Layers of the Earth

Aim

During Earth’s early formation, the planet underwent a period of

differentiation that allowed the heaviest elements to sink to the center and
lighter ones to rise to the surface. Earth’s internal layering can be defined
by this resulting chemical composition.

The three main layers of Earth include

1) Crust (1 percent of Earth’s volume),

2) Mantle (84 percent), and
3) Core (inner and outer combined, 15 percent).

Make the Earth Layers Material required:

 1 kg white cleaned powder salt

 1 tablespoon yellow colour powder
 1 tablespoon orange colour powder
 1 tablespoon red colour powder
 1 tablespoon brown colour powder
 1 tablespoon green colour powder salt
 1 plastic toy of any animal
 1 transparent glass bowl

Procedure

1. Divide powder salt into five small mixing bowls.

2. Add Colors into the salt mix it well.
3. To build the Earth by adding the layers, start with plain white salt
(Inner Core) into the glass bowl followed by
4. Yellow colour (Outer Core)
5. Orange colour (Mantle)
6. Brown colour (Crust)
7. Green (top surface of the Earth with plants)
8. Each layer should completely cover the previous layer. Adjust
amounts as necessary based upon your cup size.
9. Place the toy on the top

What's going on / Conclusion

Kids can learn about the different parts of the earth’s core, visually in
this layered bowl.

The Earth is made up of 4 distinct layers:

 Crust: This is the outer layer of the earth and is 0-60 km thick,
depending upon the location.. The crust is solid, rocky and brittle and
packed with calcium and sodium-aluminum silicates. The crust’s
temperature is about 0 ºC

 Mantle: The mantle is the next layer downwards towards the Earth’s
core. It’s the thickest layer of the Earth at nearly 2900 km. It’s a
semi-molten solid that can deform like a plastic. The top of the layer
 is hard like rock, but the bottom of the layer is beginning to melt due
to temperature. The mantle’s temperature is about 1000 ºC.

 Outer Core: Traveling down into the Earth, you’ll find the outer core.
The outer core is a molten layer 2900-5100 km thick made up of
primarily of iron, sulfur and oxygen. The temperature here is about
3700 ºC. The outer core is the only liquid layer of the Earth.

 Inner Core: The center of the Earth is the inner core and the hottest
zone at ~5500 ºC. It’s basically a big ball of solid iron about 5000-
6000 km deep that floats in the middle of the outer core.