Pharmacology Lab 2

Drugs effect on the heart

.‫رهف القرزعي‬
.‫يسرى الدغيشم‬
Revised by :Dr.Soha .‫شروق العليان‬
 :‫السؤال بيكون‬
Identify the unknown, mention its mechanism, site of action of the unknown and
blocker, and the type of receptors they act on

‫ ممكن يطلب ر‬unknown‫ف ال‬

‫أكث من مثال فالزم عىل األقل تكون عارف مثالي‬ ‫ي‬
 Stimulant unknown

Receptor Agonist Blocker

- Adrenaline (b and a)
Adrenergic (b1) - NE (b1 and a) - propranolol (b1, b2)
activation of adenyl cyclase
→↑ cAMP
- Isoprenaline (b1,2) - Atenolol (selective b1)
- Dobutamine (b1)
Histamine (H2)
Histamine Cimetidine
As b agonists

- Digoxin: inhibits Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase

Direct stimulant
- Xanthines: # PDE↑ cAMP
 b 1 Rc‫ لما سويت بلوك ل‬stimulation ‫ما صار يسوي‬

Unknown: Adrenergic (b1) agonist,

as Adrenaline (b and a) OR NE (b1 and a)

↑ cAMP↑ HR, conduction & force of contraction

 Unknown: H2 Rc agonist, as Histamine

↑ cAMP ↑ HR, conduction & force of contraction

 Unknown: a direct stimulant, as digoxin
OR Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor; PDI (e.g. caffeine)

Both increase force of contraction

To differentiate: digoxin decrease HR while PDI increase HR

 Inhibitory unknown

Receptor Agonist Blocker

Ganglion blocker:
Nicotinic (Nn( -Nicotine small dose (NSD)
-Depolarizing: NLD
in para-sympathetic -Lobeline small dose (LSD)
- Competitive: mecamylamine
ganglia ↑ Release of Ach↓ cAMP
or chlorisondamine
Acetylcholine, Methacholine
Muscarinic (M2 (
↓ Heart rate Atropine
In heart muscle
↓ AV conduction

-Antiarrhythmic; procainamide
Direct depressant inhibits Na⁺ channel blocker
- Verapamil (CCB)
 Unknown: Nicotine small dose OR Lobeline small dose (LSD)

Act on Nn Rc ↑ Release of Ach↓ cAMP▼HR & conduction

Nicotine small dose (NSD) —> act on Nn Rc and induce cardiac inhibition
Nicotine large dose (NLD)—> block Nn Rc but at first it will cause initial(cardiac inhibition) followed by
blocking. So it’s called (Depolarizing blocker)

‫***الزم تحدد باالجابه سمول وال الرج‬

Unknown: M Rc agonist, as Ach OR Methacholine

↓ Heart rate + ↓ AV conduction

 NLD ‫بعد ال‬cardiac inhibition ‫بما انه ما زال يسوي‬
Nn Rc ‫أستبعد انه يشتغل عىل ال‬

atropine‫بعد ال‬cardiac inhibition ‫بما انه ما زال يسوي‬

M2 Rc ‫أستبعد انه يشتغل عىل ال‬

direct cardiac inhibition ‫يعن الدواء يسوي‬

‫ي‬

so unknown either: Calcium channel blocker as verapamil, diltiazem

OR Na⁺ channel blocker as Procainamide
Thank you