Alpha

; Gen ColI
Introduction ................................................................ v
Stories, information, exercises:
Elvis aims for gold ........................................................ 1
Canada's Herring Queen .............................................. 3
McCrae medals come home ........................................ 5
Canadians win music awards ....................................... 7
Liberals re-elected by slim majority .............................. 9
Federal elections ........................................................ 1 1
Canada's Parliament .................................................. 1 3
Urban farmers ........................................................... 15
Megacity ................................................................... 1 7
Rags-to-riches printer saves 600 jobs ......................... 19 .
Auto industry in high gear ......................................... 21
A look at Ontario's economy ..................................... 21
Balancing the books .................................................. 23
Credit ........................................................................ 25
Housing costs across the country ............................... 27
What you get for $150,000 ....................................... 27
Building a Canadian house ........................................ 29
Getting a mortgage ................................................... 29
Saved by Mother Teresa ............................................ 31
P.E.I.'s new link .......................................................... 33
Rediscovering Newfoundland .................................... 35
Canada's First Nations ............................................... 37
Changes in public education ..................................... 39
Teaching kids to love reading .................................... 41
High achievers ........................................................... 43
A Canadian author is born ......................................... 45
No smoking is the trend ............................................ 47
East meets West in doctor's office .............................. 49
Flu season ................................................................. 51
Bittersweet romance .................................................. 53
Changing face of immigration ................................... 55
"My father would be proud of me" ........................... 57
Continued next page ...

Ontario Reader· 7997 IDI

 CONTENTS - continued

How to get a driver's licence ...................................... 59

Car accidents and insurance ...................................... 61
Raptors struggling ..................................................... 63
Canadian invented basketball .................................... 63
Slow train to Moosonee ............................................. 65
Caribbean treats ........................................................ 67
Sweet taste of spring ................................................. 69
Summer fun in Ontario .............................................. 71
Watch out for frostbite .............................................. 73
Dates to remember - 1998 ...................................... 75
Canada's time zones .................................................. 75
Multicultural holidays - 1998 ................................... 77
Chinese zodiac .......................................................... 77
Ontario quiz .............................................................. 79
Canada quiz ...................................... :....................... 81
Teacher's guide ........................................................ 85
Answer key ............................................................... 93
Order form ............................................................... 95

lLI Ontario Reader· 1997

Elvis
AIMS FOR
** Elvis Stojko is the best men's
figure skater in the world. In March
1997, Stojko won the World Figure
Skating Championship. It was his
third world title in four years.
After the competition, his coach
said, "Beginning now, we're building
towards the Olympics."
Stojko's goal is to win the gold
medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics
in Nagano, Japan. In the 1994
Olympics, he won the silver medal.
Stojko, 25, is a very powerful skater.
His specialty is the quadruple jump
(four rotations in the air). He is a very
disciplined and hardworking athlete.
On the ice he has complete
concentration.
The youngest of three children,
Stojko lives in Richmond Hill,
Ontario. He is very close to his
parents and still lives at home.
His mother is always with him at
competitions. Before he skates,
* Men's world figure-skating champion
Stojko looks up from the ice to find Date of birth: March 22, 1972.
his mother in the audience. Then he Height: 5 feet, 7 inches (1 .7 m).
winks at her.
In his spare time, Stojko loves fast Weight: 157 pounds (71 kg).
motorcycles. He also has a black belt Hair: Brown.
in karate.
Home: Richmond Hill, Ontario.
His philosophy is that you can
accomplish "whatever you believe Hobbies: Fast motorcycles, karate.
you can do." Family: Youngest of three children.
His parents are immigrants from Hungary
(mother) and the former Yugoslavia (father).
Medals: Three world championships
Olympic silver medal (1994).
Specialty: Quadruple jump.

Ontario Reader· 7998 0

 B YES OR NO? [I MYSTERY WORD
Answer these questions about the story on page 1. Write the answers to the
Write yes or no in the blank. Or, ask a partner the questions. clues in the blanks. The
(Check answers on page 93.) first letter of each answer
is a letter in the Mystery
1. Is Stojko the men's world figure-skating champion? Yes Word. All of the answers
2. Is this his first world title? _ _ are words from the story
on page 1.
3. Does he want to win a gold medal at the Olympics? _ _ (Answers: page 93)
4. Does he work hard? _ _
Clues:
S. Is his specialty the triple jump? _ _
1. able to
6. Is he close to his parents? _ __ 2. opposite of lazy
7. Does he live alone? _ _ 3. person who is good at
8. Does he have a black belt in karate? - - sports

9. Is his father from Hungary? _ _ 4. month before April

s. strong
6. frozen water
lEI COMPLETE THE CHART
7. province Stojko lives in
~ i

1. Write the information about Elvis Stojko in the chart.

•,;;,,; •• );<*\\~
8. location of the 1998
Winter Olympics I
Elvis Stojko
Date of birth
., ')i", .
March 22, 1972 Mystery Word:
I
,;
i
Height ~

~
c an
--
Weight 2

Hair
Home
Hobbies
tr-
-------
Family
~
7
--
2. On a separate piece of paper, make the same chart with ~ ------
information about yourself. 8 t
- ----- !i
3. Imagine you are a journalist. You want to interview
someone in your class. Write a question for each category of
information in the chart. Then ask someone the questions.
I
Example: "Date of birth"
Question: What is your date of birth? OR When were you born?
Answer: My date of birth is ... OR I was born on ...
!
fI Ontario Reader· 7998
 Canada's Herring Queen
Reva Krongo/d's company buys four million herring a year.
*** Reva Krongold was a homemaker
raising four children when her husband
died suddenly in 1973. She had to step in
and rescue her husband's herring company,
Feature Foods Ltd. The four-year-old
company was struggling. Sales were flat.
Krongold, who was a high-school drop-out,
had to learn quickly.
The first year, Krongold made $660,000
in gross sales, mostly in Toronto. By 1995,
she had expanded sales to $5.5 million
across North America. Feature Foods is now
Canada's largest processor of pickled herring
in glass jars.
How did she do it?
"I used my common sense," she said.
She got rid of less profitable products and
concentrated on herring specialties. She
bought supplies when the prices were low.
She also credits her late husband's loyal
employees. Some have been with the
company for over 25 years.
Another factor in her success was luck.
In her first year, she signed a major contract
* Reva Krongold's husband
died in 1973. Krongold had
to run the family business.
She had no experience. But
she learned fast. Today, the
company is very successful.
Company: Feature Foods.
location: Rexdale, Ontario.
Product: Pickled herring
hand-packed inja~.
Sales: $5.5 million in 1995.
Volume: Processes four
million herring a year.
R. Lautens/Toronto Star Biggest processor in Canada.
to supply a large food company.
Her biggest challenge was overcoming
prejudice against women. "To see a woman
in the fish industry (in 1973) was very
unusual. It still is. We weren't readily
accepted. "
Undaunted, Krongold went to New
Brunswick for the herring runs every spring
and fall. With her high-school French, she
bargained with the fishermen. Over time,
she earned their respect.
Today, her company buys more than four
million herring a year. In her 1,800 square-
metre plant in Rexdale, she makes products
such as pickled herring and herring in cream
and wine marinade. The products are all
hand-packed in jars. The pickling process
takes one week and uses secret family recipes.
The recipes came from her father-in-law who
was a broker of Baltic herring in Poland.
Two of Krongold's sons work in the
business now. They are very proud of their
mother's achievements.
Adapted with permission from an article written by Gil Kezwer for The Toronto Star
Ontario Reader· 1998 II
 B CHECK THE FACTS mMISSING WORDS
Each sentence has one word or fact that is not correct. Find Write the correct word
the mistake and correct it. (Check answers in the story on page 3.) in the blank. Check your
husband answers in the one-star (*)
1. Reva Krongold's ~r died suddenly in 1973. story, "Feature Foods" on
2. Krongold had to step in and sell her husband's company. page 3.

3. She had some experience in the business. Reva Krongold's husband

4. Feature Foods had sales of $5.5 thousand in 1995. __d=i=ed:::.....-_ in 1973.
5. It is Canada's smallest processor of pickled herring. Krongold had to 2 - - -
6. Krongold bought supplies when the prices were high. the family business.
7. She had to overcome prejudice against men. She 3 _ ,_ no experience.
8. She uses her father's secret recipes. But she 4 _____ fast.

9. Two of Krongold's daughters work in the business now. Today, the company
5 ___ very successful.
III SYNONYMS Company:
Synonyms are words that have the same meaning.
Match the words on the left with the underlined words that Feature Foods.
have the same meaning. (Check answers on page 93.)
6-------
~ earned 1. Krongold was bringing up four
Rexdale, Ontario.
children when her husband died.
__ process 2. She had to step in and save her
husband's company. Pickled herring, hand-
__ raising
3. She won the respect of the fishermen.
packed in jars.
rescue 4. She eliminated less profitable products.
5. She focussed on herring specialties. 8-------
__ expanded
$5.5 million in 1995.
6. She purchased supplies when the
__ got ~id of prices were low.
9-------
7. Krongold's sons are proud of their
_ bought Processes four million
mother's accomplishments.
__ plant 8. Krongold's factory is in Rexdale. herring a year. Biggest

9. The pickling procedure uses secret processor in Canada.

achievements recipes.
concentrated 10. She increased sales to $5.5 million
across North America .

. . Ontario Reader· 7998

 McCrae medals come home
*** John McCrae was a famous Canadian
soldier and poet. Arthur Lee is a Toronto
businessman who came to Canada from
China. The lives of these two men are
connected in an unusual way.
McCrae was born in Guelph, Ontario,
in 1872. He became a doctor and military
officer. During the First World War (1914-18),
he wrote the well-known poem "In Flanders
Fields." The poem honours Canadian
soldiers who died in the war.
McCrae received several war medals for his
courage. But after he died in 1918, the medals
were lost. In 1997, a coin dealer found the
medals. He put them up for auction.
A group of Canadian museums and
heritage supporters raised $280,000 to buy
McCrae's medals. They were afraid foreign
collectors would buy them. They wanted
the medals to stay in Canada. ~
The auction was in Toronto. The bidding i
started at $28,000. It quickly went past t;.
$280,000. The Canadian heritage group had ~~
to drop out. Three bidders continued as the
price went up. Finally, the medals sold for
$400,000.
The buyer was Arthur Lee. Minutes later,
he gave the medals to the McCrae House
museum in Guelph. The museum was very
surprised and delighted.
Lee said he bought the medals because
he wanted to give something back to his
country. "I just want to keep the medals
in Canada," he said. "Canada is one of the
most wonderful countries in the world."
Lee, 44, came to Canada from Guangzhou,
China, at age 12. His family settled in
Sudbury wh~re they owned a restaurant. Lee
worked in the mines to pay for his university
education. He studied engineering and
accounting. In 1985, he started his own
clothing manufacturing company in Toronto.
People who know Lee say he is a modest
man with a heart of gold. He has donated
more than $1 million to charities for
children. Adapted with permission - Toronto Star Syndicate

Ontario Reader. 7998 II

E1 PUT IT IN ORDER
1, ... mber these sentences in the correct order
(chronological order). Check your answers
in the story on page 5.
o Arthur Lee came to Canada from China.
o The medals went up for auction.
o McCrae's war medals were lost.
III John McCrae wrote the poem
~ "In Flanders Fields."
o Lee started a business in 1985.
O Lee gave the medals to the McCrae
House museum.
o McCrae died in 1918.
~ A coin dealer found McCrae's medals.
~ Arthur Lee bought the medals.
EJ CHECK THE GRAMMAR
Each sentence has one mistake in grammar.
=orrect the underlined mistake. Check your
mswers in the story on page 5.
was
1. John McCrae is born in 1872.
2. McCrae become a military officer.
3. He receive several war medals for his
courage.
t After he died in 1918, the medals are lost.
). Heritage supporters were afraid foreign
collectors will buy them.
). They wanted the medals stay in Canada.
7. The Canadian heritage group had to
dropped out.
L L\ rthur Lee buy the medals.
I. Lee wanted give something back to his
country.
)ntario Reader· 7998
For generations, Canadian school children
have memorized the poem, "In Flanders
Fields," by John McCrae. This poem was
written about 80 years ago, so some of the
words are old-fashioned. The glossary
below will help you.
In Flanders Fields
In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row,
That mark our place; and in the sky
The larks still bravely singing, fly
Scarce heard amid the guns below.
We are the Dead. Short days ago
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
Loved and were loved, and now we lie
In Flanders fields.
Take up our quarrel with the foe;
To you from failing hands we throw
The torch; be yours to hold it high.
If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep, tho poppies grow
In Flanders fields.
Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae
Glossary:
Flanders = a place in Belgium
scarce = hardly
amid = in the middle of
quarrel = fight
foe = enemy
ye = you (old English)
tho = though
poppies = small red flowers. They have
become a symbol for soldiers who
died in war. People wear them on
Remembrance Day, November 11.
 CANADIANS WIN MUSIC AWARDS
.CelineDion
* Celine Dion is a Canadian singer. She sings
pop music. She is popular in many countries.
Celine won six big music awards in March
1997. She won two Grammy awards in the
United States, and four Juno awards in
Canada.
Celine was born in Quebec in 1968. She is
from a large family. She has 13 brothers and
sisters. Her parents are both musicians.
At the age of 12, she composed a French
song. Rene Angelil heard Celine sing the
song. He fell in love with her voice. He
became her manager and produced her first
album. Now, he and Celine are married.
Celine learned English when she was
18 years old. She sings in both English and
French. Her most popular album is called
Falling into You.

** Shania Twain is a country music

superstar. Her album The Woman in Me has
sold more than 12 million copies worldwide.
At the 1997 Canadian Country Music Awards,
she won a special award for her achievements.
She was also named best female country
artist at the American Music Awards.
Shania, 32, was born in Timmins, Ontario.
Her stepfather was Ojibwa, and she grew up
in a Native family. Her name, Shania, means
"I'm on my way" in the Ojibwa language.
"We trapped and hunted," Shania said.
"My grandparents taught me how to track
and snare rabbits." At age 17, she worked in
the bush, planting trees.
Shania was 21 when her parents died in a
car accident. She took on the job of raising
her 13- and 14-year-old brothers. To make
money, she sang and played guitar.
Today, she is one of Canada's best-known
singers.
Courtesy MercurylPofydor

Ontario Reader· 7998 IfJ

B WHICH SINGER IS IT? DI VOCABULARY
ad each sentence. Is it about Shania Twain or Celine Dion? Write the correct word in
Write the correct name in the blank. (Answers: page 93) the blank. (Answers: page 93)
1. Dion She was born in Quebec. sings singer song sang
pop popular
2. She raised her two brothers. music musician
3. ____ She has 13 brothers and sisters.
1. Shania Twain is a
4. ____ She sings in French and English.
Canadian singer
5. ____ She married her manager. 2. She country
6. ____ She sings country music.
7. ____ She sings pop music. 3. She _ _ _ _ for
8. ____ Her parents died in a car accident. many years before she
9. ____ Her parents are both musicians. became a star.
4. Celine Dion composed
10. ---- She worked in the bush. her first _ _ __
11. ____ Her most popular album is Falling into You. when she was 12.
12. ____ Her album sold more than 12 million copies. 5. Dion's father is a

III MISSING VERBS 6. Dion is _ _ __

in many countries.
v r"ite the correct form of these verbs in the blanks. Some
7. Dion sings __ music.
\ _ibs are used more than once. (Answers in "Celine Dion" page 7)
be become compose fall have hear
leam produce sing win ID WHAT ABOUT YOU?
Celine Dion 1 _ _is_ _ a Canadian singer. She 2 _ _ __ Finish the sentences with
information about yourself.
pop music. She 3 _ _ _ _ popular in many countries.
Shania Twain said:
Celine -! six big music awards in March 1997. "My grandparents taught
She 5 - - - - two Grammy awards in the United States, me how to snare rabbits."
and four Juno awards in Canada. You say:
Celine 6 born in Quebec in 1968. She 7 - - - - 1. My mother taught me
from a large family. She 8 13 brothers and sisters. howto _ _ _ __
Her parents 9 both musicians. 2. My father taught me
how to _ _ _ _ __
At the age of 1,2, she 10 a French song. Rene Angelil
1 1 - - - Celine 1 2 - - - the song. He 13 in love "Celine learned English
when she was 18."
with her voice. He 14 _ _ _ _ her manager and 15 _ _ __
3. I learned English when
her first album. Now, he and Celine 16 married.
Celine 17 English when she 18 18 years
4. I learned how to read
'. She 19 in both English and French. Her most when _ _ _ _ __
popular album 20 called Falling into You.
I Ontario Reader· 7998
liberals re-elected by slim majority
'P~l;"\''~'Ij
POPULAR
PARTY SEATS VOTE*

Liberals 155 38%

.................
Reform 60 19%
Bloc 44 11%
NDP 21 11%
PC 20 19%
Ind. 1 2%**
• Percentage of the total number of votes
•• and other .

A. Stawicki/Toronto Star

** Canadians voted in a federal election on June 2, 1997.

They re-elected Prime Minister Jean Chretien and his Liberal
Party. The Liberals won ISS of the 301 seats in the House of
Commons. The Reform Party came second with 60 seats. .'. . . . .;r< ,. .,,;.
They are the Official Opposition. The Bloc Quebecois won
44 seats, the New Democratic Party (NDP) 21, and the
*20thJeanPdme 'tvlinister.;\S ..... '.
Chreti~ni~ Can~~a/s

Progressive Conservatives (PC) 20. One independent was Birth: 'J;h~;~l~l: ·i~j~~'·:~;~·
also elected.
For the first time in history, there are five official parties in 18th of "9 chtldren (10ft '.
the House of Commons (a political party must win 12 seats died at a youn~fage). . .
for "official" status). The number of official parties reflects Home t~\vr,~;"s'~aWI~i~~~:
the political divisions within Canada. The Liberals have seats Q ueb,ec. \·t:)ti;~~,.jT~.~~~~~i'¥:'~·i~t-\(i ...'
in all regions of the country, but two-thirds of their seats are
in Ontario (101 out of 103 seats in the province). All of Family: Married•.Alinein,
Reform's seats are in Western Canada (B.C., Alberta, Manitoba, 1957; the~ha~e~c~il?r~n•.
Saskatchewan). And the Bloc's seats are all in Quebec.
Riding:' ~t.·~a~r1~f.~~e·.••.. . • ·
Voter turnout in this election was the lowest in 72 years.

~:ri~:rr*1;~i~~I+t1:
Only' 67% of eligible voters cast their ballots.
Promises
In his victory speech, Jean Chretien said, "I promise to do as
1963: Firs,teled~d '.f\',1P; \';.
my best and'lead a government with integrity." What did 1967: ~POff}~~gltQ.,S~.~!Q~.~.;
the Liberals promise during the election campaign? They 1990: Chosen as leader of
promised to: the Uber~(p',~rtYr,;~ ·t~:~~t(··;,~,~
• continue to fight the deficit; 1993: Became Prime' ." ,

~~~~7~:t.~~ili~~j~l~
• create jobs, especially for young people;
• protect Canada's health-care system;
,"" .,'
.:.
'~r~·,~, ':~:.~~
• work for national unity (keep Quebec in Canada).

Ontario Reader· 1998 IPJ

 mWHAT'S THE ANSWER?
Answer these questions. (Check your answers in the story on page 9, or on page 93.)
1. When was the last federal election? The last federal election was on June 2, 7997.

2. Which party won the election?

3. How many seats did they win?
4. What percentage of the popular vote did they get?
5. Which party is the Official Opposition? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6. Where does this party have most of its seats? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
7. What percentage of eligible voters voted? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

8. What did the Liberals promise to do for young people?

9. Who is Canada's 20th Prime Minister?

mWHAT'S THE QUESTION?

Write a question for each of these answers. (Answers: page 93)
1. When was Lean Chretien born? ? He was born on January 11,1934.
2. _________________ ? He's a lawyer.
3. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ? Her name is Aline.
4. ___________________ ? In 1957.
5. ____________________? They have four children.
6. _____________________? There are five official parties.
7. _______________ ? Most of the Liberal seats are in Ontario.
8. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ? They are all in Quebec.

Ii RESEARCH
You can get the answers to these questions from Elections Canada at 1-800-463-6868.
1. What riding do you live in? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2. Who is your MP? _________________

3. What political party does he or she belong to? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

1m Ontario Reader· 1998

 FEDERAL ELECTIONS
leBloc . .
estl8pOurvous
*** The federal government is the
government of Canada. The Prime Minister
is the head of the federal government. He or
she decides the date of an election. The time
between elections must not be longer than
five years.
Electoral districts
Canada is divided into electoral districts.
They are also called ridings or constituencies.
There are 301 federal electoral districts.
Each district has about the same population.
The voters in each district elect one
representative to the House of Commons.
He or she is called a Member of Parliament
(MP). Each MP has a "seat" in the House.
Candidates
People who want to be elected are called
candidates. There may be many candidates
in a district. The candidate who gets the
most votes becomes the MP for that district.
Most candidates belong to a political
party. But some do not. They are called
independents.
In the 1997 federal election, there were
almost 1,700 candidates.
Election campaign
The candidates and their political parties
try to persuade people to vote for them. This
is called campaigning. Politicians campaign
in different ways. They go door-to-door and
talk to people. They put up signs. They make
speeches and appear in the media, for
example, radio, television and newspapers.
Laurence Acland
WHO CAN VOTE?
You must be:
• a Canadian citizen
• at least 18 years old.
Elections Canada keeps a list /
of all the people who can vote. Before
an election, everyone on the voters' list
gets a notice in the mail about where
and when to vote.
After the election
The party with the most elected
representatives wins the election. It becomes
the party in power. The leader of this party
becomes the Prime Minister.
If the party in power has more than half
of the seats (MPs), it forms a majority
government. If it has less than half of the
seats, it forms a minority government.
A minority government usually needs the
support of another party to stay in power.
The Prime Minister (PM) chooses the
cabinet ministers. They are responsible for
government departments. The PM and
cabinet ministers make important decisions
about how to run the country.
The parties that are not in power are
called the opposition parties. The opposition
party with the most MPs is called the Official
Opposition. They usually oppose or try to
change the government's proposals. If a
majority of MPs vote against an important
government decision, the party in power is
defeated. The Prime Minister resigns, and
there is usually a new election.
Ontario Reader· 7998 m
11 TRUE OR FALSE? (Answers: page 93) mDEFINITIONS
Read these sentences. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank. Match these words with
the correct definitions
l. F Federal elections must be held within three years. below. (Answers: page 93)

2. Electoral districts are also called ridings. 4 candidate

majority
3. There are 310 federal electoral districts.
minority
4. Each electoral district has about the same population. riding
S. Each district elects one MP. Official Opposition

6. Most candidates do not belong to a political party. independent

voters' list
7. There were almost 1,700 candidates in the election.
cabinet minister
8. The cabinet chooses the Prime Minister. election campaign
9. You must be at least 19 years old to vote.
1. Electoral district

2. More than half

mCHECK THE GRAMMAR 3. Head of a government
Each sentence has one mistake in grammar. Correct the department
underlined mistake. (Check answers in the story on page 11.)
gets . 4. Person who wants to
1. Everyone on the voters' list get a notice in the mail. be elected

2. There is 301 federal electoral districts. S. List of all the people

who can vote
3. Each district have about the same population.
6. The activity before
4. The voters in each district elects one representative. an election when
candidates try to get
S. People who want be elected are called candidates. votes

6. Most candidates belongs to a political party. 7. Less than half

8. Candidate or MP who
7. The PM choose the cabinet ministers.
does not belong to a
political party
8. They oppose or try change the government's proposals.
9. The opposition party
9. You must to be a Canadian citizen to vote. with the most MPs

B Ontario Reader· 1998

 Canada's Parliament
*** Canada has a democratic system of
government. Parliament is the heart of this The Parliament buildings are in Ottawa.
system. It has three parts: the Governor The tower in the centre is called the
General, the House of Commons, and Peace Tower.
the Senate.

Governor General Senate

Canada's Head of State is Queen There are 104 senators in the Senate. They
Elizabeth II. The Governor General is the are not elected. They are chosen by the Prime
Queen's representative in Canada. The Minister. They can keep their positions up
Queen and the Governor General are to age 75. The House of Commons has
symbolic leaders. They have limited power. representation by population. The Senate
The Governor General is appointed for a has representation by region:
five-year term by the Queen on the advice of • 6 from Newfoundland;
the Prime Minister. The Governor General is • 24 from the Maritimes (N.B., N.S., P.E.I.);
Romeo LeBlanc. He was appointed in 1995. • 24 from Quebec;
• 24 from Ontario;
House of Commons • 24 from the West (B.C., Alta., Sask., Man.);
The House of Commons is the most • 2 from Yukon and Northwest Territories.
important part of Parliament. It has 301 The Senate studies bills passed by the
elected represesentatives (Member of House of Commons. The Senate can
Parliament - MP). They are elected by the approve a bill or amend (change) it. If the
people of Canada for a maximum term of Senate approves a bill, it becomes law. If it
five years. MPs debate decisions made by the changes a bill, the bill goes back to the
government. They also vote on new laws. House of Commons. The House can accept,
The Prime Minister (PM) is the head of reject, or amend the Senate's changes.
Canada's government. He or she decides who
will be in the Cabinet. Cabinet ministers are
usually MPs from the Prime Minister's party. SNAPSHOT OF THE HOUSE
They are responsible for government
departments.
Cabinet has the most power in
government. It makes important decisions
about how to run the country. It also
proposes new laws.
All MPs can question the decisions of the
Cabinet in the House of Commons.
The House of Commons votes on
proposals for new laws (bills). If a bill is
passed, it goes to the Senate.
Illustration © Queen's Printer for Ontano, 1988. Reproduced with permISsion.

Ontario Reader· 7998 II!

mFACTS &: FIGURES
Write the correct fact or figure in the blank. (Answers on page 93)

1. The House of Commons has 301 MPs; _-'6::....;0'---_ are women.

2. Canada has a system of government.

3. Canada's head of state is Queen II.
4. The Governor General of Canada is _ _ _ _ _ __

5. MPs are _ _ _ _ _ by the people of Canada for a maximum term of _ _ _ _ years.

6. Senators are by the PM. They can keep their positions up to age _ _ __
7. The House of Commons has representation by _ _ _ _ _ __
8. The Senate has representation by _ _....:.-_ _ __
9. The total number of senators is _ _ _ __ - - - - - senators are from Ontario.

III PUT IT TOGETHER (Check answers in the story on page 13,)

Match the beginning of the sentence on the left with the rest of the sentence on the right.

1. The Queen and the Governor General for a maximum term of five years.
2. Governor General, Romeo LeBlanc, power in government.
3. MPs are elected by the people of Canada was appointed in 1995.
4. The Prime Minister (PM) is or amend it.
5. Cabinet has the most are symbolic leaders.
6. All MPs can question the decisions it goes to the Senate.
7. The House' of Commons votes it goes back to the House of Commons.

8. If a bill is passed by the House, it becomes law.

9. The Senate can approve a bill the head of Canada's government.
10. If the Senate approves a bill are in Ottawa.
11. If the Senate changes a bill on proposals for new laws (bills).
12. The Parliament buildings of the Cabinet in the House of Commons.
 Urban farmers
FARMING IN THE CITY: Lucy and Mike Fink with bushels of
vegetables they grow on 74 hectares of land in Toronto.
** Believe it or not, there are farms in the
city of Toronto. A small number of farmers
still grow crops on land surrounded by
houses and shopping malls.
Mike Fink, 49, is one of those farmers.
He grows vegetables on 14 hectares (35 acres)
in Scarborough. There is a high school across
the road from his farm. Fink remembers
planting beans where the school's sports
teams now play.
"We are definitely farming in the city,"
said Fink.
He and his wife, Lucy, run Mike's Pick Your
Own Vegetables. It's open to the public from
June to the end of October. Customers can
pick their produce in the fields or buy filled
baskets from a stand.
The farm specializes in peas - snow,
sugar-snap and green peas - and in seven
varieties of corn. But the Finks also grow
vegetables like cucumbers, eggplant,
zucchini, romaine lettuce, and chili peppers.
They try to grow what consumers want.
* Mike and Lucy Fink are
farmers. Their farm is in
the city of Toronto. It is
surrounded by houses.
The Finks grow many
kinds of vegetables. Some
examples are peas, corn,
eggplant and zucchini.
People can go to the farm
and pick their own vegetables.
The Finks like farming. But
it is hard work. They work
12 hours a day, seven days
a week during the summer.
For example, an increasing number of their
customers are Chinese Canadians, so they
grow bok choy.
Fink started farming 25 years ago.
"I've thought about quitting a million
times," he said. "Farming is a gamble."
When the weather is too wet, too cold, or
too dry, he risks losing thousands of dollars.
"It's really hard work .. , it's not a
glamorous life," said Lucy Fink, 44.
Beginning in July, the Finks work 12 hours
a day, seven days a week, until the season
ends on October 31. Then they have to plow
the fields, do the paperwork, and order seeds
for the next year's crop. In April, the season
begins again with fertilizing the soil and
putting greenhouse plants in the ground.
Although farm life is hard, it gives the Finks
a lot of satisfaction. Farming has a rhythm
that is very different from regular city life.
"It has a beginning and an end," Mike
Fink said. "I like that."
Adapted with permission from an article written by Amy Pataki for the Toronto Star
Ontario Reader· 1998 1m
 m MISSING WORDS mMYSTERY WORD
Write the correct words in the blanks. Check your answers Write the answers to the
in the one-star (*) story, "Pick your own," on page 15. clues in the blanks. The
Mike and Lucy Fink are 1 farmers . Their farm is in first letter of each answer
is a letter in the Mystery
the city of 2 . It is surrounded by 3 - - - - -
Word. All of the answers
The Finks grow many kinds of 4 • Some are words from the story
examples 5 peas, corn, eggplant and zucchini. People on page 15. (Answers: page 93)
can go to the farm and 6 their own vegetables.
Clues:
The Finks 7 farming. But it is 8 work.
1. different kinds
They work 129 a day, seven days a week during
2. opposite of beginning
the 10----- 3. to take a risk
4. purple vegetable
III YES OR NO? (Answers: page 93) 5. a group of players
Answer these questions. Write yes or no in the blank. 6. Fink started farming
1. Is Mike Fink's farm surrounded by trees? No
25 years - - -.
2. Is there a high school across the road? _ __
7. Chinese vegetable
3. Do all the customers pick their own vegetables? _ __
8. The Finks have 25
4. Do the Finks grow seven varieties of corn? _ __ hectares of - - - -.
5. Does Mike Fink think farming is a gamble? _ _ 9. long form of e.g.
6. Is farming a glamorous and easy life? _ __ 10. on all sides
7. Do the Finks take it easy after October 31? _ __
8. Does the growing season begin in April? _ __ Mystery Word:
~
9. Do the Finks get satisfaction from farming? _ __ varieties
~
2
--------

m VOCABULARY (Answers: page 93)

~--
3

..,-- -----
Cl - Prepositions: Write il1 or on in the blank. 4

1. Mike Fink's farm is in the city of Toronto. f:,-- - - - - - - -

5

2. Fink grows vegetables 14 hectares of land. f:,-- - - -

6

3. The seas.on starts April . ~--

7
4. The season ends October 31. I-- --
8
5. The farm specializes peas and corn.
- ---
6. Customers can pick their produce the fields. 9

~
10
------
C2 - More words:
1. Write the names of 10 vegetables that are in the story L...-- - - - - - - - - -

on page 15. Can you add to this list?

2. Write 10 words from the story that are about farming.

1m Ontario Reader· 7998

 Mega~ity
BIRTH OF A CITY
** On January I, 1998,
the new City of Toronto
was born. The city has
a population of 2.4
million people - the
biggest in Canada. It
amalgamates (combines)
six former municipalities:
North York, Etobicoke,
Scarborough, East York,
York and Toronto.
The amalgamation
was the idea of the provincial government.
They said it would save money. Many people
opposed amalgamation. But the provincial
government passed a law to make it happen.
The mayor of the new city is Mel Lastman.
He was elected in the November municipal
election. He is the head of the city council,
which has 56 elected councillors.
Lastman, 64, was the mayor of North York
for 25 years. During the election campaign,
he promised a tax freeze. But shortly after
he was elected, he said taxes might go up
about 12%. He blamed the provincial
government for this.
The province used to pay most of the
cost of social services such as welfare,
child care, and social housing. Now, it
has transferred a lot of these costs to the
municipalities. In exchange, the provincial
government will pay for other services
such as education.
MUNICIPAL VOTE '97
** Municipalities in Ontario have elections
every three years. The last municipal election
was on November 10, 1997.
Municipalities are cities, towns, or regions.
Each municipality has its own government.
This is often called "local" government.
Each municipality elects a mayor and a
municipal council. The mayor is the head
of the council. The representatives on the
council are usually called councillors.
The municipal council makes important
decisions. It decides how to spend the money
from municipal taxes. It also makes laws for
the municipality. These are called "by-Iaws./I
There are 648 municipalities in Ontario.
Before January 1,1998, there were 815. The
smaller number is because of amalgamations
ordered by the provincial government.
Municipalities provide many important
services. Here are some examples:
• police
• fire protection
• ambulance
• garbage collection
• parks and recreation
• electricity
• water
• road maintenance
• snow removal
• local transportation
• building permits
• social services
• public health services.
Ontario Reader· 1998 m
 J1 FACTS &: FIGURES
Write the correct fact or figure in the blank. (Answers: page 93)

1. The new city of Toronto is the biggest municipality in Canada.

2. It's population is _______
3. The new megacity amalgamates former municipalities.
4. The government said the amalgamation would save money.
S. The mayor of the megacity is . He was the mayor of _ _ _ _ _ __
6. During the election campaign, Lastman promised a freeze.
7. In Ontario, municipalities have elections every _____ years.
8. Municipal government is also called government.
9. Each municipality elects a mayor and a municipal _ _ _ _ _ __
10. There are _ _ _ _ municipalities in Ontario.

iii MUNICIPAL SERVICES

. ..1atch each of these municipal services with one of the pictures. (Answers: page 93)
_11_ social services
police
ambulance
fire protection
local transportation
parking
snow removal
road maintenance
street lights
garbage collection
parks and recreation
public health services
building permits
electricity
water
animal control
:an you think of any other
municipal services? Check the
blue pages of the phone book
under "Municipal Government." Illustrations © Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1988. Reproduced with permISsion

1m Ontario Reader· 1998

Rags-to-riches printer saves 600 jobs
*** Forty-two years ago, Gaetano
Gagliano was a penniless immigrant.
Today, he owns one of Canada's
fastest growing printing companies.
His company, St. Joseph
Corporation, recently bought the
Canada Communications Group
(CCG) which was in financial
difficulty. By buying the company,
Gagliano saved the jobs of 600
CCG workers. He guaranteed their
average annual salaries of $38,000
for two years. When the workers
heard this news, they cheered
and applauded.
Gagliano started his printing
company in the basement of his
Toronto home in the early 1950s.
During the day, he worked as a
track layer for CP Rail. But the
money wasn't enough to support * Gaetano Gagliano is an immigrant from Italy.
his wife and 10 children. To make In the early 1950s, he was a railway worker.
ends meet, he took a part-time job But he had ten children to feed. So he also took
at night with a printing company. a part-time job at night with a printing company.
He made a few extra dollars and In 1953, he started a small printing business.
learned the printing trade.
He worked from the basement of his Toronto
Unfortunately, the company went
out of business six months later. home. Slowly, he built his business. Today, his
Gagliano was desperate, so he company is one of the biggest printers in Canada.
started his own part-time business Gagliano's company is called the St. Joseph
in his home. Working at night, he Corporation. It has 1,100 employees and sales
printed wedding invitations, birth of $200 million a year.
announcements, and other small Seven of his children work in the company.
jobs. It was quality work, and three
years later he was able to move his
printing shop to a ground-floor
location down the street. a lot of glossy catalogues and magazines. It also does
Still, it wasn't easy, his son Tony publications for banks and financial institutions.
recalls. "We didn't buy our first Seven of Gaetano Gagliano's children work for the
piece of new equipment until the St. Joseph Corporation. Gagliano, who is 79 now, is
business was 2S years old." Up to the chief executive officer (CEO) of the company.
that time, they could only afford He drops in daily to check on business.
used equipment. The company has 1,100 employees and sales of
Along the way, the company's $200 million a year. But no matter how big St. Joseph
contracts and technical grows, the Gaglianos will always remember the
sophistication grew. Now it does company's humble beginnings. Adapted with permission- Toronto Star Syndicate

Ontario Reader· 7998 1m

 mPUT IT IN ORDER mMISSING VERBS
Read these sentences about Write the correct form of these verbs in the blanks. Some verbs
Gaetano Gagliano. Then are used more than once. (Answers: "Humble Beginnings", page 19)
number them in the correct be build have start take work
order. Check your answers
in the story on page 19. Gaetano Gagliano 1 is an immigrant from Italy.
In the early 1950s, he 2 a railway worker.
He started a printing
O business in his home.
But he 3 ten children to feed. So he also -1 _ __

o He took a part-time
job to make extra
a part-time job at night with a printing company.
In 1953, he 5 a small printing business.
money. He 6 from the basement of his Toronto home.

o He bought his first

piece of new
Slowly, he 7
8
his business. Today, his company
one of the biggest printers in Canada.
equipment 25 years Gagliano's company 9 called the St. Joseph
later. Corporation. It 10 1,100 employees and sales
111 Gaetano Gagliano of $200 million a year. Seven of his children 11 _ _ _ __
~ came to Canada in the company.
from Italy.
o Today, Gagliano's
company has 1,100
Ii SYNONYMS
Match the words on the left with the underlined words that
employees and sales have the same meaning. (Check answers on page 93.)
of $200 million a year.
o He found a job as a
railway worker.
~ humble

__ penniless
1. Gagliano was without money when
he came to Canada.
2. He had to provide for his family.
st. Joseph
O The
Corporation bought
used 3. He worked part-time to make
additional money.
the Canada extra
Communications 4. He goes to the office every day.
Group. __ support 5. The St. Joseph Corporation had a
o He moved his printing
shop to a location
__ daily
modest beginning.
6. His son remembers how difficult it was.
down the street. annual 7. They bought second-hand equipment.
o He lost his part-time
job because the
__ applauded
8. He comes by everyday to see how
business is going.
company went out 9. Gagliano guaranteed the workers'
recalls
of business. yearly salaries of $38,000.
__ drops in
10. When the workers heard the good
news they cheered and clapped.

mOntario Reader· 7998

 Auto industry in high gear
*** The automobile industry is helping
Ontario's economy. North American car sales
have been very strong for the last few years.
This has created new jobs and investment
in Ontario.
Auto parts and assembly is Ontario's
biggest industry. It makes up 17% of all
manufacturing in the province and employs
176,000 people.
The "Big Three" American auto companies,
Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors, all have
assembly plants in Ontario. In recent years,
they have made big investments here. So
have Japanese manufacturers like Toyota.
They have invested in machinery, plant
expansion, training, and work methods.
The quality of Ontario's workers, low-cost
health care, and the weak Canadian dollar
help to attract investment from manufacturers.
Ontario has 2% of North America's
population. But it builds 15% of all North " ~.' -.'.~,.~~', '.:.,. -.- ~

American cars and trucks. That's more than Pr(Jldu,ctlcm line at Chrysler asseml1ly,
1.5 million vehicles a year. About 85% of , ,: plant in Bramalea. .Qntar/o's"Quto
these vehicles are exported, mostly to the "industry employs 176,()OO\vot:kers. "
" '.'. ",.. " ,t{~~"l
" .... ,'. , t , :' : : ' '. >,

United States.

A LOOK AT ONTARIO'S ECONOMY

Ontario's economy provides jobs for

almost six million workers.
Manufacturing: Ontario produces 52% of
Canada's manufactured goods. The major
industries are auto parts and assembly,
electronics and electrical products
(e.g., computers, appliances), resource-based
industries (e.g., pulp and paper, wood
products, structural materials), chemicals,
pharmaceuticals and plastics.
Services: The service sector provides 70% of
the jobs and 65% of the total value of Ontario's
economy. Important service industries are
business and financial services, computer
services, tourism, health care, and education.
Exports: In 1995, Ontario exported $133
billion worth of goods worldwide; 89% of
these exports went to the United States.
Ontario Reader· 7998 Ell
 TRUE OR FALSE?
Read these sentences. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank. (Answers: page 93)
1. T The auto industry is important to Ontario's economy.
2. Strong car sales have created new jobs and investment in Ontario.
3. The American auto companies do not have assembly plants in Ontario.
4. Japanese auto companies have increased their investment in Ontario.
5. Manufacturers do not like the quality of Ontario's workers.
6. Ontario's health-care system helps to attract investment.
7. Fifty percent of all North American cars and trucks are built in Ontario.
8. Ontario is Canada's second biggest manufacturing province.
9. Most jobs in Ontario are in the manufacturing sector.

Ii VOCABULARY
Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 93)
economy employs exports goods industries investment produces service vehicles
1. Ontario's economy provides jobs for almost six million workers.
2. More than 70% of the jobs in Ontario are in the sector.
3. Ontario 52% of Canada's manufactured - - - - - - -
4. EIghty-nine percent of Ontario's go to the United States.
5. Ontario's auto industry 176,000 workers.
6. Ontario's auto industry builds more than 1.5 million a year.
7. Agriculture and mining are important primary _______ in Ontario.
8. The weak Canadian dollar helps to attract in Ontario.

ri CATEGORIES
Put these words in the correct category. (Answers: page 93)
agriculture 'auto assembly electrical products forestry gas health care
hydro insurance mining nuclear plastics tourism

Manufacturing Services
~,;, - " ,<,
Utilities Primary Industries ,

agriculture
 BALANCING THE BOOKS
*** Every year, the federal government
announces its budget in the House of
Commons. The budget is the govern-
Deficit 93-94: $40 billion
ment's financial plan for the coming
year. The budget reviews the country's Deficit 96-97: $8.9 billion
economic condition and describes how the Surplus: Expected in 1998
government plans to raise and spend money. National Debt: About $600 billion
Federal Finance Minister, Paul Martin,
announced the budget for the fiscal year Interest on debt: 32<t of every tax dollar
1997-98 in February, 1997 (the government's
fiscal year is from April 1 to March 31).
Many people called it a "good news" BUDGET DICTIONAR~
budget. The good news is that there will be
no new taxes. And the deficit is shrinking.
The bad news is that total spending on
government programs will be $3 billion less
than last year. Although 1.4 million
Canadians are unemployed, the budget has
no programs to create jobs.
Martin said, "the Canadian economy is
growing." A stronger economy means that
businesses may hire at least 300,000 people this iffakeslri:
year. But critics say the government should
do more to help people who are out of work. ~~;;"::";1'A%:::;;:,;:;:;' ,*;!g~i~t~:ent rai,ses'
The budget includes a new program to ,~~~~~~~~;a~t',' r:taJ~a~l~~~re~\TJars.
help poor families. There is also a plan to
help university and college students pay for T:~i~~i~~~~~~ftj~"~-·t]he
cost of borrowing':
:h':aebt:\\;~(:>:~·;;·
their education. GrossJ)?I!lestlcProdiict (Gbp):,:~;
Reaction to the budget was predictable. A measure ;pf theyalueofgoods and
Business liked the progress on the deficit.
The Reform Party said Martin should have
services proauceaby the economy. .
,:;/ .,j,~~·¥:d,~t:'11:<i.~~LiLf~~{.~,,:.~Ll~~:: . ,.,:")::~'~~\,.:,;~i;.·", .. ' .', :,' '., .~~" ~
cut taxes. Social activists and labour leaders
said he should have spent more on job There are several reasons for the decrease
creation and social programs. in the deficit:
• government spending cuts;
Deficit cutting • lower interest rates (government has to
In recent years, both federal and provincial pay less interest on the national debt);
governmeots have made drastic cuts in • increased tax revenue from the growing
spending. In the 1970s and 1980s govern- economy.
ments spent more money than they raised. Although Ottawa will soon have an
Now they have to pay billions of dollars in annual surplus, Canada's total debt is about
interest payments for the money they owe. $600 billion. The government spends 321t
In 1993-94, the federal deficit was more of every tax dollar on interest payments for
than $40 billion. On March 31, 1997, it was the debt. Martin said he will use half of the
down to $8.9 billion. Martin said that surplus to pay down the debt. The other
Ottawa will balance the books in 1998. half he will spend on government programs.

Ontario Reader· 7998 m

 IJ WHAT'S THE ANSWER? [i BUDGET WORDS
Write the answers to these questions on a separate piece of Match these words with
paper. (Check answers on page 93.) the correct definitions
below. (Answers: page 93)
1. Who is the federal Finance Minister?
2. How often does the government announce the budget? 4 calendar year
3. What's happening to the federal deficit? fiscal year
4. What was the Reform Party's criticism of the budget? revenue
S. What was the labour leaders' criticism of the budget?
expenditure
6. When will Ottawa balance the books?
deficit
7. Why do lower interest rates help to decrease the deficit?
8. How will Martin spend a surplus?
surplus
9. How much is the national debt? debt
interest
budget
iii CHECK THE GRAMMAR
Each sentence has one mistake in grammar. Correct the 1. the cost of borrowing
nderlined mistake. (Check answers in the story on page 23.) money
called
1. Many people was call it a "good news" budget. 2. the total of all deficits
over the years (total
2. There will to be no new taxes. money owed)
3. The budget have no programs to create jobs. 3. when revenue is greater
than expenditure
4. Martin said, "the Canadian economy be growing."
4. Jan. 1 to Dec. 31
S. Businesses may to hire at least 300,000 people.
S. the government's
6. The government should does more to help people financial plan for the
who are out of work. year
7. The government should has cut taxes. 6. financial year (for the
8. The government should have spend more on job government it's April 1
creation .. to March 31)
7. when expenditure is
9. Ottawa will to balance the books in 1998.
.greater than revenue
10. Ottawa will soon having an annual surplus. 8. money the government
11. Martin will uses half of the surplus to pay down spends (expenses)
the deficit. 9. money the government
12. The other half he wills spend on government programs. takes in (income)

III Ontario Reader· 7998

 Credit
** People use credit in many ways. They
go shopping and pay with a credit card. They
get a loan to buy a car. They get a mortgage
to buy a house.
Credit lets you buy now and pay later.
Credit is convenient, but it is not free. You
pay interest on the money that you borrow.
For example, the annual interest on some
bank credit cards is about 17%.
A creditor is the person or business that
gives you credit (lends you money). A
creditor might be a bank, a store, or a credit
card company. When you use credit, you
have a legal agreement with a creditor. You
and the creditor agree on the rate of interest,
how much your payments will be, and how
often. You must pay back all the money that G. luern
you owe. You must also pay the interest.
back, and other credit information.
Are you credit worthy? A good credit record is important. If you
Creditors want to know if you are credit have a poor record, creditors will not lend
worthy. Can they trust you? Will you make you money.
your payments? Creditors get your record from credit
When you apply for credit, creditors ask bureaus. Credit bureaus keep computer files
you questions. Here are some examples: about people who use credit.
• Where do you live? You have the right to see your credit
• How long have you lived there? record. For information on how to get a copy
• Do you rent or own your home? of your credit record, call 1-800-465-7166 .
• Where do you work?
• How much money do you make? How to keep a good credit record
• What is your employment history? • Don't sign a credit contract unless you
• Does your spouse work? understand it. Make sure the information
• How many people do you support? is correct.
• How old are you? • Never sign a blank page. Your signature
• How much money do you owe? is your promise to pay. A contract is a legal
• Do you pay your bills on time? agreement.
• What assets (house, car, etc.) do you have? • Deal with established companies that
• How much of a down payment can you have a good reputation.
make? • Always pay your bills on time.
• If you are in financial trouble and can't
A good credit record is important make a payment, let the company know
A credit record is also called a credit rating. before the due date. Most credit companies
It is a history of all the times you used credit. will help to rearrange your payments.
It shows when you borrowed money, how • Try to payoff any debt qUickly. Avoid
much you borrowed, if you paid the money "low monthly payments. II

Ontario Reader· 7998 fit

mCREDIT WORDS
Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 93)
agreement bill borrow credit creditor due interest lend loan
owe pay payments record sign signature
1. When you use credit , you must pay interest to the _ _ _ _ __
2. Banks money to people. People often get a bank to buy a car.
3. You pay on the money you from the bank.
4. You must pay back all the money you _ _ _ _ __
s. If you have a poor credit , creditors will not lend you money.
6. Don't sign a credit contract unless you understand it. It is a legal _ _ _ _ __
7. Never a blank page. Your is your promise to pay.
8. Try to off any debt qUickly. Avoid low monthly _ _ _ _ __
9. If you can't pay a ______, let the company know before the _ _ _ _ _ date.

III ARE YOU CREDIT WORTHY?

Write one of these words in the blank to make a question. Then match the question
with one of the answers. (Answers: page 93)
do does is are have can
1. Where do you live? _ a) $32,000 a year.
2. How long you lived there? _ b) Yes, I do.
3. you rent or own your home? __ c) I can pay $2,000 down.
4. Where you work? __ d) For three years.
S. How much money you make? __ e) I don't have any debts.
6. What your employment history? __ f) At Star Data Services.
7. .your spouse work? _ g ) I'm 32.
8. How many people you support? __ h) We have two young children.
9. How old you? __ i) This is my first job in Canada.
10. How much money you owe? __ j) Yes, my husband works.
11. you pay your bills on time? _ k) I rent.
12. What assets you have? _1_ 1) At S9 John Street.
13. How much of a down payment _ __ __m) We have a 1994 Toyota, a Pentium
you make? computer, a T.V., and furniture.
 HOUSING COSTS ACROSS THE COUN IRY
* The chart shows the cost of renting or buying a home in some Canadian cities.

~~I~~ry ............... ~~ ~~,~~~

~~~rI.o~t~t.o':N~ . . . . . . . . . . . . ~~1.'~1. 3.
~r.e~~r~c~~n...... $~?~ .... ~~ ~~,~~~
~~I!f~~ . . . . . . . . $??~ .... ~~ 1. ~,?~~
· . . . . . . . . . . . .$570
Montreal . . . . . . . .$116,771
..... .
Ottawa $886
· ......................... . $146,694
~~Qi~~ ........ $.6~? .... ~~~,?~~
St.
· .. . . . . . . . . . .$593
John's . . . . . . . . .$99,642
.... .
Toronto $977
, ......................... .
$213,635
· . . . . . . . . . . . .$986
Vancouver . . . . . . . .$283,637
..... .
Winnipeg

What you get for SOURCE - Hause prices: Canadian Real Estate
Association, July 7991
Monthly rents: Canadian Mortgage and HOUSing

$150,000
Corporation, October 7996

** What kind of home can you buy for $150,OOO?

That depends on where you live.
In Quebec City, $150,000 buys a very comfortable,
four-bedroom, 2,380-square-foot home in excellent
condition.
In Toronto you get a lot less for your money.
You might get a three-bedroom, l,100-square-foot
condominium in Scarborough.
That's still better than Vancouver. It's the most
expensive city in Canada for real estate. There you
might get a one-bedroom, 706-square-foot townhouse
in fair condition.
In Winnipeg, most houses cost less than $100,000.
For $150,000 you can get a four-bedroom home in a
very good neighbourhood.
And in Summerside, P.E.!, $150,000 is at the top
of the market. You can get a 2,200-square-foot home
with a finished basement. The house will be on a big
lot with large trees. Source: Century 27 Survey

Ontario Reader· 7998 m

 -,-

mYES OR NO? (Answers: page 93)

Answer these questions about the chart on housing costs, page 27. Write yes or no in the blank.
1. Is Toronto the most expensive city to live in? No
2. Are the most expensive houses in Vancouver? _ __
3. Are the least expensive houses in St. Johns? _ _
4. Are the cheapest apartments in Fredericton? _ _
5. Is it cheaper to rent in Ottawa than in Montreal? _ _
6. Is it cheaper to buy a house in St. John's than in Montreal? _ __
7. Is it more expensive to buy a house in St. John's than in Regina? _ __
8. Is it more expensive to rent in Toronto than in Ottawa? _ _
9. Is it less expensive to rent in Winnipeg than in Calgary? _ _

III MISSING WORDS

Write the correct word in the blank. (Check answers in "What you get for $150,000", page 27.)
What kind of home can you buy for $150,000? That 1 depends on where you live.
In Quebec City, $150,000 buys a very comfortable, four-bedroom, 2,380-square-foot
home in excellent 2 - - - - - -
In Toronto you get a lot J _ _ _ _ _ _ for your money. You might get a
three-bedroom, 1, 100-square-foot "* _ _ _ _ _ _ in Scarborough.
That's still s than Vancouver. It's the 6 expensive city
in Canada for real estate. There you might get a one-bedroom, 706-square-foot
- - - - - - - in fair condition.
In Winnipeg, most houses cost less 8 $100,000. For $150,000 you can
get a four-bedroom home in a very good 9 - - - - - -
And in Summers ide, P.E.!, $150,000 is at the top of the 10 • You can get

a 2,200-square-foot home with a finished 11 • The house will be on a

big 12 _ _ _ _ _ _ with large trees.

mTRY THIS
1. Rewrite the chart on page 27. First, change the order of the cities. They are in alphabetical
order now. Put them in order by monthly rent. Start with the lowest rent first.
Also, add a column for the name of the province for each city.

2. Write or talk about your home. Do you live in an apartment or a house? How big is
your home? How much rent do you pay? What's your neighbourhood like?
Or, you can write some questions to ask a partner about his or her home.
1:1:1 /"'\_. __ :_ n __ -1 ___ 1 t'\t'\o
 BUilDING A CANADIAN HOUSE
** About 165,000 new houses are built in Canada every year.
Here are some facts about the average-size, single-family home.
Construction - Most houses have a concrete or cement-
block foundation. The frame is usually wood. The exterior
is often brick, vinyl siding, wood siding, or a combination
of these. It takes 109 workers about eight weeks to build a
typical Canadian house.
Size - The typical house has three bedrooms and 1,600 to
2,000 square feet (150 to 185 square metres) of living space.
Heating - High-efficiency gas furnaces are the number
one choice in new homes.
Floors - The most popular floor covering is wall-to-wall
carpet. In kitchens and bathrooms, people like ceramic tiles.
Buyers - On the average, people look at a new house for
17 to 20 minutes before they decide to buy it.
Mortgages - About 50% of all homeowners are paying off
a mortgage. Most owners have 12 years to go until their
mortgage is paid off.

GETTING A MORTGAGE
*** In Toronto, the average price of a
house is $214,000. Most people don't have
this much money. So they borrow from a
bank or other financial institution. This
type of loan is called a mortgage.
To qualify for a mortgage you need a
certain level of income. Banks use a formula
to decide this. Usually the total of your
mortgage payments, utilities, and taxes on
the house cannot be higher than 32% of
your gross family income. You also need
a down payment of 25% of the price
of the hous~. For example, for a $150,000
house, your down payment would be $37,500.
Your mortgage would be $112,500. But it is
possible to get a high-ratio mortgage. With
a high-ratio mortgage, the down payment
could be as low as 5%. High-ratio mortgages
are insured by the Canadian Mortgage and
Housing Corporation (CMHC). They are
available through banks and trust companies.
Words to know
Interest: The cost of borrowing money.
Average interest rates on mortgages are
about 6.75% (December 1997).
Principal: The amount of money you
borrowed. When you make a mortgage
payment, part of the payment is interest
cost. The remainder reduces your principal.
Amortization period: You can make
mortgage payments weekly or monthly.
Usually, the payments are calculated over
a period of 25 years. This is called the
amortization period. It means that in 25
years your mortgage will be paid off.
Gross family income: All the money that
the buyers of the house make before taxes
and other deductions. The money that is
left is called net income ("take-home" pay).
Utilities: Electricity, water, fuel for heating.

Ontario Reader· 7998 PII

B CHECK THE FACTS mFIGURE IT OUT
Each sentence has one word or fact that is not correct. Find the (Answers: page 93)
mistake and correct it. (Answers in "Building a Canadian House" p. 29)
1. You want to buy a
Canada
1. About 165,000 houses are built in ~o every year. condominium. The price
is $100,000. You have to
2. It takes 109 workers about eight months to build a house. make a down payment of
25%. How much will your
3. Most houses have a wood or cement-block foundation. mortgage be?
4. The typical house has three bathrooms.
2. You want to buy a
5. High-efficiency oil furnaces are the number one choice. house. The price is
$150,000. You are getting
6. The least popular floor covering is wall-to-wall carpet. a high-ratio mortgage, so
your down payment is 5%.
7. People look at a new house for 17 to 20 days before buying.
How much will your
8. About 15% of all homeowners are paying off a mortgage. mortgage be?

9. Most owners have 12 years until their mortage is renewed. 3. You have a mortgage of
$50,000. The interest rate
on your mortgage is 8%.
III MORTGAGE WORDS How much interest do you
pay a year? A month?
Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 93)
down payment income mortgage price principal utilities 4. You want to buy a
amortization financial gross net condominium, but you
need a mortgage for
1. Most people need a mortgage to be able to buy a house. $100,000. Your mortgage
payments, utilities and
2. The average of a house in Toronto is $214,000. taxes will be $1,200 a
month. Your gross family
3. People usually borrow from a bank or _ _ _ _ __
income is $2,400 a month.
institution. Will you qualify for a
4. You need a certain level of to qualify mortgage?
for a mortgage.
5. You want to buy a
5. You usually have to make a of 25%. house, but you need a
6. The bank calculates the monthly cost of your mortgage mortgage for $180,000.
payment, and taxes. Your mortgage payments,
utilities and taxes will be
7. These payments cannot be higher than 32% of your $1,600 a month. Your
_ _ _ _ _ _ family income. gross family income is
8. Part of your mortgage payment reduces the _ _ _ __ $66,000 a year. Will you
qualify for a mortgage?
9. Most mortgages have an period of 25 years.
10. Your _ _ _ _ _ _ income is your take-home pay.
 Saved by Mother Teresa
*** Mother Teresa was a Catholic nun
who lived in Calcutta, India. She helped
thousands of poor, sick, and homeless people.
Sara denBok is a young mother who lives
in Collingwood, Ontario. She believes
Mother Teresa saved her life."Without
Mother Teresa, I wouldn't have survived,"
she said.
That's why the death of Mother Teresa
in September 1997 was very sad news for
denBok. "It was a shock," she said. "Mother
Teresa has always been part of my life."
Mother Teresa devoted her life to helping
the poorest of the poor. Born in Albania, she
went to India as a young woman. There she
cared for the destitute and the dying for
more than SO years. In 1979, she won a
Nobel Peace Prize. She was 87 when she died.
Mother Teresa touched the lives of many
people. One of them was Sara denBok.
When denBok was three years old, a police
officer found her abandoned and battered
on the streets of Calcutta. He took her to
Mother Teresa's orphanage. The orphanage
took care of her.
Two years later, denBok was adopted by
Audrey and Eldon Bell. Sara was one of the
first children from the orphanage to be
adopted by a Canadian family.
DenBok grew up in Stayner, Ontario. She
lived a life of comfort very different from
the hunger and pain she knew as a child.
The Bells kept in touch with Mother Teresa.
Every year, they sent a picture of Sara. Later,
denBok herself wrote letters. Now, her most
prized possessions are two letters written to
her personally by Mother Teresa.
In 1994, denBok returned to India. She
worked as a volunteer in Mother Teresa's
orphanage for a time. When she was there,
she met Mother Teresa.
Today, denBok, 27, lives in Collingwood
with her husband, Tim, and young son, Daniel.
She is forever grateful to Mother Teresa.
She believes that Mother Teresa's death was
a great loss to the world.
Adapted With permiBion from on article written by Roberta Avery for The Toronto Star

Ontario Reader· 7998 m

 '." .'•. ' '.,: •• " , 1. , .

mPUT IT IN ORDER (Check answers in the story on p. 31) [I MYSTERY WORD

Number these sentences in the correct order. Write the answers to the
D Sara returned to India and met Mother Teresa. clues in the blanks. The
first letter of each answer
D The orphanage took care of Sara. is a letter in the Mystery
Word. All of the answers
D Mother Teresa died in September 1997. are words from the story
on page 31. (Answers: page 93)
D The police officer took Sara to Mother Teresa's orphanage.
OJ Mother Teresa was born in Albania. Clues:
1. police - - - - - - -
D A Canadian couple adopted Sara. 2. to go back
3. opposite of war
D ofA police officer found Sara abandoned on the streets
Calcutta. 4. without a home
D More than SO years ago, Mother Teresa went to India S. raise a child as your
own
to help poor and homeless people.
J Sara grew up in Stayner, Ontario. 6. - - - - - Peace Prize
7. left alone
8. thankful
mMISSING VERBS (Check answers in I-star (*) story, p. 31) 9. The Bells sent a
picture of Sara to
Write the correct form of these verbs in the blanks. Some Mother Teresa
verbs are used more than once. - - - - - year.
adopt be believe die find grow help live say take
Mother Teresa 1 was a Catholic nun. She 2 _ _ __ Mystery Word:
in Calcutta, India. She 3 _ _ _ _ _ thousands of sick and r;--
o ttL(gr
homeless children. T-
Sara denBok 4 _ _ _ _ one of the children. When she -;-------
3

5 three years old, a police officer 6 her on -;--

4
----
the street. He i her to Mother Teresa's orphanage. ...-- -------
5
Two years later, a Canadian family 8 Sara. ----
6'"
She 9 up in Stayner, Ontario. She 10 _ _ _ __
-r- - - - -
a comfortable, happy life.
--------
"...-
8
Today, she ll _ _ _ _ in Collingwood with her husband
-------
"...-
and young son. She 12 Mother Teresa saved her 9

life. She was very sad when Mother Teresa 13 _ _ _ _ in -----

September 1997. lilt 14 a shock," Sara 1 5 - - - -
liThe world has lost a wonderful woman."
 P.E.I.'s new link

CONFEDERATION BRIDGE
John Sylvester
* The Confederation Bridge
** A spectacular, new bridge connects Prince Edward opened on June 1, 1997.
Island to Canada's mainland. Its official name is the It connects Prince Edward Island
Confederation Bridge. But many Islanders call it "the and New Brunswick.
link./I Some call it "the curse./I Construction time: Fall 1993 to
The bridge is huge. It is 12.9 kilometres long. Spring 1997
Driving across it at normal speed takes 12 minutes.
At the midpoint, the bridge is 60 metres above the Cost: About $1 billion
water of the Northumberland Strait. Length: 12.9 kilometres
The Confederation Bridge opened on June I, 1997. Height: 60 metres
It replaces the year-round ferry service between P.E.!.
and New Brunswick. The first ferry service was in 1917. Toll: $35 dollars per car
The proposal to build a bridge was a very emotional Capacity: 2,000 cars per hour
issue. Many Islanders opposed it. They feared it would Distinction: The longest span in
destroy the Island's quiet way of life. But in a 1988 the world over water that freezes.
referendum, 60% of the islanders voted to build a
physical link to the mainland.
Prince Edward Island is called the Garden of the
Gulf (Gulf of St. Lawrence). It has lush vegetation,
rich, red soil and beautiful, sandy beaches. The 45-
minute ferry trip was part of the romance of P.E.1.
But the trip wasn't always wonderful. In bad weather,
the crossing was rough. Sometimes in the winter, the
boats got stuck in the ice. And in the busy summer,
passengers had to wait for hours.
Supporters of the bridge say it will make life more
convenient. It will bring more business, jobs, and
tourists to the island.
Opponents say the pace of life will be faster. The
bridge will bring more crime, pollution, and social
problems.
Whatever happens, the bridge is here to stay. It was
built to last 100 years.
Ontario Reader· 7998 III
 B GET THE FACTS (Answers: p. 33) [i PREPOSITIONS
Complete the facts about the Confederation Bridge and P.E.I. Write the correct
Match the words on the left with the numbers on the right. preposition in the blank.
Some prepositions are
1. Cost d a. 135,000 used more than once.
2. Construction time b. 2,000 cars per hour (Check answers on page 33.)
3. Length c. 12 minutes above across at
4. Height d. $1 billion between in on to
5. Normal crossing time e. 60 metres
1. The bridge connects
6. Toll f. 1873 P.E.I. to Canada's
7. Capacity g. 12.9 kilometres mainland.
8. Population h. $35 per car
2. Driving it
9. Joined Confederation i. 3.5 years at normal speed takes
12 minutes.
1m ADJECTIVES 3. the midpoint,
Adjectives come before nouns or after the verb be. Examples: the bridge is 60 metres
(a) P.E.I. has a new bridge. (b) The bridge is new. _ _ _ the water.

Bl. Write the correct adjective in the blank. (Answers: p.93) 4. The bridge opened
convenient emotional huge lush nonnal physical _ _ _ June I, 1997.
quiet rough sandy
5. It replaces the ferry
1. The Confederation Bridge is huge
service P.E.!.
2. It takes 12 minutes to cross it at speed. and New Brunswick.
3. The bridge is P.E.I's link to the mainland.
4. The proposal to build a bridge was an issue. 6. The first ferry service
5. Some people fear it will destroy P.E.I.'s way of life. was 1917.
6. P.E.I. has vegetation and beautiful, beaches.
7. bad weather,
7. In bad weather the ferry crossing was _ _ __ the crossing was rough.
8. Some people say life on P.E.I. will be more _ _ __
8. Sometimes the boats
Usual order of adjectives: got stuck the
OPINION SIZE AGE COLOUR NATIONALITY MATERIAL ice.
beautiful big old blue Chinese wood
........................................... 9. The bridge will bring
B2. Correct any mistakes in adjective order. (Answers: p. 93) more tourists _ __
1. P.E.I. is a Canadian, small province. the island.
2. P.E.I. has sandy, beautiful beaches.
10. The bridge is the
3. P.E.I. has green, lush vegetation. longest span _ __
4. The new, spectacular bridge will make life on P.E.I. easier. the world over water
S. The Canadian, cold weather keeps tourists away in winter. that freezes.
6. The old, large ferry boat doesn't operate any more.

III Ontario Reader· 7998

 Rediscovering Newfou dland
*** On May 2, 1497, John Cabot sailed
into the North Atlantic to find a sea route
to Asia. He left from Bristol, England, on
his ship the Matthew. Fifty-three days later,
he landed in North America. Cabot claimed
his discovery for England. He called it
"New Founde Landes."
Five hundred years later, a replica of the
Matthew followed Cabot's journey across the
Atlantic. It sailed into Bonavista, Nfld., on
June 24, 1997 - exactly 500 years after Cabot.
The modern Matthew was greeted by the Queen
and thousands of spectators. The ship's
arrival kicked-off a summer of festivities to
celebrate Newfoundland's SOOth anniversary.
John Cabot was born in Italy. His Italian
name was Giovanni Caboto. There are no
written records of his voyage, so it is
impossible to know exactly where he landed.
Some historians believe it was on Cape
Breton Island. Others say it was at Bonavista,
a fishing town 301 kilometres north of St.
John's (by road). That's certainly what the Dick Green/Courtesy Government of Newfoundland and Labrador

people of Newfoundland believe. They are

very proud of their place in history. CANADA'S YOUNGEST PROVINCE

History of Newfoundland * The province of Newfoundland includes

Newfoundland's history is a story of survi-
val. The island's harsh climate and rugged
landscape made settlement very difficult.
The first inhabitants of the island were the
Beothuk. They lived there for thousands of
years before the Europeans. Today, the
Beothuk are extinct.
The first Europeans arrived about 1,000
years ago. They were Norse explorers from
Iceland and Greenland. They settled for a
short time in the north part of the island.
Cabot came in 1497. In the 16th century,
the Portuguese, Spanish, French, and English
fished the waters around Newfoundland,
but did not settle there. The first permanent
settlers were mostly from Ireland and
England. They lived in small fishing villages
along the coast. The number of settlers grew
from about 12,000 in 1763 to 202,000 in 1891.
Labrador and the island of Newfoundland.
Nickname: The Rock
Population: About 600,000
Capital: st. John's
Economy: Fishing, mining, pulp and paper,
wood products, hydro electricity
Size: Slightly larger than Japan
Location: Canada's easternmost province;
Ireland is 3,000 km to the east; Winnipeg,
in mid-Canada, is 3,100 km to the west.
Newfoundland is Canada's youngest
province. It did not join Confederation until
1949. Before that, it was a colony of England.
The history of Newfoundland centres
around its rich fishery. For hundreds of years
people fished for cod off the island's coast.
Today, the cod have almost disappeared.

Ontario Reader· 7998 m

mTRUE OR FALSE? (Answers: page 93) mSAME MEANING
Read these sentences. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank. Match the words that
mean the same. All the
1. _F_ Cabot was born in England. numbered words are from
2. _ _ Cabot was looking for North America. page 35. (Answers: page 93)
3. _ _ In 1497, Cabot claimed his discovery for England. arrived copy documents
4. _ _ 500 years later Cabot's ship sailed into Bonavista. ocean precisely rough
shore started trip
S. _ _ We know exactly where Cabot first landed.
6. _ _ Newfoundland had its SOOth anniversary in 1997. 1. coast shore
7. _ _ The original inhabitants of the island still live there. 2. exactly
8. _ _ Cabot was the first European in Newfoundland. 3. journey
9. _ _ Life was not easy for Newfoundland's first settlers. 4. kicked-off
10. _ _ Newfoundland became part of Canada in 1949. S. landed
11. _ _ The cod fishery was important to Newfoundland.
6. records

mPUT IT IN ORDER 7. replica

8. rugged
Number these sentences in the correct order. (Answers: p. 35)
9. sea
D Newfoundland joined Confederation.
D A replica of Cabot's ship sailed from Bristol, England. II OPPOSITES
D Cabot landed in Newfoundland in 1497. Match the words that have
the opposite meaning. All
D The Irish and English established permanent settlements. the numbered words are
D The population grew to 202,000. from page 35.
ancient ashamed departure
(Answers: p. 93)

D The Portuguese and others came to fish, but did not stay. east easy excludes
OJ The Beothuk were the first inhabitants of Newfoundland. separate southdeparture
temporary

D The first Europeans arrived about 1,000 years ago. 1. arrival

D Newfoundland kicked-off its SOOth anniversary celebration. 2.3. difficult

includes
[i PAST TENSE 4. join
Write the past tense of these verbs. (Answers: page 35) S. modern

1. arrive arrived S. come 6. north

7. permanent
2. call 6. grow
8. proud
3. claim 7. leave
9. west
4. follow 8. make
 CANADA'S FIRST NATIONS
*** Native people have lived in Canada
for thousands of years. TodaYt there are
about 7.2 million aboriginal people
across the country.
Traditional Native cultures
Canada's first people crossed the
Bering Strait from Asia about
25,000 years ago. They developed many
different cultures and societies. They spoke
53 different languages.
Native people had a deep respect for the
land and its wildlife. They lived in harmony
with the land.
In the fertile lands of southern Ontario,
the people were farmers. They grew many
varieties of corn, beans, and squash. They
had complex systems of government.
In the vast grasslands of the prairies,
the people lived in small groups. They
travelled from place to place to hunt buffalo.
Their homes were portable teepees made of
buffalo skins.
On the Pacific coast, Native people had a
very different culture. They lived by the sea,
surrounded by cedar forests. The sea
provided their food - salmon, seals, and
whales. The people built permanent villages
of large, wood houses.
a Contact with the Europeans
Europeans first arrived in Canada
during the 16th century. Their
arrival significantly changed Native cultures.
The fur trade and guns killed many of the
animals that Natives hunted. The Europeans
also brought diseases such as smallpox and
tuberculosis. These diseases destroyed many
Native communities. As more European
settlers came, Native people were pushed
out of their lands. As a result, they often
had to live in areas where food was scarce.
Before the arrival of the Europeans, there
were about one million Native people in
Canada. By 1867, there were about 140,000.
Treaties & government control
II In 1760, Canada became a colony
of Great Britain. Under British law,
Native people did not own the land. But they
had legal rights to use the land and live on it.
Settlers could not own the land until Native
people gave up their rights. As Canada
developed, more settlers wanted land. The
government negotiated with Native bands to
give up their land rights. These agreements
were called treaties. Most treaties gave Native
people money and "reserve" lands to live on.
The rest of the land was sold to settlers.
Most Native people did not want the
treaties. But they wanted protection from land-
hungry settlers and for their way of life. Some
bands never gave up their rights to the land.
In 1876, the government passed the Indian
Act. It gave the government power to control
the Native people and their reserves. Native
people did not have the rights of citizenship.
They could not vote. Their languages and
customs were discouraged.
g J
Keys to the future
By the early 1900s, many reserves
could not support the people who
lived there. Living conditions were poor.
Many people left the reserves to find work.
In the late 1940s, Native leaders began to
speak out. They wanted equality for Native
people. They wanted to manage their own
communities and reserve lands. They also
wanted to keep their cultural heritage. Native
people formed organizations to fight for their
interests. They began to negotiate land claims
with the government. Many claims were for
treaty promises that had never been kept.
In 1982, Canada's Constitution recognized
the aboriginal and treaty rights of the Indian,
Metis, and Inuit people.
Today, many Native communities run
successful businesses. They control their own
education, health, and police services. They
see self-government and local economic
development as the keys to their future.
Ontario Reader· 1998 m
 mWHAT'S THE ANSWER? (Check answers on page 93.) [I PREPOSITIONS
Write the answers to the questions on a separate piece of paper. Write the correct
preposition in the blank.
1. Did Native people develop many different cultures? Some prepositions are
2. Did they live in harmony with the land? used more than once.
3. Did contact with the Europeans help Native cultures? (Answers: page 93)

4. Did Native people have legal rights to the land? by from in all out to
S. Did all Native people sign treaties with the government? 1. Native people came to
6. Did the Indian Act give Native people the right to vote? Canada from Asia.
7. How long have Native people lived in Canada?
2. In the prairies, people
8. How many languages did they speak? lived small
9. How did they feel about the land and its wildlife? groups.
10. What rights did Native people have under British law?
3. They travelled from
11. Why did the government negotiate treaties with them? place place.
12. What was the purpose of the Indian Act?
4. the Pacific
coast, Native people
had a different culture.
mCHECK THE GRAMMAR S. They lived _ __
Each sentence has one mistake in grammar. Correct the the sea, surrounded
underlined mistake. (Check answers in the story on page 37.) - - - cedar forests.
arrived
1. Europeans first arrive in Canada during the 16th century. 6. Native people had the
right to live _ __
2. They bring diseases such as smallpox and tuberculosis. the land.
3. Natives often had to lived in areas where food was scarce. 7. They were pushed
4. In 1760, Canada become a colony of Great Britain. _ _ _ of their lands.

S. Under British law, native people did not owned the land. 8. They had to live _ _
areas where food was
6. They had legal rights to used the land and live on it. scarce.
7. Some bands never give up their rights to the land. 9. They wanted protection
8. In 1876, Native people did not had the rights of citizenship. ___ land-hungry
settlers.
9. In 1876, they can not vote.
10. Many people left the reserves to found work.
11. In the late 1940s, Native leaders begin to speak out.
12. They wanted to managed their own communities.

lEI Ontario Reader· 7998

 Changesi
*** Ontario spends about
$14 billion a year on
education. The provincial
government says that, on
average, Ontario spends
$644 more per student than
the other provinces.
The government wants to
reduce the cost of education.
At the same time, it wants
to improve the quality of
education.
To achieve this goal, the
government is making many
changes to Ontario's public
education system. Here are
some of the changes. Tony Bock/Toronto Star

Teachers and supporters rally at Ontario's teachers went

New curriculum Queen's Park. During the strike on strike in October 1997.
Grades 1 to 8 (elementary 726,000 teachers and 2. 7 million For two weeks all public
school) started a new students were out of school. elementary and secondary
curriculum in the fall of - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 schools were closed.
1997. The curriculum secondary schools) will have The teachers walked out
describes what students a new curriculum. It will put to protest the government's
should learn in each grade. more emphasis on career Bill 160, the Education
The Minister of Education e~ucation and workplace Quality Improvement Act.
said the curriculum is more experience. And all students The government said it
rigorous. Students will read, in grade 10 will have to write needed the bill to improve
write, and spell at an earlier a provincial literacy exam. the quality of education.
age. Parents and teachers will The teachers said the
have a clear understanding Fewer school boards bill was a power grab. Its
of what children should learn. The government's Fewer real purpose was to cut
Students will also have Sc11001 Boards Act will reduce $1 billion out of the
regular tests. And there is a the number of major school education budget.
new standard report card. boards from 129 to 72. Bill 160 gives the
All schools in the province School boards (also called provincial government
will be using the new report boards of education) run the central control over
card by September 1998. schools in their districts. education taxes, class sizes,
Starting on January I, 1998, teachers' qualifications,
High-school reform many school boards will be and other areas. Before,
A new four-year high- amalgamated. For example, these were controlled by
school program will begin the six school boards in the local school boards.
in September 1999. It will former Metropolitan Toronto Many teachers say they
eliminate grade 13. Students will become one large board. will continue to fight
will complete 30 credits in It will be the largest school against the government's
four years instead of five. board in Canada with more changes to education.
High schools (also called than 300,000 students.
Ontario Reader· 7998 1m
B TRUE OR FALSE? (Answers: page 94) Ii] SAME MEANING
Read these sentences. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank. Match the words that
mean the same. All the
1. _F_ Grades 1 to 8 will start a new curriculum in 1998.
numbered words are from
2. _ _ It describes what students should learn in each grade. page 39. (Answers: page 94)
3. _ _ Elementary students will have regular tests. accomplish areas autumn
4. _ _ Starting in September 1999, there will be no grade 13. big finish get rid of
make better secondary school
5. _ _ High schools are also called elementary schools.
1. achieve accomplish
6. The number of school boards will increase.
7. _ _ The teachers went on strike to protest Bill 160. 2. complete
8. _ _ The Bill gives control of education taxes to local 3. districts
school boards.
4. eliminate _ _ _ __
9. _ _ Many teachers accept the government's changes
to education. 5. fall
6. high school _ _ __
mFUTURE TIME USING WILL 7. improve
"Vrite the correct verb in the blank using will. (Answers: p. 39)
8. large
be become begin complete eliminate put read reduce
1. Students will read , write, and spell at an earlier age.
[I OPPOSITES
2. A new high-school program in Sept. 1999.
Match the words that have
3. The new program grade 13. the opposite meaning. All
4. Students 30 credits in four years. the numbered words are
from page 35. (Answers: p. 94)
5. High schools more emphasis on career
education. ended increase irregular
later minor open private
6. The Fewer School Boards Act the number
of school boards. 1. closed open
7. Six school boards in Toronto _______ one board.
2. earlier
8. It _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the largest school board in Canada.
3. major

[I FINISH THE SENTENCES (Answers: page 39) 4. public

1. The government wants to reduce _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ S. reduce

,., The government wants to improve _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 6 . regular
.:S. Grade 10 students will have to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 7. started
4. Many teachers will continue to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

~ Ontario Reader· 7998

Teaching kids to love reading
Sal Sacco
** ]abeen Yusufali's children love reading.
Her son, Ali, is 12, and her daughter,
Sultana, is 16. They own a collection of
several hundred new and used books.
Yusufali lives in Mississauga. She instilled
a love of reading in her children at an early
age. How did she do it?
"By using books as treats instead of
candy or toys," she said.
Here are some other ways she encouraged
her children to enjoy reading.
• She often took her children to the library.
She taught them to return books on time.
They also learned how to renew and
reserve books.
• She taught her children to respect books
and take care of them.
• She went to new and used bookstores
with her kids. They looked for bargains.
• She let them choose books as gifts for
other children.
• Each child had a magazine subscription.
• The children were allowed to buy some
books through special school orders.
Sultana and Ali
Yusufali with some
of their many
books
* Sultana Yusufali is 16 years old.
Her brother, Ali, is 12. They both love
reading. They have a collection of
several hundred books.
They look for bargains in new and
used book stores. And they often
borrow books from the library.
Why do they like reading so much?
Their mother always gives them
books as treats instead of candy.
• On car trips, the children listened to
cassettes with a read-along book.
Yusufali said she instilled a love of
reading in a natural way. She never
forced her kids to read.
"I always took an interest in what
they were reading," she said.
Adapted with permission - Toronto Star Syndicate
Ontario Reader· 7998 m
 mMISSING WORDS mMYSTERY WORD
Write the correct word in the blank. Check your answers Write the answers to the
in the one-star (*) story, "Books as treats," on page 41. clues in the blanks. The
Sultana Yusufali is 16 1 _____ old. 2-----
first letter of each answer
is a letter in the Mystery
brother, Ali, is 12. They both 3 - - - - - reading. Word. All of the answers
They have a 4 _ _ _ _ _ of several hundred books. are words from the story
on page 41. (Answers: page 94)
They look for bargains in new and 5 book
stores. And they often 6 books from the library. Clues:
1. plural of child
Why do they like 7 so much?
2. opposite of young
8 _____ mother always gives them books as treats
3. place that lends books
9 - - - - - of candy. 4. opposite of hate
5. to like
mPASTTENSE (Answers in story on page 41) 6. something sweet to eat
7. children play with
Write the past tense of the verbs in the blanks. them
encourage force go learn let instill say take teach 8. in place of
1. Yusufali _.....:i=n=st=i1=le=d__ a love of reading in her children. 9. She taught them to
2. "By using books instead of candy," she _ _ _ _ __ return books -- time.
10. opposite of always
3. She her children to enjoy reading.
4. She often _ _ _ _ _ _ her children to the library. Mystery Word:
S. She them to return books on time. .,.-
children
'z- -------
6. They how to renew and reserve books.
I.-- - -
7. She to book stores with h~r children. 3

I-- - - - - - -
8. She them choose books as gifts for other kids. 4

~---

9. She never her kids to read. 5

h--- - - - -
6

mFINISH THE SENTENCES

I.-- - - - -
7

h--- - - -
8
Finish the sentences with your own words. I-- ------
9
1. I enjoy reading _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2. I never L--. - - - -

3. I always
4. I often _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

1m Ontario Reader. 1998

 HIGH ACHIEVERS
Chemistry whiz
* Fang Xing Luo, 19, is a
high-school student in Toronto.
He came first in an international
chemistry contest.
The contest was sponsored by
the Universities of Toronto and
Waterloo. Five thousand chemistry
students from Canada, Hong Kong,
Singapore, U.K., and other countries
entered the contest.
Luo got the highest mark. He
scored 37.75 out of a possible 40.
Luo is humble about his
achievement. He doesn't say China two years ago. He started in grade 11 at Bloor
much. He just smiles a lot. Collegiate. Winning the contest will help him get a
Luo came to Canada from research job at a university. Adapted with permission - Toronto Star Syndicate

Bird entrepreneur
** Charanjeev Singh is a busy
high-school student in Caledon.
When he's not studying, he's
running his part-time business.
Singh breeds tropical birds and
sells them to pet stores. He says his
job is to produce "friendly" birds for
store owners and their customers.
He has done a lot of reading and
research about this field.
He raises seven species of birds
including cockatiels, love birds, and
parrots. He gets the birds when they
are about three weeks old. Then he
feeds and raises them by hand. As
he explains, "That way they learn Steve Russell/Toronto Star

to respond to human affection." cages, equipment, and the baby birds. Once Singh has
Tropical birds are expensive to raised the birds, he sells them to the stores. The stores
buy and raise. Singh sells more resell them for $100 to $150 each.
than 200 birds a year at an average His profits helped him buy a car. But he reinvests
price of $45. His biggest expense is a lot of his earnings to improve his business.
food for the birds which costs about Singh wants to go to university. But after he
$250 a month. He also has to buy graduates, he would like to expand his business.
Adopted with permission from an article written by Michael Schultz for The Toronto Star

Ontario Reader· 7998 m

 mYES OR NO? (Answers: page 94) mWHICH WORD?
Answer the questions about the story, "Chemistry whiz." Write the correct word in
1. Is Fang Xing Luo a university student? No the blank. (Check answers
in "Bird entrepreneur.")
2. Does he live in Toronto? _ __
3. Did he come second in a chemistry contest? _ _ he they
4. Did students from other countries enter the contest? him them
his their
5. Did Luo get the highest mark? _ _
6. Does he talk a lot about his achievement? _ __
Singh breeds tropical birds
7. Is he in grade 11 now? _ __
zmd sells 1 them to pet

mWHAT'S THE ANSWER? (Answers: page 94)

stores.
3 ____
2 ____

job is to
says

Write the correct word in the blank. Then answer the

questions about the story, "Bird entrepreneur." produce "friendly" birds
Is Are Does Do for store owners and
1. Does Singh run a full-time business? _!...!N~o_ _ _ __ 4 ____ customers.
2. tropical birds expensive to raise?
3. food for the birds his biggest expense? _ _ __ Singh gets the birds when
4. the stores sell the birds for $45? _ _ _ _ __
5---- are about three
5. Singh make any money?
6. How many species of birds Singh raise? _ _ __ weeks old. Then b _ __

7. How old the birds when he gets them? _ _ __ feeds and raises 7 _ __

8. How much _ _ he spend on bird food? _ _ _ __ by hand.

9. How much the stores sell the birds for? - - - -
'0. What he do with a lot of his profits? _ _ __ Once Singh has raised the
birds, 8 sells
mFINISH THE SENTENCES (Answers for #1 to #4 on page 43) 9 ____ to the stores.
1. Singh's biggest expense is food for the birds. The stores resell 10 _ __

2. He also has 'to buy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ for $100 to $150 each.

3. He wants to go _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.....,-_ _ _ _ __
4. After he graduates, he would like to _ _ _ _ _ _ __
11---- profits helped
Finish these sentences with your own words.
12 _ _ _ _ buy a car.
5. My biggest expense is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6.lhavetobuy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
7. I want to go _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
8. I would like to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

III Ontario Reader· 7998

** Ivo Moravec is a new Canadian author. His book is called
Tightrope Passage: Along the Refugee Route to Canada.
When his book was published, he bought 100 cigars and
gave them to his co-workers at the Ford plant in St. Thomas.
"I wanted to celebrate just like it was a real baby being
born, he said.
/I

Moravec, 48, came to Canada in 1983 as a refugee from

Czechoslovakia. He spoke very little English when he arrived.
He worked as a parking-lot attendant and delivered pizzas.
In 1986, he got a job on the assembly line at the Ford plant.
He took ESL classes at Fanshawe College in London. After
that, he read Canadian books as a way to understand his ~e~rs 0 . " , . <
new country. "I read one book every two weeks, and now lL~~." "~., ",}~"p~iking­
I know the work of all the major writers," he said. , lot ,at~~ngarlJ~ t-!~als() ,,;,
In his homeland, Moravec was an industrial economist. delivete,~pizzas:'iNow, 'he
He also had dreams of becoming a writer. In his spare time, w,'
~'
6rksQn; the assembly
1:
,
·,'.~;,f~'·'\>~' ,~. ~"':i:::""':"''t';o,'''; .:~.":" " "',"~~'~'/.\

he wrote plays and children's stories. But his literary ambitions , lin~ ~~theF()r,dfact()ry

·i~~trr~~~Ut~~S~~.¥·
were squashed by the Communist government. His family
was punished because of its political activities.
To escape oppression, Moravec, his wife, and young son clas~~s.
'He also' , a .lot
ran away to Austria. His book, Tightrope Passage, describes
the family's experiences in a dirty refugee hotel in Vienna
while they waited for permission to enter Canada.
In 1990, Moravec saw a play in London. The play affected
him deeply) and he wrote a story about this. The story won
London's "Between Cultures" writing contest. The contest
is for writers for whom English is a second language.
Winning the contest encouraged Moravec to write a book
about his experiences as a refugee. He wrote the book in
Czech, then translated it himself into English. His son, Ivo,
helped him "put in the idioms."
Moravec is delighted that his book was published. He said
this shows "the room Canada gives to newcomers."
Adapted with permillion from The Toronto Star

Ontario Reader· 7998 1m

 . ,"." ... : '.

B CHECK THE FACTS rI MISSING WORDS

Each sentence has one word or fact that is not correct. Write the correct word in
Find the mistake and correct it. (Answers in story on page 45) the blank. Check your
author answers in the one-star (*)
1. Ivo Moravec is a new Canadian~. story "Refugee becomes
2. He came to Canada as an immigrant from Czechoslovakia. writer."
3. His family was rewarded because of its political activities. Ivo Moravec is a refugee
4. Moravec, his wife and daughter ran away to Austria. from Czechoslovakia.
S. They stayed in a nice hotel in Vienna. He came 2 - - - Canada
6. In 1986, he got a job at the Ford store. 14 years ago.
7. In 1990, he saw a movie in London. It affected him deeply. He worked 3 a
8. He wrote a story about this. The story won a reading contest. parking-lot attendant.
9. When his baby was published, he bought 100 cigars. He also delivered pizzas.
Now, he works
mVOCABULARY the assembly line
4---

s _ __
Write the correct verb in the blank. (Answers in story on page 45) the Ford factory
affected . celebrate delighted describes encouraged St. Thomas.
6---
escape published punished squashed translated
Moravec took ESL
1. When his book was published, he bought 100 cigars. classes. He also read a lot
2. "I wanted to , just like it was a real baby - - - Canadian books.
being born," he said.
He started to write his
3. His literary ambitions were _ _ _ _ _ by the own book about his
Communist government.
experiences 8 a
4. His family was because of its political activities. refugee. His book was
S. To . oppression, he ran away to Austria. published 9 1997.

I
6. His book the family's experiences in a It's called Tightrope
dirty, refugee hotel in Vienna. Passage: Along the Refugee
7. He saw a play in London. It _____ him deeply. Route 10 Canada.
8. Winning the contest ____ Moravec to write a book.
9. He wrote the book in Czech, then _ _ _ _ _ it
himself into English.
Moravec is very proud
to be a Canadian writer. I
•
t
10. Moravec is _ _ _ _ _ that his book was published.
No smokin
** Canadian smoking
habits are changing. At one
time, 70% of adults smoked.
Now it's about 25%.
Over the last 10 years,
smoking has been banned in
many public places. There is
no smoking in airplanes,
hospitals, workplaces, and
shopping malls.
A growing number of cities
are also banning smoking in
restaurants and bars. In
Toronto, bars and restaurants
will be almost smoke-free by
the year 2000. Smoking will
SoremolToronto Star
be allowed only in separate
DINING OUT WITHOUT THE SMOKE: Vincenza Pietropaolo, left,
smoking rooms, which have
of Toronto's public health department, and restaurant owner
their own ventilation.
Francis Lavallee show a smoke-free dining sign. A growing
Some of Toronto's 3,500
number of restaurants are smoke-free.
sit-down bars and restaurants
are already smoke-free by
choice. For example, Francis
Lavallee owns four Forkchops
restaurants. They are all - In OntariO,
smoke-free. give.
For Lavallee, it was a • The averageyoung sl,noKer
business decision. Eight out -Sm.oki.·n.g is a. ·. ddt.ctl.v.e"<,,.:'~4'Y"
.. {it ", " ," ,: '('
~~~r'ft<: "<[l:'-~ ~
~ li',,'
"'l~

• Children of .~m()k~rs'hay" .higlier,Jisk of gettlng"sick.

>.", .. <.

of ten Toronto residents

don't smoke. And many of • 40,000.Ganadi~ns4!,e,:~~~~t!;Y~~tJrorn ~i.seases causeci, '.'
them prefer to eat without by smoking. 1'hat~s,thr~e titn~~p1~re,than the n tlI11per
breathing second-hand smoke. of peopl~~ho die fromcalac~iclehts;'s\licide,nitir~er," '
Some owners are afraid AIDS, fi!eSj.and.~cdd . "oisortln combined. ,,;";~\'~'~'~'.;':;i{J1:):;;
M~' "~,.' "::~\~,:;~'_':\:,~,\
they will lose money if their i,':
' -'-; . ,,:\ -·::.~.~:·::::~·i!.x~::?:>1fY
-. ,
-, . -
~,"/j".~~/~~:'--,'

restaurants are smoke-free. But BREAK

, " C,
tHEHAB.~i\;.?t";"'0T;(
.
...i
;~"'.'.;iC;",{;;,~.> ·<·~;i!;;"{·:':'.;\;F;
. . 't':C ";';.;: .;.";<';';;i"'>' "'i............ '.........,. ,,','
studies show that is not true.
Are you gying t~g.ilir~I.!!(),.,., g.tl~re ~r~some tips ..•.
Smoking in restaurants is • • • . " ....... ":":\1';+;:'~;;'''''''' ..... ..•.. ., . . . . . . / ' •••.
also a health issue. Second- __ .;Thr()w.away ~~sig(l!~!tes ;;····cl~~p.~rays~,,;..<~S·· ..:,1\ ·~.;J\;"';;~·'.\I
hand smoke is dangerous for ~ I<~~p~ijsywi!~.:!Sft'·>~····
.• ... .
):~!9~~,: :,,)i:;~:~:;,~:;: •.'. ···,.· . ,:: .." ......
customers and especially for .[)rin.k.~?Es()fw~~er· es instead of coffee and tea.
employees. Studies show that ~Cllewi~garf~ss"":' 'z.' ;
lung cancer is twice as high • ~ke~,'W~lkiIls~e~o
among bar and restaurant
employees as it is in the .Q~i~tvi~~;a#f~#~\ '. ,1~~;i:.;~;;;!n;f;;.:dt. : . ,',," '.' . . .,'".'
general population.
• Plan how you ~lls1?e~.~t,ItI1emoneyyou save ...
• Remember, there i(rio'sitch'!hing as It just one."
Adapted with permission - Toronto Star Syndicate

Ontario Reader· 7998 ED

 Et TRUE OR FALSE? (Answers: page 94) Ii] VOCABULARY
Read these sentences. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank. Dl. Write the correct verb
in the blank. Check your
1. _T_ The majority of Canadians do not smoke. answers in "Break the
2. _ _ Smoking is permitted in many public places. habit" on page 47.
3. _ _ Some cities are banning smoking in restaurants. drink chew keep
plan quit throw
4. All restaurants in Toronto are smoke-free now. take remember
5. _ _ Smoke-free restaurants lose money. 1. Throwaway all
6. _ _ Second-hand smoke is good for your health. cigarettes and ashtrays.

7. _ _ It is legal to give cigarettes to anyone under 19. 2. busy with

activities you enjoy.
8. _ _ Once you start smoking, it is hard to stop.
3. lots of
9. _ _ Each year, 40,000 Canadians die from diseases water and juices instead
caused by smoking. of coffee and tea.
4. _ _ _ _ sugarless gum.
III PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE 5. a walk instead
Write the correct form of the verb in the blank. Some verbs of a coffee break.
are used more than once. (Answers in story, page 47) 6. - - - - with a friend.
ban be change lose own smoke 7. how you
• Canadian smoking habits 1 are changing . At one time, will spend all the money
you save.
70% of adults 2 • Now it 3 about 25%.
8. , there is no
• A growing number of cities are also -! smoking such thing as "just one."
in restaurants and bars. In Toronto, bars and restaurants
_ _ _ _ _ _ almost smoke-free by the year 2000. D2. SAME MEANING:
Find a word on page 47
• Francis Lavallee 6 - - - - - - four Forkchops that has the same meaning.
restaurants. They 7 all smoke-free. 1. prohibited _ _ __
2. permitted _ _ _ __
• Some owners 8 afraid they 9 _ _ _ _ __
3. give up
money if their restaurants are smoke-free. But studies show
that 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ not true.
D3. OPPOSITES: Find a
word on page 47 that has
the opposite meaning.
[i WHAT ABOUT YOU?
1. safe
Do you smoke?
2. legal
Who smokes in your family?
3. live
Do you prefer to eat in a smoke-free restaurant? (Answers for D2 and D3: p. 9-1)

!m Ontario Reader· 7998

East meets West
in doctor's office
Dr. Fred Hui uses a mixture of Chinese
and Western healing techniques.

** Traditional Western medicine is slowly

making room for alternatives.
One doctor who is helping to make that
happen is Dr. Fred Hui of Toronto.
Hui combines Eastern and Western
medicine. He uses acupuncture, herbs, and
other Chinese techniques. He blends the
best of these with the best of Western
medicine.
Hui, 45, practices medicine in Toronto.
He has helped many people with health
problems that other doctors could not solve.
When he was a boy in Hong Kong, Hui
was often sick. At age 9, he missed a whole
year of school because of illness. That year,
he decided to become a doctor.
In 1979, Hui graduated from the
University of Toronto medical school.
Today, he has a successful practice with
many patients.
Although he is very busy, Hui takes time
* Dr. Fred Hui is a medical doctor in
Toronto. He combines Eastern and
to learn new approaches to medicine. Two
afternoons a week, he visits other doctors
Western medicine.
and health workers. He has observed Hui is from Hong Kong. He studied
psychiatrists and ear, nose, and throat medicine at the University of Toronto.
specialists. He has also learned from In his practice, he uses Western medicine.
herbalists, naturopaths, chiropractors, He also uses herbs, acupuncture, and
homeopaths, and other people who practice
alternative medicine. other Chinese techniques.
"I try to learn from them all," he said. Hui, 45, has helped many people
"I see myself as a bridge. I was born Chinese with difficult health problems.
and planted in Canada. I would like to be a "I see myself as a bridge," he said.
resource for other physicians." "I was born Chinese and planted
Hui wants doctors to use the best medical
techniques from all cultures. His philosophy in Canada."
is simple: "Who cares where it comes from He wants to help other doctors use
as long as it works." Eastern medical techniques.

Ontario Reader· 7998 1m

 mWHAT'S THE ANSWER? [I MISSING WORDS
Answer these questions about Dr. Hui. (Answers: page 94) Write the correct word in
1. Was Dr. Hui healthy when he was a boy? _ _ _ _ __ the blank. Check your
answers in the one-star
2. Did he study medicine in Toronto? _ _ _ _ _ _ __ (*) story "Best of both."
3. Does he practice medicine in Hong Kong? _ _ _ __
4. Does he use Eastern and Western medicine? _ _ _ __ Dr. Fred Hui is a medical
5. Does he have many patients? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ doctor in 1 - - - - -
6. When did he graduate from medical school? _ _ __ He combines Eastern and
7. Where does he practice medicine? _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Western 2 - - - - - -
8. How often does he observe other doctors? _ _ _ __
Hui is from 3----
9. What does he want other doctors to do? _ _ _ _ __
He studied medicine at
10. What's his philosophy? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
the-l _ _ _ _ of

mWORD FORMS Toronto. In his practice,

he uses 5 _ _ _ _ __
Verb Noun Adjective
combine* combination medicine. He also uses
decide* decision herbs, acupuncture, and
medicine* medical*
observe* observations other Chinese 6 _ _ __

solve* solutions
Hui, 45, has helped
success successful *
many people with difficult
Write the correct word form in the blank. Change the verb _ _ _ _ _ problems.
forms if necessary. The words marked with an asterisk* are
in the stories on page 49. (Answers: page 94) "I see myself as a
1. Dr. Hui is a medical doctor. He practices medicine 8 - - - - - -," he said.
in Toronto. "I was 9 - - - - -
2. Dr. Hui has a _ _ _ _ _ practice with many patients. Chinese and planted in
His techniques are a _ _ _ __
Canada."
3. Hui _ _ _ _ _ Eastern and Western medicine. He uses
this to help people with their health He wants to help other
problems.
1 0 - - - - - - use
4. He finds _ _ _ _ _ for health problems that other Eastern medical
doctors could not - - - - -
techniques.
5. Twice a week, he other doctors. He uses his
_ _ _ _ _ in his own practice.
6. He to become a doctor when he was a boy.
His patients are happy that he made that _ _ _ __

rID Ontario Reader· 1998

 Flu SEASON
** November to April is the
flu season. One out of three
Canadians gets the flu every
year. Most people get better
in a week. But some people
become very sick. About 2,000
Canadians die from the flu
every year. They are mostly
people who are old or frail.

What causes it?

Flu is caused by a virus.
The virus spreads very easily
and quickly. It spreads
through the air when people
sneeze, cough, or talk. It also
spreads through hand-to-face
contact. For instance, you
might get the virus on your
hands by touching some-
thing or shaking hands with
someone who has the flu.
Then when you touch your
eyes, nose, or mouth, you even more, ",s,,~a~"Vt;'ih)
might catch the flu. That's Soumbalis got
why it's important to wash of a growing l";;l~~~*~/':t?~~~"~!~;:;oc:
your hands frequently
flu vacci natio ~t'fhi;~~~E~;i~~t~>'thi;
during the flu season.
that employees' -.' :7;' 'i;,0 ;',(1
:I,s;:'(;;,~\;c,;;~, ,'(~

What can I do if I have it?

Not a lot. The best
treatment is to be good to
yourself. Get lots of sleep,
especially the first day or
two. Drink lots of fluids like
warm soup, herbal tea, or
juice. Antibiotics will not
help. They fight bacteria,
not viruses.
Will a flu shot help?
Vaccinations can help to
prevent the flu. The shot is
about 70% effective for
people who are healthy.
It is recommended for older people, or people who have
serious health problems. A flu shot lasts for about six
months. Talk to your doctor about it.
Is it a cold or the flu?
Flu symptoms start suddenly. They include fever, chills,
headache, body aches, and a mild sore throat.
Colds start more slowly. At first they make you feel
sluggish. Then comes a sore throat for a day or two. That's
followed by symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, and
watery eyes. Colds can last up to two weeks, but they usually
don't keep you in bed.
Flus generally last two to five days. They can develop into
pneumonia, bronchitis, and other complications.

Ontario Reader· 1998 III

B FACTS & FIGURES m THE
CHECK
GRAMMAR
Write the correct fact or figure in the blank. (Answers: page 94)
Each sentence has one
1. November to April is the flu season.
mistake in grammar.
2. One out of _ _ _ _ Canadians gets the flu every year. Correct the underlined
mistake. (Check answers p. 51)
3. About Canadians die from the flu every year.
1. One out of three
4. They are mostly people who are old or _ _ __
Canadian get the flu
S. Flu is caused by a _ _ __ every year.
6. It spreads through the _ _ __
2. Most people gets
7. It also spreads through hand-to-face _ _ __ better in a week.
8. That's why it's important to your hands frequently.
3. About 2,000 Canadians
9. Antibiotics fight , not viruses. die from the flu every
10. Flu shots are _ _ _ effective for people who are healthy. years.

11. A flu shot lasts for about _ _ _ _ months. 4. They are mostly people
which are old or frail.

EI IS IT A COLD OR THE FLU? S. You might get the virus

by shaking hands with
Put the symptoms in the correct column. (Answers: page 51) someone who have
symptoms start suddenly symptoms start more slowly the flu.
last two to five days last up to two weeks
feel sluggish at first runny nose 6. The shot is about 70%
sore throat mild sore throat effective for people
fever chills who is healthy.
sneezing watery eyes
headache body aches 7. A shot is recommended
for people who has
, . COLD , " FLU ',' serious health
'.
problems.

8. A flu shot last for about

six months.
,
9. Flu symptoms starts
suddenly.

m Ontario Reader· 1998

 Bittersweet romance
** Aqsa Ahmed and Zakir Mahmood
are in love. But the story of their
relationship does not have a happy
ending.
The young couple met while living
in the same apartment building in East
York. Aqsa was an 18-year-old grade-II
student, the daughter of a rich business-
man. Zakir was 23 and an unemployed
security guard. They fell in love.
They wanted to marry, but they knew
Aqsa's parents would be against it. So the
young couple defied tradition and eloped.
They got married in a civil ceremony.
A week later, they married in a
traditional Islamic ceremony.
Aqsa's parents, who had come here
from Pakistan 18 months earlier, were
opposed to the marriage at first. But
then they seemed to change their minds.
They invited Aqsa to stay overnight with
them. They wanted to plan a wedding
reception with friends and family.
"Everything was going well, I Old ways brought to a new land
thought," said Aqsa. "My parents told
me it was okay, and said we would rent can cause family problems
a hall and celebrate the marriage." *** Aqsa and Zakir's story is unusual. But the
But everything wasn't okay. In the family problems over tradition and cultural
middle of the night, the parents woke differences are not.
Aqsa up. They tricked her into getting in Many immigrant families have similar tensions.
the car with some relatives. Then they The parents want their children to keep the
drove her to the U.S. border at Niagara cultural and religious traditions of their native
Falls. They tried to cross the border and country. But the children are growing up in a
take Aqsa back to Pakistan. Luckily, Aqsa liberal, multicultural Canadian SOCiety. They
was able to get help from a U.S. immi- experience a new and different way of life. Girls, in
gration officer. She said her parents were particular, see the freedom that Canadian women
taking he~ against her will. The American have in choosing jobs and marriage partners.
officials phoned Canadian police. Immigrants often say they came to Canada for
Aqsa was reunited with Zakir. But her their children. But some don't want their children
parents, an aunt, uncle, and family to change and take on new values and customs.
friend were kept in jail. They were As a result, a number of immigrant children lead
charged with kidnapping. double lives. At home they follow the ways of
The young couple are happy to be their parents. Outside the home, they try to fit
together again, but their joy is bittersweet. in with their friends who have greater freedom.
Aqsa is worried about what will happen Sometimes this leads to rebellion. Some children
to her parents. Adapted with permIssion -Toronto Star Syndicate reject their parents' values and culture.

Ontario Reader· 7998 6J

 B PUT IT IN ORDER [I SAME MEANING
Number these sentences in the correct order. (Answers: page 53) Match the words that
mean the same. All the
D They tricked her into getting in the car. numbered words are from
D They eloped and married in a civil ceremony. "Bittersweet romance."
(Answers: p. 94)
D Aqsa was able to get help from a U.S. immigration officer. custom fooled
m Aqsa and Zakir met in East York. prison out of work
went against were against
D They woke Aqsa up in the middle of the night.
1. unemployed out of work
D The American officials phoned Canadian police. 2. defied
D They fell in love. 3. opposed
D Aqsa was reunited with Zakir. 4. tricked _ _ _ __
D A week later, they married in an Islamic ceremony. S. tradition
D They drove her to the U.S. border at Niagara Falls. 6. jail
D Aqsa's parents invited Aqsa to stay overnight to plan a
wedding reception.
mPAST TENSE
mVOCABULARY Write the past tense of these
verbs. All the verbs are in
Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: 3-star story, p. 53)
"Bittersweet romance"
choosing double experience fit in freedom multicultural (Answers: p. 53)
rebellion reject religioLls take on tensions tradition ways
1. meet met
Aqsa and Zakir's story is unusual. But the family problems
over 1 tradition and cultural differences are not. 2. get
Many immigrant families have similar 2 _ _ _ __ 3. wake up
The parents want their children to keep the cultural and
4. drive
3 traditions of their native country. But the
children are growing up in a liberal, 4 _ _ _ _ __ S. try
Canadian society. They 5 a new and different way 6. tell
of life. Girls, in particular, see the 6 that Canadian
women have in 7 jobs and marriage partners.
Immigrants often say they came to Canada for their [I WHAT ABOUT YOU?
children. But some don't want their children to change and
Are you married?
B new values and customs. As a result, a number
of immigrant children lead 9 lives. At home How did you meet your
they follow the 10 of their parents. Outside the husband/wife?
home, they try to 11 with their friends who What kind of marriage
have greater freedom. Sometimes this leads to 12 _ _ _ __ ceremony did you have?
Some children 13 their parents' values and culture.

III Ontario Reader • 1998

Changing face of immigration

* About 18% of Canada's people

are immigrants. Here are some
facts about immigration
between 1991 and 1996.
• More than half of all immigrants
(563,000) went to Ontario.
• Most of the immigrants came
from Asia and the Middle East.
Stuparyk/Toronto Star • More immigrants came from
** Canada has always been a land of immigrants. Hong Kong than any other country.
But the results of the 1996 census show that the face • Before 1961, almost all
of immigration is changing. Before 1961, almost all immigrants (92%) came from
immigrants (92%) came from Britain and Europe. Britain and Europe.
Today, the majority of immigrants (about 60%) come • 42% of the people who live in
from Asia and the Middle East. The top country of the Toronto area are immigrants.
origin is Hong Kong, followed by Sri Lanka and China.
About 18% of Canada's 1996 population was born
in a foreign country. This is one of the highest
proportions in the world. COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN
Research shows that immigrants contribute a lot
to Canadian sOciety. After their first two years in
Canada, immigrants use the social welfare system
less than the average Canadian.
GTA magnet for immigrants
Ontario attracts more than half of Canada's
immigrants. Between 1991 and 1996, 563,000
immigrants settled here. Of this number, 441,000
settled in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), which
stretches along Lake Ontario from Oakville to Ajax
and north to include Halton, Peel, and York Regions.
In 1996, the GTA had an immigrant population of
1.8 million. This is 42% of the total population.
In the new city of Toronto, about 48% of the people
are immigrants. By the next census, in 2001,
immigrants will be the majority.
Toronto is the most multicultural city in the world.
For a city so diverse, there is very little conflict.
Occasionally there are problems. But generally, people
of all backgrounds live and work together peacefully.

Ontario Reader· 1998 m

 mTRUE OR FALSE?
Read these sentences. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank. (Answers: page 94)
1. F The 1996 census showed that immigration to Canada has not changed.
2. Before 1961, almost all immigrants came from Britain and Europe.
3. Today, the majority of immigrants still come from these countries.
4. More immigrants come from Hong Kong than any other country.
5. In 1996, 18% of Canada's people were immigrants.
6. Immigrants do not contribute a lot to Canadian society.
7. Ontario gets more immigrants than any other province.
8. Immigrants make up more than half of the population of the Greater Toronto Area.
9. Toronto's diversity causes a lot of problems.

III VOCABULARY
Write the correct word in the blank. (Check answers in story on page 55.)
Verbs: contribute attracts
Nouns: results majority origin conflict
Adjectives: foreign average diverse

1. The _---'-'e=s=u=:/t=.s__ of the 1996 census show that the face of immigration is changing.
2. Today, the _ _ _ _ _ of immigrants (about 60%) come from Asia and the Middle East.
3. The top country of ______ is Hong Kong.
4. About 18% of Canada's population was born in a ______ country.
5. Research shows that immigrants a lot to Canadian society.
6. After two years, immigrants use the social welfare system less than the _ _ _ _ Canadian.
7. Ontario _ _ _ _ _ more than half of Canada's immigrants.
8. Toronto is a very multicultural city. It's population is very _ _ _ _ __
9. Toronto's multiculturalism does not cause many problems. There is little _ _ _ _ __

mTRY THIS
1. Change the statements in exercise A (True or False?) to questions that require a yes or no
answer. Then ask a partner the questions.
Example: 1. Did the 1996 census show that immigration to Canada has not changed?
Or, make up your own questions.
2. In exercise B, the words are in three categories: verbs, nouns, and adjectives. Find three
more words on page 55 for each category.

Ird Ontario Reader· 7998

"My father would be proud of me"

** Canadian Jacques Villeneuve won the ,.$>:>;,,~

t(2:;;'t,; ······· . ·0··'''·· R" "l"'D"""d:

1997 Formula One world driver's championship.
, -~:~~;~',,~t~·{ /)~ ,
After his victory, he said, "My father would be
proud of me."
His father was Gilles Villeneuve, a legendary ~~~~MfJ9<~::' . .
Canadian auto racer. He died in a car crash in *;. Jacqve,s.V~JI~n~~ve is ,th~
1982. His son, Jacques, was 12 at the time. 199Ywor1d '¢hampion driver.
.f~:>!· ,·\'o.~};:,\\>~,~*\;:",·,'\4:'+'\<'>' .. ::1',\,' . ','>1:,. " : ,.<~.~
Jacques has followed in his father's footsteps .::Villeneuveraces Formula One
and beyond. Gilles Villeneuve won 6 out of 67 .;>
'.~\)'.:.~ «:" ': ;.,
~,~::>.~,;;i:;~'~c~~1 .:';~~1 "'~:'. :~.?~~".: (1' "
A ,-

races, but he never won the Fl championship. cars.He is the first Canaaian
In only two years, Jacques has won 11 out of 33 tl .ch~ffipio·ri><~ "
";'~\". ~«" ~ \:i"'··$:~;:('~·- "'" ,",:.. "
races and the world championship. i±iiVilleneuve was born in
Jacques, 26, was born in Quebec. He is proudly Queb'~~~H~~1ivesln >",
'- > ••':,.<;:A$i:(·:::;i\{$,·\\t~,::}rz::~.".;.
Mon'te
,'" ,.:,.,.'".'
...
.
Canadian even though he lives in Monte Carlo.
Carl9t:bu!".b~ls proud tc;> be
His father moved the family there to pursue his ,,:,:,- '\d·:~::t'~\'~\~\~~;.\:·;~~~1.-.,.~~ ~ .:'-',' " ':",< . ,>,
racing career. Cal1a . I.~n,!<'., .";."
Jacques Villeneuve is the first Canadian ever to .~.~\\tti~~l~f\tiit~~s GilJe,~:".
win the Fl championship. Villeneuve.' He was a famous
Fl auto racing is very popular all over the world. Can'adr~N:~Ut() r~·~er. HediecJ
About 500 million people watched the champion- i~af~:;·~i~~hjn\1982.
ship race on television.
,~t~:~~~f:~~\vbn the
FB~rnPions.hip racelJ~cques
Good year for Canadians s~ld/\II~yfather would be
1997 was Canada's year in world sports.
• Jacques Villeneuve was the world's fastest driver.
P~?ut(;Rtm~·:~' .
• Donovan Bailey was the world's fastest runner.
• Elvis Stojko was the men's world figure-skating champion.
• Catriona LeMay Doan was the world's fastest woman on ice skates.

Ontario Reader· 7998 m

 D CHECK THE FACTS (Answers: p. 57) mQUESTIONS (Answers: p. 94)

Each sentence has one word or fact that is Complete the questions by writing the
not correct. Find the mistake and correct it. correct word in the blank. Then ask a
1997 partner the questions.
1. Jacques Villeneuve won the 1m Formula
Is Was Does Did
. One world driver's championship.
1. Jacques Villeneuve the Fl driving
Is
2. After his loss, he said, "My father would
champion?
be proud of me./I
2. his father also the champion?
3. Gilles Villeneuve died in a plane crash.
3. his father die in a plane crash?
4. Gilles also won the Fl championship.
4. Jacques 2 years old at the time?
S. Jacques was born in Monte Carlo.
S. Gilles Villeneuve move his family
6. His father moved the family there to to Monte Carlo?
pursue his business career. 6. Jacques live there now?
7. Jacques is the second Canadian to win 7. Jacques born there?
the Fl championship.
8. Fl auto racing popular all over
8. 1997 was a bad year for Canada in sports. the world?
9. In 1997, Catriona LeMay Doan was the 9. half a billion people watch the
world's fastest woman on figure skates. championship race on television?

I!I PAST TENSE (Check answers in two-star (**) story, page 57.)
Write the correct form of these verbs in the blanks. Some verbs are used more than once.
be die follow live move say watch win
Canadian Jacques Villeneuve won the 1997 Formula One world driver's
championship. After his victory, he , "My father would proud of me./I
His father Gilles Villeneuve, a legendary Canadian auto racer. He _ _ _ __
in a car crash in 1982. His son, Jacques, 12 at the time.
Jacques has in his father's footsteps and beyond. Gilles Villeneuve
_ _ _ _ _ 6 out of 67 races, but he never the Fl championship.
In only two years, Jacques has 11 out of 33 races and the world championship.
Jacques, 26, _ _ _ _ _ born in Quebec. He _ _ _ _ _ proudly Canadian even
though he in Monte Carlo. His father the family there to pursue
his racing career.
Jacques Villeneuve _ _ _ _ _ the first Canadian ever to win the Fl championship.
Fl auto racing very popular all over the world. About 500 million people
_____ the championship race on television.

g;) Ontario Reader· 1998

 How to get a driver's licence
*** You must be at least 16 years old to drive in Ontario.
There are 12 kinds of driver's licences. Each one allows
you to drive a different type of vehicle. You need a Class G
licence to drive a car, van, or small truck. For a new driver,
it takes at least 20 months to get a class G licence.

APPLYING
• Study the Driver's Handbook. You can buy it for $7.95
at a Licence Issuing Office or Driver Examination Centre.
They are listed in the blue pages of the phone book
•50
under "Ministry of Transportation."
• Go to a Driver Examination Centre. You must show
proof of your identity and date of birth.
• Take the vision test and write the knowledge test about
the information in the Driver's Handbook. At some Centres
you can take the knowledge test in different languages.
After you pass these tests, you will enter Level One and
get a Class G1 licence. The fee is $100. This pays for the NEWCOMERs]
first written test, the G1 licence and the first G1 road test. If you have a valid driver's
licence from another country
or province, you can use that
LEVELONE licence for your first 60 days
in Ontario. After that you
Now you can learn to drive. But there are restrictions: must get an Ontario driver's
• You must not drive alone. A licenced driver with at least licence.
four years of experience must sit in the front passenger seat. If you have had a licence
• You must not drive on "400-series" highways or on high- for two years or more, you
speed expressways such as the Queen Elizabeth Way or must pass the vision test and
the Don Valley Parkway (a list is in the Driver's Handbook). knowledge test. Then you
• You must not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. can take the Level Two road
Level One lasts at least 12 months. You can reduce the test. If you pass, you will get
time to eight months if you take a driver education course. a Class G licence. If you fail,
At the end of Level One, you take a road test. If you you will get a Level One (G 1)
pass, you will enter Level Two and get a Class G2licence. licence. But you may
immediately take the Level
One road test.
LEVEL TWO There are different rules
In Level Two, you may drive at any time of day or for newcomers who have
night. You do not have to have a licenced driver with you. been driving for less than
You may also drive on any Ontario road. After 12 months, two years, or newcomers
you can take the Level Two road test. The fee is $ 75. who have a licence from
After you pass the Level Two road test, you get a the United States, Japan, or
Class G licence. You are a fully licenced Ontario driver. another Canadian province.
Congratulations! Call a Driver Examination
Centre for more information.
Ontario Reader· 1998 gg
 mWHAT'S THE ANSWER? (Check answers: page 94)

1. How old do you have to be to drive in Ontario? at least 16 years old

2. What kind of licence do you need to drive a car, van or small truck?
3. How long does it take to get this kind of licence?
4. What tests do you have to take to get a G1 licence?
s. If you drive with a G 1 licence, who has to be in the car with you?
6. What other restrictions are there for a Gllicence?
7. How can you reduce the time that you are in Level One?
8. How long do you have to be in Level Two? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
9. What happens when you pass the Level Two road test?

mMUST &: HAVE TO

I must get a licence. = I have to get a licence. I/You/He/They must not ...
(Meaning: It's necessary) She/He/It must not ...
You must not drive too fast. ~ You don't have to drive too fast. I/you/We don't have to ...
(Meaning: It's not permitted.) (Meaning: It's not necessary.) She/He/It doesn't have to ...

Bl: Complete the sentences with don't have to, doesn't have to or must not. (Answers: page 94)
1. With a G 1 licence, you must not drive alone.
2. With a G1licence, you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ drive between midnight and 5 a.m.
3. With a G2 licence, you have a licenced driver with you in the car.
4. With a G2 licence, you stay off 400-series highways.
S. My brother has a car. He take the subway to work.
6. You drive through a red light.
7. My 4-year-old daughter play on the street. It's dangerous.
8. My friend _ _ _ _ _ _ _ take me to work anymore. I have my own car.

B2: Each sentence has one mistake in the verb. Correct the mistake. (Answers: page 94)
1. You must'oo be at least 16 years old to drive in Ontario.
(

2. You must showing proof of your identity and date of birth.

3. With a G 11icence, you must not to drive alone.
4. In Level Two, you doesn't have to have a licenced driver with you.
S. My husband must passes the vision test and knowledge test.
6. He doesn't has to take the G1 road test.
7. But he must to take the G2 road test.

mD Ontario Reader· 1998

 Car accidents and insurance
AUTO INSURANCE
*** If you own a car, you must have
insurance to drive it. The fine for driving
without insurance is $5,000 to $25,000 for
a first offence. The second time, the fine is
$10,000 to $50,000.
Minimum coverage
Here is the basic coverage you must have
in Ontario:
• Third-party liability, $200,000 minimum -
covers you against a law suit up to $200,000.
• Uninsured auto coverage - covers you in
an accident with an uninsured driver.
• Statutory Accident Benefits - gives you
a basic level of income and medical benefits
if you are injured.
• Direct compensation for property damage
- allows you to claim from your insurance
company for damage to your vehicle caused
by another person. Your insurer pays for the
full cost of repairs minus a $300 deductible
if you are not at fault.
No fault insurance
The type of insurance we have in Ontario
is direct compensation insurance. This is
also called no fault insurance. It means that
if you have a collision, you make your claim
to your insurance company, not to the other
driver's company.
If you were not" at fault" in an accident,
your insurance premium will not go up.
If you were "at fault," you have to pay
for the percentage of the claim that was your
fault. For ~xample, if you were 50% at fault,
you pay half the costs. But if you have
collision insurance, then you pay only the
$300 deductible. Collision insurance is
optional. You have to pay extra for it.
Your insurance company, not the police,
decides who was at fault in an accident.
If you feel the insurance company did not
~ke a proper decision, you have the right
to appeal through the court system.
Krista Belch/The Whig-Standard
Every year, more than 7,700 people are killed
and 90,000 are injured on Ontario roads.
WHAT TO DO IN A CAR ACCIDENT
You must stop if you are in a car accident.
It is a crime to leave the scene of an accident.
You must report an accident to the police
if someone is injured, or if the damage is
more than $1,000.
Here is what to do in case of an accident:
• Help someone who is injured. Keep the
person warm, but don't try to move the
person.
• Call the police. Ask for a doctor or
ambulance if needed.
• Turn off all engines and turn on emergency
flashers. Set up warning signals or have
someone warn approaching drivers.
• If possible, move the cars off the road.
• Exchange the following information with
the other driver in the accident:
- name, address, and telephone number;
- name and address of the registered
owner of the car;
- vehicle plate and permit number;
- driver's licence number;
- name of insurance company and policy
number.
• Get the name, address, and phone number
of all witnesses.
• Report the accident to your insurance
company.
Ontario Reader· 7998 m
 B WHAT'S THE ANSWER? (Answers: page 94)

1. What's the fine for driving without insurance for the first time? $5,000 to $25,000
2. What's the minimum "third party liability" insurance that you need? _ _ _ _ _ __
3. What protection will "Statutory Accident Benefits" give you?
4. What type of auto insurance does Ontario have? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
S. Who do you make a claim to if you have an accident? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6. If your car had $S,OOO worth of damage in an accident, how much would you have to pay:
(a) if you were not at fault, and you had the minimum coverage?
(b) if you were SO% at fault, and you had the minimum coverage? _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(c) if you were completely at fault, and had the minimum coverage? _ _ _ _ _ __
(d) if you were completely at fault, but had collision insurance? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
7. Who decides who was at fault in an accident?
8. Do you have to accept their decision? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

III MISSING WORDS: WHAT TO DO IN A CAR ACCIDENT

Write the correct word in the blanks. Check your answers in the story on page 61.
You must _--=.;st~o~p__ if you are in a car accident. It is a _____ to leave the scene
of an accident. You must _____ an accident to the police if someone is _ _ _ __
or if the damage is more than _ _ _ __
Here is what to do in case of an accident:
• Help someone who is injured. Keep the person warm, but don't try to _ _ _ _ the person.
• Call the police. Ask for a or ambulance if needed.
• Turn off all engines and turn on flashers. Set up warning _ _ _ __
or have someone warn approaching drivers.
• If possible, move the cars off the _ _ _ __
• Exchange the following information with the _ _ _ _ _ driver in the accident:
- name, address, and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
- name and address of the registered _____ of the car;
- vehicle _____ and permit number;
- driver's number;
- name of insurance company and number.
• Get the name, address, and phone number of all _ _ _ __
• Report the accident to your company.

riI Ontario Reader· 7998

RAPTORS STRUGGLING
** The Raptors are Toronto's
professional basketball team. The
Toronto Raptors and the Vancouver
Grizzlies are the only Canadian teams
in the National Basketball Association
(NBA). All the other teams are
American.
The Raptors' 1997-98 season had a
rough start. They lost 19 of their first
20 games. And they were in last place
in their division. To make things worse,
their manager, Isiah Thomas, quit
the team.
This is only the Raptors' third season.
And they have young players. The fans
hope the team will get better over time.
The best player on the team is Damon
Stoudamire. At 5 feet, 10 inches (1.78 m),
he is the team's shortest player. But last
year, he averaged 20 points a game.
The Raptors play their home games
at the SkyDome. But in 1999, they will
move into their new basketball arena,
the Air Canada Centre. Maybe that will
help them win some games.
DID YOU KNOW?
Canadian invented basketball • The average NBA
player is 6 feet, 7 inches
** James Naismith invented basketball more than tall (2 metres).
100 years ago.
Naismith was born in Almonte, Ontario, in 1861. After • The average NBA
he finished university, he became a physical education salary is about $1 .6
teacher in Springfield, Massachusetts. His students million a year.
played outdoor sports such as baseball and football. But
they vyanted a game to play inside during the winter. • A basketball game
Naismith decided to invent a new indoor game for is 48 minutes long.
his students. He used ideas from other sports and wrote • The basket is 10 feet
down some rules. high (3.05 metres).
Naismith's students played the first game of basketball
in January 1892. They used two fruit baskets and a soccer
ball for the game.
Since then, basketball has become very popular. Today;
many men, women, and children play the game.

Ontario Reader· 7998 rIJ

 CHECK THE FACTS mMYSTERY WORD
Each sentence has one word or fact that is not correct. Write the answers to the
Find the mistake and correct it. (Answers in stories on page 63) clues in the blanks. The
first letter of each answer
AI: These sentences are about the story "Raptors struggling." is a letter in the Mystery
a professional Word. All the answers are
1. The Raptors are ~r basketball team.
from the stories on p. 63.
2. The Raptors 1997-98 season had a great start. Clues: (Answers: p. 94)
3. They won 19 of their first 20 games. 1. opposite of work
4. They were in third place in their division. 2. directions, guidelines
3. opposite of indoor
S. To make things worse, their coach quit. 4. people who like the
6. The best player on the team is Isiah Thomas. Raptors
7. This year he averaged 20 points a game. 5. physical--------- teacher
6. money earned per year
A2: These sentences are about the other stories on page 63. 7. game where you kick
a ball into a goal
1. James Naismith invented basketball more than SO years ago.
8. created something
2. Naismith was born in Almonte, Manitoba. for the first time
3. He decided to invent an outdoor game for his students. 9. There are - - - - two
Canadian NBA teams.
4. They played the first game of basketball in 1992. 10. last name of the
S. A basketball game is 60 minutes long. inventor of basketball
6. The basket is 10 metres high. 11. The - - - - - - - NBA
player is 2 m tall.
7. The average NBA salary is $160,000 a year. 12. opposite of won
Mystery Word:
1

lEI COMPARISONS p 19y

Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 94)
good, better, best bad, worse, worst short, shorter, shortest
1. The Raptors have had a bad season.
2. It's the season they have ever had.
3. To make things , their manager quit.
4. The fans hope the team will get over time.
S. The player on the team is Damon Stoudamire.
6. He is a very _ _ _ _ _ shooter.
10

7. Stoudamire is for a basketball player.

11

8. At 5' 10", he is the player on the team.

12

9. He is 9 inches than the average NBA player.

III Ontario Reader· 1998

** "All aboard," shouts the conductor.
The whistle blows twice and the Little Bear
train leaves the Cochrane station. It slowly
starts the trip north to Moosonee.
The community of Moosonee is in
northeastern Ontario, 300 kilometres from
Cochrane and 25 kilometres from James Bay.
It is Ontario's only saltwater port.
There are no roads to Moosonee. The
train is the only way to get there by land.
The Ontario Northland Railway has two
trains from Cochrane to Moosonee.
One is the Polar Bear Express. It operates
only in the summer. It leaves early in the
morning and returns the same evening.
Many tourists take this train.
The other one is the Little Bear train. It
operates all year. It is slower and used mostly
by local people. There are no stations on the
way, but the conductor will stop the Little
Bear anywhere to let passengers on or off.
The railway follows an old Native canoe
route along the Abitibi and Moose Rivers.
It travels through a wilderness of forest,
muskeg*, and tranquil lakes. When the
train arrives in Moosonee, it has come
to "the end of steel."
* Muskeg: From a Native word meaning "grassy bog"; a wet, swampy
environment with large deposits of peat and other plant material.
MOOSONEE
Population: About 1,400. 7~
Name: Comes from the Cree
word "moosoneek," which means
"at the moose."
Location: On the Moose River, 25 km
from James Bay.
History: Moose Factory, an island opposite
Moosonee, is the home of the Swampy
Cree people. In 1672, the Hudson's Bay
Company built a trading post there. It was
the first English settlement in Ontario.
Economy: Tourism. Many local people
work as guides for tourists and hunters.
Attractions: Boat cruises into the Arctic
waters of James Bay. Nature activities such
as hiking, watching wildlife, and hunting for
fossils. Visiting the old trading post and
traditional Cree teepees at Moose Factory.
Getting there: By train from Cochrane.
Cochrane is 720 km north of Toronto on
Highway 11. There is regular passenger
train service between Toronto and Cochrane.
Ontario Reader· 1998 m
11 YES OR NO? (Answers: page 94) m MISSING WORDS
mswer the questions about the story, "Slow train to Moosonee" Write the correct word in
the blank. (Check answers in
L Is Moosonee in northeastern Ontario? Yes the story on page 65, last four
2. Is it Ontario's only saltwater port? _ __ paragraphs.)

3. Is there a road to Moosonee? _ __ The Ontario Northland

4. Does the train for Moosonee leave from Cochrane? Railway has two trains
S. Does the Polar Bear Express operate all year? _ __ 1 from Cochrane to
6. Is the Little Bear a faster train? _ __ Moosonee.
One is the Polar Bear
7. Does the Little Bear stop anywhere to let passengers off? _
Express. It operates only
8. Does the railway follow an old canoe route? _ __
2 the summer.
9. Does the railway travel through wilderness? _ __
It leaves early 3 _ __
the morning and returns
mGET THE FACTS (Answers: page 65) the same evening. Many
Complete the facts about Moosonee. Match the topics on tourists take this train.
the left with the information on the right The other one is the
1. Population: From the Cree word "moosoneek" Little Bear train. It
operates all year. It is
2. Name: Tourism
slower and used mostly
3. Location: Boat cruises and nature activities
4 local people.
4. History: By train from Cochrane
There are no stations
S. Economy: 1,400
5 the way, but the
6. Attractions: On Moose River, 2S km from James Bay
conductor will stop the
7. Getting there: Ontario's first English settlement is on
Little Bear anywhere to let
an island across from Moosonee.
passengers on or 6 _ __
The railway follows an
m CATEGORI~S old Native canoe route
Find at least four words on page 6S for each of these categories. 7 _ _ _ the Abitibi and

•...1"ransportation ",ature ........,.< .. ~Iaces

Moose Rivers. It travels
, , :.{..~,.,/. ~-'y." "' ''', ..v·., U'." ;. ·(.w· ""~,,,; ,:. :~\..:" ,>... ;~' ,~.

8 _ _ _ a wilderness of
train
forest, muskeg, and
tranquil lakes. When the
train arrives 9 - - -
Moosonee, it has come
1 0 - - lithe end of steel."
Zahir Keshavjee, left, and brother Rumi show off Twins, Lori, left, and Kori Sawh show off a closed
popular flavours of Tropical Treets ice cream. and open roti from their family's restaurant.

** Mango, coconut, pistachio, grape nut. ** Roti is a Caribbean taste sensation. It is

These are some of the exotic flavours of a meal of curried meat or vegetables wrapped
Tropical Treets ice cream. Tropical Treets is in flatbread.
made by the Caribbean Ice Cream Company. Roti was introduced to the Caribbean by
The company makes more than 50 delicious East Indian workers in the 1800s. Since then
flavours. The mango ice cream won an award it has become a favourite dish for West
as the best food product at the Canadian Indians of all backgrounds.
Fine Food Show. People say it tastes just Roti is the Hindi word for bread. But it
like fresh mangoes. refers to both the shell and filling. The best
Rumi Keshavjee runs the Caribbean Ice known roti shell is made of dalpuri flour
Cream Company. He also imports food dough. Popular fillings are curried chicken,
products from the Caribbean. The most beef, goat, and shrimp.
popular one is Chubby, a soft drink from There are many excellent roti restaurants
Trinidad. Many kids like its unusual, fruity in Toronto. One of them is Island Foods.
flavours. Chubby is sold across Canada. The owners are Ramasar and Ruth Sawh
Keshavjee, 30, is Indian. He came to from Trinidad. They have been in business
Canada from South Africa when he was 12. since 1974. Ruth said their business is built
After he finished university, he started to on "love for food." They make more than
work in the family food business. Since 350 fresh rotis everyday. Potato-chickpea
1978, his father has run a grocery store roti is a popular one on their menu. It comes
in Scarborough. The store sells to the with rich gravy flavoured with clove and
Caribbean community. allspice.
"It's not where you come from that The Sawhs' daughter, Kori, said, "I crave
matters," Keshavjee said. "If you give people roti all the time. It's hard to get sick of it
a good product and good service, they are when you see it made fresh in front of
going to buy from you." your eyes everyday."
Adapted with perm/lSion from an article written by Robert Burg tor The Toronto Star Adapted with permilSion from an article written by Amy Pataki for The Toronto Star

Ontario Reader· 7998 m

 mWHAT'S THE ANSWER? (Answers: page 94) (I MYSTERY WORD
Answer these questions about the story "Mango ice cream." Write the answers to the
Write the answers on a separate piece of paper. clues in the blanks. The
1. How many flavours of Tropical Treets ice cream are there? first letter of each answer
is a letter in the Mystery
2. Which flavour won an award?
Word. All the answers are
3. Where does Keshavjee import food products from? from the stories on p. 67.
4. Which one is the most popular? Clues: (Answers: p. 94)
5. Why do kids like it? 1. soft - - - - -
6. How old was Keshavjee when he came to Canada? 2. excitingly different
7. How long has his father run a grocery store? or unusual
3. The Sawhs' business is
III WHAT'S THE QUESTION? (Answers: page 94)
built on - - - - for food.
4. opposite of exports
Make a question for each of these sentences about the story
"Spicy roti." Write the questions on a separate piece of paper. 5. to desire
1. (Where?) Roti is a popular dish in the Caribbean. 6. land surrounded by
Where is roti a popular dish? water
2. (Who?) East Indians introduced roti to the Caribbean. 7. The Sawhs are the
3. (What?) Some popular fillings are beef, goat and shrimp. - - - - - - of a restuarant.
8. Where you can study
4. (What?) The name of the Sawhs' restaurant is Island Foods.
after high school
5. (dow long?) They have been in business since 1974.
9. Roti consists of a
6, ~How many?) They make more than 350 fresh rotis a day. - - - - - and a filling.
7. (What?) Potato chickpea is a popular roti on their menu.
Mystery Word
rr--
mFOOD WORDS d ri n k
r.;-- - - - -
2
1. Find five adjectives in the stories on page 67 that describe -----
~
food. Example: spicy
2. Find at least two words in the stories for each of these ~---
4

categories: (a) Fruit (b) Vegetables (c) Meat (d) Spices. f:-- - - - - - -
5

----
mTRY THIS Ir-
r.;-- - - - - -
7
1. Do a survey of the people in your class. Ask the following
i'::-- - - - - -
questions. Then write the answers on a large chart. 8

• What's your favourite flavour of ice cream? I::--- - - - - - - - - -

9
• What's your favourite meal?
• What's your favourite drink? '--- ----

2. Make up your own Mystery Word puzzle. Use words from

the stories on page 67.

-
 Sweet taste of spring
** When the sap runs in
the maple trees, spring is on
its way.
Maple sugar season is
usually from mid-March to
mid-April. It depends on the
weather. Cold nights (below
freezing) followed by warm,
sunny days (above SOC) make
the sap flow in the maple
trees.
Farmers collect the sap.
Then they boil it to make
sweet maple syrup. It takes
about 40 litres of clear sap
to make one litre of golden
maple syrup.
A maple syrup farm is called t-,"

a sugarbush." On small
1/

farms, the sap drips through

a tap into pails. Large
commercial farms collect the
sap through a network of
plastic tubes. Some farms tap
up to 20,000 trees. TRADITIONAL WAY: People used
When the weather gets too to collect maple sap in buckets.
warm, the maple buds come Today most farms use a network
out. This makes the sap bitter of plastic tubes.
and the syrup season is over.
Native people called maple • Canada #2 (Amber) is
sap "sweet water." They stronger flavoured and good
taught the European settlers for cooking.
how to make maple syrup. • Canada #3 is a dark syrup
Today, maple syrup is a for commercial use only.
multi-million dollar industry. After you open a bottle of
maple syrup, keep it in the
Grading,and colour refrigerator.
Maple syrup is graded by Many small towns in
colour. When buying, look Ontario have maple syrup
for the words "pure maple festivals. One of the biggest
syrup" and the grade and is in Elmira in late March.
the colour: People come from all over to
• Canada #1 (Extra Light, enjoy delicious maple syrup
Light, Medium) is the best for drizzled over hot pancakes.
eating. The lighter the colour, Elmira is about 20 kilometres
the more delicate the flavour. north of Kitchener.
Ontario Reader· 1998 mg
mFACTS & FIGURES (I VERBS
Write the correct answer in the blank. (Answers: page 69) Write the correct form of
the verb in the blank.
1. Maple sugar season is usually from mid-March to mid-April.
(Answers: page 94)
2. It takes about of sap to make one litre of syrup. ,drip boil collect
3. A maple syrup farm is called a _ _ _ __ I come depend enjoy
keep make produce
4. Native people called maple sap _ _ _ __ nm tap use
S. Maple syrup is graded by _ _ _ __ 1. When the sap runs
6. Canada #1 is the best grade for _ _ _ __ in the maple trees, spring
is on its way.
7. One of Ontario's biggest maple syrup festivals is in _ __
2. The timing of the maple
8. Canada produces of the world's maple syrup. sugar season _ _ __
9. Under good conditions, a maple tree will live for over on the weather.
_____ years. 3. On small farms, they
____ the sap in pails.
III DISAGREE (Answers: page 94) 4. The sap through
a tap into the pail.
Each sentence has incorrect information. Disagree with the
sentence, and write the correct information. Follow the example. S. Large farms _ _ __
1. It takes 20 litres of sap to make 1 litre of maple syrup. a network of tubes.
No, it doesn't. It takes 40 litres of sap. 6. They up to
2. Large commercial farms collect the sap in pails. 20,000 trees.
7. When the sap has been
3. Warm weather makes the sap sweet. collected, they it.
8. When the weather
4. Maple syrup is graded by weight. gets warm, the buds
____ out.

S. Canada produces 25% of the world's maple syrup. 9. Warm weather _ __

the sap bitter.
6. Elimira is 20 kilometres north of Toronto. 10. opened bottles
of syrup in the refrigerator.
7. People enjoy maple syrup with cold pancakes. 11. People _ _ __
maple syrup drizzled over
hot pancakes.
8. Europeans taught Native people how to make maple syrup.
12. An average maple tree
9. A maple tree will live for over 500 years. - - - - 130 litres of
sap a year.
 Summer fun in Ontario
** Ontario is a beautiful and interesting province. In the summer, there are
many things to see and do. Here are some ideas.

Enjoying nature
Ontario has
wonderful scenery and natural beauty.
There are 261 provincial parks in Ontario. They are
great places to enjoy nature. You can go camping,
hiking, or swimming.
Ontario also has many conservation areas. They
are ideal for a picnic or a quiet walk in nature.
In southeastern Ontario, a beautiful area is the
Thousand Islands. The islands are part of a park
system along the St. Lawrence River.
In the north, the Agawa Canyon is spectacular.
Visitors take a train from Sault Ste. Marie in the
morning. The train stops at many scenic places.
It returns to the Sault in the evening.
The Ontario Travel office has information about
provincial parks, conservation areas, and many
other parts of the province.

Fishing
Ontario's many rivers and
lakes are great for fishing. Land of a thousand lakes
To fish, you need a licence. Ontario is often called "the land
It costs $15 a year. You can of a thousand lakes." But in fact,
buy a fishing licence at many sporting goods stores, there are almost 250,000 lakes
camping outfitters, and vacation resorts. in the province. Here are some
other facts about Ontario:
Pick your own
Lots of people like to pick fruit • Name: from a Native word
and vegetables in the summer. that means "beautiful water."
Ontario has more than 400 • Area: 1,068,582 square km;
pick-your-own farms. You can get the free 2nd biggest province in Canada.
"Pick-your-own Guide" from Foodland Ontario.
• Longest distance from north
The toll-free number is 1-888-428-9668. to south: 1,730 km.
Summer events • Official symbols:
Summer is a busy time for special events. There Flower - white trillium
are many festivals, concerts, Native pow-wows,
and sports events. Some are big events such as Tree - white pine
the Caribana Festival in Toronto. Others are smaller Bird -loon
community affairs such as the Blueberry Festival
in Sioux Lookout. Mineral - amethyst.
Trillium
Illustration'; ([) QUt't'Il'1I Primer lilT Ofltario. Reprotill(('t/witlJ permissiorl

Ontario Reader· 7998 m

mTRUE OR FALSE? (Answers: page 94) m THE
CHECK
GRAMMAR
Read these sentences. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank.
Each sentence has one
1. T There are 261 provincial parks in Ontario. mistake in grammar.
2. Conservation areas are nice places for picnics. Correct the underlined
3. The Thousand Islands are in northern Ontario. mistake. (Answers: page 71)
are
4. The Ontario Travel office has information for sale. 1. There )1261 provincial
5. A fishing licence costs $50 a year. parks in Ontario.
6. You can get a free "Pick-your-own Guide." 2. You can go to camping,
7. There are a lot of special events in the summer. hiking, or swimming.
8. The Caribana Festival is in Sioux Lookout.
3. Ontario have many
9. Ontario is often called "the land of a thousand parks." conservation areas.

4. They are ideal for a

mGET THE FACTS (Answers: page 71) quiet walking in
nature.
Complete the facts about Ontario. Match the topics on
the left with the information on the right 5. Visitors taking a train
1. Name: amethyst from Sault Ste. Marie
in the morning.
2. Area: 1,730 km
3. Longest distance from a Native word that 6. Ontario's many rivers
from north to south: means IIbeautiful water" and lakes is great for
fishing.
4. Official flower: loon
S. Official tree: 1,068,582 square km 7. You can buying a
fishing licence at many
6. Official bird: white pine sporting goods stores.
7. Official mineral: white trillium
8. Lots of people like
to picking fruits and
[i TRY THIS vegetables.

1. Change the statements in exercise A to questions that 9. Are you plan a trip or
require a yes or no answer. Then ask a partner the questions. vacation in Ontario?
Example: 1. Are there 261 provincial parks in Ontario?
Or, make up your own questions.
2. Do a survey of the people in your class. Ask the following
questions. Then write the answers on a large chart.
• What do you like to do in your spare time?
• What parts of Ontario have you visited?
• What's vour favourite place in Ontario?
 Watch out for frostbite

** Winter cold and wind can freeze your HOW COLD DOES IT FEEL?
skin. This is called frostbite. Frostbite can
happen fast - in as little as five minutes.
Serious frostbite is painful. It can The wind chill index shows how cold it
permanently damage your skin and the feels when the wind is blowing. Here is
tissue below. an example from the chart below.
Toes, hands, ears, and noses get frostbite
most easily. • The temperature is -1°C. The wind is
Babies and seniors have a higher risk of blowing at 64 kilometres an hour.
frostbite. Babies lose more body heat than This combination of temperature and
adults because their skin is thinner. Seniors wind means that it feels like -20°C.
have poorer blood circulation.
If you get frostbite, put the frozen skin • How cold does it feel at -18°C with a
against a part of your body that is normal wind of 32 kilometres an hour?
temperature. Or, put it in warm water (not
hot water). Do not rub. Warming usually Wind Temperature (OC)
takes 30 to 60 minutes. For serious frostbite, Speed
see a doctor. ,:;..1 -7 -12 -18 ,

16km/h -9 -16 -22 -30

Tips to prevent frostbite
32km/h -15 -24 -31 -40
• Wear a hat and scarf. You lose up to 50%
of your body heat from your head and neck. .48 krn/h -19 -28 -37 -45
• Wear la'yers of loose-fitting clothing. This 48 km/h -19 -28 -37 -45
will trap air. Air is a good insulator. It will 64·km/h -29 -38 -48
-20
keep in your body heat.
• Keep dry. Change wet clothes and shoes
as soon as possible.
• Stay out of the wind.
Article ([) Queell:'; I'rilltt"r ,1'( {)llttlrio, 10 92. lkproliuCt'd wit" per11li.'isi(UJ

Ontario Reader· 1998 fi1

mMISSING WORDS m MYSTERY WORD
Write the correct word in the blank. (Check answers in story, p. 73.) Write the answers to the
clues in the blanks. The
Winter cold and wind can 1 freeze your skin. This first letter of each answer
2 _____ called frostbite. Frostbite can happen fast - is a letter in the Mystery
Word. All the answers are
in as 3 _ _ _ _ _ as five minutes.
from the stories on p. 73.
4 - - - - - frostbite is painful. It can permanently
Clues: (Answers: p. 94)
5 _____ your skin and the tissue below.
1. to turn into ice
Toes, hands, 6 ' and noses get frostbite most easily.
2. Babies have a higher
Babies and seniors have a ? risk of frostbite. - - - - of frostbite.
Babies lose more body 8 than adults because their 3. opposite of in
skin is thinner. Seniors have poorer 9 circulation. 4. You wear it around
If you get frostbite, put the frozen skin against a part of your neck.
your body that is 10 temperature. Or, put it in warm s. opposite of thicker
water (not hot water). Do not 11 • Warming usually 6. infants
takes 30 to 60 minutes. For serious frostbite, see a 12 _ __ 7. something that keeps
Tips to prevent frostbite in heat
• Wear a 13 and scarf. You lose up to 50% 8. to catch, keep in
of your body heat from your head and 14 _ _ _ __ 9. you hear with them
• Wear 15 of loose-fitting clothing. This will trap air.
Mystery Word
Air is a good 16 • It willi? in your body heat. ~

• Keep dry. 18 wet clothes and shoes as soon as possible. f [~~~g

r-
• Stay 19 of the wind.
t-:-- - -
4

mHOW COLD DOES IT FEEL? (Answers: page 94)

I:s""- - - --

1. How cold does it feel at -1°C when the wind is blowing tr- ------
at 16 km/h? tT-
-----
t::-- - - - - - - - -
2. How cold does it feel at -18°C when the wind is blowing 8

at 64 km/h? I;:-- - --
9

3. How cold does it feel at -7°C when the wind is blowing

at 32 km/h?
4. How cold does it feel at -12°C when there is no wind?

m Ontario Reader· 7998

 DATES TO REMEMBER - 1998
.*H~~~re S2m~'Jrp~~~llt ... , Canada's time zones
. . date,s~~'ebr<l~i.~rlS,~~.h,oI1~~~l~ * Canada has six time zones. There is a half-hour
in ·.199~~ Thed~Y~lna~~~dwith~,.;;£
:-,-,:: . . '.' "".' :':; :'::.:;~<:~. -::~'!:.~~':':'. ",: .. .... " ... : .. :. >: ;;; ,::' ,,' ", .:",:. ':>:::·7::·:·:·. .·:·<,/:·::·~:·:·:·. ·:·: ,::;~ :,.::~;;, :··':·:·::~A:}d;.;:;.~:
difference between the Newfoundland time zone and
~ian~~~~i~f< (*>,;#t,~tRqpligh91~~ the Atlantic time zone. There is a one-hour difference
in OrfF~·rio.B~,6K~/"~d~~rnrr~A
between the other zones.

::{?ffi~#~/;:,~hd@()~~'~~~ih~sses···.·' .
. :~rec:i9s~d ontb~~e't~~ys:.·

NEWFOUNDLAND

,\
8
,," :•.:. ,~ .. ' A... ' .

.Easter<:~~ .... :..... ~;; ......... Apr. 12::

CENTRAL
Mother's Day ..... ~ ...... ;.May 10
8
Father's Day .... ~ ....... ;.. June 21.
Canada Day* ,.... ;~.. ......... July 1 Daylight saving time
Civic Holiday* .~ .... ~ ........ Aug. 3
. .
* Parts of Canada began to use daylight saving time
in the early 1900s. Today, all provinces and territories
use daylight saving time except Saskatchewan.
Daylight saving time begins on the first Sunday in
April. We set our clocks ahead one hour. We move
Thanksgiving DaY*·. "', .. Oct. 12 back to standard time on the last Sunday in October.
We set our clocks back one hour.

Did you know? A Canadian, Sir Sandford Fleming,

helped to establish the system of standard time zones
around the world.

chri~f~as* .. ~·.~·.·.L ..~.:•.•. ·.·.~::··Dec.25

Boxing Day* .. L.......... Dec. 26

Ontario Reader· 7998 fiI

 mWILL OR WON'T? m WHAT PROVINCE
IS IT IN?
Read these sentences about "Dates to remember - 1998."
Write will or won't in the blanks. (Answers: page 94) Dl: Match the cities and
provinces. (Answers: p. 75)
1. Canada Day _ _w_iII_ _ be on July 1.
2. Victoria Day be on May 18. -1L St. John's
3. Easter be on May 12. Halifax
4. Labour Day _ _ _ _ _ be on September 8. Montreal
5. Banks be closed on April 10. Toronto
6. Banks be closed on October 31. __ Winnipeg
7. Father's Day be on June 21. __ Regina
8. We set our our clocks ahead one hour __ Calgary
on October 25.
Vancouver
9. We _ _ _ _ _ set them back one hour on October 25.
1. British Columbia

mWHAT TIME IS IT IN ... ? (Answers: page 94)

2. Ontario
' ....
' r. Manitoba
1. It's 1:30 p.m. in St. John's, Newfoundland. What time is
it in Vancouver? 4. Nova Scotia

2. It's noon in Calgary. What's the time in Halifax? 6. Quebec

3. John lives in Montreal. He has to phone his friend in 8. Newfoundland

Vancouver at 3 p.m. Pacific time. What time will it be 9. Saskatchewan
in Montreal?
10. Alberta
4. Maria is flying from Toronto to Winnipeg. Her flight
leaves Toronto at 7:30 a.m. It takes two and a half hours.
What time will it be in Winnipeg when she arrives? D2: What's the
abbreviation for each of
the above provinces?
[iii MISSIN~ WORDS (Answers: page 75) D3: Look in an atlas.
Parts of Canada began to use daylight saving time Find one other city in
each province?
in the 1 early 1900s. Today, all provinces and territories
use daylight saving time 2 Saskatchewan. D4: What city and
Daylight saving time begins on the 3 Sunday province do you live in?
Where else have you been
in April. We set our clocks -1 one hour. We move in Canada?
back to standard time on the 5 Sunday in
October. We set our clocks 6 one hour.

fla Ontario Reader· 1998

 MULTICULTURAL HOLIDAYS - 1998
;~, '.-> , '·',v ...-. < • - - •• -,' ••••• ,.,,';~'

* Here are:~~rTi~'9¥t6~'~inariy'E;~ Chinese zodiac

holidays cele~r~!~9cbyF', ':\' ":F\i
Canadians,' ofdifferent cultureS'
and religions.:SL',ffi;,;'
** The Chinese zodiac says that 1998 is the Year of
.
c;,,;,y,;'};;;,"
the Tiger. The zodiac has a 12-year cycle. Each year is ;,--~;-:;·:\>r.:.:··~~·

named after one of 12 animals. People born in that

year have the same characteristics as the animal.
What year were you born in?

(fllJI) Tiger (1998, 1986,1974 ... ): Sensitive, brave,

powerful, kind; but doesn't trust others.

~" ... ,,,.,.,,;:. -,... .... "

,

,~ (~) Rat (1996, 1984, 1972 ... ): Ambitious,

Ostara(Wicca);,;;J~2:;:,V;: "hi ,charming, successful; likes to gossip.
March 20 "" • ,,'~5: ';
Naw Ruz (Baha/i,Z()"oastri~~j Pig (1995, 1983, 1971 ... ): Kind, determined;
March 21 " , likes to learn; gets angry easily.

Easter (Christian) Dog (1994, 1982, 1970 ... ): Loyal, honest,

April 12 generous; good leader; has a sharp tongue.
Baisakhi (Sikh)
Rooster (1993, 1981 ... ): Thoughtful; usually
April 73
right; seldom angry; likes to be the boss.

( r!f
U1[
) Monkey (1992, 1980, 1968 ... ): Intelligent;
inventive; good memory; easily discouraged.
First Nation~'[)ay(Aborigfnal)
June 21 ~~ ; >',,'
,;:'i,' ., Sheep (1991, 1979, 1967 ... ): Talented,
St. Jean Baptiste [)~y(Qu~becois) artistic, gentle, often shy and peSSimistic.
June 24 "'" ' "
~.:~ ·,_.n" "'''-':':'':''' ~'. '.:" " '.,,)
Horse (1990, 1978, 1966 ... ): Popular, cheerful,
": ,_;' '., c'

Rosh Hashanah (jewish) independent, hard-working, impatient.

September? 1 '
Diwali d-iindu}Sikh) Snake (1989, 1977, 1965 ... ): Wise, good-
October79" ,'. looking, sophisticated; changes mind easily.
;: .'\ ;>.t~~~~ ,
Ramadan (Muslim) ','• Dragon (1988, 1976 ... ): Proud, energetic,
December 20 "", '
flashy, easily excited; good politician.
Kwanzaa (Afro ill'Y'!,orj'''''':I>n

December 26 Rabbit (1987, 1975, 1963 ... ): Smart,

trustworthy, capable; needs security.
© QUee/(\ Prillter Inr Olltario. 1991, Reproduced wit/I pcnllissirJII

Ontario Reader· 1998 fIJ

 mTRUE OR FALSE? (Answers: page 94) mSAME MEANING
Read these sentences about "Multicultural Holidays - 1998." Match the words that
Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank. mean the same.
(Answers: page 94)
1. _F_ The Vietnamese New Year begins on January l.
2. Easter is a Christian holiday. 1. powerful d
3. In 1998, Easter will be on May 12.
2. brave
4. Ramadan is a Muslim holiday.
S. Holi is also a Muslim holiday. 3. kind
6. Holi will be on March 13 in 1998. 4. cheerful
7. Rosh Hashanah is a Jewish holiday. S. smart
8. International Women's Day will be on March 8.
6. good-looking _ _
9. Baisakhi and Songkran will be on the same ua ~ .
7. shy
III OPPOSITES (Answers: pa(Tn 'Lf)
8. capable

Write a word with the opposite meaning in the blank. 9. artistic

ambitious brave capable generous patient kind
loyal optimistic smart sophisticated wise a. happy
1. He's not afraid. He's brave b. attractive
2. I'm not stingy. I'm _ _ _ _ __ c. in telligen t
3.
4.
S.
Maria isn't mean. She's _ _ _ __
Tom is not lazy. He's _ _ _ _ __
They aren't foolish. They are _ _ _ _ __
d. strong
e. creative
I
6. I'm not stupid. I'm _ _ _ _ __ f. good-hearted
7. We're not pessimistic. We're _ _ _ _ __ g. competent
8. They're not unsophisticated. They're _ _ _ __ h. courageous
9. She's not impatient. She's _ _ _ _ __
i. timid
10. I'm not incapable. I'm _ _ _ _ __
11. They aren't disloyal. They're _ _ _ __

III TRYTH,IS
1. According to the Chinese zodiac, what animal represents he year you were born in?
Do you agree with the characteristics for that year? Are y( 11 that kind of person?
2. Do a survey of the people in your class. Find out what YeJr everyone was born in (Tiger,
Ox, etc.) Then write the answers on a large chart.
3. What are the characteristics of a good: (a) teacher (b) politician?
4. Which of the holidays listed on page 77 do people in your class celebrate? Do a survey.
S. What will be the most important holiday for you in 1998?

&D Ontario Reader • 1998 I

i,
~
Ontario Quiz
Circle the correct answer to complete
7•
the facts about Ontario. All of the
answers are in Ontario Reader 1998.
(Answers: p. 94)

1. The official flower of Ontario is the - - -

a. rose (])white trillium c. tulip
2. Ontario is Canada's second biggest province. It's square area is _ __
a. more than 1 million sq. km b. about 500,000 sq. km c. less than 500,000 sq. km
3. There are _ _ _ lakes in Ontario.
a. almost 25,000 b. almost 50,000 c. almost 250,000
4. Toronto is the capital city of Ontario. It's population is _ __
a. 1.4 million b. 2.4 million c. 3.4 million
5. There are ____ municipalities in Ontario.
a. about 500 b. about 650 c. about 900
6. Ontario's biggest manufacturing industry is _ __
a. auto parts and assembly b. chemicals c. plastics
7. In Ontario, the majority of jobs are in the sector.
a. manufacturing b. utilities c. service
8. Ontario's most important trading partner is _ __
a. Japan b. the United States c. Mexico
9. Ontario spends _ _ _ a year on education.
a. about $14 billion b. about $40 billion c. about $4 billion
10. Ontario gets _ _ _ of Canada's immigrants every year.
a. less than 25% b. about 42% c. more than 50%
11. You have to be years old to drive in Ontario.
a. at least 19 b. at least 16 c. at least 21
12. You have to be years old to buy cigarettes in Ontario.
a. at h.~ast 19 b. at least 16 c. at least 21
13. Every year, _ _ _ people are injured in car accidents in Ontario.
a. about 120,000 b. about 1,100 c. about 90,000
14. Ontario's only saltwater port is _ __
a. Moosonee b. Toronto c. Sault Ste. Marie
15. Ontario's first English settlement was established in _ _ _ in 1672.
a. Cochrane b. Nepean c. Moose Factory
Ontario Reader· 1998 fil
 TRY THIS

1. Change each of the statements in "Ontario Quiz" to questions. Then ask a partner the
questions.
Example: 1. The official flower of Ontario is the _ __
What is the official flower of Ontario?

2. Create a "Mystery Word" puzzle using the facts on page 79 or other facts about Ontario.
Work with a partner or in a small group. Then let other groups try your puzzle.

mD Ontario Reader· 1998

Canada Quiz
Circle the correct answer to complete
the facts about Canada. All of the
answers are in Ontario Reader 1998.
(Answers: p. 94)

1. There are time zones in Canada.

a. four b. five @six
2. The smallest province in Canada is _ __
b. Newfoundland b. Prince Edward Island c. Nova Scotia
3. Newfoundland became a province of Canada in _ __
a. 1867 b. 1902 c. 1949
4. The Confederation Bridge links the provinces of P.E.I. and _ __
a. New Brunswick b. Nova Scotia c. Newfoundland
5. The most expensive city in Canada for real estate is _ __
a. Toronto b. Vancouver c. Montreal
6. The first Europeans arrived in Canada years ago.
a. one hundred b. one thousand c. five hundred
7. Native people have been in Canada for _ _ _ years.
a. 25,000 b. 2,500 c. 10,000
8. percent of Canada's population was born in a foreign country.
a. Eighteen b. Forty-two c. Forty-eight
9. There are _ _ _ elected representatives in the House of Commons.
a. 103 b. 104 c. 301
10. Canada's Prime Minister is Jean Chretien. He is the leader of the ___ Party.
a. Reform b. Conservative c. Liberal
11. The Party is the Official Opposition in the House of Commons.
a. Reform b. Conservative c. Liberal
12. The Governor General of Canada is _ __
a. Hilary Weston b. Romeo LeBlanc c. Paul Martin
13. You have to be _ _ _ years old to vote in a federal election.
a. at least 18 b. at least 19 d. at least 21
14. Canada's national debt is about _ __
a. $100 billion b. $200 billion c. $600 billion
15. of every tax dollar pays for the interest on the national debt.
a. 21 cents b. 32 cents c. 43 cents
 TRY THIS

1. Change each of the statements in "Canada Quiz" to questions.

Then ask a partner the questions.
Example: 1. There are time zones in Canada.
How many time zones are there in Canada?

2. Create a "Mystery Word" puzzle using the facts on page 81 or other facts about Canada.
Work with a partner or in a small group. Then let other groups try your puzzle.

BfA Ontario Reader· 1998

 Get ready, read, remember!
Here are some steps to help you understand and remember what you read.
To practice the steps, turn to the story _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Step 1: Get ready to read.

Read the title of the story. Look at the photo.

What do you think the article is about? (What is the topic?)

What do you know about this topic? What words do you think of?

What questions do you have about the story?

Step 2: Read the article.

Does the story answer your questions? Write the answers here.

What else did you learn from the story?

Step 3: Remember the article.

Put the story away. Tell someone else what the story is about.
Or write the story in your own words.

Follow steps 1 to 3 when you read other stories.

Adapted with pennissioll (rom English Express

1m] Ontario Reader· 1998

K-W-L
K-W-L is a way to ask and answer questions when you read. It is also a way to take
notes when you want to learn about something.
Here is how to do K-W-L. Try it with the story about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

1. Think about what you already know about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Do this before you start to read the article.
Write your ideas on the worksheet under What I know (K).

2. Think about what you want to know about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _'--__

Write your questions on the worksheet under What I want to know (W).

3. Read the story. See if it answers your questions.

4. After you read the story, think about what you learned. Write this on the
worksheet under What I learned (L).

S. Now you have notes about what you know and what you learned.
You can use your notes to write your own story about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

K: What I know W: What I want to know L: What I learned

Reprinted with pemlission from English Express. Adapted from Carr, E. and Ogle, D. (April, 1987).
K-W-L Plus: A Strategy for Comprehension and Summarization. Journal of Reading. 30, 7, pp. 626-31

Ontario Reader· 7998 m

 Word web
This is a useful activity for vocabulary development and speaking practice. It can
be done in pairs, small groups or with the whole class. Choose a theme or topic
that relates to an article in Ontario Reader. Ask the learners to discuss the topic and
write related words on the web. You can provide the sub-topics or the learners can
create them themselves. When they are finished the word web, they can share it
with the rest of the class.

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PJJ Ontario Reader· 7998