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SUNCOR ENERGY PRODUCTS

DISTRIBUTION TERMINAL OPERATING MANUAL

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE

SAFE-WORK PRACTICES
Working On Or Near Energized Electrical Equipment
CAT A-1 SOP #4

Lifesaving Rules Supporting Document


Verify isolation before work begins and use
the specific life protecting equipment

Date Issued: January 2010 Revision Date: December 2016


Review Date: December 2019 Revision # 2016-01
Reviewers: B. Buchanan Approver: Mike Cassaday
R. Rattray

1.0 PURPOSE

The purpose of this document is to define and communicate the precautions and requirements
that must be observed when exposed to electrical hazards while performing work on or near
energized electrical equipment, conductors, or circuits.

All Suncor employees and Contractor personnel performing work at Suncor Distribution
Facilities shall comply with the minimum requirements contained in this standard.

2.0 SCOPE

This Standard Operating Procedure shall apply to all employees and contractors who are required
to work on or energized electrical equipment, conductors or circuits while at assets owned and
operated by Suncor Energy Distribution Terminals.

References in this document to “Suncor Personnel” include directors, officers, employees,


contract workers, consultants and agents of Suncor.
DISTRIBUTION TERMINAL OPERATING MANUAL
Working With Energized Electrical Equipment
CAT A-1 SOP #4

3.0 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

 OEMS Element 9, Operational & Maintenance Controls


 PSM Standard, Operating & Safe Work Procedures, CO-S12A
 Distribution Standard Operating Procedure, Electrical Isolation, SOP Cat A-2, SOP #09
 Distribution Standard Operating Procedure, Work Permitting, Cat A-1, SOP #06
 Distribution Standard Operating Procedure, Personal Protective Equipment,
 CSA Standard Z-462-15
 CSA Standard Z-460-13, Control of Hazardous Energy
 Applicable Provincial Occupational Health & Safety Regulations

4.0 PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS

4.1 Specific Hazards

Typical hazards that may be encountered while executing mechanical isolations may include;

Ergonomic Hazards
 Awkward Body Position
 Parts of Body in Line of Fire

Work Environment Hazards


 Exposure to electrical hazards
 Exposure to hydrocarbons or other chemicals
 Limited access / egress
 Lock-Out Procedure

Personal Limitations
 Distractions in work area
 Confusing instructions
 No training or lack of training
 Fitness for duty

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4.2 Training
Proper training and demonstrated competency are prerequisites to performing this Standard
Operating Procedure. Training shall be provided by a competent person and records shall be
maintained.

All employees who are required to utilize this procedure must review and successfully complete
competency verification on a frequency not to exceed three years.

All Suncor employees and contractor personnel performing electrical work at Suncor
Distribution Facilities shall provide the records with information necessary to ensure the
capabilities in performing the electrical task safely.

4.3 Personal Protective Equipment


Personal protective equipment as outlined in Distribution Standard Operating Procedure, Cat A-
1, SOP #10 or as specified in the Safe Work Permit depending on the work to be completed as
per the job scope requirements.

Arc flash specific PPE requirements for equipment which has had no calculated energy analysis
( Arc Flash Label ) are determined by identifying the “risk” using Table 4A and 4B and selecting
PPE from Table 5 of CSA Z462-15; or when arc energy calculation has been made ( Arc Flash
Label ) by using Annex H Table H.2 of CSA Z-462-15 Selection of Arc-rated Clothing and other
PPE.

5.0 RESPONSIBILITIES

Terminal Management;
 Responsible for ensuring full implementation and compliance of this standard operating
procedure.
 Responsible for providing all equipment and personnel training that is required for
compliance with this standard.
 Responsible to complete regular audits of electrical isolation activities and document
findings in Suncor reporting tool.

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CAT A-1 SOP #4

 Responsible to ensure all Terminal Employees who are required to utilize electrical isolation
activities as part of their normal job function are verified for competency at an interval not to
exceed three years.
 Responsible to ensure facility has completed an arc flash study and facility is appropriately
labelled.
 Responsible to ensure if no study has been carried out that the equipment falls within the
parameters set out in Table 4B, with respect to the voltage, type of equipment, available fault
current and the clearing time of the overcurrent device at the equipment being worked on.

Operating Authority;
 Responsible to ensure all sources of energy are isolated and verify the equipment is at zero
energy state.
 Visit work site with Performing Authority and review requirements of the safe work permit
including the isolation points.
 Notify the Performing Authority of any changing conditions or potential impacts to the work
area.
 Preparing and issuing the safe work permit.

Performing Authority;
 Responsible to review and accept the Safe Work Permit on behalf of themselves or on behalf
of associated Workers who will be required to complete work under that permit.
 Responsible to verify that all sources of energy are isolated.
 Visit work site with Operating Authority and review requirements of the safe work permit
including the isolation points.
 Notify the Operating Authority of any changing conditions or potential impacts to the work
area.
 Perform task as outlined on the Safe Work Permit in a safe and responsible manner.

6.0 SUSTAINMENT AND CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT

This document is classified as a Critical Safe-Work Practice and as such must comply with the
Critical Safe-Work Practice Standard outlined in Distribution Procedure Program,
Cat A-3, SOP #01.

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CAT A-1 SOP #4

Distribution Leadership Team shall initiate document review process.

To ensure this Standard Operating Procedure documents meets all applicable OEMS standards,
this document is to be reviewed at a frequency not to exceed 3 years or when conditions change
to warrant a review

7.0 DEFINITIONS

Terminal Management; highest level of authority on site, may be manager, supervisor or a


delegated responsibility

Electric shock; is contact with energized electrical equipment, conductors or circuit parts that
cause the flow of electrical current through the body

Arc flash; is a flash created by current flow through the air between two or more conductors, or
circuit parts and/or the equipment enclosure (ground) which ionizes and super heats the air very
rapidly

Arc Flash Boundary; when an arc flash hazard exists, an approach limit at a distance from a
prospective arc source within which a person could receive a second-degree burn if an electrical
arc flash were to occur.

*** NOTE ***


A second-degree burn is possible by an exposure of unprotected skin to an electric
arc flash above the incident-energy level of 5 J/cm² (1.2 cal./cm)²

Persons crossing into the arc flash protection boundary are required to wear the
appropriate PPE as determined by selection from Table 5 when no calculation has been
completed, or Annex H when Energy Analysis has been completed

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Arc Blast; is the release of tremendous pressures as a result of an arc fault where current flows
through the air between two conductors or a conductor and ground

Electrical equipment; includes machinery, plant, works, wires, pipes, poles, conduits,
apparatus, appliances and equipment, designed or used, or intended for use, for or in connection
with generation, transmission, supply, distribution or use of electrical energy for any purpose;

Limited Approach Boundary; is a shock protection boundary to be crossed by only qualified


persons (at a distance from a live part as specified by Tables 1A and 1B of CSA Z462-15) which
is not to be crossed by unqualified persons unless escorted by a qualified person

Restricted Approach Boundary; is a a shock protection boundary to be crossed by only


qualified persons (at a distance from a live part as specified by Tables 1A and 1B of CSA Z462-
15) which, due to its proximity to a shock hazard, requires the use of shock protection techniques
and equipment when crossed

8.0 PREREQUISITIES

Only qualified person(s) with skills and knowledge to the construction and operation of electrical
equipment and installations and has received safety training on the hazards involved shall
perform the work.

9.0 HAZARDS

There are three main electrical hazards:


<1> ELECTRIC SHOCK
<2> ARC FLASH
<3> ARC BLAST

However, when working on electrical equipment, other additional hazards must be reviewed,
such as: height, confined space, environment, etc.

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9.1 ELECTRIC SHOCK


Electric shock is contact with energized electrical equipment, conductors or circuit parts that
cause the flow of electrical current through the body. The severity of the shock is determined by
the amount of electrical current, the total time that it flows through the body, and where it flows
through the body. A current as low as 23 milliamps may be fatal due to respiratory paralysis and
100 milliamps due to heart ventricular fibrillation. Humid or wet conditions or sweaty skin
increase the potential for electrical shock.
The shock hazard must be considered at any voltage greater than or equal to 50V as defined in
CSA Z462. Lower frequencies associated with variable frequency drives and the like, increase
the risk of electrocution by lowering the level of current at which we can let go of an energized
conductor or circuit part (10Hz as low as 10 mA- 100Hz as high as 100 mA and at normal
frequency (60Hz - 60 mA).

9.2 ARC FLASH


Electrical equipment that faults and creates an arc flash can expose a worker to extreme heat
causing severe burn. Arc flashes are created by current flow through the air between two or
more conductors, or circuit parts which ionizes and super heats the air very rapidly. Some
secondary hazards related to arc flash are:
 Fire
 Toxic smoke inhalation from vaporized copper
 Sound pressure that could damage hearing
 High intensity, UV/IR light that may damage eyesight
 Flying molten metal that may cause injury

An electrical equipment arc flash can produce temperatures up to 20,000⁰C (35,000⁰F), a


temperatures at which materials are vaporized. This explosive release of energy can result in
injuries caused by an intense blast of heat, noise, light and air pressure which can spread molten
metal at great distances. When the explosion occurs within a motor control centre or switchgear,
the release is intensified.

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9.3 ARC BLAST


Is associated with the release of tremendous pressures as a result of an arc fault where current
flows through the air between two conductors or a conductor and ground. Vaporized copper,
molten metal, pressure waves, shrapnel, intense noise and toxic smoke/gases are some of the
resultants of an arc blast.
Dangers associated with an arc blast event are high pressure, sound and shrapnel. The high
pressures can easily exceed hundreds or even thousands of pounds per square foot, knocking
workers off ladders, rupturing ear-drums, and collapsing lungs. The sound associated with these
pressures can exceed 165 dB. Finally, material and molten metal is expelled away from the arc
at speeds exceeding 1120 kilometres per hour (700 MPH), fast enough for shrapnel to
completely penetrate the human body.

10.0 BASIC ELECTRICAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS

Safety related work practices shall be employed to prevent electric shock or other injuries
resulting from either direct or indirect electrical contacts, when work is performed on electrical
equipment, conductors or circuit parts which are or may be energized. The specific safety-
related work practices shall be consistent with the nature and extent of the associated electrical
hazards.
Energized electrical conductors or circuit parts to which an employee may be exposed shall be
de-energized before the employee works on them, unless the employer can demonstrate that de-
energizing introduces additional or increased hazards or is infeasible due to equipment design or
operational limitations. Energized electrical conductors or circuit parts that operate at less than
50 volts to ground need not be de-energized if there will be no increased exposure to electrical
burns or to explosion due to electric arcs. Extra-low voltage will require thermal PPE when it is
determined that the incident energy that is available is greater than 1.2 cal./cm².

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*** NOTE ***


Examples of increased or additional hazards include interruption of life support equipment,
deactivation of emergency alarm systems, or shutdown of hazardous location ventilation
equipment.

*** NOTE ***


Examples of work that must be performed on energized circuit parts because of infeasibility due
to equipment design or operational limitations includes testing of circuits that can only be
performed with circuit energized.

Recommended Electrical Practices for Distribution Terminals are as follows:

 All electrical equipment should be considered energized until it is proven de-energized.


by a qualified person using approved test equipment to confirm “0” voltage. No
personnel should begin work on de-energized parts until this verification has been
completed.
 Do not rush when planning or carrying out the electrical work.

 All near misses and electrical incidents (arc flash and shock) shall be reported
immediately. These incidents should be fully investigated, lessons learned and
recommendations implemented.

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 No worker should begin any electrical work until he/she fully understands the
instructions received and in no circumstances should that person exceed those
instructions. Should any person consider that the instructions given cannot be carried out
safely, that person should refer the matter immediately to an appropriate supervisor.

 No worker should interfere with ground connections, locks, tags, danger or warning
signs, or safety devices; or attempt to close a switch that is in the open position.

 Only use tools that are properly insulated and approved to the appropriate standard.

 Test every circuit and every conductor, every time before you touch. Use Test-Before
Touch procedure.

 Do not work on any electrical circuit where the area is damp or wet until insulated rubber
matting or rated footwear is available and utilized, and the circuit is isolated and
grounded.

 During the execution of a task if any changes are noticed from planned procedures, then
immediately stop the task, think and analyze, assess the risk, control the risk and then
resume work.

11.0 ALERTING TECHNIQUES

The following alerting techniques shall be used to warn and protect all persons from hazards
which could cause injury due to electric shock, arc flash or failure of electric equipment parts.

 Safety signs, safety symbols, or accident prevention tags shall be used where necessary to
warn employees about electrical hazards which may endanger them.

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 Barricades shall be used in conjunction with safety signs where it is necessary to prevent
or limit individual access to work areas exposing individuals to non-insulated energized
conductors or circuit parts. Conductive barricades may not be used where they might
cause an electrical contact hazard.

 If signs and barricades do not provide sufficient warning and protection from electrical
hazards, a standby/signal person shall be stationed to warn and protect employees from
entering the area. An attendant may also be utilized when the task duration is known to be
short, thus eliminating the need to establish the physical barrier or when a physical
barrier is infeasible.

12.0 CONDUCTIVE APPAREL

Conductive articles of jewellery and clothing (such as watch bands, bracelets, rings, keys, chains,
necklaces, metalized aprons, cloth with conductive thread, or metal headgear) shall not be worn.

13.0 ELECTRICAL SAFETY INTERLOCKS

Electrical safety interlocks are mechanical linkages, electrical equipment or other devices which
prevent exposure to energized parts or circuits and operation of the equipment when
starter/breaker doors are opened.
Electrical interlocks must not be defeated or disabled other than for testing or during
maintenance checks. It shall be noted on the permit that interlocks will be defeated.

Only an Authorized and/or Qualified Electrical Worker may defeat an electrical safety interlock,
and then only temporarily while he or she is working on the equipment. The interlock system
shall be returned to its operable condition when the work is completed.

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14.0 ELECTRICALLY SAFE WORK CONDITION

An electrically safe work condition shall be achieved when performed in accordance with the
procedures of CSA Z462-15, and verified by the following process:

1) Determine all possible sources of electrical supply to the specific equipment. Check
applicable up-to-date single line drawings, diagrams and identification tags.

2) After properly interrupting the load current, ( Refer to SOP #09 Electrical Isolation )
open the disconnecting device(s) for each source.

3) Where it is possible, visually verify that all blades of the disconnecting devices are fully
open or draw out type circuit breakers are withdrawn to the fully disconnected position.

4) Apply Lock Out/Tag Out devices in accordance with Suncor Standards.

5) Use an adequately rated voltage detector (certified to the appropriate standard) to test
each conductor phase to phase and phase to ground to verify they are de-energized.
Before and after each test, determine that the voltage detector is operating satisfactorily.
Test-Before-Touch.

6) Where possible induced voltages or stored electrical energy exist, ground the phase
conductors or circuit parts before touching them. If it is know that capacitors exist in a
circuit allow discharge time as recommended by the manufacturer or as defined in the
Canadian Electrical Safety Code. Rule 26-222. Where it could be reasonably anticipated
that the conductors or circuit parts being de-energized could contact other exposed
energized conductors or circuit parts, apply ground connecting devices rated for the
available fault duty.

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15.0 ELECTRICALLY SAFE WORK PROCEDURES

An “electrical safe work procedure” is a written step by step description of how to perform a job
from start to finish. A safe work procedure will include the appropriate safe work practices and
will highlight the safety requirements.

16.0 MAINTENANCE

All tools and equipment shall be properly maintained so as to reduce risk of injuries to
employees or damage to property. Supervision shall ensure that all preventative maintenance is
carried out by qualified personnel according to established schedules and that records are
maintained.

All electrical workers shall regularly check all tools and equipment that they are working with,
and shall take out of service any tools or equipment that poses a hazard due to a need for repair.

Employees are expected to inspect and monitor equipment and report problems to the
appropriate supervisor.

Personally issued safety equipment is the responsibility of the individual to ensure tests, checks
or maintenance are conducted as necessary and recorded.

Records are a necessary part of the Suncor Distribution’s maintenance program. Documentation
of inspections, maintenance and repairs will be kept on file in the appropriate location.
Complete a field Level Risk Assessment (FLRA) for every work and ensure procedures are on
hand detailing the work to be performed.

It is necessary to complete an Energized Electrical Work Permit (EEWP) for all work that is not
testing and/or trouble-shooting or inspection while outside the restricted approach boundary.

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When conducting Hi-pot testing and Megger testing, appropriate warning signs, for example,
DANGER – HIGH VOLTAGE, should be posted on or near the entrance doors and flagging
tape should be used to cordon off areas of high hazards.

In the case of Infra-Red (IR) scans, precautions should be taken to prevent accidental contact of
energized terminals by personnel, either by shielding the energized terminals or by providing
barriers around the area.

Ensure personal safety grounds are installed where applicable.

At the completion of the job, ensure all tools and equipment are accounted for. Thoroughly
inspect the electrical equipment that was worked on to ensure no tools or other materials are left
inside the equipment.

Ensure all utility and personal safety grounds (if they were required) are disconnected following
appropriate Lock Out/Tag Out procedures.

Ensure any capacitors that are in the system are bled off (e.g. 0 voltage) prior to maintenance
and that bleed resistors are installed.

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All personnel performing the electrical task shall ensure the following steps are taken before
performing all electrical tasks:

(refer to “ELECTRICAL WORK FLOW CHART”)

1) Perform – Risk Assessment

2) If “LOW” risk – complete “FIELD LEVEL RISK ASSESSMENT” (FLRA) form

3) If “HIGH” risk:
 justification for “LIVE WORK”
 site review by qualified person
 complete:
o “FLRA” form
o “Energized Electrical Work Permit” (EEWP) form
 refer to “Approach Limits Diagram” (Boundaries for Arc Flash
Protection and Shock)
 refer to “Hazard Risk Clothing Category Table”
o “Electrical Safe Work Procedure” may be required

4) Obtain “Operations Permit”

17.0 PROCEDURE DEVIATION

Deviations from this standard operating procedure must be authorized using the Management of
Change procedure. Deviations must be documented and documentation must include the relevant
facts supporting the deviation decision.

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APPROACH LIMITS DIAGRAM Boundaries for Arc Flash Protection and Shock

Unqualified Personnel - Plus Unqualified Personnel – Plus No Unqualified Personnel


 PPE  PPE
 Supervised by Qualified  Awareness and continuously Qualified Personnel – Plus
Person escorted by Qualified Personnel  Competent for Job
 Approved Risk Analysis
Qualified Person – Plus Qualified Personnel – Plus  Approved Work Procedure
 PPE  PPE  Electrical Work Permit
 Competent for Job  Competent for Job  PPE
 Tools and Equipment
 No ingress to Prohibited

1.2 Cal / cm
Onset of 2nd Degree
ARC FLASH
Burn
BOUNDARY LIMITED RESTRICTED

SAFE FROM FLASH SAFE FROM SHOCK SHOCK PROTECTION BOUNDARY

ARC FLASH BOUNDARY

SHOCK PROTECTION BOUNDARY


NOTES BOUNDARY
Voltage Limited Restricted
 LIMITED, and RESTRICTED shock protection boundaries shown on table at
right or shown on “Arc Flash and Shock Hazard” label on equipment 3’ 6” 1’ 0”
480V 1.07 m 305 mm
 ARC FLASH BOUNDARY, shown on “Arc Flash and Shock Hazard” label on 3’ 6” 1’ 0”
electrical equipment 600V
1.07 m 305 mm
 Required CLOTHING CATEGORY or Table Reference to perform task 5.0 ft 2’ 2”
4160V
shown on “Arc Flash and Shock Hazard Label” in cal./cm² on equipment 1.52 m 680 mm
5.0 ft 2’ 2”
13800V 1.52 m 680 mm
ENERGIZED ELECTRICAL WORK PERMIT FORM
PART I; TO BE COMPLETED BY THE REQUESTER:
Job / Work Order Number __________________________
1. Description of circuit/ equipment / job location; _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Description of work to be done; _________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Justification of why the circuit / equipment cannot be de-energized or the work deferred until the next scheduled
outage;______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Requester / Title; ____________________________________________ Date _____________________________

PART II TO BE COMPLETED BY THE ELECTRICALLY QUALIFED PERSONS DOING THE WORK


Check When Complete
1. Detail job description to be used in performing the above detailed work _______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Description of the safe work practices to be employed _____________________________________________


_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Results of the shock hazard analysis____________________________________________________________


_______________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Determination of Shock Protection Boundaries____________________________________________________

5. Results of Flash Hazard Analysis ______________________________________________________________


_______________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Determination of Flash Hazard Boundaries ____________________________________________________

7. Necessary personal protective equipment to safely perform the assigned task ___________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Means employed to restrict the access of unqualified persons from the work area ________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Evidence of completion of a job briefing including discussion of any job related hazards __________________

10. Do you agree the above described work can be done safely? Yes No

IF NO, WORK IS NOT TO PROCEED


Electrically Qualified Person(s) ____________________________________ Date ______________________
Electrically Qualified Person(s) ____________________________________ Date ______________________

PART III APPROVAL BY SITE AUTHORITY TO PERFORM THE WORK WHILE ELECTRICALLY
ENERGIZED

Terminal Management ______________________________ Date _____________________________________


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CAT A-1 SOP #4

ELECTRICAL WORK FLOW CHART

ELECTRICAL WORK ORDER

RISK ASSESSMENT

HIGH LOW
Above 50V and Below 50V OR
LIVE Parts NO Live Parts
JUSTIFICATION
For “Live Work”

SITE REVIEW FORM REQUIRED


By Electrically Qualified 1) Field level Risk Assessment
Person in Charge

FORMS REQUIRED
1) Field Level Risk Assessment
2) Energized Electrical Work Permit Form
 Description of Work
 Shock and Arc Flash Analysis, ( Refer to Approach Limits Diagram )
 PPE Required for Task, ( Refer to Hazard Risk Clothing Table )
 Task Briefing
3) Electrical Safe Work Procedure

OBTAIN SAFE WORK PERMIT


( EXPLAIN TASK TO BE PERFORMED FULLY )

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DATE AUTHOR DESCRIPTION REVISION


Jan 2011 R. Rattray New document issue. Initial Issue
Sept 2011 G. Gielen Re-write of entire document 2011-01
November 2012 R. Rattray Re-formatted for PSM 2012-01
Changed Document Owner to Distribution
December 2013 R. Rattray 2013-01
Leadership Team
December 2016 R. Rattray Re-Formatted for new LSR 2016-01

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