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3.Select for all entries-to avoid inner joins,more then 2 tables,heavy load on
database,syn,ex
4.prerequisite for all entries-base table or first internal table initial or not,unless will
fetch all the records
5.Select single/upto 1 rows -for field validation at report level ,to read single
record,exact,appropriate record,all key fields ,syntax
REPORTS 5 to
14.Variant- object to store selection screen field values for future references.test
cases,test,test2, [][][]- get variant ,shift + f5, ex.
23.Steps to create a function module : SE37 (i) using tables in function modules ex
(ii) update function modules without any irregularities , ex (iii) using table types as
function modules
24.Steps to create a table type (se11,data type,select table type line type as
database table)
36.Creating tcodes for reports (SE93) ,program name,scrren number (by default
1000),select all acheck boxes
38.Control break statement-to break the control with in loop...endloop At first end
at:- executed when loop executes 1st record of internal table or first iteration i.e sy
index = 1,to display head lines At last...End At-Same as Above but last sy index =
100 or 1000 to caliculate grand totals at new <field name>..end at- executed when
new value on particular field,to display sub headings At end of <field name>..endat-
executed when ever new value ends on a particular field,caliculate sub totals. on
change of field name-obsolete in ecc6.0,same as at new sum:- to caliculate
totals,suntotals,currency,quantity fields within loop endloop.
41.Interactive reports events- 1.At line selection- user double clicks on any list line
2.at user command-user clicks on gui buttons 3.AT pf-user hits the function key 4-
top of page during line selection-constant heading for all the secondary list,top of
page-only for basic list,prg.,user interaction daigram
42.Finding the selected line contents- 3 techniques (double click event) 1.SY-LISEL
2.Hide 3.Get Cursor
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48.Get Cursor:- to read field name & field value of which double click event is
triggered(for secondary list),syntax,ex
54.ALV-Abap List Viewer-to display data in ALV Format,better look and feel,n no of
predefined options,sort asc,desc order,set filters,totals,sub totals,change layout
structure,download data info files,print priview,mail recipent etc.
1.REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY
2.REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
3.REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOGUE_MERGE(to generate field catlogue
automatically)
4.REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET
5.REUSE_ALV_HIERSQ_LIST_DISPLAY
6.REUSE_ALV_BLOCKED_LIST_DISPLAY
7.REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE (to display top of page,logo,end-of-list)
58.ALV_WITH_FIELD_CATLOGUE,Properties,COL_POS,fieldname,table
name,SEL_TEXT_S,_M,_L,Column Heading text,DO_SUM = 'X'-GRAND TOTALS , '
'-not caliculated,SUB TOTAL = 'X',EDIT='X'-weather field can be editable or
not,EMPHASIZE-apply colors to highlight the field,syn EMPHASIZE = CXYZ wher c =
color,x = color no,y - bold (1-background color,0-no background color) ,inverse (1-
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59.Type Group-dictionary object,contains all the reusable user defined types ex:-
SLIS (for ALV Reports)
65.ALV's with totals- 2 ways 1. 'E' - Symbol 2.do-sum = 'X' for Currency/Quantity
field (ctrl+f6)
66.ALV with sub totals,on what basis,sort field in ascending order,set property sub
total,WA-SORT-UP = 'X' (up means ascending) wa-sort-fieldname = 'VBELN' ,
wa_sort_subtot ='X'.
72.Interactive ALV's- user command-when user double clicks on basic ALV output
list. SY-UCOM-stores function code (FCT code) of the double click action. cell field-
slis cell field contains content of selected line cell field-tab index - gives line number
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(contains selected row number) cell field-field name- gives name of field cell field-
value gives value of where double click action is triggered
77.submit and return-to call another abap program from current program and return
will be automatic
78.export and import-stmt/keyword,to export & import the values b/w different abap
programs via ABAP memory,syntax,ex
80.Hierarchial ALV's-to display basic & secondary info on basic list in the form of
hierarchy ex: REUSE_ALV_HIERSEQ_LIST_DISPLAY
83.Performance tuning-displays time taken for each SQL Statements ST05 (click on
active trace,execute program in another session,click on deactivate trace,click on
display trace,,displays time taken for select statements,identify any statement with
red color)
88.Paragraph formats- we can define font size & font family,for all the characters of
a paragraph
92.difference between paragraph format(we can define tabs in it) & character
format(we can't define tabs in it)
93.Types of windows
1.main window-A window which expands automatically depending up on the data (99
max) each page-1 main window 99 pages-99 windows.information is divide into
blocks called text elements
ex: * this is not /: new page * this is invoice-> This line is printed in a new page.
7. if...endif: conditional statement. /: if &v_name= 'srinu' & /:endif
8.case ...endcase- checking multiple conditions
107.Modifying SAP Script with out changing Driver program.Use external sub
routines , Syntax.
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Book2
124.Functional testing UAT & CAT User Acceptence And Customer Acceptence
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138.Data dic or ABAP dic-Central repository where we define and create objects
related to Data Base
149.Initial Field-ALL Key flds By Default,If selected it stores initial Value or Empty
space as a Record.
162.Data Class-specifies physical space for the table in data base. APPL0(Master
Data),APPL1(Trasnactional Data),APPL2(Organisational Data)
duplicate keys one table-16 primary key fields,DD01l-table for all domains,DD04L-
table for all data elements,68 page,figure
172.Package-To save any kind of Object these are used to transport from one
place to another up to 4.6 development class after 4.7 package 2types
1.Transportable(SE21) 2.non transportable (local object,$tmp)
179.Buffering Options:3 1.Buffering Not Allowed(Table Data not used in buffer) 2.BA
(Used by SAP) 3.BSwitched ON (Table data stored in Buffer,Huge Data,Daily Basis)
181.Generic Area:An Area that contains key Fields Data.(Specified By No. Of Key
Flds)
189.Using Append Structures-For Adding Extra Flds to the St. SAP tables Append
Button->Icon Create Append->Give Name,Fld Name,DE Name.2 or 3 flds In Real
Time
190.F Key Relationship-Relation b/w 2 or more flds for Table Fld Validation-
>Checking Weather table Value Correct or Not.
191.Check Table-Table Stores Orginal List of Values or Main Data(Mater table) Ex:
KNA1,MARA EX:KNA1 to KNB1,KNBK
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192.Foriegn Key table-A table Linked With Check Table for Fld Vaidation EX:
KNB1,KNBK
193.Foriegn Key Fld-A Fld in check table Linked with a field in Foriegn Key table
EX:KNA1-Kunnr(Foriegn Key Fld)
194.Pre Req.s For F.Key Rel.s- 2 1.Domain Names must be same for Check Table
& FK Table 2.FK Fld Must be P.Key in Check Table
195.Steps to Create FK Rel.s- 1.Create tab.s YYKNA1(5 records) & YYKNB1 with
flds 2.Open YYKNB1.Slect KUNNR Click ON F.key Button (Standing Man) Enter
Check tab Name (YYKNA1),Gen.Proposal,Copy,Save,Activate 3.testing Open
YYKNBK->Utilities->Tab.Contents->create->enter a no which is not there in
YYKNA1 Kunnr.Error
196.Value table-A Tab Name Defined at Domain level So that all tab flds will be
validated against a single table(value table).Click on F.key Button->Msg(F.key Does
not exis t create a proposal with value table ZZKNA1 as check table yes no
cancel).Yes Value tab becomes check table.No-we have to give our own tab name
222.Assigning The Search help At the Table level 3 steps 1.Create table 2.Create a
Search Help 3.Assign Search Help to Table Field ex:open ZMARA->select Matnr-
>click on generate proposal->Save->activate->Test it.
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236.Why Work areas-To read record from itab in to a sep. memory called as WA.
238.Syntax for WA: Data: <wa Name > type <DB Table>/<User Defined type> ex:
Data: wa_kna1 type kna1/ty_kna1
240.Reading data from DB tables: Select fromDB Table into Itab. Syn:Select f1,f2 or
* from <DB Table> into table <itab> where <condition> Ex: Select
241.Displaying Itab Data:need to read each record from itab to wa Syn: Loop at
<ItabName> into <WA>....EndLoop Ex: Loop At I_Kna1 into Wa_Kna1...very very
good ex Data: I_kna1 type table of kna1 Data:wa_kna1 type kna1.Select * from
kna1 into table i_kna1 Loop at i_kna1 into wa_kna1 writ: / wa_kna1-kunnr,wa_kna1-
Name1 endloop
243.Into corresponding Fields: to compare each field from source to target itab,puts
extra burden on DB,Never in Real Time Syn:Select * from <dbtab> into corrsponding
fields of Table <itab>.
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244.Best prg.ing:1.Always declare itabs using u.d.type 2.Select * X,Select list of flds
3.into corresponding flds X 4. Source list of flds & the targt itab flds list must be
same
245.List of Itabs operations 1.Append 2.Insert 3.Sort 4.Describe Table 5.Read table
6.Loop at <Itable> 7.Modify 8.Delete 9.Delete Adjacent Duplicates 10.Clear
11.Refresh 12.free 13.Collect 14.Move Corresponding 15.Append Lines of 16.Insert
Lines Of
248.Sort-To Sort Itab Data either in Ascing or Descending order Syn:Sort <Itab> by
f1,f2...<ASC>/<DESC> ex:1.Sort i_kna1 2.Sort i_kna1 by Name1 3.Sort i_kna1 by
Land1 descending
250.Read Table-To read a Single Record from itab into Wa. 2 1.With Index(read the
record specified by index no into wa) Syn:Read table <itab> into <wa> index
<no>2.With Key(By field value) Syn:Read table <itab> into <wa> with key
<fldname1>=<value>,<fldname2>=<value>,Binary Search,Prerequsite is Itab sort in
Ascending.
255.Delete-To delete the data from Internal table Syntaxes 3. 1.Delete <itab> from
<wa> 2.Delete <itab> index <no> 3.Delete <itab> where <fld1>=<val>,<fld2>=<val>
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261.Append Lines of-To add multiple records from 1 itable to another itable
Syn:Append lines of <itab1> from <n1> to <n2> into <itab2> ex:
262.Insert Lines of-To add data from one ITAB to another at specified index
number. Syntax: Insert lines of <iab1> from <n1> to <n2> into <ITAB2> index <no>.
ex
263.Moving Data from One Internal Table to another Internal table Syntax: Itab2[] =
Itab1[].
265.Obselete Ways to declare ITAB and WA:occurs 0-Creates body of 8 kb size for
internal table.occurs 0 with header line-Body as well as implicit WA(header line)
268. 2 types of Statements 1.Open SQL->In Real Time 2.Native SQL->Directly with
Data Base
270.MODIFY: Same
271.UPDATE:Same
273.Pre Requisites for Open SQL Stmts: Always work with <ITAB> rather then
<WA>.Structure of itab/wa must be same as DB Tables. Ex: Data: I_kna1 type table
of kna1 (tick) ,Data: I_kna1 type table of ty_kna1 (wrong)
275. 2 forms of insert statement fig. 1.Insert from ITAB(throws run time error when
finds duplicate records) 2. Insert from ITAB accepting duplicate keys
276.update statement: 2 types 1.row level update 2. column level update 1.Entire
row is processed 2.Only purticular Fields updated Syn: 1.update <DBTAB> from
<WA> or update <DBTAB> from TABLE <itab> 2.update <DBTABLE> set <fl> =
<val1> <f2> = <val2> where <condition>
282.Continue:To continue the next iteration counter by leaving all the below
statements
288.SKIP-to display blank line on output screen syn: SKIP <NO> -No of
Lines,Skip,Skip2-2 blank lines.
293.
Book3
296.Debugging 2 ways 1.Static Brk point in prg lines of Smart Form 2.Dynamic Brk
Point in Function Module se7->fn md name->display->source code-
>find(button,binarcules)->Give any Prg.Line(v_sno=v_sno+1) -> RADIO Button In
Main program->enter->put Dynamic Break Point.
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318.types of classes 2 1.Global,All prgs in SAP can access this class,Starts with
GCL_ 2.Local SE38 with in a Program,Cant be accesesed outside,Starts with LCL_
322.Ex on method with table type Create table Type->open class->Method tab-
>Define a Method->Specify parameters->Write Code->Write Code in program
324.Events: action double click | Right Click | left Click.To trigger the methods of
same or other class. events tab. Syntax to raise events: Raise Event <EventName>
ex: Raise Event no_kunnr. 5 steps to work. 1. Define event 2.Define a Method
3.Link event & method 4.Raise Event 5.use SET HANDLER Syn: SET Handler event
handle method for instance object.
331.Ex on interfaces-ZIF_xxxxx
340.lcl classes-A class in se38 to create lcl class 2 steps 1.Class Defintion 2.Class
Impl Syn: Class <ClassName> Defintion...Endclass,Class <ClassName>...Endclass
344.Using inheritance in local class 1.Create super & child class Syn:class
<classname> defintion inherting from <superclass>...endclass ex.
347.Object Oriented ALV's Displayed in 2 ways 1.ALV with function modules 2.ALV
with Classes
1.N no of events in classes(more compared with function Modules) ex:drag & drop
left click,right click
2.OOALV Displayed on MPPScreen(with the help of custom container UI element)
3.Control size of Custom Container.i.e we can control ALV GRID Data
4.Display ALV Grid & UI Elements (Check boxes,Radio Buttons)
5.Can display more then one ALV Grid on single Screen.
1.CL_GUI_ALV_GRID
2.CL_GUI_CUSTOM_CONTAINER
3.CL_DD_DOCUMENT(Logo,TopOfPage)
4.CL_GUI_ALV_TREE
5.CL_GUI_SPLITTER_CONTAINER 6.CL_GUI_CONTAINER
(to use part of container from split container) to divide/split custom container
method:set_table_for_first_display used to display ALV data.
351.List of OOALV's-
352.Interactive ALV's
354.Types of Enhancements:
4 types 1.fn Mod exit 2.menu exit 3.screen exit 4.field exit(obslete now)
1.To enhence custom coding of Standard SAP Application.It will have a predefined
Signature.(i.e importing/exporting parameters)->based on this write custom
code.each fn module will have zinclude.
2.To add custom menus to standard tool bar or menu bar identitified by '+'
.Dbl.Click on+ and create Custom menu
menu exit to add custom menu fn.md.exit to add abap logic for corresponding menu
exit.
3.Screen Exit-to add custom SAP Screen to Standard SAP Screen,of type sub
screen,each sub screen identified by screen number,each screen exit fn module
exit.
4.Field exit-to change the standard field labels of i/p fields on SAP Screen Note:
Each C.exit of Function Module Exit starts with EXIT_XXX_001.Project is a group of
enhancements.each enhancement is an exit point. cmod-to create a project smod-
searching the enhancements(exits)
355.Searching for enhancements (or) exits : 3 Ways 1.using call customer function
2. usind smod tcode 3.using se84 tcode
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1.After finding the list of enhancements & function modules put break point in all
function module exits
2.First create a project in CMOD transaction
3.put a brak point in the function module exit
4.execute the transaction->now we can find easily which is correct exit.
362.ex on userexit,ex on function exit using call transaction function ex: on customer
exit using SMOD,ex on menu exit,testing
364.steps to find out the field name,table name, data element. se02->vendor
number as 1->select check boxes->enter->next screen button->press f on tax
number field-> apop up is displayed->tech.info button->displayes tab name,field
name,data element name
366.properties of badi's 1.if multiple use check box is not selected it is a single
implementation badi 2.if filter dependent check box is selected it is afilter dependent
badi .we need to define the filter type such as land1 , bukrs, werks
369.ex on badi
370.cross applications
380.Rules of BAPI-
384.types of data transfer 2 1.out bound data transfer (sap to another) 2.inbound
data transfer (another to sap)
388.Runtime Components of Idoc-When ever we transmit the IDOC from one server
to Another Server Automatically components will be added at runtime
390.Message Type-to identify the type of application for which idoc is used. ex:-
ALREQ01->IDOC type for feteching material,cutomer,vendor data to identify the
application for the above IDOC we use message types. ex: 1.MATMAS ->Message
Types(matmas01,matmas02..,matmas05-all idoc types,05 is latest one) 2.cremas
3.debmas. First create IDOC with segments->create message type->then link to
IDOC types
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