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Title Smart High-Voltage Circuit Breaker for Smart Grid Relay Coordination Analysis and
Protection

2. Team Members 1. Sheikh Asif Imran Shouborno ID: 1506042

(Authors) 2. Raihan Ali ID: 1506043
3. Naveed Ishraq ID: 1506044
4. Rayhan Hayther Samrat ID: 1506045
5. Talha Ibn Mahmud ID: 1506046
6. Sifat Munim ID: 1506047
7. Atik Jawad ID: 1506048
8. Sonjoy Kumar Pramanik ID: 1506049

3. Conflict of We have no conflict of interest to declare.

Interest
Statements
4. Abstract Introduction/Background:
Converting national grid into smart grid is a necessity given the rising demand for
power and the novel systems continually being introduced to the old grid.
However, an important aspect of ensuring continuity of energy is intelligent
switching. Developing a smart circuit breaker for smart grid can help us
understand protection advantages, too.
Objectives:
 To study short-circuit and overcurrent fault and developing a circuit breaker to
better avert them
 To study smart grid structure and smart circuit breaker mechanisms developed by
us and employ them in various situations that can arise in a realizable distribution
system to test the reliability of intelligent circuit breaking
Methods:
In MATLAB/Simulink, we would convert a familiar test feeder to suit smart grid
structure and add a distribution generation unit to it. Afterwards, we would test
various power system faults and how our smart circuit breaker deals with them.
Keywords:
Power distribution test feeder, relay coordination, overpower protection, short-
circuit protection, smart grid, phase control technology, intelligent operation
5. Introduction, Growing complexity of conventional power grids and their management, increasing power
Review of demand and energy quality expectations considering grid reliability, and efficiency and
Literature and security concerns have triggered the evolution of smart grids. On the other hand, circuit
Background breakers have been playing a critical electrical apparatus role to control and protect
power equipment including power transmission lines for high-voltage power systems
during faults. It has become even more essential for smart grid applications even during
normal operations: the smart grid needs to break or make rated current more frequently
besides the function of fault protection. For examples, optimal transmission switching is
able to cut the generation costs greatly based on optimal power flow analysis.
Detailed review on smart grid and circuit breakers has been skipped in this section since
studying the literature and understanding the concepts is a part of our goal. In this
section, we would like to discuss the influence or motivations that led us to select this
project. Firstly, while reading nonfiction books, we stumbled upon Bill Gates’ suggestion
to all people to read a book on smart grid. In layman’s term, the author explained how the
present distribution system is on the verge of being obsolete given the increase in
demand and newer mechanisms being introduced in old shell. Distribution systems need
to be intelligent. We also heard about Smart SCADA while working on IoT-based Single
Phase AC Motor Speed Control project last term. All these thoughts added up to one
motivation: switching system has to be redesigned to suit with the need of the future.
Otherwise, without smart circuit breakers for smart grid, renewable energy or any other

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 new systems cannot be introduced to mass distribution system. Hence, along with the
help of our sense of programming and basic microcontrollers, we would like to study the
methods suggested in various recent papers, and apply them to a standardized test
feeder.

Test Feeder:
Under the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources and new smart network
technologies, distribution utilities face new challenges and opportunities to ensure reliable
operations, manage service quality, and reduce operational and investment costs.
Simultaneously, the research community is developing algorithms for advanced controls
and distribution automation that can help to address some of these challenges. In recent
decades, several distribution test feeders and US-featured representative networks have
been published, although the scale, complexity, and control data vary widely.

6. Objectives: Project Aim:

Hypothesis, IEEE 13-node test feeder (explained in section 7) can be modified to suit smart grid
Primary and structure with only two new lines. One of our objectives is to understand smart grid
Secondary structure and how to implement it. However, understanding switching or circuit breakers
Questions, and how smart switching can be achieved is also one of our aims.
Project Aim
Hypothesis:
If smart high-voltage circuit breaking algorithm is applied, distribution system would be
more reliable.

Primary Questions:
1. How can we enforce and verify short-circuit protection system in smart grid?
2. How can we enforce and verify overcurrent protection system in smart grid?
3. What measures should we take to ensure a more reliable distribution system and
continuity of energy?

Secondary Questions:
1. How can smart grid structure be achieved from IEEE 13-node test feeder?
2. Are smart circuit breakers feasible considering the reliability advantage?

7. Methods and Study/Project Design:

Materials  We would use MATLAB / Simulink R2017b for utilizing publicly available IEEE 13-
node test feeder.
 We would implement the control algorithm required for smart circuit breakers.
 We would design a distribution generation unit realizing the protection concept of
smart grids given that two-way power flow can ensue.
 This is an educational development project. Hence, we would prioritize
verification of earlier findings in newer conditions. Our objective, as stated in
section 6, is not to develop a groundbreaking theory concerning smart circuit
breakers, but to rather test it in our developed environment, along with
developing the system and circuit breaking algorithm on our own for educational
purposes only. We are guided by publications in various journals.
Materials:
IEEE 13-node test feeder:
There are 9 consumers / loads. Peak load is 3.6 MVA. Primary voltage is 4.16 kV.
It realizes a 2.5 km long feeder. However, there is no distribution generation unit.
This has to be added to the system separately.
Outcome Measures:
We would apply short circuit fault to some lines in the 13-node feeder, and study
how our system deals with the problem. Again, we would employ various amount
of overcurrent and realize time delay advantage. Study of further fault analysis

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Smart Circuit Breaker for Smart Grid
 and protection against it via our circuit breaker algorithm would provide insight on
the reliability of our system.
Data Collection and Analysis:
We might require a separate power system simulation software, or PSAF, to
collect some data. As far the analysis is concerned, we would assess various
factors required to analyze load characteristics or power flow of the system.
Sample Size:
We expect to test at least two faults and a number of delay operations to
understand how our system enables continuity of energy.
8. Ethics Not applicable
Approval
9. Project Below goes a rough estimation of our timeline as proposed.
Timeline 5th Academic Week: Project proposal submission
6th Academic Week: Studying the literature
7th Academic Week: Converting IEEE 13-node test feeder to smart grid structure and
designing distribution generation unit
8th-9th Academic Week: Implementing smart circuit breaker algorithm
10th Academic Week: Testing short-circuit and overcurrent fault protection under various
conditions both raised or averted in the previous works
11th Academic Week: Debugging the system developed so far
12th or 13th Academic Week: Project demonstration and presentation speech
13th or 14th Academic Week: Project report or paper representation

10. Project Budget Not applicable

11. Potential In Bangladesh, deploying large-scale renewable energy plants has not been planned in
Impact near future (within a few years). However, nuclear plants and other plants employing
newer methods have been planned to be embedded in national grid. As our national
demand is shooting higher, it is believable that the need to build renewable, feasible and
sustainable power system solutions would rapidly increase. Hence, we would also
implement smart grid structure, along with intelligent switching via smart circuit breakers.
As Bangladesh goes greener, our study of recent switching improvements might
academically assist future researchers of our country.

12. Future Plans 1. Use IEEE 34-node, 37-node, 4-node, and 123-node test feeders for smart circuit
breaking realization for smart grid.
2. Analyzing load flow of BUET via simulating a converted variation of its distribution
system to fit our developed intelligent system.

13. References 1. Mehmet Tan TURAN, Erdin GOKALP. Relay coordination analysis and protection
solutions for smart grid distribution systems. Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci. 2016
Feb; 24: 474-482
2. Jun Liu, Garng M. Huang, Zhiying Ma, Yingsan Geng. A Novel Smart High-
Voltage Circuit Breaker for Smart Grid Applications. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON
SMART GRID. 2011 Jun; 2(2): 254-264

14. Attachments Not applicable

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Smart Circuit Breaker for Smart Grid