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2010 Nobel Peace Prize
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The 2010 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to imprisoned Chinese human rights activist Liu Xiaobo "for
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his long and nonviolent struggle for fundamental human rights in China." [1] A coauthor of the Charter 08
Main page manifesto and veteran of the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, he was sentenced to 11 years in
Contents prison by Chinese authorities on Christmas Day 2009. [2] Liu defeated a record number of nominations
Featured content more than 200 to secure the award. [2]
Current events
Intellectuals and politicians from the international community praised the decision, though the Chinese
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government expressed dismay. Censorship was experienced during attempts to broadcast news of the
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award to Chinese citizens via the internet, television and print media. China summoned the Norwegian
ambassador in Beijing "to officially share their opinion, their disagreement and their protest." [3] Those
Interaction who attempted to celebrate were arrested. [4]
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Nomination and announcement [edit]
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Download as PDF Liu was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by International PEN, the worldwide association of writers. [5] Many Peace Prize laureates, including
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Desmond Tutu and the Dalai Lama, and contenders, including V áclav Havel, became increasingly vocal in their support of Liu's cause after his
imprisonment in 2009, and united to campaign for him to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. [2]
Initial reactions [edit]
In China [edit]
[10]
Following the announcement on 8 October 2010, the Chinese government ordered the deletion of all print and broadcast stories on the topic. A
news anchor anchor on Chinese state television read a foreign ministry statement which labelled the decision "a blasphemy." [11] People's Republic
of China – Norway relations were believed to have been damaged. [5][12][13]
"Liu Xiaobo" or "Nobel Peace Prize" became the most searched terms among internet users in China, [5], and there were reports of searches in
China using Chinese search engines leading to an error page. [11]. However, some time after the release of the official response from the Chinese
Foreign Ministry (certainly by the late morning of Oct.11, China time) depending on the method one uses, such as searching "Liu Xiaobo" in
Chinese without attaching the words "Peace Prize", one can find information about Liu by using Chinese search engines like Baidu. Yet, the great
majority of sites found this way regarding Liu and the Peace Prize contain only the official foreign ministry response. [14]. There were also reports
that the mentioning of "Nobel Prize" on microblogging sites led to removal by authorities. [11] One netizen claimed that his SIM card had been
deactivated after texting a relative about the Nobel Peace Prize. [11] Broadcasters, such as the BBC and CNN, experienced censorship in China
when Liu was mentioned. [5][12][11]
Writer Liao Yiwu, a best friend of Liu, described it as "a big moment in Chinese history". [12] Another writer, Yu Jie, spent the night awake with tears
streaming down his face "Twenty years ago Liu Xiaobo said that China needed someone with moral clarity about what China needs. Now he has
become just that person, that he himself was looking for", he said. [15] Former Chinese diplomat Yang Hengjun described it as "a very big signal to
the Chinese government do political reform or you will have a lot of enemies around you and within you." [6] Chinese police cordoned off Liu's house
and prevented his wife from giving the interviews she desired. [5][16] She was later ordered out of Beijing. [5] Fellow activist Li Hai stood near Liu's
apartment in Beijing, telling Liu's life story to anyone who wished to know, despite the presence of police nearby. [5]
Human rights lawyer Li Heping said there were others who deserved a Nobel too, such as Gao Zhisheng, Chen Guangchen, and Hu Jia, but called it
"huge encouragement for the Chinese people [...] an affirmation that there are people around the world who really care about human rights and the
legal system in China, that the world hasn’t forgotten us." [10] Some Chinese dissidents abroad said Liu was the wrong choice as he was too "soft"
on the government, but most said he was worthy of the award. [5]
In Norway [edit]
Prime Minister of Norway Jens Stoltenberg said: "The Nobel Committee’s decision directs a spotlight on the human rights situation in China, and
underscores the links between development, democracy and universal human rights. China has made huge economic and social progress over the
last decades. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed." [10] The Norwegian peace activist, jurist and author Fredrik S.
Heffermehl criticized the Nobel Committee for having strayed from the original wishes of Alfred Nobel that the prize should be focused on
disarmament and that instead of being Nobel's Peace Prize it had become the Peace Prize of the Norwegian Parliament, and he characterized it as
illegitimate, yet acknowledging the work of Liu. [17][18] Before WWII 90 percent of the prizes went according to the will of Alfred Nobel, but after the
war only 50 percent adhere to the will, according to Heffermehl. [19]
Other Nobel laureates [edit]
The Dalai Lama, who himself was the focus of Chinese fury when he was named peace laureate in 1989, released a statement on his website:
"Awarding the Peace Prize to [Liu] is the international community's recognition of the increasing voices among the Chinese people in pushing China
towards political, legal and constitutional reforms. I have been personally moved as well as encouraged by the efforts of hundreds of Chinese
intellectuals and concerned citizens, including Mr Liu Xiaobo in signing the Charter 08, which calls for democracy and freedom in China." [20]
Polish Nobel laureate Lech Wałęsa said he was "very satisfied", describing it as "a challenge for China and the entire world". [21]
Mario Vargas Llosa, awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature the previous day, described it on Peruvian television as "magnificent news because
it is often forgotten that China, which is achieving extraordinary economic success, is still a dictatorship and quite monolithic regarding politics" and
"a tribute to all Chinese dissidents and all Chinese who want, not just economic, but also political growth and progress in China." [22]
Other reactions [edit]
SecretaryGeneral of the United Nations Ban Kimoon issued a statement saying the award was "a recognition of the growing international
consensus for improving human rights practices and culture around the world" and added his hopes "that any differences on this decision will not
detract from advancement of the human rights agenda globally or the high prestige and inspirational power of the award". [23]
The European Union and the governments of France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom praised the decision. [24] France, Germany and the
main opposition party in Taiwan called upon China to release Liu. [8] The Polish foreign ministry said it had "appreciation" of the decision. [21]
Australian Greens leader Bob Brown described the decision as "inspiring" but was critical of the "sheer ignorance and gutlessness of most of
Australia's politicians on the plight of campaigning democrats in China". [25] Prime Minister of Canada Stephen Harper said: "I would hope the fact
that he's now a Nobel Peace Prize winner would cause our friends in the Chinese government to look seriously at that issue of his release from
prison. But I would say, more than anything, we’re delighted for him and send him our congratulations." [5] Both President of the United States and
2009 peace laureate Barack Obama and United States Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton called for the immediate release of Liu, with
Obama calling him "eloquent and courageous". [26][27]
University of British Columbia Asian studies specialist Professor Josephine ChiuDuke said she thought "there are many inside the Communist
Party of China itself who will be elated. They are just like us, hoping that China can be free, democratic and civilized" and that it would "encourag[e]
more Chinese to speak up." [10]
Former British diplomat Kerry Brown commented: "China is the world's second largest economy, the largest holder of foreign reserves and the
world's largest exporter. But it doesn't currently have a single Nobel prize winner in its universities, its institutions or its government. The one prize
winner within the borders of the People's Republic of China is now sitting in one of its jails." [10]
Liu is informed [edit]
Liu's wife Liu Xia was due to inform him of the decision during a visit to Jinzhou Prison on 9 October 2010. [10] This she successfully did, with Liu
weeping and dedicating the award to those who suffered as a result of the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. [28] According to a message relayed
by his wife on Twitter, Liu was informed that he had been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on the night of Saturday 9 October 2010, one day after it
was announced to the world. [28] Mrs Liu later returned home but was not permitted to leave and was watched by armed guards. [28] China now faces
the dilemma of whether to release Liu in order to receive the Nobel Peace Prize, or prevent him from leaving the country as Aung San Suu Kyi was
by Burmese authorities in 1991. [29]
References [edit]
1. ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2010". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
2. ^ a b c d Allen, Greene, Richard (7 October 2010). "Who will win this year's Nobel Peace Prize?" . CNN (Turner Broadcasting System). Retrieved 7
October 2010.
3. ^ "China protests as Liu Xiaobo wins Nobel Prize". RTÉ News and Current Affairs (Raidió Teilifís Éireann). 8 October 2010. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
4. ^ Stack, Megan K. (10 October 2010). "Chinese media stay resolutely silent on Nobel winner". Los Angeles Times (Tribune Company). Retrieved 10
October 2010.
5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k MacKinnon, Mark (9 October 2010). "Jailed dissident ’s Nobel Peace Prize infuriates China". The Globe and Mail (CTVglobemedia).
Retrieved 9 October 2010.
6. ^ a b c d Garnaut, John (9 October 2010). "China furious at Nobel's 'violation'". The Age (Fairfax Media). Retrieved 9 October 2010.
7. ^ Lovell, Julia (9 October 2010). "Beijing values the Nobels. That's why this hurts". The Independent (Independent Print Limited). Retrieved 9 October
2010.
8. ^ a b "Chinese anger at Nobel Prize choice" . Al Jazeera. 8 October 2010. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
9. ^ Bangkokpost.com. "Bangkokpost.com." China's Liu Xiaobo wins Nobel Peace Prize. Retrieved on 20101009.
10. ^ a b c d e f Schiller, Bill (8 October 2010). "China tries to block news of dissident's Nobel prize". Toronto Star (Torstar). Retrieved 8 October 2010.
11. ^ a b c d e Jiang, Steven (8 October 2010). "China blanks Nobel Peace prize searches". CNN (Turner Broadcasting System). Retrieved 8 October 2010.
12. ^ a b c Branigan, Tania (8 October 2010). "Liu Xiaobo Nobel win prompts Chinese fury". The Guardian (Guardian Media Group). Retrieved 8 October
2010.
13. ^ Bagchi, Indrani (9 October 2010). "Nobel to Liu caps horrible year for China". The Times of India (The Times Group). Retrieved 9 October 2010.
14. ^ http://www.baidu.com/s?bs=%C1%F5%CF%FE%B2%A8&f=8&wd=%C1%F5%CF%FE%B2%A8
15. ^ "China will 'think twice' in future". The Straits Times (Singapore Press Holdings ). 9 October 2010. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
16. ^ Branigan, Tania and Chung, Dan (8 October 2010). "Liu Xiaobo's Nobel peace prize win sparks Chinese fury" . The Guardian (Guardian Media
Group). Retrieved 8 October 2010.
17. ^ "Heffermehl: – Illegitim fredspris til Liu" (in Norwegian). Fædrelandsvennen. NTB. October 8, 2010. Retrieved October 10, 2010.
18. ^ Institute for Public Accuracy (October 7, 2010). "Has the Nobel Peace Prize Been Corrupted?". Press release . Retrieved October 10, 2010.
19. ^ "Tilldelandet av fredspriset väcker fördömande" (in Swedish). Voice of Russia. October 8, 2010. Retrieved October 10, 2010.
20. ^ "Dalai Lama congratulates fellow Nobel laureate". The Times of India (The Times Group). 8 October 2010. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
21. ^ a b "Nobel a challenge to China: Walesa" . The Sydney Morning Herald (Fairfax Media). 8 October 2010. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
22. ^ "Nobel ‘tribute’ to all China dissidents: Vargas Llosa". Khaleej Times (Galadari Printing and Publishing). 8 October 2010. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
23. ^ "U.N. chief says Nobel peace award shows rights focus" . Reuters. 8 October 2010. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
24. ^ Stobart, Jane (8 October 2010). "Europe praises choice of Liu for Nobel". Los Angeles Times (Tribune Company). Retrieved 8 October 2010.
25. ^ "Liu Xiaobo inspiring: Bob Brown". ninemsn (PBL Media and Microsoft). 9 October 2010. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
26. ^ "Clinton urges China to free Liu Xiaobo". The Sydney Morning Herald (Fairfax Media). 9 October 2010. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
27. ^ "Obama calls on China to free Nobel laureate Liu" . Newsday (Cablevision). 8 October 2010. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
28. ^ a b c "Wife visits jailed Chinese Nobel winner Liu Xiaobo". BBC News (BBC). 10 October 2010. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
29. ^ Dasgupta, Saibal (8 October 2010). "Will Liu Xiaobo go the San Suu Kyi way?". The Times of India (The Times Group). Retrieved 8 October 2010.
External links [edit]
Official Nobel Page
Wikimedia Commons has media
Al Jazeera: Profile: Liu Xiaobo related to: Liu Xiaobo
The Daily Telegraph: Liu Xiaobo wins Nobel Peace Prize: a profile
The Irish Times: A champion of basic rights who refuses to be silenced Wikisource has original text
The Observer: A superb choice for the peace prize that China can't ignore: Awarding a Nobel to Liu related to this article:
Charter 08
Xiaobo has served to amplify his prodemocratic voice
Preceded by
Nobel Peace Prize Succeeded by
2009
2010 incumbent
Barack Obama
Kofi Annan / United Nations (2001) ∙ Jimmy Carter (2002) ∙ Shirin Ebadi (2003) ∙ Wangari Maathai (2004) ∙ International Atomic Energy Agency / Mohamed ElBaradei (2005) ∙
Grameen Bank / Muhammad Yunus (2006) ∙ Al Gore / Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) ∙ Martti Ahtisaari (2008) ∙ Barack Obama (2009) ∙ Liu Xiaobo (2010)
Complete roster: 1901–1925 ∙ 1926–1950 ∙ 1951–1975 ∙ 1976–2000 ∙ 2001–present
Categories: 2010 awards | 2010 in China | 2010 in Norway | Nobel Peace Prize
This page was last modified on 11 October 2010 at 04:14.
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