Smart Grid: Enabling Energy Efficiency

Dr. Omar Abdul-Hamid

Manager, Consulting Services Dept.
Saudi Aramco December 9, 2012
© Copyright 2012, Saudi Aramco. All rights reserved.
The Power Sector Globally Transforming
into Smart Grid
Sensors … Two Way Communication ...

Information Management ... Intelligence

Electrical Infrastructure

“Intelligence Infrastructure”
 Contents

Background

Energy Efficiency Levers

Saudi Aramco Pilot Projects

Path Forward
 Contents

Background

Energy Efficiency Levers

Saudi Aramco Pilot Projects

Path Forward
 Saudi Arabia Energy Trend

9000
Saudi Primary Energy Consumption (MBDoe)

8000 19000

7000 17000

6000

Energy Intensity (Btu/GDP)

15000
5000
13000
4000
3000 11000

2000 9000
1000
7000
0
2008 2013 2018 2023 2028

National Energy Challenges:

 High Energy Demand
 Low Energy Efficiency
 Kingdom’s Energy Intensity

The Kingdom’s energy intensity has grown by 50%

since 1985, in contrast to the rest of the world
 National Energy Consumption Profile

 Increasing Energy Demand Per Capita

 SA Energy Consumption by Sector
6%

1440 MBDoe 40% 53%

Residential
Utilities

12%
Saudi 405 11% Governmental
Aramco 12%
585 17% Industrial

3.5 11%
600 19% Commercial
MMBDoe Transportation
consumed
in KSA
140 4%
6%
60 2% Other

230
Primary Energy
7% Secondary Energy
Feedstock
National Demand Consumption Profile

Generation capacity
GW

+150%

2010 Capacity 2030

additions

SOURCE: SEC; ECRA and Fichtner Study

 National Energy Consumption Profile
 Residential Buildings accounts for major
power demand
 High consumption in HVAC due to KSA
weather conditions

70%
consumed
by HVAC

Source: Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) 2009

 Contents

Background

Energy Efficiency Levers

Saudi Aramco Pilot Projects

Path Forward
 Energy Efficiency Levers
Supply side:

• Increase in Power Plant Efficiency

• Conventional fuel mix optimization

• Renewable Integration

Demand Side:

• Demand Side Management

 Renewable Integration

Challenges:
Solar Output

 Intermittency
 Storage
 Others

Source: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. (SEI) -2001

 Demand Side Management

Demand Side Management

Energy Efficiency Demand Response

Dispatchable Non-Dispatchable

Reliability Economic Dynamic Pricing

Capacity Energy Reserves Regulation

 Volt/VAR Optimization

 “CVR can save utilities up to 4%  More effective on residential circuits

in up-front energy costs,” DOE during peak loads 1% voltage reduction
= 1% energy savings

Source: EPRI
 Volt/VAR Optimization Technologies

Smart Distribution Equipment

Automated Voltage Regulator

Distribution
Management
System

Smart Meters
 Demand Response

 Manage unsustainable trends in KSA peak demand growth (6% per year)

Source: ECRA
KSA DSM Potential

W/O DSM

W/DSM

Peak demand - 14% by 2021

Energy consumption - 8% by 2021

Source: ECRA
 Demand Response

Demand Response

Dispatchable Non-Dispatchable

Reliability Economic Dynamic Pricing

Capacity Energy Reserves Regulation Energy Prices

• Direct Load • Emergency • Spinning • Demand • Time of Use
Control • Balancing • Non-Spinning Bidding & Buy- (TOU)
• Interruptible Energy Back • Critical Peak
Load • Day-Ahead Pricing (CPP)
• CPP w/Control • Real-Time • Real Time
• Load as a Pricing (PTR)
capacity • Others
 Demand Response Technologies

 Advanced Metering Infrastructure In-home Displays can promote

(AMI) energy conservation 2-18%
• Smart Meters
• Enables access to pricing
information and greater control over
energy use and bills
 Home Automation Systems
• Home Area Networks/Programmable
Communicating Thermostats (PCTs)
• PCT-based direct load control
• in-home displays, smart thermostats
and customer portals
 Auto-DR for Commercial Building
and Factories

 Storage Technologies

Source: The Brattle Group

 Smart Metering

 AMI (smart meters)

Intelligent solutions are all over the world

Source: ECRA, CESI & ATKearney, 2012

 Learning Thermostats

 Learns (self-teaching) households patterns

and programming itself.
 Generate a setback schedule that suits
their daily routines.
 Calculate in real time the time needed your
heater or your air conditioning unit to reach
a given target temperature based on past
performance.
 Simulation estimated an average savings
of 20% per device with a good schedule.
 Wi-Fi networking and tasteful apps enable
control and monitor device from afar and w/
weather aware.

THE LEAF
 Pilot: Smart Thermostat + Smart Meter

 Maintains homeowner desired comfort level

while optimizing energy by pre-cooling or pre-
heating in response to forecasted weather
and demand-response events.
 Provides accurate insight and forecasts into
total demand-response capacity up to 12 to
16 hours ahead of time.
 Demonstrated an average 2X energy
savings; or 13.8% savings compared to 6%
savings for the average 2°F setback used.
 Removed on average 1.20 kW of peak load
activated within an hour’s notice of the
demand response event. Source: Earth Networks
 Contents

Background

Efficiency Levers

Saudi Aramco Pilot Projects

Path Forward
 Saudi Aramco Solar Projects

North Park Office PV KAPSARC Project ~4

KAUST PV – 2 MW
Project – 10 MW MW
 Saudi Aramco Solar Projects

Planned Projects:

 50 MW PV

 Two 50 MW each Wind Energy

 10 MW CSP

 1 MW CPV
 Saudi Aramco Pilot Smart Community
Solar
Network Operations Center
Solar Integration Demand Response

Solar Management Street

Lighting
NOC Solar

Data
Center

Distribution Automation
Advanced Metering
Grid Monitoring & Storage
infrastructure
 Contents

Background

Efficiency Levers

Saudi Aramco Pilot Projects

Path Forward
 Path Forward

 Saudi Arabia is faced with alarming energy demand growth in future due to
residential and industrial expansion.

 Smart Grid applications can give the capability to drive efficient power
generation and to encourage renewable applications at both the suppliers’
and end-users sides.

 Open standards and interoperability need to be resolved to deploy large –

scale installations.

 Smart Grid strategy will help to make the transition gradual and in line with a
national effort to synergize the initiatives, standardize the applications and
overcome the expected challenges.

 Saudi Arabia envisioned as a center for new technologies pioneer to service

and market to GCC and others.
Thank You