Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Si
Compiled By Group IV :
FitriAdhiningsihRizky ( 4163312010 )
Kiki AmbarWatyMalau ( 4163312014 )
MATHEMATICS DEPARTEMENT
FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2018
PREFACE
Praise be to the presence of God Almighty for all His grace so that this Critical
Book Report can be arranged to completion. I also say thank you to the people who have been
instrumental in making Critical Book Report. This Critical Book Report has been compiled with
maximum to be easily understood and understood by the reader.
Apart from all that, I am fully aware that there is still a lack of both in terms of the
preparation of sentences and grammar used. Therefore, with open arms I receive all the
suggestions and criticism from the reader so that I can improve my report. Finally I hope this
Critical BookReport can provide benefits and inspiration to the reader.
Author
TABLE OF CONTENT
PREFACE ..................................................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENT .............................................................................................
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background .............................................................................................
1.2. Purpose....................................................................................................
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Linear (linearly dependent) and non Linear (linearly dependent) Basis and Dimension
of Space or Vector Space Dimension / Vector Discussion Definition Known Vector at R5 a =
(3,2,1, -1,4) b = (1, 2, -3, -2.4) c = (11,10, -3, -7,20) Is c a linear combination of a and b?
Examples of Linear Combinations The Solution ... Continuation ... Continuation ... Linearly
independent (not linearly dependent) and not linearly dependent Linearly independent Non
linearly independent example 1 λ1 = -3 λ12 λ2 = λ2 non trivial reply a & b is not free λ1 + 3
λ2 = 0 3 λ1 + 9 λ2 = 0 λ1 = -3 λ2 λ1 = -3 λ2 BASE AND DIMENSION OF SPACE OR
VECTOR Definition: vector a, vector b and vector c are the basis in Rn, when vector a,
vector b , and linearly independent vector c: Example: a = (2,1); b = (3,1); c = (4,1) whether
the vectors a, vectors b and vector c are bases in R2? Answer: λ₁a + λ₂b + λ3c = 0
DIMENSION OF THE VECTOR ROOM A vector space ≠ 0 is called n-dimension when the
basis s = (v1, v2, v3 ... vn), can be written Dim v = n For vector space = 0 then Dim v = 0,
and blah there is no set that becomes the basis then v = ~ EXAMPLE Determine the basis
and dimension of the homogeneous SPL: X1 + 2x2 - x3 + x5 = 0 3x1 - x2 + x3 - x4 + x5 = 0
2x1 + x2 - 2x3 - x5 = 0 3x1 + x4 - x5 = 0 COMPLETION The complete matrix becomes: 1 2
-1 0 1 0 3 -1 1 -1 1 0 2 1 -2 0 -1 0 0 0 3 1 -1 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 1 -4/7 1/7 2/7 0 0 0 1 7/4 5/4 0 0 0
0 1 11/17 0 With OBE converted to Echelon Matrix as follows: Then we get the price x1 s / d
x5 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 = Where x5 is arbitrary
1.2 Purpose
1) know the definition of linear combination
2) know the linear combination equation
CHAPTER II
DESCRIPTION OF BOOK
1. Book 1
Title : Introduction to linear algebra with applications
Author : Jim Defranza
Isbn : 978–0–07–353235–6
Thickness Book : 509 Pages
2. Book 2
Title : Aljabar Linier Dasar
Author : Drs. Mahmud ‘Imrona, M.T.
Isbn : 978-602-241-155-0
Thickness Book : 168 Pages
Year : 2012
2.2 SUMMARY BOOK
Book 1
Linear CombinationsLet S = {v1, v2, . . . ,vk} be a set of vectors in _n, andlet c1, c2, . . . ,
ckbe scalars. An expression of the form
is called a linear combination of the vectors of S. Any vector v that can be writtenin this
form is also called a linear combination of the vectors of S.
: : :
can be written in matrix form as Ax = b, where A is the m × n coefficient matrix, xis the
vector in _n of variables, and b is the vector in _m of constants.
The linear system Ax = b is consistent if and only if the vector b can be expressedas a linear
combination of the column vectors of A. The linear system Ax = b is consistent if and only
if the vector b can be expressedas a linear combination of the column vectors of A.
Application :
W = (8,11,14), v1 = (4,5,6) and v2 = (-2, -2, -2)
Express W as a linear combination
Ex:
W = k1v1 + k2v2
(8,11,14) = k1 (4,5,6) + k2 (-2, -2, -2)
(8,11,14) = (4k1-2k2, 5k1-2k2, 6k1-2k2)
Obtained SPL
4k1-2k2 = 8 ... .. (1)
5k1-2k2 = 11 .... (2)
6k1-2k2 = 14 ... (3)
W = 3v1 + 2v2
Book 2
the linear combination is the sum of the product of the set of consecutive pairs (such as a vector
with a number (scalar) .These numbers are real numbers, but they can also be complex numbers
Formally, let V be a vector space, with elements v1, v2, v3,...,vn.whena1, a2, a3, ...,an is scalar if
w= ∑ anvnreferred to as a linear combination of the vectors in V. In this case,analso called
coefficients.
Vector V is said to be a linear combination of vectors v1, v2, ...,vn if w can be expressed as:
w = k1v1 + k2v2 + … + knvn , with k1,k2,…,kn is scalar.
THEOREM
The set of all linear combinations of any set of non-empty vectors of V is a subspace of V
Application
Consider the homogeneous equation Ax = 0. Show that if x1, x2, . . . ,xnare solutions
= c1(Ax1) + c2(Ax2)+・・・+cn(Axn)
= c10 + c20+・・・+cn0
=0
3.1 Conclusion
avector space V through field F, with vectors u1, u2, ..., un ∈ V. Any vector in V
(eg v ∈ V) which may be expressed in the form of: v = a1 u1 a2 u2 ... an un; dngai∈ F
is called a linear combination of vectors u1, u2, ..., un.
3.2 Suggestion
This book should be accompanied by images to make it more interesting and not
make the reader feel bored