𝑞𝑎 − 160𝑞𝑎 + 160𝑞𝑎 − 160𝑞𝑎 − + 80𝑞𝑎
3
−656𝑞𝑎4
∆Hᴅ = 3𝐸𝐼
656𝑞𝑎4
∆Hᴅ = ←
3𝐸𝐼
3) Calculo de Өᴅ
4𝑎 𝑞𝑥 2 5𝑎 5𝑎 16𝑞𝑎𝑥
EIӨᴅ = ∫0 − (−1)𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 (−8𝑞𝑎4 )(−1)𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 − 8𝑞𝑎2 (−1)𝑑𝑥
2 5
4𝑎 𝑞𝑥 2 5𝑎 5𝑎 16𝑞𝑎𝑥
EIӨᴅ = ∫0 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 8𝑞𝑎2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 (− + 8𝑞𝑎2 )(−1)𝑑𝑥
2 5
𝑞𝑥 3 4𝑎 5𝑎 8𝑞𝑎𝑥 2 5𝑎
EIӨᴅ = ∫ + 8𝑞𝑎2 𝑥 ∫0 + (− + 8𝑞𝑎2 𝑥) ∫0
6 0 5
32𝑞𝑎3
EIӨᴅ = + 40𝑞𝑎 − 40𝑞𝑎 + 40𝑞𝑎3
3 3
3
152𝑞𝑎3
Өᴅ = 3𝐸𝐼
3.- Calculo de θD
4𝑎 −𝑞𝑥 2 5𝑎 5𝑎 16𝑞𝑎𝑥
EI θD= ∫0 (−1)𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 (−8𝑞𝑎2 )(−1)𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 − 8𝑞𝑎2 (−1)𝑑𝑥
2 5
4𝑎 𝑞𝑥² 5𝑎 5𝑎 −16𝑞𝑎𝑥
EI θD=∫0 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 8𝑞𝑎²𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 + 8𝑞𝑎2 𝑑𝑥
2 5
𝑞𝑥 3 8𝑞𝑎𝑥 2
EI θD= / 4𝑎
0
+ 8𝑞𝑎²𝑥/ 5𝑎
0
+ (− + 8𝑞𝑎2 𝑥)/ 5𝑎
0
6 5
32𝑞𝑎³
EI θD= + 40𝑞𝑎³ − 40𝑞𝑎3 + 40𝑞𝑎³
3
152𝑞𝑎³
EI θD= 3𝐸𝐼