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The procedure for calculating truss deflection at Joint “X” (x by hand is
for each member (i):
1. calculate the bar force due to the applied loads (fi)
f i Li
2. calculate the deformation due to the bar force (i), using the equation i
Ai E
xi
3. calculate a factor (Ui) that represents the ratio , where xi is the deflection at X due to
i
xi f i Px
From reciprocal deflections: . If we let Px be a unit load at the location
i Px
f i Px
and in the direction of the desired deflection x , then U i ,which is unitless
Px
4. calculate the deflection at X due to , xi i U i
5. Sum up the deflections due to each member deformation ( xi ) to get the total deflection x
. If the deflection is +’ve, then x is in the same direction as the unit load, Px .
CE 331, Summer 2016 Example Truss Deflection Calculation 2 / 3
Example. Calculate the horizontal deflection at Joint 3 due to the 30 k load on the steel truss shown
below. The bar forces due to the 30k load and various unit loads are provided to speed up the
calculation process. For full credit, show detailed calculations for each number in the first row of your
table.
14’ 4’ 9’
A = 1.5 in2 all
30k
members
E = 29,000 ksi 4
4
5
8’
3
2 2
3
8’
1
1
Table 1. Bar lengths and forces due to loads shown in figures below.
Bar Forces due to Loads in each Figure (tension = +’ve)
Member Length, ft Fig 1, k Fig 2 Fig 3 Fig 4
1 16.125 36.28 ‐1.75 2.15 2.15
2 13.00 22.5 ‐0.58 1.33 0.33
3 24.08 ‐42.15 2.03 ‐1.16 ‐1.16
4 12.04 ‐30.10 0.78 ‐0.45 ‐0.45
5 8.99 20.13 ‐2.09 1.19 1.19
Figure 1 Figure 2
30 k
Figure 3 Figure 4
1
1
CE 331, Summer 2016 Example Truss Deflection Calculation 3 / 3
E 29,000 ksi
A 1.5 in2
ft k in in
Member L fLoad U3_H 3_H
1 16.125 36.3 0.161 2.15 0.347
2 13 22.5 0.081 1.33 0.107
3 24.08 ‐42.2 ‐0.280 ‐1.16 0.325
4 12.04 ‐30.1 ‐0.100 ‐0.45 0.045
5 8.99 20.1 0.050 1.19 0.059
Sum: 0.884
= 0.88 in
note: +'ve means in the same direction as the unit load (See Figure 3)
f1 = bar force in Member 1 due to load = 36.30 k T (from bar forces for Figure 1)
Ui3_H = bar force in Member 1 due to a unit load at Joint 3 in the horizontal direction = 2.15
(from bar forces for Figure 3)