Tutorial Question for AC windings EMF

1. There is a synchronous machine with stator slots number Z = 36, the number of pair of
poles p = 2 , as shown in Figure 1. If it is known that the instantaneous value of
fundamental EMF inducted in conductor 1 is 𝑒1 = √2𝐸1 sin 𝜔𝑡. Try to write the
instantaneous value of fundamental EMF inducted in the conductors of 2nd, 10th, 19th and
36th slot , and draw phasor diagram for them.

Figure1

Answer:
𝑝×360°
The slot angle α = 𝑍
= 20°

Since 𝑒1 = √2𝐸1 sin 𝜔𝑡.

Then

𝑒2 = √2𝐸1 sin(𝜔𝑡 − 20°)

𝑒10 = √2𝐸1 sin(𝜔𝑡 − 180°)

𝑒19 = √2𝐸1 sin(𝜔𝑡 − 360°)

𝑒36 = √2𝐸1 sin(𝜔𝑡 + 20°)

2. There are an ac machine with two conductor A and X with spatial electrical angle of 150°
fixed on its stator slots. And the reference polarity of EMF is shown in Figure2. A prime
mover drives the machine rotor rotates in anti-clock wise direction with rotating speed of
n1 . Each of the conductor induced EMF fundamental, 3rd order, 5th order, and 7 order
harmonic EMF RMS value is 10V, 3V, 2V, 1.5V respectively. Then connect conductor A and
Conductor X as a coil, then coil EMF is 𝑒𝑇 = 𝑒𝑎 − 𝑒𝑋 ,
Try to calculate:
(1) Calculate the short-pitched coil fundamental EMF RMS value;
(2) Draw phasor diagram for conductor A and X Fundamental EMF and its coil EMF;
(3) Calculate the the short-pitched coil 3rd, 5th and 7th order EMF RMS values.

1
Answer:

(1) Short-pitched Fundamental pitch coefficient is

Therefore fundamental EMF RMS value is

(2) The phasor diagram

(3) The pitch coefficients for 3rd, 5th, 7th order harmonic EMF of short-pitched coil are as
shown in the following equations

Then the RMS value of 3rd, 5th and 7th order harmonic EMF can be calculated as

3. There is a three-phase 4 poles ac machine with its total number of slots of Q=36 on the
stator, phase band of 60°, double layer, the coil span of 7. If each of the coil has 10 turns,
each phase winding is formed by all the coil connected in series, then line EMF is 380V,
50Hz with Y connection. Try to calculate the flux for each pole. If it is needed that the line

2
 EMF is 110V, 50Hz with fixed each pole flux, then in which connection way the armature
windings will be connected?
Answer:
Known:
Then

When all the coils for each phase are connected in series, then 𝐚 = 𝟏 (a is number of coil
connected in parallel, when all the coils are connected in series, then a=1)

-
Line EMF is 380V, then phase EMF is , then fundamental flux is calculated as

To keep the fluxΦ1 𝑓𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑑, if the winding connection had not been changed, then EMF
would not change either. Therefore to make the line EMF is 110V, then the maximum
phase EMF (connection in delta) would be 110V which is half of the previous case. Then to
keep the flux flux Φ1 𝑓𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑑, the only way is to change the number of turns to half of the
previous case. Therefore it should make the coil number connected in parallel as a = 2.
Therefore the connection of winding is in delta connection, and then makes the number of
parallel connected coils for each phase as 2.
4. There is induction motor with its armature winding designed as double layer short-pitched
in Y connection. Then if it is known that the total number of slot Q=36;number of pair of
poles p=3; coil span 𝑦1 = 5, each coil connection in series as winding with number of turns
of 𝑁𝐾 = 20, the number of coil connected in parallel a=1, the frequency is 50Hz, the
fundamental, 5th and 7th order harmonic flux for each pole is as follows,

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Try to calculate:
(1) Conductor fundamental EMF RMS value
(2) One-Turn Coil fundamental EMF RMS value
(3) Multi-Turn Coil fundamental EMF RMS
(4) Each pole each phase fundamental EMF RMS value
(5) Phase fundamental EMF RMS value
(6) Each phase 5th and 7th order EMF RMS value
Answer:
(1) Conductor fundamental EMF RMS value

(2) One-Turn Coil fundamental EMF RMS value

(3) Multi-Turn Coil fundamental EMF RMS value

(4) Each pole each phase fundamental EMF RMS value

Slot Angle

Distribution coefficient

Fundamental coil coefficient

(5) The number of series connected coil for each is

Fundamental EMF RMS value for each phase

4
 Or

(6) 5th and 7th order harmonic short-pitch coefficient

5th and 7th order harmonic distribution coefficient

5th and 7th order harmonic coil coefficient

Therefore
For each phase