ABSTRACT

This project deals with the Analysis and Design of connections of the steel structure.
The steel frame is analysed using STAAD Pro software and the member design is carried out.
The structure is analysed as per Indian code provisions. The dead, live and wind load
calculations are performed as per IS code provisions. The output from the STAAD Pro is
used for the connection design. The connections of the members are done using “RAM
CONNECTION” software. Finally the connection design procedure is compared with AISC

LRFD, BS and IS standards.

Keywords-Steel, Connection, STAAD PRO, RAM,ASCI,BS

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 CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
ABSTRACT ii
CONTENTS iii
LIST OF TABLES v
LIST OF GRAPHS vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii
ABBREVIATION
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL 1
1.2 BOLTED CONNECTION 2
1.2.1 CONNECTION CLASSIFICATION 2
1.3 WELDING AND WELDED CONNECTIONS 5
1.3.1 TYPES OF JOINTS AND WELDS 5
1.4 BEAM – COLUMN CONNECTIONS 7
1.4.1 CONNECTION CLASSIFICATION 7
CHAPTER 2 OVERVIEW OF THE THESIS
2.1 SCOPE 9
2.2 METHODOLOGY 9
2.3 TYPES OF CONNECTION 9
2.4 SOFTWARE USED 10
2.4.1 STADD PRO 10
2.4.2 RAM CONNECTION 9
CHAPTER 3 LITERATURE REVIEW 14
CHAPTER 4 LOAD CALCULATION
4.1 GENERAL 15
4.2 DEAD LOAD AND LIVE LOAD CALCULATION 16
4.3 WIND LOAD CALCULATION 21
4.4 SEISMIC LOAD CALCULATION 32
4.5 LOAD COMBINATIONS 33
CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
5.1 VIEWS 36
5.4 ANALYSIS 41
5.5 DESIGN 42
5.6 DEFLECTION RESULTS 90
CHAPTER 6 DESIGN OF CONNECTIONS
6.1 CONNECTION DESIGN AS PER IS METHOD 92
6.1.1 BEAM TO COLUMN MOMENT CONNECTION 93
6.1.2 SHEAR CONNECTION 123
6.1.2.1 BEAM TO BEAM SHEAR CONNECTION 124

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 6.1.2.2 BEAM TO COLUMN SHEAR
CONNECTION 141
6.2 CONNECTION DESIGN AS PER AISC METHOD 170
6.3 CONNECTION DESIGN AS PER BS CODE 179
CHAPTER 7 RESULTS AND DISCUSION 186
7.1 RESULT 186
REFERENCES 188

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 LIST OF TABLES
1.4.1 CONNECTION CLASSIFICATION LIMIT 8
2.1.3 FLOOR LOAD CALCULATION 17
2.1.3 CALCULATION OF LIVE LOAD ON FLOOR 18
2.2.2 CALCULATION OF EQUIPMENT LOAD 20
4.3.1 WIND LOAD CALCULATION 27
4.3.2 WIND LOAD PURLINE 30
5.4.1 ANALYSIS RESULT OF BEAM 41
5.4.2 ANALYSIS RESULT OF REACTION OF NODE 41
5.5.1 DESIGN RESULT OF MEMBERS 89
5.6.1 DEFLECTION RESULT 90
COMPARING STRENGTH AND SHEAR RATIO FOR VARIOUS
6.1 CODE 179

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 LIST OF GRAPHS
6.1 COMPARING STRENGTH RATIO FOR 184
VARIOUS CODE
6.2 COMPARING BOLT SHEAR RATIO FOR 185
VARIOUS CODE

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 LIST OF FIGURES
1.1 CONCENTRIC CONNECTIONS 3
1.2 MOMENT CONNECTIONS 3
1.3 SHEAR CONNECTIONS 4
1.4 MOMENT-ROTATION RELATIONSHIPS FOR 7
CONNECTIONS
5.2 SIDE VIEW 36
5.3 ELEVATION 36
5.4 RENDERED VIEW 37
5.5 3D RENDERED VIEW 38
5.6 LOADING DIAGRAM 39
5.7 BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM(FRONT VIEW) 39
5.8 BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM(LEFT SIDE VIEW) 40
5.9 BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM(RIGHT SIDE VIEW) 40
6.2.1 MOMENT CONNECTIONS AS PER AISC 176

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 NOTATIONS

A : Column cross-sectional area

Ab : Nominal bolt area
Ag : Gross area
An : Net area
Aw : Effective area of the weld
bcf : Width of column flange
bfb : Beam flange breadth
bp : Plate width
N : Bearing length
C2 : Edge distance increment
C : Vertical bolt spacing
D : Nominal bolt diameter
dbmax : Maximum bolt diameter
dh : Nominal hole dimension
d : Beam depth
dc : Column depth
D : Number of sixteenths of an inch in the weld size
E : Elastic modulus
FEXX : Electrode classification number
Fnv : Nominal shear stress
Fu : Specified minimum tensile strength
Fup : Specified minimum tensile strength of the plate
Fw : Nominal strength of the weld metal per unit area
Fy : Specified minimum yield stress
Fyc : Specified minimum yield stress of column material
Fyp : Specified minimum yield stress of plate
Fyw : Specified minimum yield stress of web
G : Transversal gage between bolts
gmax : Maximum bolt gage

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gmin : Minimum bolt gage
h0 : Distance from the centerline of a compression flange to the
tension side outer bolt row
h0 : Distance from the centerline of the beam compression flange to
the centerline of the 0 tension bolt row
h1 : Distance from the centerline of a compression flange to the
tension side inner bolt rows
h1 : Distance from the centerline of the beam compression flange to
the centerline of the 1 tension bolt row
k1 : Bearing factor
k1c : Distance from column web centerline to flange toe of fillet
k2 : Bearing factor
k : Outside corner radius
Lc-end : Clear distance
Le : Edge distance
Lemax : Maximum edge distance
Lemin : Minimum edge distance
Lev : Vertical edge distance
Lh : Hole dimension for tension and shear net area
Lp : Plate length
L : Length of weld
Mn : Nominal moment
Mnp : No prying moment
Mpl : End plate or column flange flexural strength
edmin : Minimum edge distance
n : Bolts rows number
N : Bearing length
nc : Number of bolt columns
Pc : Available axial compressive strength
pf0 : Distance from the inside of a beam tension flange to the nearest
outside bolt row

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pfi : Distance from the inside of a beam tension flange to the nearest
inside bolt row
pfmin : Minimum distance from the inside of a beam tension flange to
the nearest inside bolt row
Pr : Required axial stress
Pt : Bolt tensile strength
F : Design factors
fb : Design factor for bending
fMn : Design or allowable strength
fRn : Design or allowable strength
fRn : Design or allowable strength per unit length
fRw : Fillet weld capacity per unit length
s : Distance from the most inside or outside tension bolt row to the
edge of a yield line
smin : Minimum spacing
s : Longitudinal bolt spacing
Lc-spa : Distance between adjacent holes edges
tp : Thickness of the connected material
tbf : Thickness of the flange
tcf : Thickness of the column flange
tf : Thickness of the loaded flange
tfcreq : Required column flange thickness
tp : Plate thickness
tw : Web thickness
twb : Thickness of beam web
q : Load angle
wmin : Minimum weld size required
w : Weld size
Yc : Column yield line mechanism parameter
Yp : Yield line mechanism parameter