6.

0 RESULT

i. Shaft without crack

 Shaft without crack Universal Vibration System

 Graph :Shaft without crack Velocity (mm/s) versus Frequency (Hz)

ii. Shaft with small crack

 Shaft with small crack Universal Vibration System

 Graph :Shaft with small crack Velocity (mm/s) versus Frequency (Hz)
iii. Shaft with big crack

 Shaft with big crack Universal Vibration System

 Graph : Shaft with big crack Velocity (mm/s) versus Frequency (Hz)
7.0 DISCUSSION
In this experiment, the motive to carry out the simulation of “Crack in shaft” with
protruding shaft end is to observe and analyse the crack identification from the change in
spectrum. Generally in this experiment a crack can be caused by the material fatigue which
may lead to the dreaded fatigue fracture. As an early detection this is why the experiment
has been carried out. A crack in the shaft influences the shaft’s vibration behaviour by
changing rigidity. Hence these changes can be identified by measuring the vibrations on the
shaft and using the suitable analysis software.

Besides that, from this experiment the simulation was carried out using the short shaft
with flange and the constant radial load was created by using the belt. We are also required
to take note of the maximum capacity of the belt drive which is 70 N. Next, in this
experiment we are required to perform three different detections such as the shaft without
crack, shaft with small crack and shaft with big crack. For the experiment with no shaft
crack, all six screws should be fitted with spacer sleeves to give a secure connection with no
clearance and for the experiment with a shaft small crack, five consecutive screws as secure
connection and the other three are fitted as a loose connection. Finally, for the “shaft with
big crack” two screws are fitted as secure connection and the other four as a loose
connection.

Based from the outcome it shows that there’s three different results obtained from the
testing. From this, the frequency spectra for the three experiments are compared. First of
all, the frequency spectrum for the “shaft without crack” (six supporting screws) is
displayed. Here, the essential vibration at 40.08 Hz can be seen. From what had been
perceived most of the other vibrations are caused by the belt drive. Second order vibrations
in the frequency spectrum are characteristic for the “shaft with small crack”. Here, the
essential vibration of frequency at 39.94 Hz can be seen. These are caused by the direction-
specific rigidity of the shaft. The shaft passes through the area of lower and higher rigidity
twice per revolution. This results in vibrations with double the frequency of the speed.
Finally, the third frequency spectrum for the “shaft with big crack” is at 39.92 Hz. As a final
point we are able to utilize and understand interpreting the frequency spectra using the
computerised vibration analyser.