reciprocating CLASSES TYPES NOMENCLATURE RATINGS TEST CODE * APPLICATIONS INSTRUCTIONS, 172 173 175 216 233 242 251 171~; Peelprocaling pumps vera GlASSBS & IDES 1 Introduction Reciprocating pumps are positive displace: ment pumps which divide into three general classes. Steam Steam pumps consist of a liquid and steam cylinder joined together by a spacer cradle These pumps may be steam or air driven. The liquid end consists of liquid inlet and outlet ports, valves and a piston or plunger. The steam end consists of a cylinder, inlet and outlet ““Yports, for steam or air, valve mechanism and Power & Metering Power and metering pumps consist of a liquid end and a power end. These pumps are generally driven by electric motors or reciprocating en: gines or steam turbines. The liquid end consists of liquid inlet and outlet ports, valves and pis- tons or plungers. The power end consists of the frame, ‘crankshaft, bearings, connecting rods, crossheads and sometimes reduction gears. Diaphragm A class of pump consisting of a liquid end and a power end, separated by a diaphragm which pistons, may be mechanically or fluid operated. Horizontal Piston Simplex Steam Double Acting vertcat —! Ptunger} Lbupiex [Simplex Horizontal Single-Acting-) Piston ~ L ouptex reciprocating Pumps [ a) Fee ea Power L triptex verti | poubiecting! Lprunger 4 Muttiptex Horizontal Simplex Diaphragm |. Single-Acting — Flexible Diaphragm Verteai —! L ntuttipiex Fig. 1 CLASSES OF RECIPROCATING PUMPS 172BASIC TYPES Simplex Pump ‘A Simplex pump is a reciprocating pump hav- ing one piston or its equivalent, that is, single or double-acting plunger and/or diaphragm. Duplex Pump ‘A Duplex pump is a reciprocating pump hav- ing two pistons or their equivalent, that is, single or double-acting plungers and/or diaphragms. ‘Triplex Pump A Triplex pump is a reciprocating pump hav- ing three pistons or their equivalent, that is, single or double-acting plungers and/or dia phragms, reciprocating pumps Glasses & Iynes ‘A Multiplex pump is a reciprocating pump having more than three pistons or their equiva- lent, that is, single or double-acting plungers and/or diaphragms. Single-Acting Pump Liquid is discharged only during the forward motion of the plunger or piston, that is, during fone half of the stroke or revolution. Double-Acting Pump Liquid is discharged during both the forward and return motions of the plunger or piston, that is, discharge takes place during the entire stroke or revolution. Fig. 2. HORIZONTAL DOUBLE-ACTING STEAM PUMP Fig. 4 HORIZONTAL SINGLE-ACTING PLUNGER POWER PUMP Fig. 3 HORIZONTAL DOUBLE-ACTING PISTON POWER PUMP Fig. 5 VERTICAL SINGLE-ACTING PLUNGER POWER PUMP 173