1

2
 DECLARATION
As a partial fulfillment of my BBA curriculum I have done survey
on ‟ COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON EMPLOYEE
MOTIVATION AT ICICI PRUDENCIAL LIFE INSURANCE
CORPORATION OF MIRZAPUR” . I have done my survey
program project at Mirzapur . The questionnaire was used as a
data collection instrument and both open ended and close
ended type of questions were used as per the requirement .
More details about the project are available in later part of this
report .

PRAGATI JAISWAL

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I sincerely want to thank all the people who helped me

throughout the procedure of my survey program.
I would also like to thank Mr. Bhuvaneshwar sir my supervisior
at GBAMS, was there for the guidance and she directed me
whenever I was in need of it . I am highly obliged for his
assistance .
I would also like to appreciate the help given by the all faculty of
G.B.A.M.S. for giving their valuable time and for sharing their
experience with us, with their valuable practical experience of
their working life,

4
CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION

The project work entitled a STUDY ON EMPLOYEE

MOTIVATION with special reference to ICICI Prudential Life
Insurance Corporation of Mirzapur; Thrissur is mainly
conducted to identify the factors which will motivate the
employees and the organizational functional of ICICI
Prudential Life Insurance Corporation of Mirzapur.

Management’s basic job is the effective utilization of human

resources for achievements of organizational objectives. The
personnel management is concerned with organizing human
resources in such a way to get maximum output to the
enterprise and to develop the talent of one person, in
organization context a manager, includes another, say an
employee, to engage in action by ensuring that a channel to
satisfy those needs and aspirations becomes available to the
person. In addition to this, the strong needs in a direction that is
satisfying to the latent needs in employees and harness them in
a manner that would be functional for the Employee motivation
is one of the major issues faced by every organization.

It is the major task of every manager to motivate his

subordinates or to create the ‘will to work among the
subordinates. It should also be remembered that a worker may
be immensely capable of doing some work; nothing can be
achieved if he is not willing to work. A manager has to
make appropriate use of motivation to enthuse the employees
to follow them. Hence this studies also focusing on the
employee motivation among the employees of ICICI Mirzapur.

5
The data needed for the study has been collected from the
employees through questionnaires and through direct
interviews. Analysis and interpretation has been done by using
the statistical tools and data’s are presented through tables and
charts.

6
RESEARCH PROBLEM

The research problem here in this study is associated with the

motivation of employees of
ICICI PRUDENTIAL LIFE INSURANCE CORPORATION OF
MIRZAPUR, Thrissur. There are a variety of factors that can
influence a person’s level of motivation; some of these factors
include⁞

1. The level of pay and benefits,

2. The perceived fairness of promotion system within a
company,
3. Quality of the working conditions,
4. Leadership and social relationships,
5. Employee recognition
6. Job security
7. career development opportunities etc.

Motivated employees are a great asset to any organisation. It is

because the motivation and Job satisfaction is clearly linked.
Hence this study is focusing on the employee motivation in the
organisation. The research problem is formulated as follows:
“What are the factors which help to motivate the
employees?

7
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study is intended to evaluate motivation of employees in

the organization. A good motivational program procedure is
essential to achieve goal of the organization. If efficient
motivational programmes of employees are made not only in
this particular organization but also any other organization; the
organizations can achieve the efficiency also to develop A
STUDY ON EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION develop a good
organizational culture.

Motivation has variety of effects. These effects may be seen in

the context of an individual’s physical and mental health,
productivity, absenteeism and turnover. Employee delight has
to be managed in more than one way.

The faster the organizations nurture their employees, the more

successful they will be. The challenge before HR managers
today is to delight their employees and nurture their
creativity to keep them a bloom.

This study helps the researcher to realize the importance of

effective employee motivation. This research study examines
types and levels of employee motivational programmes and
also discusses management ideas that can be utilized to
innovate employee motivation. It helps to provide insights to
support future research regarding strategic guidance for
organizations that are both providing and using
reward/recognition programs.

8
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1 Primary objective

1. To study the important factors which are needed to motivate

the employees.

2 Secondary Objective.

1. To study the effect of monetary and non-monetary benefits

provided by the
organization on the employee’s performance.
2. To study the effect of job promotions on employees.
3. To learn the employee’s satisfaction on the interpersonal
relationship exists in the
organization.

9
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
A hypothesis is a preliminary or tentative explanation or postulate
by the researcher of what the researcher considers the outcome of
an investigation will be. Itis an informed/educated guess. It indicates
the expectations of the researcher regarding certain variables. It is
the most specific way in which an answer to a problem can be
stated.

Research hypotheses are the specific testable predictions made

about the independent and dependent variables in the study.
Hypotheses are couched in terms of the particular
the study. The research hypothesis of this study is as follows.

Ho: There is no significant relationship between incentives and

employee’s performance.
Ho: There is no significant relationship between career
development opportunities extent of employee motivation
Ho: There is no significant relationship between performance
appraisal system and the
extent of motivation.
Ho: There is no significant relationship between interpersonal
relationship in the
Organization.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.

Research is a systematic method of finding solutions to

problems. It is essentially an investigation, a recording and an
analysis of evidence for the purpose of gaining knowledge.
According to Clifford woody, “research comprises of defining and
redefining problem, formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions,
collecting, organizing and evaluating data, reaching conclusions,
testing conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulated
hypothesis”

10
1, Sampling Design.

A sample design is a finite plan for obtaining a sample from a given

population. Simple
random sampling is used for this study.

2, Universe.

The universe chooses for the research study is the employees of

ICICI.

3, Sample Size.
Number of the sampling units selected from the population is called
the size of the sample. Sample of 20 respondents were obtained
from the population.

4 ,Sampling Procedure.

The procedure adopted in the present study is probability sampling,

which is also known aschance sampling. Under this sampling
design, every item of the frame has an equal chance
of inclusion in the sample

5, Methods of Data Collection.

The data’s were collected through Primary and secondary sources .

Primary Sources.
The primary sources are discussion with employees, data’s
collected through questionnaire.

Secondary Sources.
secondary data mainly consists of data and information collected
from records, company websites and also discussion with the
management of the organization. Secondary data was also
collected from journals, magazines and books.

•Questionnaire.

11
A well defined questionnaire that is used effectively can gather
information on both overall performance of the test system as well
as information on specific components of the system.
A defeated questionnaire was carefully prepared and specially
numbered. The questions were arranged in proper order, in
accordance with the relevance.

Nature of Questions Asked.

The questionnaire consists of open ended, dichotomous, rating and
ranking questions.

Pre-testing

A pre-testing of questionnaire was conducted with 10

questionnaires, which were distributed and all of them were
collected back as completed questionnaire. On the basis of doubts
raised by the respondents the questionnaire was redialed to its
present form.

Sample

A finite subset of population, selected from it with the objective of

investigating its properties called a sample. A sample is a
representative part of the population. A sample Of 20 respondents
in total has been randomly selected. The response to various
elements under each questions were totaled for the purpose of
various statistical testing.

Variables of the Study

The direct variable of the study is the employee motivation

.Variables are the interpersonal relation,Incentives and
Performance appraisal.

Presentation of Data.

The data are presented through charts and tables.

12
 CHAPTER -2

INSURANCE INDUSTRY PROFILE

INTRODUCTION

The economic reforms initiated in the early 90s paved

the way for the growth and opening up of the
financial sector, which led to a sustained period of
economic growth. The insurance industry was opened up
for private players in 2000, and has seen tremendous
growth over the past decade with the entry of global
insurance majors. India is fast emerging as one of
the world’s most dynamic insurance markets with
significant untapped potential.

The insurance sector plays a critical role in a

country’s economic development. It acts as a
mobilizer of savings, a financial intermediary, a
promoter of investment activities, a stabilizer
of financial markets and a risk manager. The
life insurance sector plays an important role
in providing risk cover, investment and tax
planning for individuals; the non-life
insurance industry provides a risk cover for
assets. Health insurance and pension systems
are fundamental to protecting individuals
against the hazards of life, and India, as the
second-most populous nation in the world,
offers significant potential for that type of
cover. Furthermore, fire and liability insurance
are essential for corporations to safeguard

13
infrastructure projects and investment risks. Private
insurance systems complement social security systems
and add value by matching risk with price.
India is prone to natural catastrophes of one
or other kind, the insurance cover to mitigate
the negative financial consequences of these
adverse events is still underdeveloped, leading
to significant untapped potential in various
segments of themarket. The same is true for
both pension and health insurance, where
insurers can play a critical role in bridging
demand and supply gaps. The major changes in
both national economic policies and insurance
regulations will highlight the prospects of
these segments going forward. Appropriate risk
pricing is one of the most powerful tools for
setting the right incentives for the allocation
of resources, a feature which is the key to a
fast-developing country such as India.

MEANING OF INSURANCE
The Basic Principle of “Insurance” is to reduce
risk and to provide Certainty and Security
against uncertainty. It eliminates risk but
compensates loss.
There is no end of risk and therefore, no limit
of loss, death will forge, fire will consume
and accident shall occur, loss from the
incident can only be lessened but cannot be
avoided, insurance has nothing to do with their
occurrences but may reduce the loss had the

14
incident occurred, by spreading the total loss
amongst the community of insured, insurance is
thus a device to remove the economic
consequence of uncertainty. From the point of
view of Economists, by diminution of risks
insurance evolves an increase in wealth. It
lessens social cost of risk, gives tranquillity
and cheerfulness to extensive trades
(Bhattacharya, 1954)
DEFINITIONS
"The act or system of insuring against death; a
contract by which the insurer undertakes, in
consideration of the payment of a premium
(usually at stated periods), to pay a
stipulated sum in the event of the death of the
insured or of a third person in whose life the
insured has an interest."
"Insurance paid to named beneficiaries when the
insured person dies; 'in England they call life insurance
life assurance”
Poter Hary
CHARACTERISTICS OF INSURANCE

Risk
Today, Insurance is one of the most effective methods found by man
as a way of dealing with risk, against uncertainty. A family is
generally dependent for its food, clothing and shelter on the income
brought in at regular intervals by the bread winner of the family. So
as long as the person lives and the income is received steadily, that

15
family is secure, but should death or any sort of misshapenness
suddenly intervene, the family may be left in very bad financial loss
arising from occurring of any unwanted situation and insurance
substitutes for this uncertainty by certainty.

Contract
Insurance is a contract where by the insurer pays the financial losses
suffered by the insured as a result of the occurrence of certain
unforeseen events in return for the payment of premium as
consideration by the insured, the party which promises to indemnify
the loss is called 'Insurer'. The person or the property subject to risk
is called 'Insured'. The agreement providing for insurance is called
Insurance Policy. So Insurance is process in which many who are
equally exposed to same risk share losses of few.

Socio Economic
A life insurance Problem is a Socio - economic Problem. It concerns
human he has social bearing on others. He earns for himself as well
as for his dependants. Thus, there exists a relationship of love and
affection as well as a financial obligation among the family members
and the bread winner. A premature Physical or economic death of
the bread winner ceasing his earning capacity may cause financial
crisis to the bereaved family.

Security

A family generally depends for its food, clothing and shelter on the
income of the bread winner. As long as he lives and earns, the family
is secure, but should death occur all on a sudden, the family will be
lefty in misery and stark Poverty.

16
COMPANY PROFILE
ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Ltd. (ICICI
Prudential Life) is a joint venture between ICICI
Bank Ltd., one of India's largest private sector
banks, and Prudential Corporation Holdings Limited.
ICICI Prudential Life began its operations in fiscal
year 2001 and has consistently been amongst the top
players* in the Indian life insurance sector. Our
Assets Under Management (AUM) as on 31st March 2018
were `1,395.3 billion.
At ICICI Prudential Life, we operate on the core
philosophy of customer centricity. We offer long term
savings and protecon products to meet different life
stage requirements of our customers. We have
developed and implemented various initiatives to
provide cost-effective products, superior quality
services, consistent fund performance and a hassle-
free claim settlement experience to our customers.
In FY2015 ICICI Prudential Life became the first
private life insurer to attain assets under
management of `1 trillion. ICICI Prudential Life is
also the first insurance company in India to be
listed on NSE and BSE.
ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Ltd. (ICICI
Prudential Life) is a joint venture between ICICI
Bank Ltd., one of India's largest private sector
banks, and Prudential Corporation Holdings Limited.
ICICI Prudential Life began its operations in fiscal
year 2001 and has consistently been amongst the top
players* in the Indian life insurance sector. Our
Assets Under Management (AUM) as on 31st March 2018
were `1,395.3 billion.
At ICICI Prudential Life, we operate on the core
philosophy of customer centricity. We offer long term
savings and protection products to meet different
life stage requirements of our customers. We have
developed and implemented various initiatives to
provide cost-effective products, superior quality

17
services, consistent fund performance and a hassle-
free claim settlement experience to our customers.

18
 In FY2015 ICICI Prudential Life became the first
private life insurer to attain assets under
management of `1 trillion. ICICI Prudential Life is
also the first insurance company in India to be
listed on NSE and BSE..

Values
The success of the company will be founded in
its unflinching commitment to 5 core values -
Integrity, Customer First, Boundaryless,
Humility and Passion. Each of the values
describes what the company stands for, the
qualities of our people and the way we work.
Every member of the ICICI Prudential team is
committed to the 5 core values and these values
shine forth in all that we do.
 Boundaryless: I will treat organisation agenda
as paramount
 Integrity: What I do when nobody is watching me
 Humility: Openness to change and learn
 Customer First: Service excellence towards
Internal and External Customers

ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited (herein referred

as “the Company”) is committed to adopting the highest business,
governance, ethical and legal standards. To aid in achieving this
objective, the Company has formulated several policies and
guidelines that assist the employees in maintaining these high
standards. The Company also employs s

The Policy complies with the requirements of the vigil mechanism

as envisaged by the Companies Act, 2013 and the rules framed
there under.

19
. Definitions ‒

Audit Committee

Audit Committee (“the Committee”) constituted by the Board

of Directors of the Company .

Employee

An employee is every bonafide employee currently in the

employment of the Company. For the purpose of this policy
employee includes directors of the company.

Head-Internal Audit Department (Head-IAD)

An official in the grade of Vice President and above designated as

Head of Internal Audit of the Company.

Retaliation/Victimisation

Retaliation is any act, direct or indirect, recommended, threatened

or taken against a Whistle Blower by any person because the
Whistle Blower has made a disclosure pursuant to the Policy.
Retaliation includes overt/covert acts of:
discrimination
reprisal
harassment
vengeance

Whistle Blower

A Whistle Blower means any employee who raises a concern in

accordance with this policy.

Whistle Blowing ‘Concern’ or ‘Complaint’

20
Whistle blowing (also referred to as 'complaint' or 'concern') can be
described as attracting management's attention to information
about potentially illegal and/or unacceptable practices.

Employees can raise concerns/issues, if any, which they have on

the following or possibilities/apprehensions of:
Breach of any law, statute or regulation by the Company
Issues related to accounting policies and procedures adopted for
any area or item
Acts resulting in financial loss or loss of reputation
Misuse of office, suspected/actual fraud and criminal offences
Non-compliance to Anti-bribery & anti-corruption policy

21
Working Directors and Executive Vice President

Working Directors mean any whole time directors of the Company.

Executive Vice President mean any official in the level of 12 in the
Company.

22
Administration of policy
Head-IAD, upon receipt of the concern or complaint shall
immediately set in motion appropriate action to inquire into the
matter. Head-IAD shall report to the subsequent quarterly Audit
Committee meeting, details of the concerns received (without
editing them). Head-IAD shall also update the Audit Committee on
the status of inquiry and actions. Further action shall be taken by
Head-IAD based on the Audit Committee’s directions and guidance,
if any.

2. Inquiry into the concerns received under this policy shall normally
be completed within 90 days of receipt of the concern by Head-IAD.
Concerns requiring additional time for inquiry shall be intimated to
the Audit Committee at the time of reporting the status of inquiry
and actions on a quarterly basis. Once the inquiry is completed,
Head-IAD shall communicate the actions to be taken, if any, by
respective groups within the Company and track closure of such
actions. A concern shall be kept open until such actions are
initiated/completed.

3 .The concern shall be deemed as closed upon conclusion of the

inquiry and disciplinaryaction, recovery proceedings, initiation of
external legal proceedings, or reporting as required by extant
policies, after which the concern shall be reported as closed to
subsequent quarterly Audit Committee meeting.

4.The status of all concerns which are open shall be reported to the
Audit Committee by Head-IAD on a quarterly basis. Concerns which
were closed during the preceding quarter shall also be informed to
the Audit Committee along with relevant details.

5 .Head-IAD shall lay down operating guidelines for handling the

disclosures, investigations, record retention, communication,
process of reporting of actions taken etc. The operating guidelines
will be updated to the Audit Committee.

23
Protection to Employees
Protection to employees and prevention against retaliation, victimisation
or harassment of employees raising any concern under the Policy
Any employee who makes a disclosure or raises a concern under the
Policy will be protected, if the employee:

Discloses the information in good faith

Believes it to be substantially true
Does not act maliciously nor makes false allegations and
Does not seek any personal or financial gain .

24
 CHAPTER - 3

LITERATURE REVIEW

Rensis Likerthas called motivation as the core of management.

Motivation is the core of management. Motivation is an effective
instrument in the hands of the management in inspiring the work
force .It is the major task of every manager to motivate his
subordinate or to create the will to work among the subordinates .It
should also be remembered that the worker may be immensely
capable of doing some work, nothing can be achieved if he is not
willing to work .creation of a will to work is motivation in simple but
true sense of term.

Motivation is an important function which very manager

performs for actuating the people .Issuance of well conceived
instructions and orders does not mean that they will be followed
.A manager has to make appropriate use of motivation to
enthuse the employees to follow them.

In order to motivate workers to work for the organizational

goals, the managers must determine the motives or needs of
the workers and provide an environment in which
appropriate incentives are available for their satisfaction .If the
management is successful in doing so; it will also be successful
in increasing the willingness of the workers to work. This
will increase efficiency and effectiveness of the organization
.There will be better utilization of resources and workers
abilities and capacities.

25
The concept of motivation

The word motivation has been derived from motive which

means any idea, need or emotion that prompts a man in to
action. Whatever may be the behavior of man, there is some
stimulus behind it .Stimulus is dependent upon the motive of
the person concerned. Motive can be known by studying his
needs and desires.

There is no universal theory that can explain the factors

influencing motives which control mans behavior at any
particular point of time. In general, the different motives operate
at different times among different people and influence their
behaviors. The process of motivation studies the motives of
individuals which cause different type of behavior.

Definition of Motivation.

According to Edwin B Flippo, “Motivation is the process of

attempting to influence others to do their work through the
possibility of gain or reward.

26
Significance of Motivation
Motivation involves getting the members of the group to pull
weight effectively, to give their loyalty to the group, to carry out
properly the purpose of the organization. The following results
may be expected if the employees are properly motivated.
1. The workforce will be better satisfied if the management
provides them with opportunities to fulfill their physiological and
psychological needs. The workers will cooperate voluntarily
with the management and will contribute their maximum
towards the goals of the enterprise.
2. Workers will tend to be as efficient as possible by improving
upon their skills and knowledge so that they are able to
contribute to the progress of the organization. This will also
result in increased productivity.
3. The rates of labor’s turnover and absenteeism among the
workers will be low.

27
.
Motivation Process.

1. Identification of need
2. Tension
3. Course of action
4. Result –Positive/Negative
5. Feed back

Theories of Motivation.

• McClelland’s Achievement Need Theory.

According to McClelland’s there are three types of needs;

•Need for Achievement

This need is the strongest and lasting motivating factor. Particularly

in case of persons who satisfy the other needs. They are constantly
pre occupied with a desire for improvement and lack for situation in
which successful outcomes are directly correlated with their efforts.
They set more difficult but achievable goals for themselves because
success with easily achievable goals hardly provides a sense of
achievement.

•Need for Power

It is the desire to control the behavior of the other people and to

manipulate the surroundings. Power motivations positive
applications results in domestic leadership style, while it negative
application tends autocratic style.

•Need for affiliation

It is the related to social needs and creates friendship. This results

in formation of informal groups or social circle.

28
Behavioral Modification Theory ▬

According to this theory people behavior is the outcome of

favorable and unfavorable past circumstances. This theory is based
on learning theory. Skinner conducted his researches among rats
and school children. He found that stimulus for desirable behavior
could be strengthened by rewarding it at the earliest. In the
industrial situation, this relevance of this theory may be found in the
installation of financial and non financial incentives.
More immediate is the reward and stimulation or it motivates it.
Withdrawal of reward incase of low standard work may also
produce the desired result. However, researches show
that it is generally more effective to reward desired behavior than to
punish undesired behavior.

29
Abraham H Maslow Need Hierarchy or Deficient theory
of Motivation.

The intellectual basis for most of motivation thinking has been

provided by behavioral scientists, A.H Maslow and Frederick
Heizberg, whose published works are the “Bible of Motivation”.
Although Maslow himself did not apply his theory to industrial
wide impact for beyond academic circles. Douglous Mac Gregorhas
used Maslow’s theory to interpret specific problems in personnel
administration and industrial relations.

The crux of Maslow’s theory is that human needs are arranged in

hierarchy composed of five categories. The lowest level needs are
physiological and the highest levels are the self actualization needs.
Maslow starts with the formation that man is a wanting animal with
a hierarchy of needs of which some are lower ins scale and some
are in a higher scale or system of values. As the lower needs are
satisfied, higher needs emerge. Higher needs cannot be satisfied
unless lower needs are fulfilled. A satisfied need is not a motivator.
This resembles the standard economic theory of diminishing
returns. The hierarchy of needs at work in the individual is today a
routine tool of personnel trade and when these needs are
active, they act as powerful conditioners of behavior- as Motivators.

Hierarchy of needs; the main needs of men are five. They are
physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, ego needs and self
actualization needs, . The above five basic needs are regarded as
striving needs which make a person do things. The first model
indicates the ranking of different needs. The second is more helpful
in indicating how the satisfaction of the higher needs is based on
the satisfaction of lower needs. It also shows how the number of
person who has experienced the fulfillment of the
higher needs gradually tapers off.

Physiological or Body Needs: - The individual move up the

ladder responding first to the

30
physiological needs for nourishment, clothing and shelter.

Safety: The individual want to assured, once his

bodily needs are satisfied, that they are secure and will continue to
be satisfied for foreseeable feature. The safety needs may take the
form of job security, security against disease, misfortune, old age
etc as also against industrial injury. Such needs are generally met
by safety laws, measure of social security, protective labor laws and
collective agreements.

SELF -
ACTUALIZATION

EGO NEEDS

SOCIAL NEEDS

SAFETY NEEDS

PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS

The above five basic needs are regarded as striving needs

which make a person do things.The first model indicates the
ranking of different needs. The second is more helpful in
indicating how the satisfaction of the higher needs is based on
the satisfaction of lower experienced the fulfillment of the
higher needs gradually tapers off.

31
• Physiological or Body Needs: - The individual move up
the ladder responding first to the physiological needs for
nourishment, clothing and shelter. These physical needs must
be equated with pay rate, pay practices and to an extent with
physical condition of the job.

•Safety: - The next in order of needs is safety needs, the need

to be free from danger, either from other people or from
environment. The individual want to assured, once his bodily
needs are satisfied, that they are secure and will continue to be
satisfied for foreseeable feature. The safety needs may take
the form of job security, security against disease,
misfortune, old age etc as also against industrial injury. Such
needs are generally met by safety laws, measure of social
security, protective labor laws and collective agreements.

• Social needs: - Going up the scale of needs the individual

feels the desire to work in a cohesive group and develop a
sense of belonging and identification with a group. He feels
the need to love and be loved and the need to belong and be
identified with a group. In a large organization it is not easy to
build up social relations. However close relationship can
be built up with at least some fellow workers. Every employee
wants too feel that he is wanted or accepted and that he is not
an alien facing a hostile group.

• Ego or Esteem Needs: - These needs are reflected in our

desire for status and recognition, respect and prestige in the
work group or work place such as is conferred by the
of ones merit by promotion, by participation in management
and by fulfillment of workers urge for self expression. Some of
the needs relate to ones estern e.g.; need for achievement, self
knowledge, competence etc. On the job, this means praise for
a job but more important it means a feeling by employee that at

32
all times he has the respect of his supervisor as a person and
as a contributor to the organizational goals.

Self realization or Actualization needs: - This upper level

need is one which when satisfied provide insights to support
future research regarding strategic guidance for organization
that are both providing and using reward/recognition programs
makes the environment. He becomes growth oriented, self
oriented, directed, detached and creative. This need reflects a
state defined in terms of the extent to which an individual
attains his personnel goal. This is the need which totally lies
within oneself and there is no demand from any external
situation or person.

33
Adams Equity Theory

Employee compares her/his job inputs outcome ratio with that of

reference. If the employee perceives inequity, she/he will act to
correct the inequity: lower productivity, reduced quality, increased
absenteeism, voluntary resignation.

Vroom Expectation Theory Vroom’s theory is based on the

belief that employee effort will lead to performance and performance will
lead to rewards (Vroom, 1964). Reward may be either positive or
negative.The more positive the reward the more likely the employee will
be highly motivated. Conversely, the more negative the reward the less
likely the employee will be motivated.

Two Factor Theory

Douglas McGregor introduced the theory with the help of two views; X
assumptions are conservative in style Assumptions are modern in style.

X Theory
Individuals inherently dislike work.
People must be coerced or controlled to do work to achieve the
objectives.
People prefer to be directed

Y Theory
People view work as being as natural as play and rest
People will exercise self direction and control towards achieving
objectives they are committed to
People learn to accept and seek responsibility.

34
Types of Motivation.

Intrinsic motivation occurs when people are internally motivated to

do something because it either brings them pleasure, they think it is
important, or they feel that what they are learning is morally
significant. Extrinsic motivation comes into play when a student is
compelled to do something or act certain way because of factors
external to him or her .
Motivation can be devided in two parts it may be positive or
negative .

Its depents on management . that which type of motivation

technique used by them . for motivating their Employees .

35
Incentives ▬
An incentive is something which stimulates a person towards
some goal. It activates human needs and creates the desire to work.
Thus, an incentive is a means of motivation. In organizations, increase in
incentive leads to better performance and vice versa.

Need for Incentives

Man is a wanting animal. He continues to want something or other. He is

never fully satisfied. If one need is satisfied, the other need need arises.
In order to motivate the employees, the management should try to
satisfy their needs. For this purpose, both financial and non financial
incentives may be used by the management to motivate the workers.
Financial incentives or motivators are those which are associated with
money. They include wages and salaries, fringe benefits, bonus,
retirement benefits etc. Non financial motivators are those which are not
associated with monetary rewards. They include intangible incentives
like ego-satisfaction, self-actualization and responsibility.

INCENTIVES

Financial Incentives Non-financial incentives

- Wages and Salaries. - Competition
- Bonus - Group recognition
- Medical reimbursement - Job security
- Insurance - Praise
- Housing facility - Knowledge of result
- Retirement benefits. - Workers participation.
- Suggestion system.
- Opportunities for growth

Motivation is the key to performance improvement

There is an old saying you can take a horse to the water but you cannot
force it to drink; it will drink only if it's thirsty - so with people. They will do
what they want to do or otherwise motivated to do. Whether it is to excel
on the workshop floor or in the 'ivory tower' they must be motivated or
driven to it, either by themselves or through external stimulus. Are they
born with the self-motivation or drive? Yes and no. If no, they can be

36
motivated, Performance is considered to be a function of ability and
motivation, thus:

 job Performance= f(ability)(motivation)

Ability in turn depends on education, experience and training and its

improvement is a slow and long process. On the other hand motivation
can be improved quickly. There are many options and an uninitiated
manager may not even know where to start. As a guideline, there are
broadly seven strategies for motivation.

There are broadly seven strategies for motivation.

Positive reinforcement / high expectations

Effective discipline and punishment
Treating people fairly
Satisfying employees needs
Setting work related goals
Restructuring jobs
Base rewards on job performance
Essentially, there is a gap between an individual’s actual state and some
desired state and the manager tries to reduce this gap. Motivation is, in
effect, a means to reduce and manipulate this gain.

37
 CHAPTER-4

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

Q.N.1
Response about the support from the HR department

SL. PERTICULAR NO. OF

NO. RESPONDENDS PERCENTAGES
1 Highly satisfied 7 35

2 Satisfied 11 55

3 Neutral 2 10

4 Dissatisfied 0 0

5 Highly Dissatisfied 0 0

TOTAL 20 100

38
 60

50

40

30

20

10

0
HIGHLY SATISFIED NEUTRAL DISSATIFIED HIGHLY
SATISFIED DISSATISFIED

INTERPRETATION

The table shows that 55% of the respondents are satisfied with the
support they are getting from the HR department

39
Q.N.2
.
Management is interested in motivating the employees

SL. PARTICULARS NO. OF PERCENTAGE

N0. RESPONDEDS
1 Strongly Agree 11 55
2 Agree 8 40
3 Neutral 1 5
4 Disagree 0 0
5 Strongly 0 0
Disagree
Total 20 100

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Strongly Agree Agree neutral Disagree Sttrongly Disagree

INTERPRETATION

The table shows that 54% of the respondents are strongly agreeing that
the management is interested in motivating the employees.

40
 Q.N.3
The type of incentives motivates you more
SL. NO. PARTICULAR NO.OF PERCENTAGE
RESPONDEDS
1 Financial incentives 6 30
2 Non financial incentives 4 20
3 Both 11 50
Total 20 100

60

50

40

Series 3
30
Series 2

20 Series 1

10

0
financial incentives Non financial both
incentives

INTERPRETATION

The table shows that 50% of the respondents are expressing that both
financial and non financial incentives will equally motivate.

41
Q.N.4
Satisfaction with the present incentives scheme

SL.NO. PARTICULAR NO. OF PERCENTAGE

RESPONDEDS
1 Highly 7 35
Satisfied
2 Satisfied 11 55
3 Neutral 2 10
4 Dissatisfied 0 0
5 Highly 0 0
dissatisfied
Total 20 100

60

50

40

Series 3
30
Series 2

20 Series 1

10

0
highly satisfied satisfied neutral dissatisfied highly
dissatisfied

INTERPRETATION

The table shows that 55% of the respondents are satisfied with the
present incentive scheme of the organization.

42
Q.N.5
The company is eagerness in recognizing and
acknowledging employee’s work

SL. PARTICULAR NO. OF PERCENTAGE

NO. RESPONDEDS
1 Strongly Agree 9 45
2 Agree 11 55
3 Neutral 0 0
4 Disagree 0 0
5 Strongly 0 0
Disagree
TOTAL 20 100

60

50

40

Series 3
30
Series 2

20 Series 1

10

0
highly satisfied satisfied neutral dissatisfied strongly
dissatisfied

INTERPRETATION From the study, 55 %of employees agreed that

the company is eager in recognizing and acknowledging their work,
45% strongly agreed response.

43
Q.N.6
Periodical increase in salary

SL. PARTICULAR NO. OF PERCENTAGE

NO. RESPONDEDS
1 Strongly Agree 5 25
2 Agree 9 45
3 Neutral 1 5
4 Disagree 4 20
5 Strongly 1 5
Disagree
Total 20 100

50

45

40

35

30
Series 3
25
Series 2
20
Series 1
15

10

0
Category 1 agree neutral disagree strongly
disagree

INTERPRETATION

The table shows 45% of employees agree that there is a periodical

increase in the salary

44
Q.N.7

Job Security existing in the company

SL. PARTICULAR NO. OF PERCENTAGE
NO. RESPONDEDS
1 Strongly Agree 8 40
2 Agree 6 30
3 Neutral 1 5
4 Disagree 2 10
5 Strongly Disagree 3 15
Total 20 100

45

40

35

30

25
Series 3
20 Series 2

15 Series 1

10

0
strongly agree agree neutral disagree strongly
disagree

INTERPRETATION

The table shows 40 % of employees strongly agree with good job

security exist in the company.

45
Q.N. 8
Factors which motivates you the most.

SL. NO. PERTICULAR NO. OF PERCENTAGE

RESPONDENT

1 Salary Increase 9 45

2 Promotion 6 30
3 Leave 1 5
4 Motivational Talk 2 10
5 Recognition 2 10
Total 20 100

50

45

40

35

30
Series 3
25
Series 2
20
Series 1
15

10

0
Category 1 promotion leave Motivational Recognition
Talk

46
INTERPRETATION
The table shows that the 45% of the respondent is responding that
increase in salary will motivate them the most.

Q. N.9

Incentives and other benefits will influence your performance

SL. PERTICULA NO. OF PERCENTAG

NO R RESPONDENT E
. S
1 Influence 13 65
2 Does not 4 20
Influence
3 No action 3 15
Total 20 100

70

60

50

40 Series 3
Series 2
30
Series 1

20

10

0
Category 1 Does not influence No Action

INTERPRETATION

The table shows 65% of the respondents responded that incentives and
other benefits will influence their performance

47
Q.N.10

Management involves you in decision making which are

connected to your department

SL PARTICUL NO. OF PERCENTA

. AR RESPONDEN GE
NO TS
.
1 Yes 19 95
2 No 0 0
3 Occasionall 1 5
y
Total 20 100

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Yes No Occasionally

48
INTERPRETATION

The table shows 94% of the respondents agree that they the
Management involve them in decision making which are connected to
your department.

49
 CHAPTER - 5

SUMMARY

This document aims at providing employees and management

members with the information that can be beneficial both personally
and professionally. Every business enterprise has multiple
objectives including of adequate profit for payment of a reasonable
rate of return to the owners and for investment in business through
satisfaction of customers, maintenance of a contended workforce
and creation of a public image. The basic job of management of any
business is the effective utilization of available human resources,
technological, financial and physical resources for the achievement
of the business objectives. This project entitled as “Employee
motivation” was done to find out the factors which will
motivate the employees. The study undertakes various efforts to
analyze all of them in great details. The researcher in this project at
the outset gives the clear idea of the entire department existing in
the company. From the study, the research to find some of
the important factors which motivate the employees. Factors like
financial incentives and non financial inventive, performance
appraisal system, good relationship with co-workers,
promotional opportunities in the present job, employee participation
in decision making are very much effect the level employee
motivation. It is also clear from the study that the company is so
eager in motivating their employees and their present effort for it so
far effective.

The human resources can play an important role in the realization

of the objectives. Employees work in the organization for the
satisfaction of their needs. If the human resources are not properly
motivated, the management will not be able to accomplish the
desired results. Therefore, human resources should be managed
with utmost care to inspire, encourage and impel them to contribute
their maximum for the achievement of the business objectives.

50
 FINDINGS

The findings of the study are follows▬

The ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Corporation of Mirzapur has a well

defined organization structure.

The employees are really motivated by the management.

The employees are satisfied with the present incentive plan of the
company.

The study reveals that there is a good relationship exists among

employees.

Majority of the employees agreed that there job security to their

present job.

The company is providing good safety measures for ensuring the

employees safety.

The study reveals that increase in the salary will motivates the
employees more.

The incentives and other benefits will influence the performance of the
employees.

51
 SUGGESTIONS

The suggestions for the findings from the study are follows‒‒

Most of the employees agree that the performance appraisal activities

are helpful to get motivated, so the company should try to improve
performance appraisal system, so that they can improve their
performance.

Non financial incentive plans should also be implemented; it can

improve the productivity level of the employees.

Organization should give importance to communication between

employees and gain co-ordination through it.

Better carrier development opportunities should be given to the

employees for their improvement.

If the centralized system of management is changed to a decentralized

one, then there would be active and committed participation of staff for
the success of the organization

52
 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The limitations of the study are the following▬

The data was collected through questionnaire. The responds from the
respondents may not be accurate.

The sample taken for the study was only 20 and the results drawn may
not be accurate.

Since the organization has strict control, it acts as another barrier for
getting data.

Another difficulty was very limited time-span of the project.

53
 CONCLUSION

The study concludes that, the motivational program procedure in ICICI

Prudential Life Insurance Corporation of Mirzapur is found effective but
not highly effective. The study on employee motivation highlighted so
many factors which will help to motivate the employees. The study was
conducted among 20 employees and collected information through
structured questionnaire. The study helped to findings which were
related with employee motivational programs which are provided in the
organization.

The performance appraisal activities really play a major role in

motivating the employees of the organization. It is a major factor that
makes an employee feels good in his work and results in his satisfaction
too. The organization can still concentrate on specific areas which
are evolved from this study in order to make the motivational programs
more effective. Only if the employees are properly motivated- they work
well and only if they work well the organization is going to benefit out it.
Steps should be taken to improve the motivational programs procedure
in the future. The suggestions of this report may help in this direction.

54
SCOPE FOR FUTURE RESEARCH ▬

The present study on employee motivation helps to get clear picture

about the factors which motivates the employees. This in turn helps the
management to formulate suitable policy to motivate the employees.
Hence, the motivational level of the employees may also change.

The factors that motivate the employees may change with change in
time because the needs of employees too change with change in time
.Only with a competent work force an organization can achieve its
objective. Moreover, human resource is the most valuable asset to any
organization. A further study with in dept analysis to know to what extent
these factors motivate the employees is required.

55
BIBLIOGRAPHY-

BOOKS-

• Dr. Guptha C. Human Resource Management , Sultan Chand And

Sons ,New Delhi 2004.

• Rakesh Chopre, Human Resource Management U.K. Publishing 2

edition New Delhi 2004.

•Kothari C.R. Research Methodology , New Age International Private

Ltd. New Delhi 2004.

WEBSITE-

•www,wikipedia.com

•www.google .com

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