1 −2 4

Dada la matriz A= A = (2 0 3)
1 1 5

a) Exprese la matriz como una matriz triangular superior, haciendo uso únicamente
de operaciones elementales.

1 −2 4 1 −2 4 1 −2 4
A = (2 0 3) F2 cambio F3 A = (1 1 5) F1-F2 A = (0 −3 −1)
1 1 5 2 0 3 2 0 3

1 −2 4 1 −2 4 1 −2 4
F3-2F1 A = (0 −3 −1) 4F2 A = (0 −12 −4) 3F3 A = (0 −12 −4 )
0 4 −5 0 4 −5 0 12 −15

1 −2 4
F3- F2 A = (0 −12 −4 ) Matriz triangula superior.
0 0 −19

b) Calcule A2 − 3B sabiendo que:

15 −5 2
B=(2 0 0)
1 6 5

1 −2 4 1 −2 4
A2 = (2 0 3) . (2 0 3) = C
1 1 5 1 1 5

C1 1 = 1 ∗ 1 + (−2) ∗ 2 + 4 ∗ 1= 1

C1 2= 1*(-2) + (-2)*0 + + 4*1 =2

C1 3= 1*4 + (-2)*3+4*5= 18

C2 1= 2*1+ 0*2+3*1=5

C2 2= 2*(-2) +0*0+3*1=-1
C2 3= 2*4+0*3+ 3*5=23

C3 1= 1*1+1*2+5*1=8

C3 2= 1*(-2)+ 1*0+5*1=3

C3 3= 1*4+1*3+5*5=32
 1 2 18
C = (5 −1 23)
8 3 32
15 −5 2 −45 15 −6
−3B = −3 ( 2 0 0) = ( −6 0 0 )
1 6 5 −3 −18 −15
A2 − 3B

1 2 18 −45 15 −6
2
A − 3B = (5 −1 23) + ( −6 0 0 )
8 3 32 −3 −18 −15
−44 17 12
A2 − 3B = ( −1 −1 23)
5 −15 17