Famous Festivals in Kerala

Festivals in Kerala are always celebrated with much pomp and show. The
festive seasons display the best of Kerala’s rich culture and heritage. You will
not want to miss the vibrant colours, exotic fragrances, scintillating music, and
century long traditions that set each festival apart from the other.

Here is a quick rundown on the popular festivals celebrated around the year in
Kerala.

Onam

Pookalam : Image by Ramesh NG via Flickr

Onam (also known as Thiruvonam) is the state festival of Kerala, observed by

all its citizens, irrespective of caste, creed or community. It is a harvest
festival celebrated once a year during the Malayalam month of Chingom
(August-September). Onam is traditionally celebrated with much joy and
fervour.
Some of the celebrations include creating a Pookalam (an
extravagant arrangement of colourful flowers), visiting temples, feasting on an
elaborate meal served on plantain leaves, gifting others with new clothes,
participating in boat races held on the backwaters, a variety of sporting events
and even Pulikkali (a tiger dance).

Vishu

Vishu Kani: Image by Aroon via Flickr

Vishu is an auspicious festival celebrated by Hindus on the first day of the

Malayalum month of Medam (April-May). Vishu is hailed as the beginning of a
new year by residents of Kerala. The most significant ritual observed during
Vishu is the Kani Kanal (meaning ‘first sight’), as it is believed that the fortunes
of the upcoming year depend on what object is seen first on the morning of
Vishu.
Another practice is Vishu Kaineettam, where money is gifted to the younger
members of each family. The entire family joins in for a mid day feast (Sadya)
and then ends the day’s celebration with a dazzling display of fireworks.

Christmas

Christmas in Kerala is celebrated unlike anywhere else in the world. The ever
growing Christian populace here has adapted the Christmas celebrations,
infusing it with the spirit and culture of Kerala itself. The birth of Jesus Christ is
observed with traditional church services and elaborate nativity arrangements,
sharing the love of Christ and the peace of the season with families and
neighbours.

Easter
Easter is celebrated worldwide to signify the resurrection of Jesus Christ. As
the Christians in Kerala account for about 23% of the state’s population, Easter
is observed with the same fervour as in the west and is marked by four distinct
periods.
The first is Lent where one undergoes a 40 day fast, giving up something they
value for the entire period. Then comes the Holy Week consisting of the 4 days
leading up to the Easter Sunday. Next is the Octave of Easter (the period of
traditional Baptism) and it finally ends with the paschal season that extends for
another 40 days more.

Ramadan

Image by Faris Algosaibi via Flickr

Ramadan is an important festival observed by Musims to commemorate the

day when the Holy Quran was sent by Allah, to serve as a counsel for men in
615 AD. Ramadan is a month long festival observed earnest prayers, and
fasting from to food to purify the body and soul, and become closer to God.
This period of fasting ends when the crescent moon becomes visible on the
western horizon. As Ramadan ends, Id-Ul-Fitr (the feast of fast-breaking)
commences and is celebrated for 3 days.
Bakrid
Bakrid is a festival of sacrifice observed by Muslims commemorates the
sacrifice of Hazrat Ibrahim, who voluntarily killed his son at God’s command.
The event is celebrated by sacrificing an animal (usually a goat), followed by
prayers at the mosques, grand feasts and merry-making. Muslims wear new
garments, visit each other’s homes and exchange good wishes. The greeting
of Thakhir (Allahu Akbar) is heard all around as everyone asserts their belief
that God is great.

Muharram
Muharram is observed by Muslims to mourn the martyrdom of Imam
Hussain (Prophet Mohammed’s grandson) who died in the bloody massacre at
Karbala in 680 AD. There is a period of fasting, and then glittery Taziyas (tombs
made of bamboo and paper to replicate Hussain’s tomb) are created and
carried out into the city streets. Huge processions follow these taziyas and
people are seen beating their chests mourning the slaying of Hussain. At the
end of the procession, devotees end their fast and give away clothes, food and
money to the poor and the downtrodden.

Miladi Sheriff
Miladi Sheriff is celebrated by the Muslims as the birthday of Mohammed who
was the prophet of Allah. In Kerala, it is observed by reciting the Moulood, a
short biography of the prophet written in Arabic. For the first twelve days,
lectures are arranged where Muslim Ulemas deliver religious sermons and
share about the life of Prophet Muhammad. The celebrations also include
giving away food to poor people and other charitable activities arranged by
individual Muslim communities.

Maha Shivratri
This festival is observed by Hindus who offer prayers to Lord Shiva, the God of
destruction. According to Hindu the mythology, it was on Shivratri (meaning,
the night of Shiva) that he performed the Tandava Nritya – the dance of
primeval creation, preservation and demolition.
Here in Kerala, Sivarathri is celebrated in the month of Kumbham (February-
March) with all day fasts, reciting the Panchakshara mantra “Om Namah
Shivaya” and singing hymns praising Lord Shiva. The crux of the Sivarathri
celebration is at the Siva Temple at Aluva, on the banks of the Periyar river.
There is a Siva Lingom (idol) that emerges out of the sand on the river bank
that attracts thousands of pilgrims.

Deepavali
Deepavali, also called Diwali means ‘a row of lights’ in Sanskrit and is
celebrated by Hindus all over India as the festival of lights. In Kerala, Deepavali
is observed on the day before the new moon in the Malayalam month of
Thulam (October-November).

Deepavali is a celebration of God Sree Krishna’s triumph over the demon

Narakasura. The Tamil communities in Kerala begin their celebrations early in
the morning with a ritual oil bath before sunrise. This is immediately followed
by consuming a concoction of jaggery and dry ginger.
 Image by Kamakshi Sachidanandam Via Flickr

The celebrations include wearing festive garments, distributing special sweets,

bursting firecrackers and a watching the colorful fireworks lighting up the sky.
Homes are lit up with clay oil lamps and the sparkling lights dazzle every
neighborhood during Deepavali.

Navaratri
Navaratri is a Hindu festival that literally means ‘nine nights’. During these nine
nights, female dieties – Durga, Lakshmi and Saraswati are worshipped as the
three different manifestations of cosmic energy. The celebration begins after
the Mahalaya Amavasya and ends with Vijaya Dasami or Dassara. The triumph
of good over evil is celebrated on the tenth day of Navratri, with the burning of
an effigy of Ravana and the bursting of crackers. All the celebrations include
feasting on mouthwatering sweets and crunchy savoury snacks.
Major Temple Festivals in Kerala
Now let’s check out the popular temple festivals in Kerala. They are colorful
and people from all parts of the country, even from abroad, come to see these
events.

Arattu at Thiruvananthapuram

Image by dilip … via Flickr

The Arattu of Lord Padmanabha is held during the Painkuni festival at Sree
Padmanabhaswamy temple. The arattu refers to a holy bath, where the dieties
are taken in a ceremonial procession to Shanghumugham beach. The King of
Travancore also accompanies the procession as the vassal of Sri Padmanabha
Swamy.
Ambalapuzha Arattu
Ambalapuzha Arattu is a temple festival celebrated at the Sri Krishna Swamy
Temple at Ambalapuzha. The temple enshrines Ambalappuzha Unnikannan –
Lord Krishna as a baby. The celebration last for 10 days and the Arattu is
conducted on the final day – Thiruvonam Nakshatram.

Aranmula Uthrattathi

The Aranmula Uthrittathi is celebrated with a ritual boat race held during the
Onam festival. Legend has it that a boat carrying offerings to the Aranmula
Parthasarathy Temple was under attacked by enemies. People from the
neighboring areas sent their snake boats to protect it. This has now evolved
into a snake boat race, presented as an offering to Lord Parthasarathy.

Uthralikavu Pooram
Uthralikkavu Pooram is a festival held at the Shri Rudhiramahakalikav temple,
situated at Wadackanchery in Thrissur district. The temple’s annual Poornam
festival is held during February / March every year.

Attukal Pongala
Attukal Pongala (also known as the Sabrimala of women) is considered the
largest congregation of women in the world.
 Image by Seema Krishnakumar via Flickr

Women all over the city cook their offerings and bring it to the Attukal temple.
‘Payasam’ – a sweet dish made with rice, jaggery and banana is an integral part
of this offering.

Adoor Gajamela
An annual 10 days long celebration is held at the Parthasarathy Temple in
Adoor, and the Adoor Gajamela is the highlight of it. Nine elephants in their
ceremonial attire are paraded, as hundreds of visitors throng the temple gates
to witness the regal spectacle.

Kuthiyottam and Kettukazhcha

The Chettikulangara Temple near Kayamkulam celebrates the Bharani Utsavam
in the Malayalam month of Kumbham (February-March). The highlight of
this temple festival is Kuthiyottam and Kettukazhcha.
As part of the Kuthiyottam ceremony, young boys are required to fast, and are
taken in a ceremonial procession to the temple to the tune of music, the
beating of drums and ornamental umbrellas. For Kettukazhcha, local residents
worship decorated effigies of chariots, horses and dieties and take part in a
ceremonial procession.

Chittoor Konganpada
Konganpada is celebrated in the Bhagavathy temple at Chittur in the month of
Kumbhom (February-March). It is meant to commemorate the victory of the
Nairs of Chittur over the militia of Konganadu (Coimbatore) which the Goddess
Bhagavathy is believed to have orchestrated.

Chottanikkara Makam
Chottanikkara Makam is an auspicious day observed at the
Chottanikkara Bhagavathy Temple. The Murti of Goddess Bhagavathy is given a
ritual bath, after which it is accompanied by Lord Shastha and eleven elephants
to an open ground until noon. The deity is clothed in regal attire and adorned
with jewels. It is also believed that prayers offered during this time will be
answered.

Image by Roney Maxwell – via Flickr

Ettumanoor Festival
The Ettumanoor festival is celebrated in an ancient Siva temple about 12 Km
North-East of Kottayam. The arattu festival of this temple is celebrated
annually in a grand fashion on the Thiruvathira day in Kumbham. Multitudes
flock to the temple on the 8th and 10th day of the festival when seven and a
half elephants made of gold are displayed for public view.
Guruvayoor Festival

The Guruvayur festival begins on the day of Pushya in the month of Kumbham
(February-March), and culminates with the Aarattu on the 10th day. The rituals
are served to purify and energize the deity’s powers. The cultural festivities
include a variety of processions, bright lights, decorative arches and non-
explosive fireworks. Homes are freshly painted and buildings are decorated
with lights, plantain trunks, coconut bunches and arecanuts.

Haripad Temple Festival

The Thaipooyam Festival is a one-day affair held at the Sree Subrahmanya
Swamy Temple. Devotees carry kavadis (decorated wooden arches) on their
shoulders and perform a ritualistic dance called Kavadiyattom as they proceed
to the temple. Some devotees also pierce their cheeks with long arrows and
perform a tantric dance as an offering to the gods.

Kanathurkava Uthsavam
The Kanathurkavu Temple in the heart of Kannur celebrates its annual festival
in April each year. Thousands throng the premises to witness the Theyyattom –
a dance ritual of the Goddess Mahadevi.
Kappally Kumbham Thira
The Kappally temple conducts its annual Thira festival between the 3rd
and 13th days of Kumbham (February-March) every year. The 12th day is
considered the most important day of the festival.

Kodiyettu Uthsavam
The Kodiyettu Utsavam is a festival dedicated to the Goddess Bhagavathy,
celebrated in memory of the temple’s consecration. It commences on the
Makayiram day in Vrischikam (November-December) and ends on the Uthram
day.

Kodungallur Bharani Utsavam

The Bharani festival is well known for it’s spectacular event called kaavu
theendal. For this ritual, oracles from various parts of the state arrive at
Kodungalloor Bhagavathy temple. The men and women run around the temple
in a trance, smiting their crowns with swords and proclaiming their
communion with the Mother Goddess. The devotees strike the temple rafters
with sticks and throw their offerings over the roof in to the inner quadrangle of
the temple.
Koodalmanikyam Utsavam
The historic Koodalmanickam temple situated in the Manavalassery village is
an architectural masterpiece. The deity, Sree Bharatha is worshiped here and
the annual festival is conducted during the month of Medom (April-May).

Kumaranalloor Thrikarthika Uthsavam

Thrikkarthika is celebrated in the month of Vrischikam (November–December).
On the Karthika day, devotees visit the Udayanapuram
and Thrissur Vadakkunnatha temples and present their offerings. Legend has it
that the gods of these two temples where enamored with the beauty of Devi
as she returned from her bath. They hopped over the compound walls to look
at here, and were finally met at the walls by temple priests. So, during
Karthika, puja is performed over the walls of these temples. There is also a
magnificent display of lights in the evening, called Karthika Vilakku, which is
the highlight of the celebrations.

Kalapathy Ratholsavam (Chariot Festival)

The Sree Viswanathaswamy Temple at Kalpathy holds an annual 7 day chariot
festival, and the last three days are called the Kalpathy Ratholsavam. The 700
year old temple celebrates this festival with Vedic recitals and a
massive procession of decorated temple chariots drawn through the streets by
thousands of devotees.

Kuttikkol Thampuratty Theyyam

During the Kuttikkol Thampuratty Theyyam festival, the major theyyam forms
of Kerala are performed amid thousands of visitors. The festival itself is a riot
of colours and pageantry, making it very attractive to onlookers.

Lokanarkavu Uthsavam
The Lokanarkavu Bhagavathy temple is situated at Memunda in North Kerala.
It celebrates two festivals annually in the months of Vrischikam (November-
December) and Meenam (March-April). The festival in Vrischikam is
called Mandalavilakku and is the more important of the two.

Mannarsala Utsavam
Mannarsala, situated near the Sri. Subramanyaswamy temple in Haripad, is the
seat of the famous temple of Nagaraja (God of Serpents). The temple itself is
build in a grove and is known to have 30,000 images of snake gods. On the day
of Ayilliam in the months of Kanni and Thulam (September and October), all
the serpent deities in the grove and temple are taken in a procession and are
offered Nurum Palum (rice flour and milk), Kuruthi (a red liquid made of
turmeric and lime) and cooked rice.

Nellikulangara Vela
The temple of Nellikulangara Bhagavathi attracts many visitors who seek
to invoke the blessings of the Goddess. Their annual festival is conducted in
the 20th Meenam (March-April) every year. During the festival, an image of
the deity is placed on a richly attired elephant and taken on a procession. To
accompany the procession, there is a live band, fireworks and a lot of
pageantry.

Sharkara Bharani and Kaliyootu

The Sarkara Bhagavathy temple is situated in the Sarkara village, close to
the Chirayinkeezhu railway station. This temple celebrates the Kaliyoottu
festival in Kumbham and the Bharani festival in Meenam (February-March).
Kaliyootu is actually a commemoration of the fight between Darika and
Bhadrakali.

Sundareshwara Temple Festival

The Shri Sundareshwara Temple was founded by Shri Narayana Guru in 1916
and it’s dedicated to Lord Shiva. This temple conducts an 8-day long festival in
the months of March- April every year.
Thrissur Pooram

The Thrissur Pooram is celebrated in the Malayalam month of Medam (April-

May). The 200 year old festival displays a spectacular procession of elephants
and drummers for a whole 36 hours. Unlike other temple festivals, the Thrissur
Pooram is celebrated by all residents, irrespective of religion, caste or
community.

Thirunakkara Uthsavam
The Mahadeva Temple at Kottayam is located on the Thiruvakkara Hill. It is a
famous Siva temple, known for its historical significance, antique heritage and
sanctity. The temple conducts a 10-day long Arattu Utsavam in the 1st
Meenam (March-April) which attracts hundreds and thousands of devotees.

Thrichambaram Uthsavam
The Thrichambaram temple is dedicated to Sree Krishna and is located in the
Taliparamba village. The temple’s annual festival lasts for 14 days from 22nd
Kumbaham (February-March).

Varkala Janardhana Swamy Temple Arattu

This temple’s annual 10-day long Arattu festival is celebrated in the month of
Meenam (March-April). It commences with a Kodiyettu (Flag hoisting) on
Karthika day and ends with the Arattu on Uthram day.

Vaikathashtami Festival
The Vaikathashtami Festival is dedicated to the worship of Lord Shiva and is
held during November or December at the Vaikom Mahadeva Temple. This
annual celebration held at the temple is a 12 day long affair, held during the
dark lunar fortnight in the Malayalam month of Vrischikam.

Image by RajeshUnuppally at ml.wikipedia

The Ashtami falls on the last day, and at dusk, deities from neighbouring
temples are brought in a ceremonial procession. All the deities are worshipped
and offered presents, and then an Arattu is performed in a pond close to the
temple. The festival also features various classical dances and
cultural celebrations.