LAS MAGISTRATURAS, PILAR FUNDAMENTAL DE LA REPÚBLICA

ROMANA1

Ingrid Díaz Tolosa

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Católica de Chile, primer semestre 2010.

Resumen

En este artículo se entregan nociones generales sobre las magistraturas romanas republicanas,
+-(=%+(2=%+182%'(-/,.-$%/&#(+4+(2%.%2,-.*+,12%+(2#)4/-+(6(+-(1/&12%/(+4+(M.1/21M%=-+(N4/21#/-+'(M%.%(
luego enmarcarlas dentro de las fuentes de producción del Derecho. Se concluye que el régimen
republicano trajo consigo cambios esenciales en el ámbito político, pues el poder antes concentrado
-/(=%(8$4.%(&-=(.-6(M%+<(%(+-.(-P-.21&#(M#.(4/%(+-.1-(&-(214&%&%/#+(&-/#)1/%&#+()%$1+,.%&#+'(Q41--
/-+(2#/(-=(M%+#(&-=(,1-)M#(2#)1-/T%/(%(,-/-.(2#)M-,-/21%+(-+M-2*82%+(-/(=%(%&)1/1+,.%21</(&-(=%(
ciudad. Para la formación del derecho son importantes, como fuentes de producción, los cónsules,
=#+(M.-,#.-+(6(=#+(-&1=-+V(=#+(Q4-(N4-.%/(>#6(=#+(M#&-.-+(=-$1+=%,1;#(6(P4&121%=(&-=(W+,%&#(X#&-./#?(W=(
resto lleva a cabo labores administrativas y policiales, propias hoy del poder ejecutivo. Las magis-
traturas permiten un ejercicio del poder más equilibrado, y quizás más justo, en comparación a la
organización Monárquica y al Principado.

Términos clave: Magistrados - Magistraturas romanas - Potestas

Abstract
]>1+(%.,12=-(M.#;1&-+(4+(^1,>($-/-.%=(/#,1#/+'(%(2=%++182%,1#/(%/&(2#))#/(2>%.%2,-.1+,12+(#N(,>-(
Republican Roman Magistracies. The author refers to their principal functions and then frames them
^1,>1/(,>-(M.#&42,1#/(+#4.2-+(#N(k%^?(E,(1+(2#/2=4&-&(,>%,(,>-(w-M4"=12%/(.-$1)-(".#4$>,(%"#4,(-+-
+-/,1%=(2>%/$-+(1/(,>-(M#=1,12%=(8-=&("-2%4+-(M#^-.'(,>-/(2#/2-/,.%,-&(1/(,>-(8$4.-(#N(,>-(x1/$'(^%+(
=%,-.(-{-.21+-&("6(%($.#4M(#N(21,1T-/+(2%==-&(X%$1+,.%,-+(^>#'(%+(,1)-(^-/,("6'(+,%.,-&(,#(>%;-(+M-2182(
2#)M-,-/2-+(1/(,>-(%&)1/1+,.%,1#/(#N(,>-(21,6?(|#.(,>-(N#.)%,1#/(#N(=%^'(%/&(%+(M.#&42,1#/(+#4.2-+'(
2#/+4=+'()%$1+,.%,-+(%/&(%=&-.)-/(^-.-(.-%==6(1)M#.,%/,V(-Q41;%=-/,(,#(X#&-./(},%,-C+(=-$1+=%,1;-(
%/&(P4&121%=(M#^-.+(#N(,#&%6?(]>-(.-+,(^-.-(1/(2>%.$-(#N(%&)1/1+,.%,1;-(%/&(M#=12-(^#.~'(1/(,>-(>%/&+(
#N( ,#&%6C+( -{-24,1;-( M#^-.?( X%$1+,.%21-+( %==#^-&( %( )#.-( "%=%/2-&( %/&( M-.>%M+( N%1.-.( -{-.21+-( #N(
M#^-.'(2#)M%.-&(,#(,>-(X#/%.2>1+,(#.$%/1T%,1#/(%/&(,>-(7.1/21M%=1,6?

1 Monografía presentada para aprobar el curso Derecho Público Romano, dictado por el Dr. Francisco Samper,
&-/,.#(&-=(M.#$.%)%(&-(&#2,#.%&#(-/(@-.-2>#(1)M%.,1&#(M#.(=%(7#/,1821%(:/1;-.+1&%&(0%,<=12%(&-(0>1=-'(+-$4/&#(
semestre académico 2007.

TRADICIÓN Y SABER 95