Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
com
ISA BROWN
P.O. Box 114
5830 AC Boxmeer
The Netherlands
+31 485 319 111
isa@hendrix-genetics.com
PRODUCT GUIDE
CAGE PRODUCTION SYSTEM
THE STORY OF ISA THE ISA BROWN TODAY
The ISA Brown is recognized globally for its exceptional
In 1975, the Ministry of Agriculture in feed conversion, which makes it one of the most efficient,
France were determined to develop proven and profitable brown egg layers in the world.
a poultry sector which would be able
Producing high numbers of first quality eggs, per hen
to compete internationally. housed, the ISA Brown is a reliable and versatile
Led by Alain Audubert, an independent appraisal of the
layer with excellent feed conversion which adapts
poultry breeding sector in France concluded that future well to differing climates and housing systems.
international success should be based on excellence,
innovation and research. Optimal egg size, strong shells and great
laying persistency also make the ISA Brown
This philosophy became the guiding scientific principle perfectly suitable for longer laying cycles.
behind the “Institut de Sélection Animale” (ISA) which
was formed by the merger of the poultry stock of two
organizations, Studler S.A. and I.N.R.A. Magneraud (INRA-M).
A reliable and economic winner
A commitment to excellence in breeding, innovative
research techniques and constant improvements in Proven worldwide
pursuit of the perfect expression of the breeds genetic
potential lies behind the success of the ISA Brown. High production and excellent persistency
As a result, by the mid 1980s, the ISA Brown had become
a global brand and worldwide leader in the world brown The efficient brown egg layer
egg market. This position has remained ever since.
Market leader in egg numbers
The purpose of this product guide is to help producers to gain the Age at 50% production 144 days
best possible results from their investment. This will be achieved
Peak of production 96 %
by providing conditions in which the layers can thrive. The
information supplied in this publication is based on the analysis of Average egg weight 62.9 g
extensive research and field results, produced over time and with
many years of experience. Eggs hen housed 420
We do recognize that many egg producers have developed their Egg mass hen housed 26.4 kg
own management programs, as a result of their experience with
specific housing types, climate, feed, market conditions. Therefore Average feed intake 111 g/day
do not hesitate to use your own experience in conjunction with the
guidelines in this guide. And of course, do not hesitate to consult Cum. feed conversion rate 2.10 kg/kg
our distributors who will be happy to help in any way they can.
Body weight 2000 g
We are constantly seeking to develop our breeding program and Shell strength 4100 g/cm2
welcome feedback from the field. Please send your technical results
to isa.technicalfieldresults@hendrix-genetics.com. Excel files are Shell colour 17.0 Lab
available on request to help you to follow the flock’s performance
and record information. Haugh units 82
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
0
18
1 0-7 10 12 70 84 64 67
17
2 8-14 16 18 182 210 132 139
16
3 15.21 24 26 350 392 211 221
15
5 29-35 36 38 819 889 388 408
14
6 36-42 41 43 1,106 1,190 485 510
13
7 43-49 45 47 1,421 1,519 584 614
12
8 50-56 49 51 1,764 1,876 685 720
11
9 57-63 53 55 2,135 2,261 786 826
Age in weeks
10 64-70 57 59 2,534 2,674 886 932
10
11 71-77 60 62 2,954 3,108 984 1,034
9
12 78-84 63 65 3,395 3,563 1,079 1,134
8
13 85-91 66 68 3,857 4,039 1,169 1,229
7
14 92-98 69 71 4,340 4,536 1,255 1,319
6
16 106-112 75 77 5,369 5,593 1,409 1,481
5
17 113-119 78 80 5,915 6,153 1,476 1,552
4
18 120-126 83 85 6,497 6,749 1,537 1,615
3
2
The information supplied in this guide is based on many actual
1
flock results obtained under good environment and managing
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
conditions. It is presented as a service to our customers and should Bodyweight in g
be used as a guide only. It does not constitute a guarantee or
warranty of performance in any way.
55 90.2 63.8 57.5 113 1.96 55 228 14.0 28.9 2.06 96.9 1,965
56 89.8 63.8 57.3 113 1.97 56 234 14.4 29.7 2.06 96.8 1,967
57 89.4 63.8 57.1 113 1.98 57 240 14.8 30.4 2.05 96.7 1,969
58 89.0 63.9 56.8 113 1.99 58 246 15.2 31.2 2.05 96.6 1,971
59 88.5 63.9 56.6 113 2.00 59 252 15.6 32.0 2.05 96.6 1,973
60 88.1 63.9 56.3 113 2.01 60 258 16.0 32.7 2.05 96.5 1,975
61 87.7 63.9 56.1 113 2.02 61 264 16.3 33.5 2.05 96.4 1,976
62 87.2 64.0 55.8 113 2.03 62 270 16.7 34.3 2.05 96.3 1,978
63 86.8 64.0 55.5 113 2.04 63 276 17.1 35.0 2.05 96.2 1,980
64 86.3 64.0 55.3 113 2.05 64 281 17.5 35.8 2.05 96.1 1,981
65 85.9 64.0 55.0 113 2.06 65 287 17.8 36.5 2.05 96.1 1,982
66 85.4 64.1 54.7 113 2.07 66 293 18.2 37.3 2.05 96.0 1,984
67 84.9 64.1 54.4 113 2.08 67 299 18.6 38.1 2.05 95.9 1,985
68 84.4 64.1 54.1 113 2.09 68 304 18.9 38.8 2.05 95.8 1,986
69 84.0 64.1 53.9 113 2.10 69 310 19.3 39.6 2.05 95.7 1,987
70 83.5 64.2 53.6 113 2.11 70 315 19.6 40.3 2.05 95.7 1,988
71 83.0 64.2 53.3 113 2.13 71 321 20.0 41.1 2.05 95.6 1,989
72 82.5 64.2 53.0 113 2.14 72 327 20.4 41.9 2.06 95.5 1,990
73 82.0 64.2 52.7 113 2.15 73 332 20.7 42.6 2.06 95.4 1,991
74 81.5 64.3 52.4 113 2.16 74 337 21.1 43.4 2.06 95.3 1,991
75 81.0 64.3 52.1 113 2.18 75 343 21.4 44.1 2.06 95.2 1,992
76 80.6 64.3 51.8 113 2.19 76 348 21.8 44.9 2.06 95.2 1,993
77 80.1 64.3 51.5 113 2.20 77 354 22.1 45.6 2.07 95.1 1,993
78 79.6 64.4 51.2 113 2.21 78 359 22.4 46.4 2.07 95.0 1,994
79 79.1 64.4 51.0 113 2.23 79 364 22.8 47.1 2.07 94.9 1,995
80 78.7 64.4 50.7 114 2.24 80 369 23.1 47.9 2.07 94.8 1,995
81 78.2 64.4 50.4 114 2.25 81 374 23.4 48.6 2.07 94.8 1,996
82 77.8 64.5 50.1 114 2.27 82 380 23.8 49.4 2.08 94.7 1,996
83 77.3 64.5 49.8 114 2.28 83 385 24.1 50.2 2.08 94.6 1,997
84 76.8 64.5 49.6 114 2.29 84 390 24.4 50.9 2.08 94.5 1,997
85 76.3 64.5 49.3 114 2.31 85 395 24.8 51.7 2.09 94.4 1,998
86 75.8 64.6 49.0 114 2.32 86 400 25.1 52.4 2.09 94.3 1,998
87 75.4 64.6 48.7 114 2.34 87 405 25.4 53.2 2.09 94.3 1,999
88 74.9 64.6 48.4 114 2.35 88 410 25.7 53.9 2.10 94.2 1,999
89 74.4 64.6 48.1 114 2.36 89 415 26.0 54.7 2.10 94.1 2,000
90 73.9 64.7 47.8 114 2.38 90 420 26.4 55.4 2.10 94.0 2,000
70 70
ISA BROWN
65
60 65
55
Laying
Rate
50 60
45 Bodyweight
40 55 2200
35
30 50 2000
25
PRODUCT GUIDE
20 45 1800
15
PRODUCTION GRAPHS
10 1600
5
0 1400
16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90
Age in weeks
145 450
140
isa-poultry.com
2.15 40.0 150
37.5
2.10 35.0 100
2.05 50
2.00 0
16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90
15
Age in weeks
REARING PERIOD Equipment and environment
Age (weeks)
Floor Cages
Good brooding conditions are vital to give 0–2 2–5 0–3 3–5
the chicks the best possible start. Ventilation Minimum per hour / kg 0.7m³ 0.7m³ 0.7m³ 0.7m³
set out in this section have been proven to give excellent performance Feed supply Birds / Starting pan 50 (3)
in the production stages. cm of trough feeders 4 4 2 4
Any delay in growth at 4-5 weeks will be reflected in a reduction in Birds / Round feeder 35 35
bodyweight at 16 weeks and then in performance. This is particularly
true for mean egg weight in temperate climates and may cause a (1): Place one additional drinker per cage for the first week
(2): Make sure that all the birds have access to at least 2 nipples
delay in start of lay in hot climates near the equator. (3): Spread sheets of paper over the cage bottom to last for 7 days,
remove the top sheet every day
Bodyweight development
Notes:
• 12 • The removal of the supplementary starter drinkers should be
Growth (g) done gradually, making sure that the chicks have acquired the
habit of using the regular drinkers.
Skeletal
• It is useful to monitor water consumption. To maintain litter
BW Growth quality, it is necessary to avoid water spillage, by carefully
regulating the drinkers or the nipples.
•6
• The drinkers should be cleaned daily for the first 2 weeks. From
Growth g / day
Organs
the third week they should be cleaned each week.
Calcium
increase • Check that all the birds, even the smaller ones have access to
Muscle at prelay
Reproductive tract
feed and water.
• It is important to use 360° nipples, especially for infra-red beak
Fat treated birds.
Medullary bone
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
• Provision of two gas brooders or 2 radiant heaters of 1450 1 – 3 days 23 hours 20 – 40 lux 23 hours 40 lux
Kcal is advised for 1000 birds. 4 – 7 days 22 hours 15 – 30 lux 22 hours 40 lux
• Temperature and relative humidity should be uniform 8 – 14 days 20 hours 10 – 20 lux 20 hours 40 lux
throughout the building. 15 – 21 days 18 hours 5 – 10 lux 19 hours 40 lux
The distribution behaviour of chicks is the best indicator of 22 – 28 days 16 hours 5 – 10 lux 18 hours 40 lux
temperature:
29 – 35 days 14 hours 5 – 10 lux 17 hours 40 lux
• On floor system, the distribution of chicks in each pen or
throughout the building will help you to manage the correct Below are some key-points to provide day old chicks with a good
temperature of the house. start.
• If the chicks crowd together under the brooder -> temperature Key points:
is too low. • Flush the water lines prior to arrival, and make sure that no
• If the chicks are close to the surroundings -> the temperature disinfectant is left in the water lines when the chicks arrive.
is too high. • Make sure that the nipples and round drinkers are on the correct
height - nipples at chick eye level and round drinkers on the
Distribution behaviour according to temperature: floor.
• Put paper under the nipples to attract the chicks and extra feed
over the chick paper or paper trays.
• Check the nipples / round drinkers to ensure the water supply
is sufficient. When nipples are used the chicks must see the
water drop on the nipple.
Too cold Too warm Draught Ideal • The feed should be distributed when the chicks have drunk
enough water to restore their body fluid (about 2 hours after
being placed in the brooding pens), especially when the birds
have travelled for a long time.
• In hot climate environments, flush the line just before chicks
arrived to provide them fresh water.
Targets in rearing
From 4 to 16 weeks - building the • To produce a uniform flock with a bodyweight in accordance
potential of the future layer with the target age at sexual maturity
After a good start, the objective of the 4-16 week period is to prepare • To obtain the correct bodyweight at 4 weeks to secure frame
the birds for egg production with the best development of: development
• The frame • To achieve steady growth between 4 and 16 weeks with a good
• The bodyweight development of the digestive tract
• The uniformity
Targets in production
• The digestive tract.
• To make sure that between 5% lay and peak of production the
These objectives can be achieved by providing: bodyweight increase is at least 300g for brown layers and 200g
• A correct stocking density and housing conditions for white layers. For these reasons it is essential to exercise
• A lighting program adapted to rearing conditions control over bodyweight on a weekly basis from 0 to 30 weeks
of age, and after that, at least once every month.
• Beak treatment performed by trained people
• Controlling the quantity of feed distributed will not on it’s own
• Good management of the feeding program and feeding
ensure good growth because the requirements vary according
techniques
to:
• Good biosecurity
- the energy level of the diet
- the house temperature
Housing and equipment
- the health status of the flock
Floor Cages
Age (weeks)
5 – 10 10 – 17 5 – 10 10 – 17
Ventilation Minimum per hour / kg 4m³ 4m³ 4m³ 4m³
Beak treatment: A delicate operation
Stocking densities Birds / m² 15 10 15 10 This operation is normally carried out for two main reasons:
Birds / m² (hot climate) 12 9 12 9 • To prevent feather pecking and cannibalism
cm² / Bird 220 350 • To reduce feed wastage
Water supply Birds / drinker 100 100 Beak treatment is a delicate operation and only specially trained
Birds / drinker personnel should perform it. If improperly done, it may result in
75 75
(hot climate) birds having difficulty eating and drinking and lead to a non-uniform
Birds / nipple 9 8 10 (1) 10 (1) flock as a consequence.
Feed supply cm of trough feeders 5 7 4 6
(1): Make sure that all the birds have access to at least 2 nipples
by up to 6 weeks
Light stimulation will change the bird`s weight at sexual maturity,
its adult weight and as a consequence, the egg weight, which is
directly related to the bodyweight of the bird at first egg. C
egg weight will be reduced by about 1g. Total egg mass produced A
PERIOD protect pullets from direct air flow. Containers or crates should
not be overloaded, particularly in hot weather on long distance
hauls.
The transfer from the rearing farm to the laying facilities is a major
stress, accompanied by changes in environment (temperature, • Avoid unnecessary stops during transit of the birds.
humidity…) and equipment. It should be carried out as fast as
possible, ideally being completed within a day. Be sure the production Lighting as a tool for encouraging a rapid
house is clean, disinfected and temperature is minimum 17°C. adaptation to a new environment
Then, between transfer and the peak of production, a rapid increase Immediately after the birds arrive at the laying unit, it is very
in feed intake is necessary since the bird has to cover: important to put into practice the following techniques to help the
• Its requirements to grow to the adult bodyweight. birds adapt to the new environment, particularly to cages and nipple
systems.
• Its requirements to achieve peak of production.
• Apply 22 hours of light the first day.
• Its requirements to get a rapid egg weight increase.
• Light duration should be decided according to what has been
used during rearing.
Age of transfer
• Increase the light intensity for 4 to 7 days to help the birds in
We advise transferring the birds at 16 weeks, maybe even at 15
the darkest cages to find nipples.
weeks, but never after 17 weeks.
• Then reduce light intensity gradually while ensuring that normal
Because of the stress to which birds are subjected during transfer
water intake continues. A high light intensity for longer than 7
and immediately afterwards:
days can increase the risks of pecking.
• It is extremely important that transfer is completed before the
appearance of the first eggs: most development of reproductive
organs (ovary and oviduct) occurs during the 10 days prior to
Encouraging water consumption
the first egg. Birds can become dehydrated during transfer. The water loss rate
ranges between 0,3% and 0,5% per hour according to atmospheric
• We advice that vaccinations are given at least a week before
conditions.
transfer, so as to obtain a good vaccine response.
• Pullets should drink before feeding: the absence of feed helps
• De-worming of the flock, if necessary, is best done in the last
them find the nipple drinkers more easily.
days before moving, depending on the de worming product
used. • Make sure that the water pipes have been rinsed before pullets
arrival.
• A late transfer or too long a transfer often leads to delayed
start of lay and higher mortality and increases the risk of floor • Wait for 3 or 4 hours before distributing feed and check if
laying in non-cage systems. drinking system is working properly.
• If the pullets have not been reared on nipples, decrease the
Points of attention at loading and transport pressure and allow some leakage of water during the first few
days.
The following rules should minimise stress at handling of the birds
at loading and during later transport: • If nipples are planned for production, it is helpful to add at least
one nipple for 200 birds to the other drinking equipment used
• The birds should have an empty digestive tract at the moment
in rearing, as a “nipples school”.
of loading, but they must have access to fresh drinking water
up to the time of being loaded. • A daily water consumption control is of paramount importance.
• Choose the best time for transport during the day or night,
depending on the weather circumstances.
7150-1