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  • Lengua y Expresión Escrita 2 Summaries

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    7 vistas4 páginas

    Lengua y Expresión Escrita 2 Summaries

    Cargado por

    soldadodesleal
    grammar

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descargue como PDF o lea en línea desde Scribd
    Marcar por contenido inapropiado
    de 4
    Un t4 sum up Reorder these words and phrases to make the definition ofthe word summary. bt not / of something spoken a short account / the details / the imporant points / which gives / or writen ‘Which ofthe following could be described as types of summary? = news heaclines ~ in newspapers or on the radio or TV = the blurb on the back cover of 2 paperback novel = a short story na magazine = a newspaper account of 2 scientific report ~ an essay done by a schoo! or university student Summarizing an article 1 Read the article on the opposite page from the magazine Scientific American. Which of the following would make the best title for the article? | Archaeologists discover disease in ancient DNA | i ‘Mummies’ DNA reveals origins of ancient disease Lesimaniisorgraesinornace | 2 Reread the article. Highlight the key facts, then put brackets round unnecessary details. ‘The first paragraph is done for you as an example. 64 @>work and stuay ‘Think back to the lat time you read or wrote a summary: 12 What kind of summary was if Wy did you Tead oF wate the summary ~ an entry in a ary exacts from « long politcal speech ‘notes a student made while listening to ¢ lecture = a chapter in a schoo! textbook 2radio repor af a sporing event Did you know ...? ‘The substance we now call DNA wrae fst identities 1 1869 by the Swise biologist Johan Fatih ‘Miascher. Micscher described it as a waal acidic substanos in white blood cells In 1928, « Bits doctor called Franklin Gift discovered that genetic infontion oan be ‘ransferted from dead bacteria cells to ive ones, proving that genetic material (DNA) can survive oath 1m 1959, wo biologists, the American James ‘Weteon andl the Rnglishman Francie Cre, Aiscovered the structure of DNA To sum up Up it1 enturies of silence cannot keep ancient mummies fom Albert Zink of Lug Maximilans University in Munich Sharingthelr secrets with scientists From archaeologists _ and his colleagues tested the DNA of bone samples determining cultural practices chemists studying from 91 ancient Egyptian muramies and 70 from Nubia ‘embalming, mummies have revealed libraries of modern Sudan — to determine if they had suflered from leishmaniasis In 9 ofthe 70 Nubian mummies, taken from graves stretching a far back as AD SSD, ONA of the parasite was discovered, praving the disease was endemic atleast that far back, Ris highly probable that thas even ‘mare ancient origins: four af the Eguptian mummies caried ‘the parasite DNA, each dating from the Mile Kingdom period oF 2050 to 1550 BC when trade ties with Nubia were ‘strongest, Egyptian muramies from prior and later periods ‘showed no sign of the disease ‘information ]Now such In aeition to highlighting the old cultural ties between Egypt and Nubia i also adds further weight tothe theory that visceral ishraniasia fist developedin Nubia. And | the technique has been applies to other diseases, such as LN arma nnereeet aeae Leishmaniasis —a disease caused by microscopic parasites, can contribute toa better understanding of the evolution like malaria, and transmitted by sand fies —results in of infectious diseases and, thereby, toa more efficient painfal skin sores and, nits most viious form, causes &t treatment and control of those diseases; Zink says. The least $00,000 deaths wercwide every year. Todayitafects infections and viruses thet proved a curse toancient cammunitis in many parts of the word. The ethal form ‘mummies may yet provide a cure fr ancient scourges that | visceral leishmaniasis also known as black fever —is til plague humanity prticul‘ly prevalent in North fica, 3 Read this summary, which is a third of the length of the ori Complete a and b. 2 Does itindude all the key facts that you highlighted? Does it leave out all the unnecessary deta that you put in brackets? Fesearchers have discavered information about past diseases by analysing [DNA rom ancient mummies oday leishmaniasis, which causes $00,000 ‘deaths annually, is found inrmany parts ofthe word. The deadly type visceral leishmaniasis is found mainly in North fica ‘The researchers tested DNA ofbone trom Egyptian and Nubian mummies. They found leishmaniasis DNA in nine Nubian mummies from SSO AD, and in four Egyptian rammies from 2050 BC, when Egypt had strong trade links with Nubia, Egyptian mummies from before and after these dates showed no signs of visceral leishmaniasis. esearchers concluded that the disease developed in Nubia, This research should help us to understand the development of other diseases, and haw to control and tret ther, [116 words] Unllt14 7 sum up 4 In addition to leaving out unnecessary details, the summary also paraphrases some of the language in the original article. How have the following examples of original language been Focus on this, that, they, them and it ‘Words like tis, that, and pronouns (the, them) paraphrased in the summary? can be used to refer back, to avoid repettion and to make sure your summary reads fuenty and is no ust 2 sequence of disconnected sentences, evidence about the [seco rane 1 hat do the word and phases tas in hese tno fom he summary m Bete 3 eer? Le seaeau eee PE) | i ita ar a 2 ate ane rte es a ce ¢ This research should es 4 econo ane est tem The lethal form is particulaly prevalent in North afica Look at hese pais of sentences. n each pai the second centenceis disconnected from the fist. Change the secand sentence so thatt follows more fuer. {2 Malaria isan infectious disease, common in topical ‘and subtropical parts ofthe world, Malaria spread by female mosquitoes. Malai infects between 300 and 500 milion people every year and causes up f0 3 millon deaths. Mast deaths wich are caused by mela occur among young cir. Experts claim malaria a huge public health problem. Experts say malaria isa cause of poverty. @ wade tes wih Nubia ‘were strongest ieee his Plan 5 You are going to write your own summary of @ scientific article. Read this article, highlighting the key facts and putting brackets round unnecessary detail. i Jurassic ‘beaver’ is largest early mammal yet ‘A new fossil from China proves that the mammals that lived during the Jurassic era were more diverse | CChinese archaeologists led by Qiang Ii of Nanjing | than previous thought. The 164-milion-yeer-old Univesity found the wel preserved fos, including impressions of soft tissue andl fur in inner Mongol (Other fossils had hinted that mammals might not just hhave been small terrestrial creatures until the demise of the dinosaurs 65 milion years ago, but the beavertailed animal definitively pushes back the date of mammalian ‘adaptation to an aquatic lifestyle by atleast 100 milion years ‘Based on is relatively large size, wining body structure, and anterior molars specialized for fish feeding, Castorocauda was a semiaquatic camnivore, similar to the modern river otter’ the team writes in the paper announcing the find in today’ issue of Science. Creature, known as Castorocauda ltrasmiis had a ‘all like a beaver, the padding lbs of an otter, seal Ike teeth and probably webbed feet. And although ‘most Jurassic mammals discovered thus far were tiny shewike animals, C. lutrasimils would have weighed approximately a pound. Roughly the size of a small female platypus, its the largest manna from this tine period on record ‘The discovery aso highlights how lite is known about ‘early mammals, Most ae represented by teeth and jaws alone. ‘We stand at the threshold ofa dramatic change in the picture of mammalian evolutionary history ‘argues mammalagist Thomas Martin ofthe Senckenlberg Insttute in Frankfurt, Germany in an accompanying ‘commentary. The potential of fosstrich deposits in Liaoning Province in China ori Inner Mongolia is only just beginning to be exploited.” ce @workana sendy To sum up Unie1d 6 Write the key facts you have your own words, paraphrasing the original Tanguage where appropriate. ighlighted ir 7 Write a first draft of your summary in 90-100 words, using the paraphrased key facts you x selected from the original. Use pronouns and other reference words and phrases to ensure ‘that your summary reads smoothly. Check 8 Read your summary carefully, checking these points. = Does your summary inchide al the key fe you hihi? — Have you used your own words as far as possible by paraphrasing? — Have you combined information from the arl in

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