Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Propiedades
In e 1
exp( x) e x
e0 1
e a eb e a b
e a eb e a b
log a x Inx
Ina
log a e 1
Ina
sech( x) 1
cosh( x ) 2
e x e x
csch( x) 1
sen h( x ) 2
e x e x
Identidades de funciones
sen( x ) csc( x ) 1
tan( x ) sen ( x )
cos( x )
sen 2 ( x ) cos 2 ( x ) 1
cos 2 ( x ) 1 sen 2 ( x)
cos( x) sec( x) 1
ctg ( x ) cos( x )
sen ( x )
sec 2 ( x) 1 tan 2 ( x)
tan( x )ctg ( x) 1
ctg 2 ( x) 1 csc 2 ( x)
Termodinámica, procesos, ciclos y motores de combustión
Valores de constantes
nitrogeno
R 296.8 KgKJ K
CP 1.0399 KgKJ K
K 1.399
CV 0.7431 KgKJ K
1,3, 4, 6 h
caso real 3, 7, 6 p
h3 h2 ((h2 h3 )(ist )) h3 z h6 (1 z ) h7
h7 h6
h4 h3 ((h3 h4 )(ist )) z h3 h6
Ciclo de Carnot
qs Qs
m
PV RT
TH RV m PV
RT
mR 1
V4 (( TTHC ) K 1 )V1
t 1 TC
TH
P4 RTC
qr qs (1 t )
V4
m
qs P3 RTC
V3
V2 v1e RTH m
PV mRT
p2 RTH
V2
fisica
termica
Diseño de motor alternativo
q h w q h w w h
w h qs h WT (h4 h3 )
WC (h2 h1 ).........h C pT qs (h3 h2 ) WT C p (T4 T3 )
Proceso 1-2
WC C p (T2 T1 )....... P2 qs C p (T3 T2 ) WT C p (T3 T4 )
P1
K 1
WC C pT1 ( TT12 1) qs C pT3 (1 TT23 )........T2 T1 K WT C pT3 (1 TT43 )
K 1
K K qs C pT3 (1 TT13 K
) WT C pT3 (1 1
)
K 1 K 1
WC C pT1 ( K 1
1)... P2
P1 ( ) T2
T1 exp K
W q K
qr Proceso
C p (T1 1-2
T4 ) t util ..........1 s exp
qs qr
T3T1 KK1
( )
T1
K
T3 K 1
opt ( )
T1
III. Análisis con procesos de expansión y compresión reales
CP
K
CV
n dvv 0
dp
q h w K 1
C K 1 p
R C p ( )........... P
K
log P n log v cte
w h R K
vdp dh H K 1 ( pdv vdp )
vdp K PV n cte
dh vdp dh f .............dh f dh vdp ( KK1 )(1 ) pdv ( KK1 )(1 )vdp 0.8 isc 0.94
dh vdp
H ......h C pT .....dh C p dT Kvdp vdp K (1 ) pdv K (1 )vdp 0.9 isT 0.98
PV RT K (1 ) pdv vdp ( K K K 1) 0 WC h h T T
isc ...... 2 1 ..... 2 1
d ( pv) RdT K (1 ) pdv vdp ( K 1) 0 1
PV WC h2 h1 T2 T1
dh ( K )(1 ) dpp ( K 1) 0
Cp
WT h3 h4 T T
dv
d ( pv) v
isT
R
..... ...... 3 4
( pdv vdp ) kK(11) dvv 0 h3 h4 T3 T4
vdp Cp dp
H R p
WT
CV n kK(11) T2 T1
R C p CV .............R C p (1 ) T2 T1.......T4 T3 isT (T3 T4 )
CP isc
Para calcular el ciclo de forma ideal ocuparemos las siguientes formulas
T2 T1
T2 T1.......T4 T3 isT (T3 T4 )
isc
WC C p (T2 T1 )...........WT C p (T3 T4 )
WUTIL WT WC
IV. Análisis con suministro de combustible y perdidas de presión en la cámara
P3 P P2 ..............P 1 dp
mf
f
ma
PCS PCI hvap
QS m f PCI ... ...QS comb m f PCI
0.96 comb 0.99
qs comb f PCI
ma h2 comb m f PCI (ma m f )h3
h2 comb f PCI (1 f )h3
C pT2 comb f PCI (1 f )C pgT3 P3 (1 dp ) P2
exp P3
C pg T3 C pT2 P4
f
comb PCI C pgT3 qs comb f PCI
1 C pgT3 C pT2
WT (1 f )C pg T3 (1 k g 1
) f
comb PCI C pgT3
kg
exp
WT isT WT .........WT (1 f )C pg (T3 T4 )
0.80 E 0.99
T2 T5
E 100%
C pT2 (1 f )C pgT4 C pT2 a (1 f )C pgT5
T2 T5 C pT2 a (1 f )C pgT5 C pgT3 C pT2 a
E ..... f
T2 a T4 C pT2 (1 f )C pgT4 comb PCI C pgT3
C pT2 (1 f )C pgT4 C pT2 a (1 f )C pgT5 C pg T3 E C pT2 E C pgT4 C pT5
f
C pT2 a (1 f )C pgT5 comb PCI C pgT3 C pgT5 E C pgT4
E
C pT2 (1 f )C pgT4 3600 f
SFC
Wutil
Estado 1 Estado 2 Estado 2a Estado 3 Estado 4
P2 P1 100 dp
P3 ( ) P2 P4 P1
P2 P2 a 100
P1 NM K 1
T3
T2 T1 K f (comb PCI C pgT3 ) C pgT3 T3 max T4
T1 NM T2 a kg 1
T2 T1 Cp P3 P3 exp kg
T2 T1 exp
ISC P4 P1
T4 T3 IST (T3 T4 )
Estado 5 formulas
C pgT3 E C pT2 E C pgT4 C pgT5
f qs f comb PCI
comb PCI C pgT3 C pgT5 E C pgT4
P5 P1 qr (1 f )C pgT4 C pT1
Wc C p (T2 T1 )
T5 T2 qreg C p (T2 a T2 )
WT (1 f )C pg (T3 T4 ) Wutil qs qreg qr
Wutil WT Wc
1 C pT1 ( kg
1)
(1 f )C pg T3 (1 )isT
isC
kg 1 kg 1
p
kg kg
k 1 k 1
kg 1
1 k
C pT1 k
(1 f )C pgT3 ( kg
0
isC
kg 1 kg 1
p
kg kg
kg 1
k 1 kg 1
C pg kg T3 1
(1 f ) isT isC kg 1
k kg
C p k 1 T1
p
kg
k
k 1 kg 1 kKg Kg k kKg
k kg kKg
kKg
kg 1 2 kKg k Kg
(1 f ) kg C pg T
opt 3
kg 1
k 1 C p T1 isT isC
p
kg
k
kKg
kg 1 2 kKg k Kg
kg C pg T3
opt (1 f ) isT isC
k 1 C p T1
k
k
T 2( k 1)
opt 3 isT isC
T1
k
T k 1
opt 3
T1
matemáticas avanzadas
mecánica de fluidos
termodinámica