CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

MATERI
Conditional sentence adalah kalimat pengadaian atau kalimat bersyarat yang memiliki
dua klausa, yaitu main clause dan if clause. Susunan kedua klausa ini tidak
memengaruhi arti.
Example :
if I have a lot of money, I will buy a big house = I will buy a big house if I have a lot of
money.
Conditional sentence memiliki tiga bentuk, yaitu :
1. Tipe 1 (Possibility)
Pengadaian ini menyatakan sesuatu yang mungkin terjadi pada waktu mendatang
ataupun sekarang jika syarat/kondisi tertentu terpenuhi.
Rumus :
If+S+Vs/es+[will,can, may, must]+V1(simple form)
Example:
if I have money, I will buy a new car.
Means: there is possibility for me to buy a car.

2. Tipe 2 (Unreal Present)

Pengadaian ini menyatakan sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan apa yang ada/terjadi
sekarang.
Rumus:
If+S+V2,S+[would, could, might]+V1
Example:
If I had time, I would go to the beach with you this weekend.
Means: I don’t have time, so I don’t go to the beach this weeked.
He would tell you about it if he were* here.
Means: because he is not here, he doesn’t tell you about it.
*Untuk if clause dalam bentuk ini hanya to be were yang dipergunakan untuk semua
subjek.
*If pada tipe 2 ini dapat dihilangkan, yaitu dengan penggunaan pola inversi:
Rumus:

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 Were+S+adj/noun….,S+[would,could,might]+V1
Example:
Were I Ihsan, I would not forgive you= If I were Ihsan, I would not forgive you.
Reality=I’m not Ihsan, so I forgive you.

3. Tipe 3 (Unreal Past)

Pengadaian ini menyatakan sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan apa yang terjadi di
masa lampau.
Rumus:
If+S+had V3, had been, S+ would, could, might, should+have+V3
Example:
If we had known that you were there, we would have written you a letter.
Means: we did not know that you were there so we did not write you a letter.
Bentuk inversi (tanpa if) untuk pola ini adalah:
Had+S+V3…., S+ would, could, might, should + have +V3
Contoh dari kalimat di atas bila ditulis pola inversinya:
Had we known that you were there, we would have written you a letter.

Keterangan:
 Pada Future Conditional Sentence, main clause-nya menggunakan will, can, must,
may, to be going to, have to, expect to ditambah kata kerja bentuk pertama (Verb 1),
sedangkan kata kerja pada conditional clause-nya dalam bentuk present tense.
 Pada Present Conditional Sentence, main clause-nya menggunakan would, could,
might, was going to, expected to ditambah kata kerja bentuk pertama (Verb 1),
sedangkan kata kerja pada conditional clause-nya dalam bentuk past present tense.
Contoh-contoh lainnya:
a. If I were rich, I would buy a new car
b. Were I rich, I would buy a new car
c. If I studied hard, I would have passed the exam
d. Had I studied hard, I would have passed exam
Contoh untuk Kalimat Negatifnya:

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I won’t pass the exam if I don’t  atau kalimat ini juga dapat ditulis  I won’t pass the
exam unless I study hard
Keterangan: Unless = If not

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