PRACTICO Nº 2

ANÁLISIS MATEMÁTICO II
Calcular las siguientes integrales

𝑥 2 +1 𝑥 2 +1
1.∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 = 𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3)
2𝑥 3 +3𝑥 2 𝑥 2 (2𝑥+3)

𝑥 2 +1 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
2𝑥 3 +3𝑥 2
= 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥+3

𝑥 2 +1 𝐴𝑥(2𝑥+3)+𝐵(2𝑋+3)+𝐶𝑥 2
2𝑥 3 +3𝑥 2
= 𝑥 2 (2𝑥+3)

𝑥 2 + 1 = 𝐴𝑥(2𝑥 + 3) + 𝐵(2𝑋 + 3) + 𝐶𝑥 2

1
𝑥=0 1 = 3𝐵 → 𝐵=3
𝑥=1 2 = 5𝐴 + 5𝐵 + 𝐶 SUMANDO 1 Y 2
5 15𝐴 + 3𝐶 = 1
2 = 5𝐴 + 3 + 𝐶
3𝐴 − 3𝐶 = −5
5
5𝐴 + 𝐶 = 2 − 3 ---------------------------
15𝐴 + 3𝐶 = 1 … … … . . (1) 18𝐴 = −4
𝑥 = −1 2 = −𝐴 + 𝐵 + 𝐶 𝐴 = − 2⁄9
1
𝐴−𝐶 = −2 REEEMPLAZANDO “A” EN 1
3
5 2
𝐴 − 𝐶 = −3 15 (− ) + 3𝐶 = 1
9
3𝐴 − 3𝐶 = −5 … … … . . (2) 10 3+10
3𝐶 = 1 − 3 = 3
13
𝐶= 9

2 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 13 𝑑𝑥
=− ∫ + ∫ 2+ ∫ 2𝑥+3
9 𝑥 3 𝑥 9
2 𝑑𝑥 1 13 2𝑑𝑥
= −9∫ 𝑥
+ 3 ∫ 𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑥 + 9∗2 ∫ 2𝑥+3
2 1 13
= − 9 ln|𝑥| + 3 (−𝑥 −1 ) + 18 ln|2𝑥 + 3| + 𝑐
13 2 1
= 18 ln|2𝑥 + 3| − 9 ln|𝑥| − 3𝑥 + 𝑐

2.∫ 𝑥2+3𝑥
3
𝑑𝑥 = ∫
3
𝑥(𝑥+3)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 = 𝑥(𝑥 + 3)

3 𝐴 𝐵
𝑥(𝑥+3)
= 𝑥 + 𝑥+3

3 𝐴(𝑥+3)+𝐵𝑥
=
𝑥(𝑥+3) 𝑥(𝑥+3)

3 = 𝐴(𝑥 + 3) + 𝐵𝑥

𝑥=0 3 = 3𝐴 → 𝐴=1
𝑥 = −3 3 = −3𝐵 → 𝐵 = −1
 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=∫ −∫
𝑥 𝑥+3
= ln|𝑥| − ln|𝑥 + 3| + 𝑐
𝑥
= ln +𝑐
𝑥+3

3.∫ 𝑥23𝑥+1
+4𝑥+3
3𝑥+1
𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (𝑥+1)(𝑥+3) 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 3 = (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3)

3𝑥+1 𝐴 𝐵
𝑥 2 +4𝑥+3
= 𝑥+1 + 𝑥+3

3𝑥+1 𝐴(𝑥+3)+𝐵(𝑥+1)
𝑥 2 +4𝑥+3
= (𝑥+1)(𝑥+3)

3𝑥 + 1 = 𝐴(𝑥 + 3) + 𝐵(𝑥 + 1)

𝑥 = −1 −2 = 2𝐴 → 𝐴 = −1
𝑥 = −3 −8 = −2𝐵 → 𝐵=4

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= −∫ + 4∫
𝑥+1 𝑥+3
= −ln|𝑥 + 1| + 4 ln|𝑥 + 3| + 𝑐
= ln(𝑥 + 3)4 − ln|𝑥 + 1| + 𝑐
(𝑥 + 3)4
= ln +𝑐
𝑥+1
4.∫ 𝑥35𝑥(𝑥2+3
3

+2)
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 3 (𝑥 2 + 2)

5𝑥 3 +3 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷𝑥+𝐸
= + + + (𝑥 2
𝑥 3 (𝑥 2 +2) 𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥3 +2)

5𝑥 3 +3 𝐴𝑥 2 (𝑥 2 +2)+𝐵𝑥(𝑥 2 +2)+𝐶(𝑥 2 +2)+(𝐷𝑥+𝐸)𝑥 3

𝑥 3 (𝑥 2 +2)
= 𝑥 3 (𝑥 2 +2)

5𝑥 3 + 3 = 𝐴𝑥 2 (𝑥 2 + 2) + 𝐵𝑥(𝑥 2 + 2) + 𝐶(𝑥 2 + 2) + (𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸)𝑥 3

𝑥=0 33 = 2𝐶 → 𝐶 = 3⁄2
𝑥=1 8 = 3𝐴 + 3𝐵 + 3𝐶 + 𝐷 + 𝐸 24𝐴 + 12𝐵 + 16𝐷 + 8𝐸 = 34 … … . (3)
3 𝑥 = −2
8 = 3𝐴 + 3𝐵 + 3 2 + 𝐸
9 7 −37 = 24𝐴 − 12𝐵 + 6𝐶 + 16𝐷 − 8𝐸
3𝐴 + 3𝐵 + 𝐷 + 𝐸 = 8 − =
2 2
6𝐴 + 6𝐵 + 2𝐷 + 2𝐸 = 7 … … … . . (1) 24𝐴 − 12𝐵 + 16𝐷 − 8𝐸 = −37 − 9
𝑥 = −1 −2 = 3𝐴 − 3𝐵 + 3𝐶 + 𝐷 − 𝐸
3 24𝐴 − 12𝐵 + 16𝐷 − 8𝐸 = −46 … … . . (4)
3𝐴 − 3𝐵 + 𝐷 − 𝐸 = −2 − 3 2
3𝐴 − 3𝐵 + 𝐷 − 𝐸 = −2 − 2
9 SUMANDO 1 Y 2
−4−9
6𝐴 + 6𝐵 + 2𝐷 + 2𝐸 = 7
3𝐴 − 3𝐵 + 𝐷 − 𝐸 = 2 6𝐴 − 6𝐵 + 2𝐷 − 2𝐸 = 13
13 ----------------------------------------
3𝐴 − 3𝐵 + 𝐷 − 𝐸 = −2
6𝐴 − 6𝐵 + 2𝐷 − 2𝐸 = 13 ……….(2) 12𝐴 + 4𝐷 = 20……….(5)
𝑥=2 43 = 24𝐴 + 12𝐵 + 6𝐶 + 16𝐷 + 8𝐸
3
24𝐴 + 12𝐵 + 16𝐷 + 8𝐸 = 43 − 6 ∗ 2
24𝐴 + 12𝐵 + 16𝐷 + 8𝐸 = 43 − 9 SUMANDO 3 Y 4
 24𝐴 + 12𝐵 + 16𝐷 + 8𝐸 = 34 43
𝐴=
24𝐴 − 12𝐵 + 16𝐷 − 8𝐸 = −46 12
----------------------------------------------- REEEMPLAZANDO “A” EN 7
48𝐴 + 32𝐷 = −12 … … . . (6) 𝐷 = (20 − 12𝐴)/4
𝑫𝑬 (𝟓) 𝐷 = 5 − 3𝐴
12𝐴 4𝐷 = 20 3 ∗ 43
𝐷 =5−
𝐷 = (20 − 12𝐴)/4………..(7) 12
(7)𝑅𝐸𝐸𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐴𝑍𝐴𝑀𝑂𝑆𝐸𝑁 (6) 𝐷 = 72 − 129
48𝐴 32𝐷 = −12 𝐷 = −57
48𝐴 + 32(5 − 3𝐴) = −12
48𝐴 + 160 − 96𝐴 = −12 LOS VALORES DE B Y E SON CEROS
−48𝐴 = −172

𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷𝑥+𝐸
= 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 + (𝑥2 +2)

43 𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑑𝑥
= ∫ + ∫ 3 + (−57) ∫ 2
12 𝑥 2 𝑥 𝑥 +2
43 3 57 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= ln|𝑥| + ∫ 𝑥 −3 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 2
12 2 2 𝑥 +2
43 3 𝑥 −2 57
= ln|𝑥| + − ln|𝑥 2 + 2| + 𝑐
12 2 −2 2
43 3 57
= ln|𝑥| − 2 − ln|𝑥 2 + 2| + 𝑐
12 4𝑥 2

5.∫ 𝑥22𝑥+7
+2𝑥−4
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 4 →
−𝑏±√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
2𝑎
−2+√22 −4∗1∗(−4) −2−√22 −4∗1∗(−4)
2∗1
; 2∗1
−2+√20 −2−√20
2
; 2
−1 + √5 ; −1 − √5
2𝑥+7 𝐴 𝐵
𝑥(𝑥+3)
= (𝑥+1−√5)
+ (𝑥+1+√5)

2𝑥+7 𝐴(𝑥+1+√5)+𝐵(𝑥+1−√5)
𝑥(𝑥+3)
= (𝑥+1−√5)(𝑥+1+√5)

2𝑥 + 7 = 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐴 + 𝐴√5 + 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐵 − 𝐵√5
2𝑥 + 7 = 𝑥(𝐴 + 𝐵) + 𝐴 + 𝐴√5 + 𝐵 − 𝐵√5

𝑥=0 2= 𝐴+𝐵
𝑥 = −3 7 = 𝐴 + 𝐴√5 + 𝐵 − 𝐵√5
7 = 𝐴√5 − 𝐵√5 + 𝐴 + 𝐵
5 = 𝐴√5 − 𝐵√5

2√5 = 𝐴√5 + 𝐵 √5 5
𝐴 =1+
5 = 𝐴√5 − 𝐵√5 2√5
−−−−−−−−−−
2√5 + 5 = 2𝐴√5 2 + √5
𝐴=
2
 REEMPLAZANDO “A”
2=𝐴+𝐵 4 − 2 − √5
𝐵=
𝐵 =2−𝐴 2

2 + √5 2 − √5
𝐵 =2− 𝐵=
2 2

2𝑥 + 7 𝐴 𝐵
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥(𝑥 + 3) (𝑥 + 1 − √5) (𝑥 + 1 + √5)
2 + √5 𝑑𝑥 2 − √5 𝑑𝑥
= ∫ + ∫
2 (𝑥 + 1 − √5) 2 (𝑥 + 1 + √5)

2 + √5 2 − √5
= ln|𝑥 + 1 − √5| + ln|𝑥 + 1 + √5| + 𝑐
2 2

6. ∫ (𝑥2+2)(𝑥−3)
5𝑥−7
𝑑𝑥 =

5𝑥−7 𝐴𝑥+𝐵 𝐶
= +
(𝑥 2 +2)(𝑥−3) (𝑥 2 +2) (𝑥−3)

5𝑥−7 (𝐴𝑥+𝐵)(𝑥−3)+𝐶(𝑥 2 +2)

(𝑥 2 +2)(𝑥−3)
= (𝑥 2 +2)(𝑥−3)

5𝑥 − 7 = (𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵)(𝑥 − 3) + 𝐶(𝑥 2 + 2)

8 𝑥=1 −2 = −2𝐴 − 2𝐵 + 3𝐶
𝑥=3 8= 11𝐶 → 𝐶=
11
16
𝑥=0 −7 = −3𝐵 + 11 2𝐴 = 3𝐶 − 2𝐵 + 2
8 31
16 77 2𝐴 = 3 ∗ −2∗ +2
3𝐵 = 11 + 11 11 11
24 62 22
2𝐴 = − +
93 11 11 11
3𝐵 = 11 16
2𝐴 = −
11
93
𝐵 = 33 → 𝐵 = 11
31 8
𝐴=−
11

𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵 𝐶
=∫ 2
𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 + 2) (𝑥 − 3)
𝐴𝑥 𝐵 𝐶
=∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 ∫ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 2+ 2) (𝑥 + 2) (𝑥 − 3)
8 2∗𝑥 31 1 8 1
=− ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑥
11 ∗ 2 (𝑥 + 2) 11 (𝑥 + 2) 11 (𝑥 − 3)
8 31 1 𝑥 8
=− ln|𝑥 2 + 2| + ∗ arctan + ln|𝑥 − 3| + 𝑐
22 11 √2 √2 11
 8 31√2 𝑥√2 8
=− ln|𝑥 2 + 2| + arctan + ln|𝑥 − 3| + 𝑐
22 22 2 11
8 8 31√2 𝑥√2
= ln|𝑥 − 3| − ln|𝑥 2 + 2| + arctan ++𝑐
11 22 22 2

7. ∫ 9𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
4 +𝑥 2 = ∫ 𝑥 2 (9𝑥 2 +1) 9𝑥 4 + 𝑥 2 = 𝑥 2 (9𝑥 2 + 1)

1 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷
= + 2+
9𝑥 4 +𝑥 2 𝑥 𝑥 (9𝑥 2 + 1)
1 𝐴𝑥(9𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝐵(9𝑥 2 + 1) + (𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷)𝑥 2
=
9𝑥 4 + 𝑥 2 𝑥 2 (9𝑥 2 + 1)
1 = 𝐴𝑥(9𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝐵(9𝑥 2 + 1) + (𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷)𝑥 2
1 = 9𝐴𝑥 3 + 𝐴𝑥 + 9𝐵𝑥 2 + 𝐵 + 𝐶𝑥 3 + 𝐷𝑥 2
1 = (9𝐴 + 𝐶)𝑥 3 + (9𝐵 + 𝐷)𝑥 2 + 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵
0 = 9𝐴 + 𝐶 → 𝐶=0
0 = 9𝐵 + 𝐷 → 𝐷 = −9
0=𝐴 → 𝐴=0
1=B → 𝐵=1
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑥 (9𝑥 2 + 1)

0 1 0𝑥 + (−9)
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑥 (9𝑥 2 + 1)
𝑑𝑥
= ∫ 𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑥 − 9 ∫
9𝑥 2 + 1
𝑥 −1 1 3𝑥
= − 9 ∗ arctan + 𝑐
−1 1 1
1
= − − 9 arctan 3𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑥