CHAPTER 3: Preliminary Analysis and Design

Calculations
Map Showing Location of Site to the Nearest Fault Line

MEMBER LOAD CALCULATIONS

DEAD LOADS
MATERIAL DENSITY kN/m3
Concrete, reinforced
23.6
Stone, including gravel
Mortar, cement or lime 20.4
COMPONENT LOAD kPa
Ceilings
Suspended metal lath and
0.48
gypsum plaster
Floor and Floor Finishes
Solid flat tile on 25-mm mortar
1.10
base
 CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS
Hollow Concrete Masonry Units Unplastered. Add 0.24 kPa for each face plastered.
Grout Spacing Wythe thickness (mm)
100 150 200
3
21.2-kN/m Density of Units
Full 2.84 2.97 3.97
NSCP Section 204.3 Table 204-1 and Table 204-2

LIVE LOADS
Use or Occupancy Uniform Load 1 Concentrated Load
Category Description kPa kN
15. Residential 8 Basic floor area 1.9 06
9
16. Restrooms -- -- --
NSCP Section 205.3.2 Table 205-1
Notes for Table 205-1
1. See section 205.5 live load reductions.
6. Individual stair treads shall be designed to support a 1.3 N concentrated load placed in a position
that would cause maximum stress. Stair stringers may be designed for the uniform load set forth in the
table.
8. Residential occupancies include private dwellings, apartments and hotel guest rooms.
9. Restroom loads shall be not less than the load for the occupancy with which they are associated, but
need not exceed 2.4 kPa.

SEISMIC FORCES CRITERIA

OCCUPANCY CATEGORY
IV Standard Occupancies
Structures
Seismic Criteria
OCCUPANCY OR FUNCTIONS OF STRUCTURE
All structures housing occupancies or having functions not listed in
Category I, II or III and Category V.
NSCP Section 103 Table 103-1

Occupancy Category 1 Seismic Importance Factor, I Seismic Importance 2 Factor, Ip

IV. Standard Occupancy
1.00 1.00
Structures
NSCP Section 208.4.2 Table 208-1
 Average Soil Properties for Top 30m of Soil Profile
Soil Profile
Undrained Shear
Soil Profile Type Name / Generic Shear Wave SPT, N
Strength, Su
Description Velocity, Vs (m/s) (blows/300mm)
(kPa)
SD Stiff Soil Profile 180 to 360 15 to 50 50 to 100
NSCP Section 208.4.3.1 Table 208-2

Exception:
When the soil properties are not known in sufficient detail to determine the soil profile type, Type SD
shall be used. (NSCP Section 208.4.3)
ZONE 2 4
Z 0.20 0.40
NSCP Section 208.4.4.1 Table 208-3 & Figure 208-1
Seismic Source Definitions
Seismic Source Type Seismic Source Description Maximum Moment
Magnitude, M
Faults that are capable of
producing large magnitude
A 7.0 ≤ M ≤ 8.4
events and that have a high rate
of seismic activity
NSCP Section 208.4.4.2 Table 208-4
The West Fault is capable of producing large scale earthquakes on its active phases with a magnitude of
7 or higher.[1]
1. "'Big One' Is Possible But Metro Is Unprepared". Quezon City, Philippines: Bulatlat. 14 August 2004. Retrieved 3
February 2010. If a major earthquake were to hit Metro Manila today, the devastation would be so big even disaster response
authorities cannot simply cope with it. And it even looks like disaster preparedness occupies a low priority among officials
down to the municipal level.”

Near Source Factor Na 1

Closest Distance To Known Seismic Source2
Seismic Source Type
≤ 5 km ≥ 10 km
A 1.2 1.0
NSCP Section 208.4.4.3 Table 208-5
Near Source Factor Nv 1
Closest Distance To Known Seismic Source2
Seismic Source Type
5 km 10 km
A 1.6 1.2
NSCP Section 208.4.4.3 Table 208-6
Notes for Tables 208.5 and 208.6:
1. The Near-Source Factor may be based on the linear interpolation of values for distances other
than those shown in the table.
Computations:
10 − 5 1 − 1.2
= ; 𝑵𝒂 = 1.12
7−5 𝑁𝑎 − 1.2
10 − 5 1.2 − 1.6
= ; 𝑵 = 1.44
7−5 𝑁𝑣 − 1.6 𝒗
Seismic Coefficient, Ca
Seismic Zone Z
Soil Profile Type
Z = 0.4
SD 0.44Na
NSCP Section 208.4.4.4 Table 208-7
Seismic Coefficient, Cv
Seismic Zone Z
Soil Profile Type
Z = 0.4
SD 0.64Nv
NSCP Section 208.4.4.4 Table 208-8
Computations:
𝐶𝒂 = 0.44(1.12); 𝑪𝒂 = 0.4928
𝐶𝑣 = 0.64(1.44); 𝑪𝒗 = 0.9216

Earthquake-Force-Resisting Structural Systems of Concrete

System Limitation and Building
Basic Seismic-Force Resisting Height Limitation by Seismic Zone,
R 𝜴𝑶
System m
Zone 2 Zone 4
C. Moment-Resisting Frame System
 Special Reinforced concrete
8.5 2.8 NL NL
moment frames
NSCP 208.7.2.3 Table 208-11A
𝟑⁄
𝑻 = 𝑪𝒕 (𝒉𝒏 ) 𝟒
NSCP 208.5.2.2 (208-12)
Computations:
3
𝑻 = 0.0731(16)4 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟖𝟒𝟖
Where:
𝑪𝒕 = 0.0731 for reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames and eccentrically braced frames

PARAMETERS
I 1.00
Z 0.4
Nv 1.44
Cv 0.9216
Na 1.12
Ca 0.4928
R 8.5
Ct 0.0731
Hn 16
T 0.5848 s
Ft 0
W 38215.11

Ft need not exceed 0.25V and may be considered as zero where T is 0.7 or less.
(NSCP Section 208.5.2.3)

Summary of Member Weight

Beams

L L L L L Acs Total DL of Beams

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (𝒎𝟐 ) Volume (kN)
(𝒎𝟑 )
27 21 7 6 5
Number of Beams 0.175 61.6 1478.4
4 8 6 4 2

Computations:
For Beams
DL = [L1 (4) + L2 (8) + L3 (6) + L4 (4) + L5 (2)] (Acs)(γ)
DL = [(27)(4) + (21)(8) + (7)(6) + (6)(4) + (5)(2)](0.175)(24)
DL = 1478.4 kN
 Columns

h Acs Total Volume DL of Columns

(m) (𝒎𝟐 ) (𝒎𝟑 ) (kN)
COLUMN 2.450 0.3025
22.23375 533.61
Number of Columns 30

Computations:
DL = (30)(h)(Acs)(γ)
DL = (30)(2.45)(0.3025)(24)
DL = 533.61 kN

Slabs

h Acs DL of Slab
(m) (𝒎𝟐 ) (kN)
Slab 0.250 567 3402

Computations:
DL = (h)(Acs)(γ)
DL = (0.25)(567)(24)
DL = 3402 kN

Walls

Exterior Wall Interior Wall Fire Wall Total DL for Wall

Density 24.17 24.040 25.17
Volume 17.64 6.4925 33.32
1422.1289
Plaster 0.48
Area 0.72 0.3975 1.02

Computations:
DL = ρertVext + ρintVint + ρFWVFW + 0.48(Aext + Aint + AFW)
DL = (24.17)(17.64) + (6.4925)(24.04) + (25.17)(33.32) + (0.48)(0.72 + 0.3975 + 1.02)
DL = 1422.1289 kN
 Ceilings

Ceiling DL of Ceiling
(kN)
Area 567
272.16
kN/𝒎𝟐 0.48

Computations:
DL = A(ρ)
DL = (567)(0.48)
DL = 272.16 kN

Floorings

FLOORING DL of Flooring
(kN)
Area 567
912.87
DL/sq.m 1.61

Computations:
DL = A(ρ)
DL = (567)(1.61)
DL = 912.87 kN
Vertical Distributed Load

Storey wx hi hx wx*hx Wi*Hi wx*hx /Wi*Hi Fx

1st 8021.17 3.2 3.2 25667.74 0.0724 400.75

2nd 8021.17 3.2 6.4 51335.48 0.1447 801.50

3rd 8021.17 3.2 9.6 77003.22 354764.28 0.2171 1202.25

4th 8021.17 3.2 12.8 102670.96 0.2894 1603.00

5th 6130.43 3.2 16 98086.87 0.2765 1531.43

Computations:
𝒙=𝟓

𝑾 = (∑ 𝑾𝒙)
𝒙=𝟏

1. 𝑾𝒙 = 𝑫𝑳𝒔𝒍𝒂𝒃 + 𝑫𝑳𝒇𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 + 𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒆𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 + 𝑫𝑳𝒃𝒆𝒂𝒎 + 𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏 + 𝑫𝑳𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍 = 𝟖𝟎𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟕 𝒌𝑵

2. 𝑾𝒙 = 𝑫𝑳𝒔𝒍𝒂𝒃 + 𝑫𝑳𝒇𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 + 𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒆𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 + 𝑫𝑳𝒃𝒆𝒂𝒎 + 𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏 + 𝑫𝑳𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍 = 𝟖𝟎𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟕 𝒌𝑵
3. 𝑾𝒙 = 𝑫𝑳𝒔𝒍𝒂𝒃 + 𝑫𝑳𝒇𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 + 𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒆𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 + 𝑫𝑳𝒃𝒆𝒂𝒎 + 𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏 + 𝑫𝑳𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍 = 𝟖𝟎𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟕 𝒌𝑵
4. 𝑾𝒙 = 𝑫𝑳𝒔𝒍𝒂𝒃 + 𝑫𝑳𝒇𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 + 𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒆𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 + 𝑫𝑳𝒃𝒆𝒂𝒎 + 𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏 + 𝑫𝑳𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍 = 𝟖𝟎𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟕 𝒌𝑵
𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒏𝒏 𝑫𝑳𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍
5. 𝑾𝒙 = 𝑫𝑳𝒔𝒍𝒂𝒃 + 𝑫𝑳𝒄𝒆𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 + 𝑫𝑳𝒃𝒆𝒂𝒎 + + = 𝟔𝟏𝟑𝟎. 𝟒𝟑 𝒌𝑵
𝟐 𝟐

𝑾 = 𝟒𝟑𝟓𝟎𝟕. 𝟖𝟒𝟒𝟓 𝒌𝑵

Solving for V
𝐂𝒗 𝑰
𝐕𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 = 𝑾 ; 𝐕𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 = 𝟕𝟎𝟖𝟓. 𝟏𝟖𝟔 𝒌𝑵
𝐑𝐓
NSCP Section 208.5.2.1 (208-8)

𝟐. 𝟓𝑪𝒂 𝑰
𝐕𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝑾 ; 𝐕𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟓𝟓𝟑𝟖. 𝟗𝟒𝟐 𝒌𝑵
𝑹
NSCP Section 208.5.2.1 (208-9)

𝐕𝒎𝒊𝒏𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝑪𝒂 𝑾 ; 𝐕𝒎𝒊𝒏𝟏 = 𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟏. 𝟓𝟔𝟒 𝒌𝑵

NSCP Section 208.5.2.1 (208-10)

𝟐. 𝟓𝐂𝒂 𝑰
𝐕𝒎𝒊𝒏𝟐 = 𝑾 ; 𝐕𝒎𝒊𝒏𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟏. 𝟕𝟎𝟖 𝒌𝑵
𝐑
NSCP Section 208.5.2.1 (208-11)
 Use 𝑽𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟓𝟓𝟑𝟖. 𝟗𝟒𝟐 kN

𝑾𝒊 𝑯𝒊 = ∑ 𝑾𝒙 𝑯𝒙

𝑾𝒊 𝑯𝒊 = 𝟐𝟓𝟔𝟔𝟕. 𝟕𝟒 + 𝟓𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝟖 + 𝟕𝟕𝟎𝟎𝟑. 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟕𝟎. 𝟗𝟔 + 𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟖𝟔. 𝟖𝟕

𝑾𝒊 𝑯𝒊 = 𝟑𝟓𝟒𝟕𝟔𝟒. 𝟐𝟖

𝑾𝒙 𝑯𝒙
1. ⁄𝑾 𝑯 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟐𝟒
𝒊 𝒊
𝑾𝒙 𝑯𝒙
2. ⁄𝑾 𝑯 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟒𝟒𝟕
𝒊 𝒊
𝑾𝒙 𝑯𝒙
3. ⁄𝑾 𝑯 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟏𝟕𝟏
𝒊 𝒊
𝑾𝒙 𝑯𝒙
4. ⁄𝑾 𝑯 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟖𝟗𝟒
𝒊 𝒊
𝑾𝒙 𝑯𝒙
5. ⁄𝑾 𝑯 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟕𝟔𝟓
𝒊 𝒊

𝑾𝒙 𝑯𝒙
∑ ⁄𝑾 𝑯 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟎
𝒊 𝒊

Vertical Distribution
(𝑽 − 𝑭𝒕)𝒘𝒙 𝒉𝒙
𝑭𝒙 =
∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏 𝒘𝒊 𝒉𝒊

NSCP Section 208.5.2.3 (208-17)

𝑭𝟏 = 6306.1(0.0724⁄354764.28) = 𝟒𝟎𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝒌𝑵

𝑭𝟐 = 6306.1(0.1447⁄354764.28) = 𝟖𝟎𝟏. 𝟓𝟎 𝒌𝑵

𝑭𝟑 = 6306.1(0.2171⁄354764.28) = 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟐. 𝟐𝟓 𝒌𝑵

𝑭𝟒 = 6306.1(0.2894⁄354764.28) = 𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟑. 𝟎𝟎 𝒌𝑵

𝑭𝟓 = 6306.1(0.2765⁄354764.28) = 𝟏𝟓𝟑𝟏. 𝟒𝟑 𝒌𝑵
 𝒏

𝑽 = 𝑭𝒕 + ∑ 𝑭𝒊
𝒊+𝟏

NSCP Section 208.5.2.3 (208-15)

𝑽 = 400.75 + 801.50 + 1202.25 + 1603.00+ 1531.43
𝑽 = 𝟓𝟓𝟑𝟖. 𝟗𝟒 𝒌𝑵