Mecánica de materiales

Carlos Eduardo Zuñiga Zuñiga

 3 ton/m

Ay=9 ton By=9 ton

Diagram a de cor tante " V" X

0
10
8 1
6 2
4 3
2 4
0 5
-2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6
-4
-6
-8
-10

Diadram a de m om ento " M"

16
X
0
14
1
12
2
10 3
8 4
6 5
4 6
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 V= 9-3x
9
6
3
0
-3
-6
-9

M=9x-1.5x²
0
7.5
12
13.5
12
7.5
0
 5 ton

Ay=2.5 ton By=2.5 ton

X
Diagrama de cortante "V" 0
3
1
2
2
3
1 4

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
X
-1
4
5
-2
6
-3 7
8

Diadram a de m om ento " M"

12
X
0
10 1
2
8
3
6 4
5
4
6
2 7
8
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 0 0
0 2.5
1 2.5
V= 2.5 2 2.5
2.5 3 2.5
2.5 4 2.5
2.5 4 0
2.5 4 -2.5
2.5 5 -2.5
6 -2.5
7 -2.5
V= 2.5-5 8 -2.5
-2.5 8 0
-2.5
-2.5
-2.5
-2.5

M=2.5x
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
7.5 M=2.5x-5(x-4)
5
2.5
0
 3 ton 4 ton

Ay=3.3 ton By=3.7 ton

DIAGRAMA DE CORTE "V"

4
3
2
1
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5

Diadram a de m om ento " M"

12

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
 X V= 3.3
0 3.3 0 0
1 3.3 0 3.3
2 3.3 1 3.3
3 3.3 2 3.3
X V= 0.3 3 3.3
3 0.3 3 0.3
4 0.3 4 0.3
5 0.3 5 0.3
6 0.3 6 0.3
7 0.3 7 0.3
X V= -3.7 7 -3.7
7 -3.7 8 -3.7
8 -3.7 9 -3.7
9 -3.7 10 -3.7
10 -3.7 10 0

X M=3.3x
0 0
1 3.3
2 6.6
3 9.9
4 10.2 M=3.3x-3(x-3)
5 10.5
6 10.8
7 11.1
8 7.4 M=3.3x-3(x-3)-4(x-7)
9 3.7
10 0
 2 ton/m

Ay=1 ton By=2 ton

DIAGRAMA DE CORTE "V"

1.5
1
0.5
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
-2.5

Diadram a de m om ento " M"

1.40
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
0 1 2 2 3
 0 1
1 0.667
2 -0.333
X V= 1-1/3x² 3 -2
0 1
1 0.66666667
2 -0.3333333
3 -2

X M=1x-1/9x³
0 0.00
1 0.89
1.73 1.15
2 1.11
3 0.00
4 ton/m 6 ton/m

Ay=14 ton By=16 ton

DIAGRAMA DE CORTE "V"

20

15

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
-5

-10

-15

-20

Diadram a de m om ento " M"

25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00

0.00
0 1 2 3 3.09 4 5 6
 X V= 14-4x-1/6x²
0 14.00 0 14
1 9.83 1 9.83333333
2 5.33 2 5.33333333
3 0.50 3 0.5
4 -4.67 4 -4.6666667
5 -10.17 5 -10.166667
6 -16.00 6 -16

X M=14x-2x²- 3/18x
0 0.00
1 11.94
2 19.56
3 22.50
3.09 22.52
4 20.44
5 13.06
6 0.00
 2 ton/m

Ay=3.5 ton By=0.5 ton

DIAGR AMA DE CORTE " V"

4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
-0.5
-1

Diadram a de m om ento " M"

3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0 1 1.75 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 X V= 3.5-2x
0 3.5
1 1.5 0 3.5
2 -0.5 1 1.5
X V= 3.5-4 2 -0.5
3 -0.5 3 -0.5
4 -0.5 4 -0.5
5 -0.5 5 -0.5
6 -0.5 6 -0.5
7 -0.5 7 -0.5
8 -0.5 8 -0.5

X M=-(x² -3.5x(
0 0
1 2.5
1.75 3.0625
2 3 M=3.5x-4(x-1)
3 2.5
4 2
5 1.5
6 1
7 0.5
8 0
 3 ton/m 6 ton

Ay=7.2 ton By=4.8 ton

DIAGRAMA DE CORTE "V"

8

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-2

-4

-6

Diadram a de m om ento " M"

12

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5
X V= 7.2-3x
0 7.2 0 0
X V= 1.2 0 7.2
1 1.2 1 1.2
2 1.2 2 1.2
3 1.2 3 1.2
X V= -4.8 3 -4.8
4 -4.8 4 -4.8
5 -4.8 5 -4.8
5 0

X M=7.2x-3/2x²
0 0
1 7.2 M=7.2x-6(x-1)
2 8.4
3 9.6
4 4.8 M=7.2x-6(x-5)-6(x-1)
5 0
2 ton 4 ton

By=10 ton

DIAGRAMA DE CORTANTE "V"

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

Diadrama de m om ento " M"

0
0 1 2 2.5 3 4 5

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25
20 ton/m

X V= -2
0 -2 0 0
1 -2 0 -2
2 -2 1 -2
X V= 3.5-4 2 -2
2.5 -2 2.5 -2
3 -6 2.5 -6
4 -6 3 -6
5 -6 4 -6
7 -0.5 5 -6
8 -0.5 5 0

X M=-2x
0 0
1 -2
2 -4
2.5 -5 M=-4(x-2.5)-2x
3 -8
4 -14
5 -20
4 ton/m 9 ton

9.5 ton/m

By=9 ton

DIAGRAMA DE CORTANTE "V"

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10

Diadrama de m om ento " M"

6
4
2
0
0 1 1.5 2 3
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
 X V= 0
0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
1.5 0 1 0
X V= -9 1.5 0
1.5 -9 1.5 -9
2 -9 2 -9
3 -9 3 -9
5 -6 3 0

X M=4
0 4
1 4
1.5 4
2 -0.5 M=4-9(x-1.5)
3 -9.5
 2 ton/m 6 ton/m

10 ton/m

Ay=4 ton

DIAGRAMA DE CORTE "V"

4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

Diadrama de m om ento "M"

0.00
0 1 2
-2.00

-4.00

-6.00

-8.00

-10.00

-12.00
X V= 4-2x
0 4.00 0 4
1 2.00 1 2
2 0.00 2 0

X M=-10+4x-x²
0 -10.00
1 -7.00
2 -6.00
∑Fy= 0;

∑MA=0;

By=

Ay=

Prime
∑Fy= 0;

∑Mcorte=0;

Segu
∑Fy= 0;

∑Mcorte=0;
 Ay-2 ton-4 ton+By=0 Tercer Corte
-2 ton(2m)-4 ton(4m)+By(7m)-5 ton.m ∑Fy= 0; 2.43 - 2 - 4 - V=0

(4+16+5)/7= 3.571429 ton V = -3.58

6ton-By ∑Mcorte=0;

Ay= 6 ton-3.5714 ton= 2.4286 ton

Primer Corte x v M
0 2.43 0
2.43 -V = 0
1 2.43 2.43
2 2.43 4.86
V = 2.43
3 0.43 5.29
4 0.43 5.72
∑Mcorte=0; -2.43(x)+ M=0
5 -3.58 2.15
6 -3.58 -1.42
M= 2.43(x)
7 -3.58 -4.99
8
Segundo Corte 6
2.43 - 2 - 4 - V =0 4
2
V= 0.43
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
∑Mcorte=0; -2.43(x) + 2(x-2)+ M=0 -2
-4
M= 2.43(x) - 2(x-2) -6
 Tercer Corte
2.43 - 2 - 4 - V=0

V = -3.58

-2.43(x) + 2(x-2) + 4(x-4) + M=0

M= 2.43(x) - 2(x-2) - 4(x-4)

v
M
4 5 6 7 8
∑Fy= 0; Ay- 4ton -2ton-1ton

∑MA=0; -Ma - 4(2)- 2(2) - 1(4) - 3

Ay= 7 ton

Ma= -19 ton.m

Primer Corte
∑Fy= 0; 7 - 1(x) - V= 0

V=7-x

∑Mcorte=0;

Segundo Corte
∑Fy= 0; 7-2-x-V=0

V= 5 -x

∑Mcorte=0;
 x v M
Ay- 4ton -2ton-1ton=0
0 7 -19
1 6 -12.5
-Ma - 4(2)- 2(2) - 1(4) - 3tom.m= 0 2 5 -6
3 2 -4.5
7 ton
4 1 -3

-19 ton.m
10
Primer Corte
5
7 - 1(x) - V= 0
0
1 2 3 4 5
V=7-x -5

19+14+X(X/2)+7X+M=0 -10

-15
M= -X/2+7X-19
-20
Segundo Corte
-25
7-2-x-V=0
v M

V= 5 -x

-2.43(x) + 2(x-2)+ M= 0

M=-X²/2+5X-15
∑Fy= 0;

∑MA=0;

Ay=

By=

Primer C
∑Fy= 0;

∑Mcorte=0;

Seg
∑Fy= 0;

∑Mcorte=0;
 X V
Ay- By - 14 = 0
0 0
1 -2
Ay(5) + 4(3.5) = 0
2 -4
3 3.8
49/5 = 9.8
4 1.8
5 -0.2
9.8 - 14 = -4.2
6 -2.2
7 -4.2
5
4
Primer Corte 3
2x -V = 0 2
1
V = -2x 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
-1
∑Mcorte=0; 2x(x/2) + M= 0 -2
-3
M= - X^2
-4
Segundo Corte -5

-2x + 9.8 - v V M

V= -2x + 9.8

∑Mcorte=0; 19 + 2x(x/2) - 9.8(x-2)= 0

M= x^2 + 9.8x - 19.6

 M
0
-1
-4
0.8
3.6
4.4
3.2
0

5 6 7 8

M
∑Fy= 0; Ay-16ton - 10ton - 5ton + By= 0

∑MA=0; -16(2) - 10(4) - 5(6) + By(8)= 0

By= 102/8 = 12.75 ton

Ay= 16 + 10 + 5 - 12.75=0

Ay= 18.25 ton

Primer Corte Tercer Corte

∑Fy= 0; 18.25 - 4(x) - V= 0 ∑Fy= 0; 18.25 - 16 -10 - 5 - V= 0

V = -4(x) + 18.25
V= -12.75
∑Mcorte=0; -18.25(x) + 4(x)(x/2) + M= 0 ∑Mcorte=0;

M= -2x^2 + 18.25(x)

Segundo Corte
∑Fy= 0; 18.25 - 16 -10 - V= 0

V= -7.75

∑Mcorte=0; -18.25(x)+ 16(x-2) + 10(x-4) + M= 0

M= 18.25(x)- 16(x-2) - 10(x-4)

 X V M
0 18.25 0
1 14.25 16.25
2 10.25 28.5
3 6.25 36.75
4 2.25 41
5 -7.75 33.25
6 -7.75 25.5
7 -12.75 12.75
8 -12.75 0

50

40
18.25 - 16 -10 - 5 - V= 0
30
V= -12.75
20
-18.25(x)+ 16(x-2) + 10(x-4) + 5(x-6) + M= 0
10

M= 18.25(x)- 16(x-2) - 10(x-4) - 5 (x-6) 0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-10

-20
V M
 6 7 8 9

M
∑Fy= 0; Ay- 8ton -3ton - 2ton + By= 0

∑MA=0; -3(2) - By(5) - 2(7) - 4(1)= 0

By= 20/5 = 4ton

Ay= 13 - By = 0

Ay= 13-4 = 9ton

Primer Corte Tercer Corte

∑Fy= 0; -2x -V = 0 ∑Fy= 0; -8 + 9 - 3 - v= 0

V = -2x V = -2

∑Mcorte=0; 2x(x/2) + M= 0 ∑Mcorte=0;

M= - x^2

Segundo Corte
Cuarto Corte
∑Fy= 0; -2x + 9 - V = 0
∑Fy= 0; -8 + 9 - 3 + 4 - v= 0
V= -x^2 + 9
V=2
∑Mcorte=0; 2x(x/2) - 9(x/2) + M= 0
∑Mcorte=0;
M= -x^2 + 9(x/2)
 X V M
0 0 0
1 -2 -2
2 -4 -4
3 18 4.5
4 25 2
5 -2 10
6 -2 18
7 -2 26
8 2 30
9 2 34
40
-8 + 9 - 3 - v= 0 35
30
V = -2 25
20
8(x/2) - 9(x-2) - 3(x-4) + M=0
15
10
M= -8(x/2) + 9(x-2) + 3(x-4)
5
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
-5
-8 + 9 - 3 + 4 - v= 0 -10
V M
V=2

8(x/2) - 9(x-2) - 3(x-4) + 4(x-7) + M=0

M= -8(x/2) + 9(x-2) + 3(x-4) - 4(x-7)

8 9 10