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NACIONAL DE JAÉN
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TEMAS
ZAPATA AISLADA
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO DE VIGAS Y COLUMNAS
GRUPO N° 1:
DOCENTE:
JAÉN – PERÚ
2016
DISEÑO DE UNA ZAPATA AISLADA
Datos
𝑃𝐷 = 170 𝑡𝑛
𝑃𝐿 = 35 𝑡𝑛
𝑞𝑎 = 1.65 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝐷𝑓 = 1.45 𝑚
𝑠= 0.40 𝑚
𝑡= 0.40 𝑚
𝐴𝑠 𝐶 = 8 ∅ 5/8"
𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 3"
𝑃 𝑃𝐷 + 𝑃𝐿
𝐴𝑍𝐴𝑃𝐴𝑇𝐴 = =
𝑞𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 𝑞𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜
(170 + 35) 𝑡𝑛
𝐴 𝑍𝐴𝑃𝐴𝑇𝐴 = 𝑡𝑛
13.635 2
𝑚
𝐴 𝑍𝐴𝑃𝐴𝑇𝐴 = 15.03 𝑚2
𝑠 0.4
𝛽= = =1
𝑡 0.4
n
𝑠−𝑡 0.4 − 0.4
𝐴 = √𝐴 𝑍𝐴𝑃𝐴𝑇𝐴 + ( ) = √15.03 + ( ) = 3.88 𝑚
2 2
t=0 .4 0 m
B ∴ 𝐴 = 3.90 𝑚 𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃𝑈𝐸𝑆𝑇𝐴
𝑠 −𝑡 0.4 − 0.4
𝐵 = √𝐴 𝑍𝐴𝑃𝐴𝑇𝐴 − ( ) = √15.03 − ( ) = 3.88 𝑚
S=0 .4 0 m m 2 2
∴ 𝐵 = 3.90 𝑚 𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃𝑈𝐸𝑆𝑇𝐴
A
∅
𝐻 = 𝑑+ + 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜
2
Dimensionamos la elevación H, ésta se halla cuando determinamos el
peralte efectivo “d”, mediante la verificación por:
i. LONGITUD DE DESARROLLO
ii. CORTANTE POR PUNZONAMIENTO
iii. CORTANTE POR FLEXIÓN
𝑓𝑦 ×𝑑𝑏
a) 𝐿𝑑 = 0.08 ×
√𝑓´𝑐
5
0.08 × 4200 × × 2.54
𝐿𝑑 = 8 = 36.81 𝑐𝑚 ≅ 37 𝑐𝑚 Tomamos
√210 el mayor
b) 𝐿𝑑 = 0.004 × 𝑑𝑏 × 𝑓𝑦
c) 𝐿𝑑 = 20 𝑐𝑚
∴ 𝐿𝑑 = 𝑑1 = 37 𝑐𝑚
𝑃𝑢
𝑞𝑢 =
(𝐴 × 𝐵)
Dónde:
SEGÚN (RNE)
𝑃𝑢 = 1.5 𝑃𝐷 + 1.8 𝑃𝐿
𝑃𝑢 = 1.5(170) + 1.8(35)
𝑃𝑢 = 318 𝑡𝑛
318
𝑞𝑢 =
(3.90 × 3.90)
𝑞𝑢 = 20.91 𝑡𝑛/𝑚2
[𝐴 × 𝐵 − (𝑠 + 𝑑) × (𝑡 + 𝑑)]
𝑉𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 = 𝑞𝑢 × 𝑠 0.4
2𝑑 × (𝑠 + 𝑡 + 2𝑑) 𝛽= = =1
𝑡 0.4
El que tendrá que ser menor o igual que el esfuerzo
∅ = 0.85
cortante admisible
4
𝑉𝑎𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 = ∅ × 0.27(2 + ) × √𝑓´𝑐
𝛽
Tomamos el
menor valor
4
𝑉𝑎𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 0.85 × 0.27 2 + × √210 = 19.95 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
1
𝑉𝑎𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 0.85 × 1.1√210 = 13.549 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 2 = 135.49 𝑡𝑛/𝑚 2
∴ 𝑑2 = 0.57𝑚 ≅ 57 𝑐𝑚
𝑉𝑢 𝑞𝑢 (𝑚 − 𝑑) × 𝐴 𝑞𝑢 (𝑚 − 𝑑3 )
𝐸𝑠𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑧𝑜 𝐶𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 = 𝑉𝑢 = = =
𝐴×𝑑 𝐴×𝑑 𝑑3
Igualando:
𝑞𝑢 (𝑚 − 𝑑3 ) [𝐴 × 𝐵 − (𝑠 + 𝑑2 ) × (𝑡 + 𝑑2 )]
= 𝑞𝑢 ×
𝑑3 2𝑑2 × (𝑠 + 𝑡 + 2𝑑2 )
∴ 𝑑3 = 0.23 𝑚 ≅ 23 𝑐𝑚
De los tres peraltes 𝑑1 , 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑3 se escoge el mayor:
𝑑1 = 37 𝑐𝑚
𝑑2 = 57 𝑐𝑚 ∴ 𝑑 = 57𝑐𝑚
𝑑3 = 23 𝑐𝑚
1.905 𝑐𝑚
𝐻 = 57 𝑐𝑚 + + 7.5𝑐𝑚 = 65.45 𝑐𝑚
2
∴ 𝐻 = 70 𝑐𝑚 𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃𝑈𝐸𝑆𝑇𝐴
𝑀𝑢 124.87 × 105
𝑅𝑢 = = = 9.85 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 2
𝑏 × 𝑑2 390 × 572
𝝆 = 𝑪𝒖𝒂𝒏𝒕í𝒂 𝒅𝒆 𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒓𝒐
𝜌 × 𝑓𝑦
𝑅𝑢 = ∅ × 𝜌 × 𝑓𝑦(1 − 0.59 × )
𝑓´𝑐
0.59 × 𝜌 × 4200
9.85 = 0.90 × 𝜌 × 4200(1 − )
210
0.59 × 𝜌 × 4200
9.85 = 0.90 × 𝜌 × 4200(1 − )
210
9.85 = 3780 × 𝜌 − 44604 × 𝜌 2
∴ 𝜌 = 0.27%
Según el código ACI
0.8√𝑓´𝑐
= 0.00276 ∴ 𝜌𝑚í𝑛 = 0.34 %
𝑓𝑦
𝐴 𝑠 = (0.34 %)(390)(57)
𝐴 𝑠 = 75.58 𝑐𝑚 2
Asumo:
SEPARACIÓN
(𝐴 − 𝑑𝑏 − 2 × 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜)
𝑆=
(# 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑠 − 1)
𝑆 = 14 𝑐𝑚
𝑀𝑢 = 124.87 𝑡𝑛. 𝑚 𝐴 𝑠 × 𝑓𝑦
𝑎=
0.85 × 𝑓´𝑐 × 𝑏
𝑀𝑢
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑎
∅ × 𝑓𝑦 × (𝑑 − ) ∴ 𝐴 𝑠 = 59.85 𝑐𝑚2 ⟹ 𝑎 = 3.61 𝑐𝑚
2
Según el código ACI
0.8 × √𝑓´𝑐 × 𝑏 × 𝑑
= 61.36 𝑐𝑚2 ∴ 𝐴𝑠𝑚í𝑛 = 74.63 𝑐𝑚2
𝑓𝑦
𝑺 = 𝟏𝟒 𝒄𝒎
𝑴𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒂 = 𝟒. 𝟓𝟒𝟕𝟓
⟹ ∅ / "@ .
4. DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO DE VIGAS Y COLUMNAS
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO DE COLUMNAS
En una edificación que presenta un sistema aporticado con 6 pisos, cuya planta
típica es la que se presenta. Se solicita predimensionar las columnas C1, C2 y
C3. Cualquier dato(s) faltante(s) asúmalo e indique su criterio para dicho fin.
7.00 m
7.20 m
7.40 m
Datos:
𝑁 = 𝑁ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑝𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑠 = 6
𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑎 𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎 = 20
𝐹𝑦 = 4200 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 2
𝑈𝑠𝑜 = 𝐷𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜
Metrado de Cargas:
Columna C3 (interior)
Área tributaria
1.10 × 𝑃
𝑏∗ 𝐷 = 𝑛 = 0.30
𝑛 × 𝑓′𝑐
Considerando que 𝑏 = 𝐷 = 𝑇
1.10 × 39618 × 6
𝑏.𝐷 =
0.30 ×280
∴ 𝐶3 ∶ 0.60 × 0.60 𝑚2
Columna C1
Área tributaria
(5.80) (7.00)
𝐴 = × = 10.15 𝑚2
2 2
Considerando que 𝑏 = 𝐷 = 𝑇
1.50 × 9439.5 × 6
𝑏.𝐷 =
0.20 × 280
∴ 𝐶1 = 0.40 × 0.40 𝑚2
Columna C2
Área tributaria
(7 + 7.20) (5.80)
𝐴 = × = 20.59 𝑚2
2 2
𝑃 = 930 𝑘𝑔/𝑚 2 ∗ 20.59𝑚2 = 19148.7 𝑘𝑔
1.25∗𝑃
𝑏∗𝐷 = 𝑛 = 0.25
𝑛∗𝑓´𝑐
Considerando que 𝑏 = 𝐷 = 𝑇
1.25 × 19148.7 × 6
𝑏.𝐷 =
0.25 × 280
𝑇 = 45.30 𝑐𝑚 por lo tanto usamos 𝑇 = 50𝑐𝑚
∴ 𝐶2 = 0.50 × 0.50 m2
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO DE VIGAS
4.40 m
4.90 m
4.40 m
𝒗 − 𝟏𝟎𝟏
𝐵 2.2
𝑏= = = 0.11 0.5 ∗ 0.11 = 0.25𝑥
20 20
𝐿𝑛 5.5
ℎ= = = 0.5 𝑥 = 0.22
𝛼 11
𝑏ℎ 3 = 𝑏0 ℎ 30
ℎ = 0.5 𝑏 = 0.11
𝑏0 = 0.25
𝑏ℎ 2 = 𝑏0 ℎ 20
𝐿𝑛 2∗1.6
ℎ = 1.4ℎ 𝑠 = 1.4 = 1.4 = 0.448
𝛼 10
ℎ = 0.20
𝒗 − 𝟏𝟎𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝟑
𝐵 4.65
𝑏= = = 0.2325
20 20
𝐿𝑛 5.5
ℎ= = = 0.50
𝛼 11
𝑏ℎ 3 = 𝑏0 ℎ 30
𝑏 = 0.2325
ℎ = 0.50 0.2325 ∗ 0.503 = 0.25ℎ 30
𝑏0 = 0.25
ℎ 0 = 0.49𝑚
𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑟 = 0.25 ∗ 0.50𝑚2
𝑏ℎ 2 = 𝑏0 ℎ 20
𝑏 = 0.2325
ℎ = 0.50 0.2325 ∗ 0.502 = 0.25ℎ 20
𝑏0 = 0.25
ℎ 0 = 0.48
𝐿𝑛 2∗1.6
ℎ = 1.4ℎ 𝑠 = 1.4 = 1.4 = 0.448
𝛼 10
V-104
𝐵∗
𝑏= 𝐵∗ = 𝐵 + 𝐵𝑎𝑑
20
𝐿𝑛 𝑃𝑢 𝑃
ℎ= 𝐵𝑎𝑑 = =
𝛼 𝑤𝑢 𝑤
𝑃. 𝑎𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 100𝑘𝑔/𝑚 2
50𝑘𝑔
𝑃. 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎 = … . (𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒎𝒊𝒅𝒐)
𝑚2
𝑠⁄ = 200𝑘𝑔/𝑚 2
𝑐
𝑊 = 300 + 100 + 50 + 20 = 650𝑘𝑔/𝑚2
1035𝑘𝑔
𝑃 = 0.25 ∗ 2.3 ∗ 1800 =
𝑚
1800𝑘𝑔
… . (𝒑𝒆𝒔𝒐 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝒂𝒍𝒃𝒂ñ𝒊𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂 𝒅𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒊𝒍𝒍𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒅𝒂 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒅𝒂)
𝑚3
4.4
𝐵= = 2.2𝑚
2
1035
𝐵𝑎𝑑 = = 1.592𝑚
650
3.792
𝑏= = 0.1896𝑚 0.1896 ∗ 0.5 = 0.25 ∗ 𝑥
20
5.5
ℎ= = 0.5𝑚 𝑥 = 0.3792𝑚
11
𝑏 ∗ ℎ 3 = 𝑏0 ∗ ℎ 0 3
ℎ 0 = 0.46𝑚
𝑏ℎ 2 = 𝑏0 ℎ 20
𝑏 = 0.1896
ℎ = 0.50 0.1896 ∗ 0.502 = 0.25ℎ 20
𝑏0 = 0.25
ℎ 0 = 0.44
𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑟 = 0.25 ∗ 0.45𝑚2
𝐵∗
𝑏= 𝐵∗ = 𝐵 + 𝐵𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙
20
0.1896 × 0.448 = 0.25 × ℎ
𝑃 1035
𝐵𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 = = = 1.592 𝑚
𝑊 650
ℎ = 0.34
𝐵∗ = 2.20 + 1.592 = 3.792 𝑚
𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑟 = 0.25 ∗ 0.35𝑚2
3.792
𝑏= = 0.1896 𝑚
20
𝐿𝑛 2 × 𝐿𝑣 1.4 × 2 × 1.6
ℎ 𝑠 = 1.4 ℎ = 1.4 ( ) = 1.4 ( )=
𝛼 𝛼 10
ℎ 𝑠 = 0.448
V-105
𝐵 4.55
𝑏= = = 0.2275
20 20
𝐿𝑛 4.5
ℎ= = = 0.41
𝛼 11
𝑏 ∗ ℎ 3 = 𝑏0 ∗ ℎ 0 3
ℎ 0 = 0.40𝑚
ℎ 0 = 0.39𝑚
V-106-107
𝐵 5.7
𝑏= = = 0.285
20 20
𝐿𝑛 4.5
ℎ= = = 0.41
𝛼 11
𝑏 ∗ ℎ 3 = 𝑏0 ∗ ℎ 0 3
ℎ 0 = 0.43𝑚
𝑏 ∗ ℎ 2 = 𝑏0 ∗ ℎ 0 2
ℎ 0 = 0.44𝑚
V-108
𝐵 2.75
𝑏= = = 0.1375 0.1375 ∗ 0.41 = 0.25 ∗ 𝑥
20 20
𝐿𝑛 4.5
ℎ= = = 0.41 𝑥 = 0.23 𝑚
𝛼 11
𝑢𝑠𝑎𝑟 0.25 ∗ 0.25 𝑚 2
𝑏 ∗ ℎ 3 = 𝑏0 ∗ ℎ 0 3
ℎ 0 = 0.34𝑚
𝑏 ∗ ℎ 2 = 𝑏0 ∗ ℎ 0 2
ℎ 0 = 0.30𝑚