DISEÑO DE ZAPATA CENTRAL RECTANGULAR

1. Cargas obtenidas del metrado:

Carga muerta: Pd = 0 ton

Carga viva: Pl = 0 ton
Carga de servicio: Ps = 74.56 ton
Carga ultima: Pu = 111.01 ton

2. Considerando los siguientes datos:

ton
Capacidad portante: qs ≔ 20 ――
m3
Profundidad de cimentación: hf = 1.5 m
ton
Sobrecarga: SC = 0.25 ――
m2
ton
Peso específico del terreno: γt = 1.835 ――
m3
ton
Peso específico del concreto: γc = 2.4 ――
m3
kg
Resistencia a la compresión: f'c = 210 ――
cm 2
3. Calculos de diseño:

Calculo de la capacidad portante neta:

⎛⎝γt + γc⎞⎠ ton
qsn ≔ qs - ―――⋅ hf - SC = 16.574 ――
2 m2
Cálculo de las dimensiones de la zapata para columna de: b ≔ 0.35 m D ≔ 0.35m
Ps
Azap ≔ ―― = 4.499 m2
qsn

B ≔ ‾‾‾‾
Azap = 2.121 m

Definimos un: B ≔ 2.2 m L≔B

L = 2.2 m

Entonces:

Azap ≔ B ⋅ L = 4.84 m2

Cálculo de la longitud del volado:

B-b
Lv ≔ ――= 0.925 m
2
 B-b
Lv ≔ ――= 0.925
2

Cálculo de la carga ultima en la zapata:

Pu ton
qu ≔ ―― = 22.936 ――
Azap m2

Verificación del esfuerzo máximo en la zapata: σmax < qs

Ps ton ton
σmax ≔ ―― = 15.405 ―― qs = 20 ――
Azap m2 m2

ton
σmax = 15.405 ――
m2
Verificación del peralte requerido:

Asumimos peralte de: hz ≔ .50 m d ≔ hz - 0.075 - 0.0159 = 0.409 m

Entonces: m ≔ b + d = 0.759 m y b0 ≔ 4 ((m)) = 3.036 m

DimensiónMayorColumna D
βc ＝ ―――――――――< 2 βc ≔ ―= 1
DimensiónMenorColumna b

αs ≔ 40 d = 40.91 cm

Fuerza cortante en dos sentidos o punzonamiento: ϕ ≔ 0.75

Vu2 ≔ ⎛⎝Azap - m 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ qu = 97.794 ton

Peralte requerido:

Verificar: d > mayor ⎛⎝d1 , d2 , d3⎞⎠

 Vu2 ⋅ 10 3
d1 ≔ ―――――――= 27.956 cm
ϕ ⋅ 1.06 ⋅ ‾‾‾
f'c ⋅ b0 ⋅ 10 2
Vu2 ⋅ 10 3
d2 ≔ ―――――――――― = 18.292 cm
⎛ 4 ⎞ ‾‾‾ 2
ϕ ⋅ 0.27 ⋅ ⎜2 + ―⎟ ⋅ f'c ⋅ b0 ⋅ 10
⎝ βc ⎠

Vu2 ⋅ 10 3
d3 ≔ ―――――――――――― = 14.853 cm
⎛ αs ⋅ d ⎞
⎟ ⋅ ‾‾‾
2
ϕ ⋅ 0.27 ⋅ ⎜2 + ――― f'c ⋅ b0 ⋅ 10
⎜⎝ b0 ⋅ 10 2 ⎟⎠

d = 40.91 cm
Vu2 Vu2
o verificar que: ―― ≤ Vc ―― = 130.391 ton
ϕ ϕ

1.06 ⋅ ‾‾‾
f'c ⋅ b0 ⋅ 10 2 ⋅ d
Vc ≔ ―――――――= 190.811 ton ok!
1000
⎛ 4⎞
0.27 ⋅ ⎜2 + ―⎟ ⋅ ‾‾‾
f'c ⋅ b0 ⋅ 10 2 ⋅ d
⎝ βc⎠
Vc ≔ ―――――――――― = 291.617 ton ok!
1000
⎛ αs ⋅ d ⎞
0.27 ⋅ ⎜2 + ――― 2
⎟ ⋅ ‾‾‾
f'c ⋅ b0 ⋅ 10 2 ⋅ d
⎜⎝ b0 ⋅ 10 ⎟⎠
Vc ≔ ――――――――――― = 359.14 ton ok!
1000

Fuerza cortante en una dirección:

Vu1 ≔ B ⋅ ⎛⎝Lv - d ⋅ 10 -2⎞⎠ ⋅ qu = 26.032 ton

Peralte requerido:
Vu1
Verificar: d > d4 o verificar que: ―― ≤ Vc
ϕ

Vu1 Vu1
d4 ≔ ――――――― ⋅ 10 2 = 20.542 cm ―― = 34.709 ton
ϕ ⋅ 0.53 ⋅ ‾‾‾
f'c ⋅ 10 ⋅ B ϕ

0.53 ⋅ ‾‾‾
f'c ⋅ B ⋅ 10 2 ⋅ d
d = 40.91 cm Vc ≔ ―――――――= 69.125
1000
 kgf
Diseño por flexión: ϕ ≔ 0.9 fy ≔ 4200 ――
cm 2

qu ⋅ B ⋅ Lv 2
Mu ≔ ―――― = 21.587 ton
2

d
a≔―
5

Mu ⋅ 10 5 As ⋅ fy
As ≔ ――――― = 15.511 cm 2 a ≔ ―――――― = 1.659 cm
⎛ a⎞ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ B ⋅ 10 2
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠

Mu ⋅ 10 5 As ⋅ fy
As ≔ ――――― = 14.248 cm 2 a ≔ ―――――― = 1.524 cm
⎛ a⎞ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ B ⋅ 10 2
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠

Mu ⋅ 10 5 As ⋅ fy
As ≔ ――――― = 14.224 cm 2 a ≔ ―――――― = 1.521 cm
⎛ a⎞ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ B ⋅ 10 2
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠

Mu ⋅ 10 5 As ⋅ fy
As ≔ ――――― = 14.224 cm 2 a ≔ ―――――― = 1.521 cm
⎛ a⎞ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ B ⋅ 10 2
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠

Mu ⋅ 10 5 As ⋅ fy
As ≔ ――――― = 14.224 cm 2 a ≔ ―――――― = 1.521 cm
⎛ a⎞ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ B ⋅ 10 2
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠

hz = 50

Asmin ≔ 0.0018 B ⋅ 10 2 ⋅ hz = 19.8 cm 2

As = 19.8 cm 2
 5
Calculo del espaciamiento: ϕ ― Av ≔ 1.98 cm 2
8

B ⋅ 10 2 ⋅ Av
s ≔ ―――― = 22 cm
As

B ⋅ 10 2
numerodevarillas ≔ ――― = 10
s

usar: 10 ϕ 5/8@20cm