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Diseñar la zapata combinada que soportara las columnas mostradas en la figura. La capacidad portante del suelo es
qa = 4 kg/cm2Considere fy = 4200 kg/cm2 y f'c = 210 kg/cm2 para la cimentacion . F'c = 210 kg/cm2 en las columnas.

COL: SECCION REF. PD PL

C1 25 X 70 10 Ø 5/8" 76 25 PL1 PL2
C2 25 X 70 10 Ø 5/8" 151 49
b x t Acero tn tn S/C = 500 kg/m²

1 2 gm ht=
b1

b2
t1 t2 hc =

7.35 m 1.40

Df = 1.80 m Otros Columna Zapata

g m = 1800 kg/m3 S/C = 500 kg/m² f ' c = ## kg/cm² f'c= 210 kg/cm²
qa = 4.00 kg/cm2 d(eje-eje)= 7 m fy = 4200 kg/cm²

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA ( Az = S*T )

Cálculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

ld = 0.08 * Øb * Fy Øb ( 5/8" ) = 1.587 cm

raiz(f 'c) 0.08 x Øb x fy / f ´c = 37 cm
.004*øb*fy = 27 cm OK !!
ld >= 0.004 * øb * fy
Tomar ld = 40 cm Longitud de desarrollo en compresión

hc = ld + r.e + Øb r.e = 7.50 cm

hm = Df - hc hc= 50.00 cm
ht= 130.00 cm

Tomar ht = 130.00 cm

Cálculo de la presión neta del suelo ( qm )

qm = qa - gm*hm -γc*hc - s/c

qm = 3.60 kg/cm²

Cálculo del área de la zapata ( Az )

Ps1 = P1D + P1L P1s = 100.225 Tn P2s = 200 Tn

Ps2 = P2D + P2L
Rs = P1s + P2s
35 35 35 35
+ e Mo = 0
0
Rs * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455
Xo
Xo = ??
735.00 175.00 cm

Rs = 299.83 Tn
P1s = 100.225 Tn
Lz / 2 P2s = 199.605 Tn
e = Lz / 2 - Xo Rs = 299.83 Tn
Lz / 6 Xo = 501.01 cm
e < Lz/6
q1,2 = Rs * 1 ± 6 * e Lz = 910.00 cm
Lz Lz Lz / 2 = 455.00 cm
e= -46.01 cm
Lz / 6= 152 cm
L = 2 x Xo L= 1002 cm
B= 83 cm
B =(P1s +P2s) tomamos B = 85 cm
qn x L

Como S/C = 500 kg/cm², Verificamos las presiones del suelo - ADICIONAL ( q 1,2 )

Ps1 = P1D + 50%P1L

Ps2 = P2D + P2L P1s = 87.9425 Tn P2s = 200 Tn
R1s = P1s + P2s

+ e Mo = 0 35 35 35 35

R1s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

0
Xo = ??
Xo
175.00 cm
735.00
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e = Xo1 - Xo P1s = 87.9425 Tn R1s = 287.55 Tn

P2s = 199.605 Tn
q = Ps + Mc = Ps + Ps x e R1s = 287.5475 Tn I = ( B x L^3 )/12
Az I Az I Xo1 = 520.91 cm e= 19.9 cm I = 885416.6667 cm4

q= 164.94 kg/cm2 AUMENTAMOS EL

q < qm cumple " OK " ANCHO B
q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B"
Aumentamos el Ancho hc = 150 cm
Un nuevo calculo
Ps = 287548 kg q = 3.00 kg/cm2 OK !!
e = 19.9 cm
B = 265 cm
I = 74531250 cm4

Ps1 = P1D + P1L

Ps2 = P2D + 50%P2L P1s = 100.225 Tn P2s = 175 Tn
R2s = P1s + P2s

+ e Mo = 0 35 35 35 35

R2s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

0
Xo = ??
Xo
470.00 1.40 m
Lz / 2
e2 = Lz / 2 - Xo P1s = 100.225 Tn R2s = 275.37 Tn
Lz / 6 P2s = 175.1425 Tn
e2 < Lz/6 R2s = 275.3675 Tn
q1,2 = R2s * 1 ± 6 * e2 Xo = 311.67 cm I = ( B x L^3 )/12
Lz*BBLz e= 189.34 cm I= 74531250 cm4

q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B" q= 53.50 kg/cm2 AUMENTAMOS EL

q < qm cumple " OK " ANCHO B

2.- DISEÑO EN SENTIDO LONGITUDINAL P1s = 100.23 Tn P2s = 200 Tn

Cálculo de la presión neta por unidad de longitud ( qm )

qm
qn = P1s + P2s 0.35 m 4.35 m 140.00 m
Az
qn = 11291.76 kg/m² ( No amplificada )
Por unidad de Longitud
qm = qm1*B Por Unidad de LONGITUD qm = 11291.76 kg/m

V 183796.5 kg
3952.12 kg

+ +
+ 2.4062 m
-
- -

-15808.46 kg
-96272.88kg

kg - m
-115135.51
M

-
-
+ + +
691.62 kg - m

11065.92 kg - m

Encontramos el diagrama de fuerzas cortantes verificamos el corte por Flexion:

d = -ree + hc 1.50 x Vu = 245884.56 kg ya que : F = ( 1.4 x D + 1.7 x L )/( D + L )
d = 141.00 cm
Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) = 163923 kg F= 1.5

Aporte del Concreto :Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d = 286979.25 kg Vu < 0 x Vc Cumple !!

0.85 x Vc = 243932.4 kg Vu > O x Vc , NO CUMPLE
Aumentamos el Peralte a h = 150 cm. d= h- ree
d= ## cm
Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) = 163923 kg
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Aporte del Concreto : Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d = 286979.25 kg Vu < 0 x Vc Cumple !!

0.85 x Vc = 243932.4 kg Vu < O x Vc CUMPLE !!

VERIFICACION POR CORTE ( Ø = 0.85 )

COLUMNA EXTERIOR : COLUMNA INTERIOR :

Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) = 110833.9 kg Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) = 259903.86 kg
Vu = 110833.856 kg Vu = 259903.86 kg
El aporte del Concreto : b c = 0.36 El aporte del Concreto : b c = 2.8

bo = ( b + ,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) = 447 cm bo = ( b + 0,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) = 518 cm

Vc = 0.27 x 2 + 4 x f 'c x bo x d Vc = 0.27 x 2 + 4 x f 'c x bo x d

bc bc

Vc = 3255172.28 kg Vc = 978849.9 kg
ØVc = 2766896.44 kg ØVc = 832022.4 kg

Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d = 1004683 kg Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d = 1E+06 kg

Vc = 1004682.8 kg Vc = 1163139 kg
ØVc = 853980.38 kg ØVc = 988668.6 kg
Vu < ØVc CUMPLE !! Vu < ØVc CUMPLE !!

4.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO EN EL TRAMO CENTRAL

X x qn - P1 = 0

P1 qn x X^2 _ P1 x X
X= X = 8.88 m Mu = Mu = -409717 kg - m
qn 2

Calculo de As :
Mu = 409716.86 kg - m

As = Mu / ( Ø * fy * ( d - a/2 )) B= 265 cm2 r .e .e = 8cm db =1.91

a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B ) d= 141 cm2
c
a= 2.77 cm (Valor Asumido)
As = 116.45cm2 Aøb ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
As mín = 0.0018 * B * d a= 10.34 cm # Varilla ( n ) = 42
As > As mín OK !! Espaciam =6 cm
Aøb As = 119.7 cm2 42 Ø 3/4" @ 6 cm
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Aøb Aøb ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm 2
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - Øb # Varilla ( n ) = 24
n -1 Espaciam =11 cm
As mín = 67.26 cm2 24 Ø 3/4" @ 11 cm

As > As mín OK !!

5.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO POR DEBAJO DE LA COLUMNA INTERIOR

qn x ( L )^2
Mu = Mu = 11065.92 kg - m
2
L= 2.11 m 1.4 14 Ø 5/8"@ 22cm

Calculo de As :
Mu = 11065.92 kg - m

As = Mu / ( Ø * fy * ( d - a/2 )) B= 265 cm2 r .e .e = 8cm db =1.91

a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B ) d= 141 cm2
c
a= 0.18 cm2 (Valor Asumido)
As = 3.12 cm2 Aøb ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
As mín = 0.0018 * B * d a= 0.28 cm # Varilla ( n ) = 1
As > As mín OK !! Espaciam =#¡DIV/0!
cm
Aøb As = 3.12 cm2 1 Ø 3/4" @ #¡DIV/0!
cm
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Aøb Aøb ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm 2
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - Øb # Varilla ( n ) = 25
n -1 Espaciam =10 cm
As mín = 71.55 cm2 25 Ø 3/4" @ 10 cm

As > As mín ASUMIR As mín !!

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Diseñar en sentido transversal a cada columna le corresponde una porcion de Zapata

d/2 d/2 d/2

1.405 2.11

ZAPATA EXTERIOR ZAPATA INTERIOR

Pu Pu
qn = qn = 3.97 kg/cm2 qn = qn = 5.26 kg/cm2
Az Az

qnu x B x (L^2) qnu x B x (L^2)

Mu = Mu = 4016052 Mu = Mu = 8E+06
2 2

B= 140.5 cm 2 r .e .e = 8 cm db = 1.59 cm2 B= 211 cm r .e .e = 8 cm db = 1.59 cm2

d= 141 cm2 d= 141 cm 2
a= 0.52 cm (Valor Asumido) a= 0.64 cm (Valor Asumido)
As = 7.55 cm2 As = 15.03 cm2
a= 1.26 cm a= 1.68 cm

As = 7.57 cm2 Aøb ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm 2 As = 15.08 cm2 Aøb ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 13 # Varilla ( n ) = 20
Espaciam = 10.00 cm Espaciam = 10.00
As mín = 37.94 cm2 13 Ø 3/4" @ 10 cm As mín = 56.97 cm2 # Ø 3/4" @ 10 cm

6.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIÓN ZAPATA - COLUMNA( Ø = 0.70 )

Para la sección A columna = 50*50 = 2500 cm² ( COLUMNA )

Ø * 0.85 * f 'c * As1 Pu = 147684.5 kg

A colum = b *t A1 = 1750 cm2
Pu < ( Ø * 0.85 * f 'c * A1) Ø * 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 218662.5kg As mín = 8.75 cm2
As mín = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1 Pu < Ø * 0.85 * f 'c * A1 CUMPLE !! As col > As min OK !!
Aøb
As col. > As mín OK !!

Para la sección B columna = 40*50 = 2000 cm² ( COLUMNA )

Ø * 0.85 * f 'c * As1 Pu = 294124.5 kg

A colum = b *t A1 = 1750 cm2
Pu < ( Ø * 0.85 * f 'c * A1) Ø * 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 218662.5kg As mín = 8.75 cm2
As mín = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1 Pu < Ø * 0.85 * f 'c * A1 AUMENTAR EL T !! As col > As min OK !!
Aøb
As col. > As mín OK !! Detalle de refuerzos en la Zapata Combinada verificamos primero el espaciamiento maximo
Espaciamiento del Refuerzo
>
45 cm OK !!
450
3xh= 450 cm

d/2 d/2 d/2

24 Ø3/4"@ 11cm

18 Ø 3/4"@ 10cm

11 Ø 3/4"@ 10cm 25 Ø 3/4"@ 10cm

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Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )

ld = Øb * fy * a * b * g * l < Lv1
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
Øb Ld = 65 cm Ld1 = 42 cm
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv Øb (3/4") = 1.91

(b+1) b = 1.00 Øb (5/8") = 1.59 C = 6.50 2.5 q = ( C+kt r )/ Øb
b = Lado mayor Zapata g = 0.80 r.e.e = 7.50 ktr = 0 q= 8.41
Lado menor Zapata l = 1.00 fy = 4200
# Varilla ( n ) = As a = 1.30 f'c = ## q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
Aøb a1 = 1.00 q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - Øb Longitud de desarrollo en tracción
n -1
Lv1 = 132.50 Ld < Lv1 OK !!
Calculo del refuerzo minimo : Ld = 65.05 cm
As mín = 71.55 cm2 Refuerzo montaje en forma de Garrido

Aøb ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2 Ø 3/8" para refuerzo principal Ø =< 3/4"
# Varilla ( n ) = 25 Ø 1/2" para refuerzo principal Ø > 3/4"
Espaciam = 10.00 cm con espaciamiento maximo de 45 cm.
25 Ø 3/4" @ 10 cm 0.2