Electrical System

Maintennce

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 Electrical Maintenance

Types of Maintenance

Preventive Predictive Breakdown

maintenance maintenance maintenance

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 Electrical Maintenance
 Preventive Maintenance :

 Motive to prevent the fault condition or breakdown as

well as to ensure long term health of the system.
 Based on review of the system
 For ensuring “desirable” performance of equipments
 Regular or timely maintenance
 As this can be scheduled, also known as preventive
maintenance.

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 Electrical Maintenance
 Predictive Maintenance :

Based on certain parameters or symptoms through

which faults or defects can be predicted
 For mechanical systems or electrical systems having
mechanical parts like motors- vibration
 For electrical systems, high winding temperature,
high bearing temperature, Low Insulation resistance,
Low Polarization Index, etc.
 High noise, abnormal sound, humming sound, etc.
can also be predictive tools
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 Electrical Maintenance
 Break down Maintenance :

 Unplanned failure of equipment during service

 High cost and time implications
 Root cause must be explored
 Reason may be inadequate preventive
maintenance or predictive maintenance/ Design
problems/ improper selection/ Ageing, etc.
Breakdowns not only increase the cost but reduce the
throughput and so focus should be on reducing/ eliminating
them.
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 Electrical Maintenance
Preventive Maintenance of electrical equipments :
Equipment Daily Weekly Mont Qtrly H-Yrly Yearly Others
hly
Transformer Yes Yes Yes No Yes Nil
(Insp.) (Insp.)

PCC/ MCC No Yes No Yes Yes Nil

panel
Motors No No Yes Yes Yes Major
maintenan
ce- 5 Yrs

MOV No No No No Yes No No
actuators
HT Panel/ No No No Yes Yes Yes No

Induction Module- 20.12.2013

Load Break
Switch
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 Electrical Maintenance
Preventive Maintenance of electrical equipments :
Equipment Daily Weekly Monthly Qtrly H-Yrly Yearly Others

General Maintenance: Yes

Flood lighting towers,
cable duct
maintenance, bus-bar
street lighting, interior
lighting and its
supporting structures,
cables and its feeders,
etc.

Earthing Yes
Station and
tank11/6/2017
earthing
Induction Module- 20.12.2013
storage
7
 Electrical Maintenance
Preventive Maintenance of electrical equipments :

Equipment Daily Week Fortni Monthly Qtrly H-Yrly Yearly Others

ly ghtly

Generator Yes Yes Yes Yes

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 Electrical Maintenance
Preventive Maintenance of Transformer:

Equipment Daily Weekly Monthly Qtrly H-Yrly Yearly Others

Transformer Yes
(Insp.)
Yes
(Insp.)
Yes No Yes Nil

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 Electrical Maintenance
Daily Inspection of Transformer
Description Remarks

Oil leakage observed Yes No

Oil level checked and found OK Not OK

Condition of silica gel OK Not OK

Oil temperature/winding temperature

Load (Amperes)

Cleanliness OK Not OK

Inspection as per OISD-137

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 Electrical Maintenance
Weekly Inspection of Transformer :
Description Remarks

External damages Yes No

Annunciation (for abnormal condition) OK Not OK

Condition of cable end sealing and terminal boxes OK Not OK

Inspection as per OISD-137

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 Electrical Maintenance
Monthly maintenance of Transformer :
Description Yes No
Oil in Thermometer pockets checked and found OK
Explosive vent diaphragm intact (The purpose of the explosion vent in a
transformer is to prevent damage of the transformer tank be releasing any
excessive pressure generated inside the transformer.)
Valves: a) Position of valves correct.
b) No leakage from glands

Breather: silica-gel colour found satisfactory.

a) Whether renewed if reddish.
b) Oil level in seal cup OK

General cleaning of transformer and surroundings carried out.

Temperature. a) winding b) oil
Tapping switch position; +5%+2.5% rate -2.5%-5% (Tapping of a transformer means
the connection point along the transformer winding to select the suitable
number of terms. By Tapping, you can get different turns ratio and be able to
control output & voltage regulation.)
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 Electrical Maintenance
Yearly maintenance of Transformer :
Description Yes No
Monthly maintenance works completed.
Whether condition of paint satisfactory.
Cable sealing boxes inspected/whether application of bitumen necessary.
Bus duct-chamber inspected and screws checked.
a) HT
b) LT
Bushings: Porcelain insulators free of cracks, dust and other damages.
Marshalling box housing inspected
Earthing terminals inspected and found satisfactory.
Conservator tank inside inspected for corrosion and sludging
Low level alarm functioning OK
Bucholz relay functioning checked.
Insulation Resistance:
(a) H.V. to E.:
(b) L.V. to E.:

Induction Module- 20.12.2013

(c) H.V. to L.V.:
Filtration of oil last carried out: Dielectric strength before & after filtration:
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Performance test of tap changer carried out
Marshalling box used with the transformer is which contains one
WTI(winding temperature indicator each for LT & HT side) OTI(oil
temperature indicator)and few connectors. (these are some connecting
devices like plugs to give the normal operating voltage to the WTI and
OTI from external supply).from this box only we can observe the
condition of transformer and we will operate the relays and circuit
breakers manually or automatically depends on the fault condition. In
marshaling box where all local sensor are terminated and a common
cable taken to remote monitoring station.
Conservator Tank of a Transformer
This is a cylindrical tank mounted on supporting structure on the roof
the transformer main tank. The main function of conservator tank of
transformer is to provide adequate space for expansion of oil inside the
transformer. When transformer is loaded and when ambient
temperature rises, the volume of oil inside transformer increases. A
conservator tank of transformer provides adequate space to this
expanded transformer oil. It also acts as a reservoir for transformer
insulating
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Buchholz relay is a type of oil and gas actuated protection
relay universally used on all oil immersed transformers
having rating more than 500 kVA. Buchholz relay relies on
the fact that an electrical fault inside the transformer tank
is accompanied by the generation of gas and if the fault is
high enough it will be accompanied by a surge of oil from
the tank to the conservator
Whenever a fault occurs inside the transformer, the oil in
the transformer tank gets overheated and gases are
generated. The generation of the gases depends mainly on
the intensity of fault produced. The heat generated during
the fault will be high enough to decompose the transformer
oil and the gases produced can be used to detect the
winding faults. This is the basic principle behind the
working
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of the Buchholz relay 15
 Electrical Maintenance
Notes:
Yearly maintenance of Transformer :
 One sample to be taken for dielectric strength and acidity test
The winding temperature is to be checked
IR value at 1 min and 10 min shall be recorded and Polarization Index
value (PI) value shall be compared
Insulation resistance tests are made to determine insulation resistance from
individual windings to ground or between individual windings. Insulation resistance
tests are commonly measured directly in mega ohms or may be calculated from
measurements of applied voltage and leakage current.

The polarization index is a ratio of the Insulation resistance at the end of a 10 min test
to that at the end of a 1 min test at a constant voltage.

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 Electrical Maintenance
 Maintenance reports should :
 At least follow some bare minimum check points
 Checklist may be added or deleted based on the
experience/ relevance
Based on recommendations by manufacturer,
frequency may be reviewed
History card of equipment's should be kept
updated
Route cause analysis of any abnormality noted
should be explored
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 Electrical Maintenance
Weekly maintenance of PCC/ MCC panel :
Description OK Not OK

General cleanliness

Weather protection

Dust and Vermin-proofness

External damage

Control supply availability

Ventilation system

Accessibility of maintenance/operation

Functioning of meters and lamp indication

Oil level and leakage

Other inspection if any

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 Electrical Maintenance
Quarterly maintenance of PCC/ MCC panel :
Description Yes No

The tripping linkages and the moving parts are inspected for free operations.

The bearings and joints of the mechanism are suitably lubricated and collapsing
trigger checked.
Conditions of the main contacts inspected and found satisfactory.
The contact surfaces of the electro-magnet of the operating mechanism is checked,
cleaned and found satisfactory.
All the bolts, nuts and washers are ensured to be in place and screwed tightly.

Position of Arc-chutes checked and found tight

All the power and control wiring terminal connections are checked and found clean
and tight
Module Draw-in-out/operating handle working satisfactorily.
All the indication lamps are glowing.

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 Electrical Maintenance
Yearly maintenance of PCC/ MCC panel :
Description Yes No

Quarterly maintenance work completed

The moving and fixed contacts are checked and ensured that they are in correct
alignment

Contact surfaces of the auxiliary contacts, contactors etc. checked and found OK

Shunt trip/under voltage release checked and found OK

All the fuse bases are checked and found tight

Complete control wiring terminal connections checked and found tight.

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 Electrical Maintenance
Yearly maintenance of PCC/ MCC panel :
Description Yes No

In case of the Incomer, breaker and generator breaker, the spring charging
mechanism-manual and electrical operations checked and found OK

General cleaning and dry AIR-BLAST is carried out.

checking and calibration of relays
Relay Settings:
(a) Over current:
Relay type:
Setting:
(b) Thermal:
Outer ring:
Setting:
(c) Instantaneous magnetic element release:

Induction Module- 20.12.2013

Positions of Inner knob:
(d) Quick acting rapid-trip release setting (factory set):
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Details of any other works carried out:
 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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