Mariners’ Polytechnic Colleges Foundation

Legaspi City

NAME: _Sanggo,_Seilfred_B. ________________________ COURSE/SECTION: _BSMT MT1B10__

PHYSICS II

CHAPTER TESTS

CHAPTER 5: WAVES

Questions:

Identification

1. Means by which energy is transferred through a medium.

2. Waves that make the particles vibrate parallel to the direction of motions of waves.
3. Waves that travel at right angles to the motion of particles.
4. Reciprocal of frequency of a wave
5. Length of a wave
6. Height of a wave
7. Distance between two successive crests.
8. High points in a wave.
9. Low points in a wave.
10. Half a longitudinal wave where the vibrating particles are most compact.
11. Bouncing back of waves
12. Bending of waves resulting from a change in speed.
13. Process of combining the effects of two waves as they pass over each other.
14. Results when the waves are in phase.
15. Results when the waves are out of phase.
16. Occurs when waves pass through narrow channels.
17. Scientist advocate of the Principle of Diffraction.
18. Bending of waves due to an obstacle.
19. Condition in which waves or vibrating bodies are in unison.
20. Scientist who advocated that every point of wavefront may be considered as source of
secondary wavelengths.

Discussion

1. Compare reflection and refraction.

2. Describe the other properties of waves such as interference and diffraction.
3. How does the width of the obstacle affect the shape of waves?
4. Discuss constructive and destructive interference.

Problems

1. The speed of radio waves is 3x1012 m/s. If its frequency is 6x104 Hz, what is its wavelength?
2. Calculate the velocity of a deep ocean wave if it has a wavelength of 400 m and period is 16 s.
 3. What is the frequency of light whose wavelength is 7.5x10 m and with a velocity of 3x108 m/s?

CHAPTER 6: SOUND

Questions

Identification

1. Unit for measuring the intensity of sound.

2. Softness or loudness of sound.
3. Highness or lowness of sound.
4. Loudest sound for the ear to be heard without being damaged.
5. Unpleasant or unwanted sound.
6. One-tenth of a bel.
7. Vibration that causes another vibration.
8. Lowest intensity to which the ear responds.
9. Factor that affects the pitch of sound.
10. Unit of the intensity of sound.
11. Reflected sound.
12. Repeated echo.
13. Reinforcement of sound.
14. Longitudinal waves in air and in other media.
15. Fork-shaped piece of steel which vibrates with a definite frequency when struck.

Multiple choice

1. A sound’s frequency determines its _____.

a. amplitude c. intensity
b. energy d. pitch
2. Sound travels fastest in _________.
a. Solids c. gases
b. Liquids d. vacuum
3. A very intense sound __________.
a. has little energy c. seems loud
b. has a small amplitude d. seems soft
4. The higher musical note Do has _________.
a. higher frequency c. louder
b. lower frequency d. softer
5. The Doppler Effect can happen to _________.
a. compressional waves only c. water waves only
b. sound waves only d. all waves
6. What happens to the sound velocity when the temperature increases?
a. It is faster. c. It has no effect.
b. It is slower. d. It remains the same.
7. Vibration causes sound to ________.
 a. move molecules back and forth c. pack molecules together
c. pack molecules together d. a, b, and c
8. As a sound moves nearer, the observer may hear a ________.
a. louder sound c. higher pitch
b. softer sound d. lower pitch
9. What happens to the sound at day time?
a. The sound moves faster.
b. The sound moves slower.
c. Velocity of sound cannot be determined.
d. The velocity of sound varies.
10. What happens to sound as it travels from one medium to another?
a. It reflects c. It refracts.
b. It interferes. d. It diffracts.

Problems

1. The sound of a thunder is heard 5 seconds after a lightning flash. If the temperature is 25
degrees Celsius, how far is the lightning?
2. A man shouts near a cliff and hears the echo of his own voice after 6s. If the temperature is 28
degrees Celsius, how far is the cliff from the man?
3. A source of sound has frequency of 44H. What is the wavelength of the sound wave when the
temperature is 20 degrees Celsius?
4. A boy drops a stone into a well 50 m deep. How soon afterward does he hear the stone hit the
water if the temperature is 25 degrees Celsius?
5. What is the length of a sound wave given out by a 0.25-m diameter organ pipe 0.5m long when
it is open? When it is closed?

Discussion

1. Discuss the Doppler Effect in terms of celestial navigation.

2. How is resonance applicable to sirens produced by ships?
3. Discuss the effect of the direction of the wind on the velocity of sound.
4. What is the difference in the velocity of sound during night time and day time? Explain.

CHAPTER 7: LIGHTWAVES

Questions

Discussion

1. List the forms of electromagnetic radiation in the order of increasing wavelength.

2. Describe an electromagnetic wave. Why is it a transverse wave?
 3. Compare and contrast ultraviolet and infrared rays.
4. Cite the sources of light
5. How do mirrors form images?
6. Describe the image formed by a plane mirror.
7. Distinguish concave and convex mirror.
8. Differentiate converging from diverging lens.
9. Explain why light is refracted when it enters a new medium.
10. Distinguish constructive from destructive interference.
11. What do diffraction and interference have in common? How do they differ?

Problems

1. How many lumens are emitted by a 50-cd lamp?

2. What is the illumination 2m from a 100-cd lamp?
3. What is the illumination on the pavement at a point directly under a streetlamp of 600 cd at a
height of 6 m?
4. An unshaded lamp is 4 m above a table. Its intensity is 200 candelas. What is the intensity (a)
directly under the lamp? ; (b) at a point 3 m from the point directly below the lamp?
5. Two lamps in a Bunsen photometer are 60 cm and 40 cm from the screen when both sides are
equally lighted. If the nearer lamp is a 10-cd source, what is the intensity of the other lamp?
6. A standard lamp of 48 cd placed 30 cm from the screen of a photometer produce illumination
equal to that of a 60-cd lamp. How far is the 60-cd lamp?
7. Locate and describe the image formed when a small object is placed 12 cm from a concave
mirror of radius 20 cm.
8. A convex mirror has a radius of 20 cm. Locate and describe the image formed when an object is
placed 50cm from the mirror.
ANSWERS

CHAPTER 5

Identification

1. Waves
2. Longitudinal waves
3. Transverse waves
4. Period
5. Wavelength
6. Amplitude
7. Wavelength
8. Crest
9. Trough
10. Equilibrium
11. Reflective
12. Refractive
13. Superposition
14. Constructive interference
15. Destructive interference
16. Diffraction
17. Christian Huygen
18. Diffraction
19. Constructive interference
20. Christian Huygen

Discussion

1. Reflection property is when waves bounce back when a train of waves encounters a barrier.
2. Interference property is when two waves move simultaneously in the same medium, they
would meet at a point, while Diffraction property is when waves travel around corners or
obstacles in their propagation.
3. As the waves pass through the opening there is a change in the shape of the wave fronts.
Circular waves appear to originate from the edges of the opening. Near the edges the wave
change direction.
4. When each of the two waves produce displacements in the same direction at a point in a
medium, there is constructive interference.

Problems

1. l = v/f
l = 3x1012 m/s
6x104 m/s
l = 5x107 m/s
 2. v = fl
v = (16s)(400m)
v = 6400 m/s
3. f = v/l
f = 3x108 m/s
7.5 x 10 m/s
f = 4x106 m/s

CHAPTER 6

Identification

1. Bel
2. Loudness
3. Pitch
4. 120 dB
5. Noise
6. Decibel
7. Force vibration
8. 27 Hz
9. Frequency
10. Bel
11. Echo
12. Reverberation
13. Resonance
14. Sound waves
15. Tuning fork

Multiple Choice

1. c. intensity
2. a. solids
3. c. seems loud
4. a. higher frequency
5. b. sound waves only
6. a. It is faster
7. d. a, b, and c
8. a. louder sound
9. a. The sound moves faster
10. c. It refracts

Problem

1. t = 5s
T = 25° C
 Vi = 331 m/s

V = vi + 0.6 m/s/0°C T

V = 331 m/s +(0.6 m/s/°C)(25°C)

V = 346 m/s

d = vt

d = (346m/s)(5 s)

d = 1, 730 m

2. v = 347.8 m/s

d = (347.8 m/s)(6 s)

d = 2086.8 m

3. v = 343 m/s

l = v/f

l = 343 m/s

440/s

l = 0.78 m

4. v = 346 m/s

t = d/v

t = 50 m/346 m/s

t = 0.14 s
 Discussion

1. Doppler Effect – If there is a relative motion between the observer and the source, there will

be a corresponding change in the frequency of sound heard by the observer. If a source of

sound is moving, sound waves are shortened in one direction and lengthened in the

opposite. Such shortening and lengthening cause changes in the pitch of the tone.

2. One of the sound instruments that produce maximum amplitude is a siren. It is a device with

a perforated rotating disk or disks through which sharp puffs of steam or compress air are

permitted to escape in such rapid succession as to produce a continued music note or loud

whistle. It produces a loud wailing sound so that it is used in acoustic investigations and as a

warning signal.

3. The velocity of the sound is affected by the velocity of the wind. The air nearer the ground

is assumed to have a smaller velocity than the air at a higher level. The difference in velocity

of the air will cause the sound nearer the ground to move faster than the sound at the

higher level. The sound therefore travels upward when it moves against the wind.

4. During daytime, the surface of the earth is at a higher temperature than at a higher level.

The sound will therefore have a greater velocity nearer the surface of the earth and then

will be refracted upward. At night time, however, the surface of the earth is cooler than the

layer of the air above so that sound travels faster at the higher level. This causes the sound

to be refracted downward.

Chapter 7

Discussion
1. Gamma ray, X – ray, Ultraviolet, Visible, Infrared, Microwaves (radio waves), TV/FM,

Shortwave ,AM

2. Electromagnetic is derived from the words ‘electric’ and ‘magnetic’, which implies a

combination of electric and magnetic effects. They are produced by moving charges, they are

transverse waves, they do not require a medium for transmission, and they travel with the same

speed in the absence of matter (vacuum) and this speed is absolute.

3. They are both electromagnetic waves, however, ultraviolet has higher energy with the

frequency 1x1021 and wavelength of 1x10-13, while infrared has lower frequency than ultraviolet

which has only 1x1013 frequency and 1x10-5 wavelength.

4. Sun, light bulb, carbon arc lamps, fluorescent lamps, ultraviolet radiation

5. When an object is placed in front of a mirror, light from all points on the object strikes the

mirror and is reflected regularly. This results in the formation of an image.

6. The image formed by a plane mirror is virtual, and erect, and has the same size and shape as the

object and laterally reversed.

7. Images formed by a concave mirror appear smaller than they actually are and appears right side

up. A concave mirror shows an image upside down. Concave mirrors produce both real and

virtual images while convex mirrors can only form virtual images.

8. Converging lenses are thicker in the center than at the outer edges and produce real image

while Diverging lenses are thicker at the outer edges than in the center.

9. Light is refracted when it enters a new medium due to change in its speed. Light is refracted

toward the normal as its speed decreases. It is refracted away from the normal as its speed

increases

10. Constructive interference occurs when the two light waves are in phase or travel over distance

that differ by a whole number of wavelength. Destructive interference occurs when two light
 waves travels over distance that differ by an odd multiple of half wavelengths, crests meet

troughs.

11. Both interference and diffraction of light meet and pass through a common medium. They only

differ in their wavelength because interference has the same wavelength while diffraction does

have the same wavelength.

Problems:

1. 628.32 lumens

2. 25 cd/m2

3. 16.67 cd/m2

4. a) 12.5 cd/m2

b) 32 cd/m2

5. 22.5 cd

6. 96 cm

7. 24 cm, image is real and is 2 times smaller the size of the object

8. 75 cm, image is virtual and is 1.5 times smaller the size of the object