ABSTRACT

With the water requirements in irrigation being large, there is a need for a smart irrigation system that can save
about 80% of the water. This prototype aims at saving time and avoiding problems like constant vigilance. It also
helps in water conservation by automatically providing water to the plants/gardens depending on their water
requirements. It can also prove to be efficient in Agricultural fields, Lawns & Parks. As techno logy is advancing,
there is always a chance of reducing risks and making work simpler. Embedded and micro controller systems
provide solutions for many problems. This application precisely controls water system for gardens by using a sensor
micro controller system. It is achieved by installing sensors in the field to monitor the soil temperature and soil
moisture which transmits the data to the microcontroller for estimation of water demands of plants.

1.INTRODUCTION
With India's population crossing 1.3 billion in 2016, a balance between the optimum population growth and a healthy
of nation is far to be achieved. The rising population, there is a need for increased agricultural production.Irrigated
agriculture has been an extremely important source increased agricultural production Now a days people wants to
observe their work from anywhere on their digital devices such as Smartphone and tablet or laptop. Several things
were made easy by using Internet of Thing (IoT). This seminar on "IOT base smart irrigation system” is for to create
an IOT base automated irrigation mechanism which turns the pumping motor ON and OFF on detecting the moisture
content and sufficient water level and pass data through IOT platform. It overcome labour intensive work and also
controls water management system

2.IoT (Internet of Things):

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the inter-networking of “physical devices” also referred to as "connected devices" and
"smart devices”.
Sometimes referred to as the Internet of Everything (IoE) and Machine to Machine (M2M) communicating.
IOT is expected to offer advanced connectivity of devices, systems, and services that goes beyond machine-to-
machine (M2M) communications and covers a variety of protocols, domains, and applications IoT Based Smart
Irrigation System Internet of Things Based Platform IoT Based Smart Irrigation System
➢ Step1:

Physical devices:
Physical devices like Farm, Buildings and vehicle embedded with sensors, actuators, controllers and network
connectivity which enable these objects to collect and exchange data.
➢ Step2:

IOT Gateway: A gateway is a network node that connects two networks using different protocols together.
Functionality:
Aggregates sensor data, device connectivity, protocol translation, processes sensor data - security, updating,
management before sending it on ward and more.
EX: ZigBee:= Wi-Fi IoT Gateway
➢ Step3:

IOT Cloud: A platform that is designed to store and process Internet of Things (IoT) data. Connected with satellite
and Mobile Tower pass data to them.
➢ Step4:

Satellite and Mobile Tower are connected with Smartphone’s, tablets or Computers
• • Sensor
• • Controllers
• • Actuators

All above device’s data come to your application at anywhere IoT Based Smart Irrigation System
6 College of Agricultural Information Technology
3 SYSTEM COMPONENT: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1. Arduino:
It is an open-source prototyping platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software:
➢ Hardware :- Arduino -

Arduino board designs use a variety of microprocessors and controllers

Arduino boards are able:

1) To read inputs - light on a sensor

2) To twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor
3) Turning on an LED
➢ Software :-Arduino (IDE= Integrated Development Environment)
➢ A toolbar with buttons for common functions
➢ A series of menus.
➢ It connects to the Arduino hardware to upload programs and communicate with them.
➢ It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux.

Writing Sketches: Programs written using Arduino Software (IDE) are called sketches
Upload: Compiles your code and uploads it to the configured board
New: Creates a new sketch
Save: Saves your sketch
Serial Monitor: File, Edit, Sketch, Tools, Help

2. Window Application (Motor Control)

This Window Application install in with: Smartphone, tablets or Computers IoT Based Smart Irrigation System

3. GSM shield:

GSM is an international is stands for Global System for Mobile Communications.

Architecture used for mobile communication in most of the countries. Global Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is an
extension of GSM that enables higher data transmission rate.
GPRS is used for transmitting data in the GSM network in from of packets.

Among other things, GSM supports outgoing and incoming voice calls, Simple Message System (SMS or text
messaging), and data communication . The Arduino GSM shield is a GSM modem. From the mobile operator
perspective, the Arduino GSM shield looks just like a mobile phone.
The Raspberry Pi is a small, powerful and lightweight computer which can do many of the things a desktop PC can
do. It does not feature a built -in hard disk or solid -state drive. We also connect our USB cable also.

✓ In well develop country and in also in India many programmers are use this type of computer
✓ It is portable and very cheapest devices or minicomputer just like microcontroller.

5. Soil Moisture sensor

The Soil Moisture Sensor (SMS) are the device which converts the physical parameter into the electric signal. The
system consists of soil moisture sensor.
Use: To measure the moisture content of the soil. Copper electrodes are used to sense the moisture content of soil.
6. Wireless water level detector sensor
The water level sensor employs a simple mechanism to detect and indicate the water level in an water source. IoT
Based Smart Irrigation System
10 College of Agricultural Information Technology
7. Relay Switch
Like motor drivers- - a relay circuit (which can be a motor driver in special cases) can pulse motors ON and OFF but
without some complexity.
In a basic relay there are three contactors: normally open (NO), normally closed (NC) and common (COM). At ON
input state, the COM is connected to NC.
8. Submersible Motor Pump
A submersible pump (or sub pump, electric submersible pump) is a device which has a sealed motor close-coupled to
the pump body. That is for water lifting. Motor is connected with Raspberry PI 3 via Arduino. IoT Based Smart
Irrigation System

• Login :( Enter Username/Password) and

• Give Command (ON/OFF) to your application

4 HOW THE SYSTEM WORKS?

Step 1:
Step 2:
• • IOT base platform: Collect and send all Analog data to GSM Shield
• • GSM Shield connected in RP3 (Raspberry Pi 3)(Microcomputer)
• • Now command(ON/OFF) command pass to RP3

Step 3: IoT Based Smart Irrigation System

Step 4:

Microcomputer (Raspberry Pi 3)
➢ RP3 is just like main controller of this system: Connect Arduino Hardwar and GSM Shield and Wi-Fi than also
power USB battery pack is connected
• Check Conditions by Arduino software
• Convert all analog data into digital form

Step 5:
Check Conditions:
Arduino software: IoT Based Smart Irrigation System

1) If soil moisture content is greater than a fixed value, then there is no need of irrigation
2) If the soil moisture content is less than a fixed value, then start irrigation.
3) If the water reaches the prescribed point of water level, then sensor gives data to system to stop the irrigation.
▪ Command sends to Relay Module

Step 6:
Relay Module
• • Raspberry Pi 3 Connected -Arduino give command ON/OFF to relay
• • Relays are switches that open and close Motors Based on Command of Arduino
• • Relays are used where a safe low-voltage circuit controls a high-voltage circuit so motor is safely ON/OFF

Step 7:
Arduino GSM shield is a GSM modem IoT Based Smart Irrigation System
14 College of Agricultural Information Technology

Now this GSM Shield connected with microcomputer (RP3) access digital data from RP3
convert into Simple Message System (SMS or text messaging) and data communication
 The Arduino GSM Shield SIM connect to the internet send/receive SMS messages from Smartphone and tablet or
computer
Step 8:
➢ RP3---GSM Shield is connected with farmer’s mobile phone and laptop application via GSM platform. ▪ Motor:
ON or OFF
▪ Current moisture content (Ex. 50%)
▪ Current water level (Ex: 90 DEPTH Feet)

Farmer is getting SMS: IoT Based Smart Irrigation System

5 SYSTEM WORK FLOW: IOT BASED SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM

6 Case study:
6.1 Manufacturers’ Association for Information Technology (MAIT)
➢ MAIT Industries head office is located in Melbourne, Australia.
➢ Also India has some MAIT : Presently we own large warehousing and workshop facilities in Navi Mumbai, as
well as offices in Delhi.
➢ Monitoring and Control Solutions for Agriculture and the Environment

MAIT Industries provides innovative monitoring and irrigation control solutions IoT Based Smart Irrigation System
18 College of Agricultural Information Technology

6.2 INTELLITROL-Radio telemetry irrigation control

INTELLITROL Software
INTELLITROL is also a PC based irrigation control system
Network Control Program – Remote network configuration from PC – Automatically synchronies real time clocks in
field loggers – Remote re-routing of radio transmission paths directly from the PC – Remote re-programming of field
loggers – Alarm notification settings
The system provides real-time information soil moisture soil temperature, rainfall, Water-flow rates and volumes,
presenting it graphically. MAIT’s system also integrates a “rain switch “stopping irrigation when it rains Allow
graphically representation of all measure
7 ADVANTAGES:
➢ Water Conservation:

Soil moisture sensors allow for water use only when and where needed
➢ Real-Time Data give

Farmers can visualize water levels and soil moisture in real time and remotely to accelerate decision making process.
➢ Lowered Operation Costs:

Automating processes in irrigation can reduce resource consumption, human error and overall cost.
➢ Efficient and Saves Time The machine-to-machine interaction provides better efficiency, hence; accurate results
can be obtained fast. This results in saving valuable time. Instead of epeating the same tasks every day, it enables
people to do other creative jobs.
➢ Increase in productivity.
➢ Reduce soil erosion and nutrient leaching.

8 CHALLENGES
➢ Complexity: The IOT is a diverse and complex network. Any failure or bugs in the software or hardware will have
serious consequences
➢ Privacy/Security:

The risk of losing privacy EX: There is a chance that the software can be hacked and your personal information
misused.
➢ Lesser Employment of Menial Staff or unskilled workers:

The unskilled workers and helpers may end up losing their jobs in the effect of automation of daily activities.
➢ Equipment is costlier.
➢ Awareness of Indian farmer for this technology
9 CONCLUSION
➢ I conclude that this system is easy to implement and time, money and manpower saving solution for irrigating
fields.
➢ A farmer should visualize his agricultural land’s moisture content from time to time and water level of source is
sufficient or not. IOT based smart irrigation system displays the values of the sensors continuously in smart phone or
on computer’s web page and farmer can operate them anytime from and anywhere.

10) REFERENCES
1. http://www.mait.com.au/
2. https://www.rroij.com/open-access/iot-based-smart-irrigation-and-tank-monitoring-system-.pdf
3. http://www.ijcaonline.org/archives/volume159/number8/rawal-2017-ijca-913001.pdf
4. http://www.sooxma.com/docs/Abstracts/A%20Low%20Cost%20Smart%20Irrigation%20Control%20System.pdf
5. http://www.sooxma.com/docs/Abstracts/A%20Low%20Cost%20Smart%20Irrigation%20Control%20System.pdf
6.
http://ijesc.org/upload/3462f205e4e78cf2c3e7c042fcd8f0da.Arduino%20Based%20Smart%20Drip%20Irrigation%2
0System%20Internet%20of%20Things.pdf