SECTION XII SPECIFICATIONS SRGBit [UNS numbers and coreaponding American specications Standard ‘Numbers! Grader [UNS F000 Fie | raze | rssio0 [Faso Fise00 | Faeioo [ASTM AGDS, ‘oso-18 [ASTM A536 00-18 a 05.08 [ASTM AWE we, ASTM ATI saad AMS ms mie saz ua | D8 T Daa Ds Das Mi 24137 a ENS: Faas09 | Fasano —[—Fasoo0 [—Fasoor Fane Fanos —[—Fanoae ASTI AG Dz, 2p Dac Da. Daa, fasta asae| —io7003 | 1990009 SAE os | 0700s ONS Foes —[—Faasoa [Faso Fano [Faas Fasoa Faa090 ASTM Ao] D4 Ds Dan. ASTM AB Dawe wi aSPECIFICATIONS Introduction North America Other Standards ‘The purpose of standard specifications for Ductile Iron castings is to pro- vide a body of information which can be used with confidence by both designer and foundry to select, define and agree upon a set of specific properties which will ensure that the castings meet the intended use of the designer. The use of standard specifications simplifies the pur- chase of castings from multiple suppliers because it defines a standard casting whose properties meet the designer's needs, regardless of where, or how the castings were produced, Specifications should be chosen carefully and used sparingly to ensure that they adequately define the designer's needs without adding su- perfluous constraints which needlessly restrict the suppliers’ options, complicate the casting process and increase the cost of the casting. It is the responsibility of both the designer and the foundry to be aware of the role and the limitations of specifications and to agree upon a specification that provides the optimum ratio of performance to cost. Itis up to the designer to specify a set of properties - mechanical, phys- ical, chemical or dimensional - which best suit the casting to its purpose. Once the specification has been selected, the foundry must ensure that all castings delivered meet or exceed the specification. The raw materi- als and production methods used by the foundry to provide conform- ing castings are not normally restricted by the designer or the specification unless the specification includes such instructions, or the designer and foundry agree to append additional instructions to a speci cation. Such instructions should be used judiciously, because they almost invariably increase the casting cost and restrict the number of foundries which can provide competitive bids. The ASTM has five standards covering Ductile Iron castings. ASTM A 536 is the most frequently used, covering the general engineering grades of Ductile Iron, The other standards cover austenitic and special Duc- tile Iron applications. The ASTM has issued in 1990 a new specifica- tion defining the properties of Austempered Ductile Iron. The SAE standard J434 is commonly used for specifying automotive Ductile Iron castings. In an attempt to create a single, comprehensive system for designating metals and alloys the ASTM and SAE have jointly developed the Unified Numbering System (UNS). While not itseif a specification, the UNS designation is gaining some degree of acceptance in North America as a useful means of simplifying and correlating the various existing specifications. The UNS designations for Ductile Irons, cross- referenced to the corresponding ASTM, AMS, SAE and MIL specifica- tions, are shown on the opposite page. This section also summarizes the national standards for Ductile Iron for the other major industrialized countries and the international ISO stan- 12-1 Sa4 Po i] = oS a a Beyond Specifications wee dard. This standard, and its replacement, the EuroNorm standard EN will become increasingly important with the growth of the European Community. There are many additional standards for Ductile Iron, some national, and others valid only within a specific technical or commercial organization. While each specification may have its own distinguishing characteristics, there are also many similarities between specifications Before using any specification, the designer should obtain a complete copy of the current issue from the specifying body to familiarize him- self with both the properties specified and the conditions under which they are to be measured. Standard specifications for Ductile Iron are normally based on mechan- ical properties, except for those defining austenitic Ductile Iron, which are based on composition. Mechanical property values are given in the units normal to the particular specifying body. Conversions for SI, met- ric non-SI, and non-metric units are given at the end of this section to assist in comparing specifications. Standards and specifications ensure uniformity and assist both the designer and the foundry in defining the most important properties of the castings. However, most of the specifications identify either mini- ‘mum properties, or ranges of properties, inferring that all castings whose properties either exceed the minimum or lie anywhere within the range, are equally acceptable. This inference is incorrect, and high quality cast- ings, whose properties oither consistently exceed requirements, or fall well within specified ranges, offer the designer a competitive edge. ‘Through commitments to SPC and continual quality improvement, many foundries have developed the capability to produce castings whose higher quality can be demonstrated statistically. Designers should take advantage of these capabilities to obtain assured quality which is su- perior to that required by specifications REFERENCES Annual Book of ASTM Stondards, Volume 01.02, Ferrous Castings, 1997 1... Hughes, "Ductile Iron,” Metals Handbook, American Society for Metls, Vol. 15, ‘ath edition, 1988. [American Society of Automotive Engineers In., Warrendale, PA, 1989,ABBREVIATED DUCTILE IRON SPECIFICATIONS. ASTM A 395 FERRITIC DUCTILE IRON PRESSURE-RETAINING CASTINGS FOR USE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. ‘This standard specifies chemical, physical, and hardness requirements. Chemical Requirements Physical Requirements “The castings shal conform tothe following requisemants or “Tensile Properties - The Ductile Ion ae represented by the Chemieal eompesition (Note 3. {est specimens shall conform tothe following equieere ‘ota carbon, mia, % 200 for tensile properties: Sion max, 250 Tensile tength, min, pel (MP) 0 000 (418) Phosphorus. max, % oon Yi reneth i. pt MP) 40,000 (278), ‘Hordness~ Te hardness ofthe hest-nvsted Ductile ean ae presented bythe tat specimens and easing shall be wi {hin the following limite, 1B, 3000 loud 142 to 187 ASTM A 439 AUSTENITIC DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS Chemical Requirements Te Hlement Da" Dab DACA Composition, _ ‘Total carbon, max 5.00 300290 =o 2802) silicon 1503.00 1.50.00 1.00.00 1.00280 1002.80 5.00600 1.00290 1.00200 490:.80 Manganese 070125 0703.25 1.30240 100 mex* 1.00-max* 1.00 max? 1.00 max? 1.00 max® 1.00 max Phosphorus, mx 0080.08 O08 0.08008 0.08 Od Oe .08 Nickel 18.00.2200 1800-22. 21.002400 280032.09 28.0052.00 28:00:22.0 34.00.9600 38:00:95.0 34.00-97.00 Chromium 174275 2754.00 0.50 max? 250350 100-150 4505.50 010 max 2.00300 1.75225, 4 Additions of 07 t0 1.0% of molybdenum wil incase Ube mechanical properties sbove 00°F (425°C), 5 Not itonioally added. Mechanical Requirements Te Bement D2 pas pac pa aA aS aR SS Propertion ‘onslle strength, min, ksi (MPa) 98 (400) 58 (400) 58 (400) 55 (970) 55 (979) 60 (414) 55 (970) 55 (079) 05 (49) ie strength (02 peront set), nin, Aa Ma) 0 (207) 30 (207) 28 103) 30 (207) 30207) - —s0(207) 30 207) 30 207) Hlongation 2 im or 30 mm, min,% a0 «70RD «HOD 20 69 Binet hardness (300 kg) 190202 1eH211 T2LA71 Ia9aN2 I9TIN3_BmE-27R I9I-ABS_1WEI99 181-409 12. aHBaal) Bi ASTM A 476 DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS FOR PAPER MILL DRYER ROLLS Chemical Requirements “The castings shall conform to the follwing chemical ro aquiement Seon, mas 30 Phosphoroe, me. % O08 Self mex. 0s The castings shall 3 taht ASTM A 536 2-4 carbon equivalent of 2.8 to Tensile Requirements ‘Test Coupon Section Thickness 1 in. ‘Teme svonath, ln, Ast Yield suongth. i, ks DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS ‘Tensile strength, min. pst ‘Teil rrength min, MPa Yield suength, in, psi ‘Yield strength, nin, MPa Elongation in 2 in. oF 50 mm, Tensile Requirements Grade ‘Grade Grade siesta onsi06 ‘Grade Grade s2aaoieg 90 000 ‘Tensile Requirements for Special Applications Tensile strength, min, ps Tensile suongth, min. MPa Yield strength. min, ps Yea tenet nin, MPa Elongation rade ‘Grade soresASTM A 571 AUSTENITIC DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS FOR PRESSURE- CONTAINING PARTS SUITABLE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE. ‘SERVICE ‘This standard specifies that all castings shall be heat treated by anneal- ing between 1600 and 1800°F for 1 hour per inch of casting section and furnace cooling Mechanical Property Requirements Chemical Requirements — Clase 1 Class 2 emet Compe 5 a ane Tee Seog win tsa Tes aon 22a Yd Sheng 02% ft, min Sen tease ie Mogae das ns Nadel 2owe foal Ndr, 300088 tzlark tian Chromium ozo mm Chay Wn he Phosphor 0.08 ax inn vera 3 od oo “4 For castings with sections under 1/4 in., it may be desira- eee 2 8 Sect ect tpt wns of a ASTM A 897 -AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON A897M Min Tele Se: Min id Stompin npc Bory? Warde Grade me Te S_W Te S-_loguiens_npet oerey?_ ener _ we MP Ka Peet ales m= = fsansire 0 « * wo ara FA "a0007 1 10 7 mo eras i} toxo7n7 80 m0 ; “0 deraee 5 moment 0 ‘ © ana Ed Complete specifications may be obtained fom “American Sovily for Tsing Matera 100 Bar Harbor Drive, West Conshocken, PA 19828, ‘Stits of Automotive Engineer nc, 8b Lexington ave Now York NY 10O4? ‘American Srityof Mechanica Engineers, 345 Eat 47th Sot, Naw York NY 10017 12-5NOTE: SAE specification for Ductile tron casting and austempered Ductile Iron casting are currently been revised so they were not available as of the time of this printing SAE Ja34C AUTOMOTIVE DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS [ ‘Elongation | | Proof stress, Rye in ‘Avmin. | Hardness rade [Nim kstinm toni’ | Win? | 6 pusz | aaa | 457 | 200 Jeso00] a0 | are | 201 |asooo) x ase217 sso | sso | se2 | 257 20000] a7 | 207 | 240 |ssow) 6 tw7.2ss | Feito & peal rer | oan | 70.3 | 446 |s00.000/ 489 | 422 | a12 | 7000) 3 eavaoa | Pout mers | - | - | - | -f-]|- | - | - s =| Marensite “These irons ae primarily specified on hardness and structure, The mechanical properties are given for iformation only. “quenched and tomporedgrode;harnas to be agroed between supplier and porchose, JAPAN AUSTEMPERED SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE IRON CASTINGS JIS G 5503-1995, Mechanical properties of separately cast test sample a Symbol oF Teil srenth Yd sen Blnaton ondoes Pa aie Nine Ninn * “ I = FoAD 0 soni 0 ain Tain = 3 CAD 9008 soon 00a emo = 2 FAD 10005 i000 min 700 mi Simin S EAD 200-2 1200 200 mi 2a 2 i FCAD 1400-1 00 in 1100 i in ornin 12-6JAPAN ‘SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE IRON CASTINGS TIS G 550; Mechanical properties of separately cat test sample Syabolet | aul | weld [ng | rade | trots | stent | Charpy sorption ney (rma trac) | Tien vale [finan] Warns] Nai weave rompers of3 ice | van | 3 i 1 Pepa | asonn | 220m am | Bes | mm mim | are | Pe Fepucose | womin | 250mm | von | aves | aemin | arin] Toi Fepasoa0 | comie| soon | 10min ia | e007 | sto min_[ 320 min [7 min ‘aia | aie po ep003 | wo min [370 mn | ami trie 70_[ Petite ite Foo 7002 | 70min] 420 min | Pin tune an Pie tempered steactre Mechanical properties of caston test sample Tyaalal [kaw] ese] [ow ‘rode [oto csingsrength|srnsth| ten” | Chap sbsorptonenersy | lfrmatin renee | Nim | wnt | == ‘Test | Mean value | Individual Hardness | Matrix structure Tempera] ftps | wate | nh ‘c 1 1 | FED AGORA fra upofvomia 250m] wma —RaxS | min | Hmm | aOvw WO | Fare | le ‘| | = {Over 60, up to 370 min.]240 min, 12 min, 12 min. ‘9 min. | ba nil | PS FED TAL ve 90.0 wi] | S le | [Over 60, up o|s70 in| 240 min) Tema Tamia | Pm | 2 end i | | EA FED S004 Ove 90, up ano min 1S mel cance | le (Over 60, up to [370 min. [240 min] 12 mia. ad ei | FEDS007A fe 90a 50m ]00 mi] Fm Toot Fario pao | fad ine 6 m [and inci. 200 = FED OA fe 3000 win ]S50 wn] Fm Tia 76] Pala Toate] [ve apis mis sao | Tm 12-7aH EUROPEAN STANDARD _SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE CAST IRONS EN 1563:1997 ‘Mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from separately cast samples “Material designation “Tensile strength 02% proofs x Far Nim Nit Symbah ‘Tambor in. in, in ENGISa9020E0" BNISIO18 350 220 2 Evisas022 U0 ENISIOW a0 220 7 Evcis 60.227 ENISI010 30 220 a EVGISa00a8T ENISI025 0) 200 i EVGIS003euT ENIS1028 100 230 18 ENGISa00-%8 ET ENISON 00 230 18 ENISI0N0 300 230 5 ENG}s450-10 181080 150 310) 10 ENGIS007 181050 00 0 7 ENGIS.6005) ‘Ev S060 00 0 3 ENGIS-7002 ENst070 00 2 2 ENGIS-002 Bestaa0 mm 00 2 ENg)S 200-2 EN SI090 00 00, 2 NOTE 1. The vals for thse materia apply o casings at in sand moulds of comparnle thermal dfs Sort amendments tobe aged upon oy a Py 0 casings Sand yak moe [NOTE 2. Whatever the mth used for obtaining the castings. the grades ae bse onthe mechanical properties measured on test Des akon frm saps separately cast nu sand mould ora mould of comparable thermal diffs. NOTES. 1 N/mun! is equivalent o 1 MPa NOTE 4. ‘The material designation ie in accordance with EN 1560, Minimum impact resistance values measured on V-notched test pieces “At reom temperature (aes AU(20 221°C tao 21°C Symbol | Nomar | Mean value | Individual | Monn value ‘did from a tents | value | from’ tere value WosmonEN ENS E 7 2 EN-GIS360-22.RT[ENISIOa| 7 = 7 S a = ENGISaOO18UTO[ENTSIONS| s 2 a = E ENISa0018-UT®/ENISI0Z4) 14 mn 7 = = = [NOTE 1. ‘The vals for thes materials ply a caings eatin sand moulds af comparable therm] dst. Sujet to amendments {Obs egreed upon inthe oer, ry can appt ets sine yarns thas NOTE? Whatover the matiod used for ining the casting. the grads ae bead onthe machanical properties measured on tet ces taken from sample soparaely cast a sand mould ora mould of comparable ternal ifs. NOTE. The material designation si acoedance with EN 1560, 12-8EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1563:1997 (continued) Mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from separately cast samples Material designation ela Teme srg | 02% prafarme | Elongation ‘hike ' a hp a om Sint Nine x Sibel Taner min in BeGIsa50aR0Er" | EN SION a30) 350 0 ra GSU | ENsroT v.30 350 220 2 esa a0 sion 30 350 220 2 octet a 20 ® WRGISaToELT | ENISION® rea0 00 20 1 eo tit0 ™ Pa 2 RCSA RT | BNISIOND 1230 00 250 w soci Smo a0 % RGSano Beysi08e re0 00 2 io ctezm Ea a 2 BRGSne Buia 30 0 20 ‘ ROSH. Brisa 120 “0 m0 10 BOE IESS, |) to ve agreed botwoen the manufacturer and the purchaser GEERT Besson 1230 vo 0 7 eoctez in m0 3 Geena Bison 120 0 v0 2 octet fo ea 2 oats 0 x i BGR ToT Basie Tei0 700 “a0 2 Bears Basie e30 me 80 2 QOEIE&, |} tote agreed beeen the manutacturer and the purchase, Nase aT Busia Tea0 7 ao 7 2<1500 |} rote aun btwene the manufactur and he purchase, NOTE 2. 1 Nimm! is oquiv 101 MPa NOTE. The material designation ein accordance with EN 1860, [NOTE 1. Tho proparies af cast.on tet place canna fet eaetly the proper of he casting sal it can bra tr approximation ‘han those obtained 0 9 soparatly cast sample, Fubar value are gen im annex D for uid, i 12-9 Bet AEUROPEAN STANDARD. EN 1563:1997 (continued) “Material designation ‘Other properties (or information only) ™ Tan ‘Symbor onar Nim? Nim ENGISHBIO ENs2000 ‘aaa an 160 350 220 ENGISHIDISO NJ s2020 00 175 00) 2s ENGI HBISS ENSam0 13510180 00) 280 ENS HBOS in y82000 3019 210 "0, 0 EN-GIS in200| EN j82050 17040 290 00 aeion ENGIS 15250 EN j82060 006 270 600) 370 ENGIS 265 EN 82070 2250308 70 0 ENG) HB00" EN Sz000" 23510 85 00 ‘a EN-G)S-HB500" EN IS2000" 270% 360 200) a "PENIS 0m (EN wn ac EN GIS TBSD ERAT) ns ws cal kk ln cs NOTE 1. 1 Nimmt is ouivalnt to 1 MPa ‘Minimum impact resistance values measured on V-notched test pieces machined from cast-on samples Material designation Relevant “Minimum impact eeitance vals Gin ‘wall ‘room etn ae (s25)°C ean ial vatee | ftom Srmboh ‘Romber vn EVG|saso UU | ENjs1019 100 . aes alae TNGisasoaa RT | eNsioge ra 00. oe : ee ENGiSa00 aT | ENSiono 30 t . = [oe pa a ENGisaoo aR | ENTSTOSe ats 60 fae cue = aS NOTE, ‘The valus forthe matorils normally apply to castings with thicknesses betysen 20 um an 200 mm a ith a mass {ster thon 2 000 kor when the relevant wall hickvess may vary barn 20 mm and 20 rn NOTE 2. The popes af cao ot poe cannot fet nay tho proper fhe casing Hil. et canbe a ter approximation ‘han those aban ona separately ext sample Further vluos ars iver annex D fr gua NOTE 3. 1 N/sun?is equivalent to 1 MPs NOTE 4. The maori designation xin accordance with EN 1560, 12-10EUROPEAN STANDARD —_ AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE CAST IRONS. EN 1564: 1997 Mechani 11 properties measured on test pieces machined from separately cast samples “Tella strength 02% proof seo longtion| %, Roo a Niet Ninn * Syma Namber i, nin ENGISH008 Euysn100 200 500 ENIS20005 NIST 700 700 EN-1s32002 ENsrr20 120 350 EN-GIS 190041 ESHA 40 100 [NOTE 1. ‘Tho vals for thew ater apply to eating etn sand mn of comparbie tral iis Sapo ames {obo gid upon inthe order ty can api Us eating tno by altrtive math NOTE 2, Whatovor the mathod used fr ssiing the canting. the pades are bas on the mechanical popes meu on est Pca taken tom samples separstaly anim sand mould rnold of comparable thera dlls NOTES. 1 N/mm is equivalent tot Sta [NOTE 4. The material dosignation sin accordance with EN 1560, Hardness range 1 designation rinel hardaem ange ‘Simkar ‘Namier " ENGIS a0 iv 1s1200 i na ENGI 1000-3 ENISHI 300 0 360 ENOIS 12002 S120 34010 440 ENGI 400-1 TN ISTH0 380 1 480 [NOTE ‘Tho mata dsignetion Is i acoedanco wih EN 1550, SOUTH AFRICA _SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE IRON CASTINGS SABS 936/937 Proot sre longation] Hardness Baa tla ‘Ania ‘Grads — [Ni Toa [Nim] kati [onlin | We __| Ssractre scx] 975 22 | m5 | 280 | 160 | 17 | + 190 | Ferro sca | ao 23 | 3% | asa] 7] va | 200 Ferre soso | 00 mr] we | asa] aaa 7 | izo- 240) Ferate& pease sceo | 590 any | a] ana] as + _[e710- 250) Pestte sc70 | 0s | 700 | ssa | | as] ans 3 _[s 230-300) Pearle sca | 705 | oo | soe | 4a | sno [a7 2 [0-90] Pattee § For nformation only we SudSOUTH AFRICA AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS SABS 1656: 1995 Grade] Minimum Minimum Minimem | Umpactstrongth | Wardness™ tensile strength | prootstross | elongation (energy los a Mes | MPa Mr * 1 ‘ADI T080 Taso 7 a0 302-369 ADL T200 1200 a0 4 oo mie ‘ADI 1300 1400 700 1 5 a8 ‘ADI 1600 600 1500 S = 55 For information only SOUTH AFRICA _AUSTENITIC SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE IRON CASTINGS. Toni rg Prot arse ongation | Hardoes min pas ann | oe ‘Grado [Ninn [— hatin? [teal — [Nit] ein? [tin % i scan | a nao [ae 205 no [03 «| as ascaa_| a8 nao [aa a0 1 wo | 10 ASG-4A a75 38.0 202 [205 210 133 0 20, [Cascsa [7s ano | ata 205 219 1 7 200 ascea | aio wo | as 208 ate 1a ra 170 12-12Element Aluminium Antimony Barium Beryllium Bismuth Boron Cadmium Calcium, Carbon Cerium Chromium, Cobalt Columbium Copper Gold ron Lead Lithium Magnesium Manganese Mercury Molybdenum Nickel Palladium Phosphorus Platinum Potassium Rhodium Selenium Silicon Silver Sodium Strontium Sulfur Tantalum Tellurium Thallium Thorium Tin Titanium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zine Zirconium PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME ELEMENTS Symbol Al Sb Ba Be Bi B Cd Ca c ce cr Co Nb cu Au Fe Pb Li Mg Ma Hg. Mo Ni Pd P Pe K Rh Se si Ag Na St s 2 Atomic Weight 26.97 121.76 137.36 9.02 209.00 10.82 112.41 40.08 12.00 140.13 52.01 58.94 92.91 63.57 197.20 55.84 207.22 6.94 24.92 54.94 200.61 96.00 58.69 106.70 31.02 195.23, 39.09 102.91 78.96 28.06, 107.88 22.99 87.63 32.06 180.88 127.61 204.39 232.12 118.70 47.90 184.00 238.14 50.95 65.38 91.22 Melting Point °F 1220 1167 1562 2462 520 472 610 1564 1427 3326 2696 3542 1982 °C 660 630 850 1350 271 2282 Boiling Point °F 3272 2516 2084 2732 2642 4622 1408 2522 6512 2552 3992 5252 5972 4259 472 5430 2048 2437 2007 3452 676 6692 5252 3992 536 7772 1400 4592 1270 4712 3542, 1616 2102 832 7412 2534 3002 5432 4100 5432 10526 6332 5432 1661 5252 Density sgrsice 2.70 6.62 3.50 1.82 9.80 2.30 8.65 1.55 2.22 6.79 714 8.90 8.57 3.04 19.30 7.87 11.35 0.53 474 7.20 13.55 10.20 az-13 Bu2 “4 CONVERSIONS: English, SI units, and non-SI metric units aibffin? == 1 psi ksi = 1000 psi = 6.895 Nim? = 6.895 MPa = 0.7031 kgfimm? = 0.4464 tonfiin? N/mm? = 1 MN/m? = 1 MPa = 0.06475 tonfiin? = 145.04 Ibfiin? 0.10197 kgfimm? 1 kgtimm? 9.6067 N/mm? = 0.63497 tonffin? 1422.4 Ibf/in? 1 tonf/in? 5.444 Nimm? = 1.5749 kgfimm? 2240 Ibfiin? 1 fief 1.3558 J 0.1369 kgE-m Vy 0.73787 fe-lbt 0.10197 kgm Akgf-m 9.8067 J 7.3068 ft Ibf Units English Multiplication Factor SI Units Area in? 6.45 cm? ‘Area fe 093 m? Length in 2.54 cm Length ft 305 m Mass b 454 kg Temp (oF - 32) 556 c