Active Cell phone detector

In our day to day life the usage of mobile phones has been increased in restricted area such as
exam venues, places of important meeting, offices, conference halls, prison etc. and the hidden
wireless camera in trial rooms and hotels, public toilets. The radio frequency signals are
transmitted from wireless camera and mobile phone during the video transmission, incoming
call and outgoing call, text messages from one gadget to another. The detector will detect the
transmitted signal and then it is gives as input to AT mega 8 microcontroller. As soon as the
Arduino microcontroller receives the signal, it will turn ON the beep alarm and the information
will be displayed on the LCD display and also sends the message like mobile detected with
location, room number etc. to the mobile number stored in the microcontroller by using the
GSM module. This system will be used to detect the mobile phones and the wireless hidden
camera present in a room by the radio frequency signals which are transmitted by them.
In recent years, there has been increasing issues relating to the use of mobile phones
and camera in restricted areas. The mobile phone provides many ways for a student to cheat in
an examination hall. The mobile phones are strictly prohibited inside the examination rooms.
One of the existing approaches is to ensure the students are free of mobile phones in
examination hall is by manual inspection in the entrance. Manual inspection cannot fully reveal
the students having mobile phones all the time. These devices will ensures the connectivity
between a student sitting inside the hall and outsiders have been considerably increased a
burden to invigilators to ensure that malpractices are not committed during exams.
 A student may constantly communicate with other students outside the examination
hall via Email and text messages. They can exchange information such as question and answer
through whatsapp, Email attachments etc. By using a mobile camera a student can take the
snap shot of the question paper and send to other students for help. Sometimes there are more
possibilities for leaking the question papers. Nowadays mobile has internet connectivity so that
a student can post questions in online and gets quick response and in addition they can search
for answers in search engines. The storage capacity in the mobile offers students to store lecture
notes, books and other unauthorized materials that are related to the exam. Many applications
installed in mobile phone allow a student to commit cheating, application such a scientific
calculator, dictionary etc. as the technology keeps on advancing, the students also get access to
those technologies to commit cheating. The hidden wireless cameras, eavesdropping
microphones etc. which are used in an illegal way in areas like trial rooms, hotels, and in places
of important meetings. So there is need for the detection of signals which are emitted from the
hidden wireless camera, microphones, mobile phone. Here we try to prohibit the unauthorized
use of mobile phones by using a detector, that sense the presence of an activate mobile phone
signals radiated by them and also the wireless camera which radiates RF signal. Efforts have
been put in place to tackle this issue but they all have their own shortcomings. The circuit can
detect the signals during video or audio transmission from hidden camera and microphones
also incoming calls and outgoing calls, messages and video transmission from mobile phone.
The basic principle behind this circuit is the idea of using a Schottky diode to detect the cell
phone signal. Mobile phone signal is in the frequency range of 0.9 to 3GHZ. Schottky diodes
have a unique property of being able to rectify low frequency signals, with low noise rate.
When an inductor is placed near the RF signal source, it receives the signal through mutual
induction. This signal is rectified by the Schottky diode and then sent to the Arduino Uno for
further processing.
The detector circuit consists of an inductor, diode, a capacitor and a resistor. Here an inductor
value of 10uH is chosen. A Schottky diode BAT54 is chosen as the detector diode, which can
rectify low frequency AC signal. The filter capacitor chosen is a 100nF ceramic capacitor, used
to filter out AC ripples. A load resistor of 100 Ohms is used.
The advancement and wide usage of mobile phones have promoted them to become the
learning media. Therefore, integration of mobile phones into instruction has increased in the
Universities. Despite of the vital role that is played by mobile phones as a learning tool, there
still challenges that could emanate from using mobile phones such as cheating during exams
and distraction during lecture hours. Recently school authorities have noted the increase in the
use of mobile phones by students to cheat during examination. With all the potential benefits
that are offered by today’s mobile phones, researches are still instilling the provisioning of
mobile phones detectors in restricted areas. Taking into consideration that, some unauthorized
users of mobile phones may not be uncovered by invigilators during examination, better
equipment for detecting unauthorized usage of mobile phones during examination time is
needed. A novel mobile detector sensing alarming and reporting system developed had a
pivotal role to detect mobile phones in restricted areas such as Prisons, Colleges, Hospitals and
so forth. Through antenna, the device detects the presence of mobile phone and the signal is
sent to microcontroller which turns ON the buzzer circuit and sends the message to the LCD
module for display and as well an SMS is sent to the registered mobile number via GSM
module for notification.
Alphanumeric LCD
LCD's are very simple to interface with the controller as well as are cost effective. The
ALPHANUMERIC display used in proposed design here is 4× 20(four lines & twenty
characters per line) as shown in Fig. 4. The LCD requires 3 control lines (RS, R/W & EN) &
8 (or 4) data lines. The number on data lines depends on the mode of operation. If operated in
8-bit mode then 8 data lines + 3 control lines i.e. total 11 lines are required. And if operated in
4-bit mode then 4 data lines + 3 control lines i.e. 7 lines are required. How do we decide which
mode to use? It’s simple if you have sufficient data lines you can go for 8 bit mode & if there
is a time constrain i.e. display should be faster then we have to use 8-bit mode because basically
4-bit mode takes twice as more time as compared to 8-bit mode.

When RS is low (0), the data is to be treated as a command. When RS is high (1), the data
being sent is considered as text data which should be displayed on the screen. When R/W is
low (0), the information on the data bus is being written to the LCD. When RW is high (1), the
program is effectively reading from the LCD. Most of the times there is no need to read from
the LCD so this line can directly be connected to GND thus saving one controller line. The
ENABLE pin is used to latch the data present on the data pins. A HIGH - LOW signal is
required to latch the data. The LCD interprets and executes command at the instant the EN line
is brought low. If EN is not instantiated, instruction will never be executed.
Microcontroller:
This microcontroller is based on the ATmega 328. There are total of 20 pins (0-19) out
of which 6 are analog inputs which can also be used as general purpose pins, a ceramic
resonator of frequency 16MHz, an USB connection, a power jack and a reset button. It contains
everything needed to support a microcontroller.

A microcontroller often serves as the “brain” of a mechatronic system. Like a mini,

self-contained computer, it can be programmed to interact with connected hardware and/or a
user, much like a PC connected to a small network of hardware. As the computer industry has
evolved, so has the technology associated with microcontrollers. Every year microcontrollers
become much faster, have more memory, and extend their input and output feature sets, all the
while becoming even cheaper and easier to use.

Even the most basic microcontroller units (MCUs) can perform simple math operations,
monitor (read) analog/digital inputs, and control (write) analog/digital outputs. Most modern
controllers have analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), high-speed timers, counters and
comparators, interrupt capabilities, PWM outputs for producing square-waves, and a variety of
serial communication ports. All of these can be used to interact with the board's immediate
environment for a very wide variety of purposes.

The development board used in this course is called the Arduino. The name Arduino
is (admittedly somewhat ambiguously) used to denote the hardware board, the software
development environment, its library of easy-to-use software functions, and/or the layout
standard of the original version's connection headers, depending on the context. As you will
learn in the next few weeks, it is not necessary to use the Arduino IDE or libraries to use the
Arduino hardware if your requirements dictate otherwise.

The name “Arduino” is a copyright held by the original team based in Italy that
originally built the hardware, the IDE (integrated development environment) and the software
libraries. It was designed to be a platform for physical computing usable primarily by non-
programmers (artists, hobbyists, teachers, students, etc.). Another goal of the project was that
all of the hardware designs (except those for the chips themselves) as well as the software tools
are open-source – free to copy and distribute without any licensing restrictions. By making an
easy-to-use, easy-to-make platform, they hoped that it would enable a wide variety of
interactive and creative uses by an even greater variety of users. Its popularity and use has
spread much wider than originally anticipated. It's estimated that roughly 400,000 Arduinos
and Arduino-compatible boards have been made and/or sold by the end of 2011, and could
reach one million by the end of 2012. There are also dozens of variations of the Arduino
serving specific niche purposes such as robot/motor control, miniaturized applications, UAVs,
sensor networks, etc.

The board is most often powered from the USB connector on the upper-left side during
software development. The USB connection is the programming link over which programs
compiled on your computer are transferred to the MCU. This connection also may be used to
exchange data between the board and your computer.

For greater portability, the board can be untethered from the computer and separately
powered via the 2.1 mm barrel jack in the lower left corner with either a battery pack or a 6-20
VDC (7-12 VDC recommended) AC-to-DC wall adapter. You may also connect a similar voltage
source to the Vin pin in the power-ground header. The final, but less used, alternative is to
attach a regulated 5V power supply directly to the 5V POWER header pin near the center-
bottom of the board.
 The Arduino board comes with a single LED, often called the Pin 13 LED because it is
electrically connected to Digital Pin 13. This LED is the board's only built-in indicator
accessible to programs. As you will soon see, you may bring more of your own input and
output devices to the party and connect them yourself. A virgin Arduino board comes pre-
programmed with a sample sketch called Blink that flashes the Pin 13 LED once per second.
This feature is handy because you can easily check the general health of your new board simply
by plugging it into USB, and the flashing LED demonstrates that the board is mostly working.

This microcontroller is based on the ATmega 328. There are total of 20 pins (0-19) out
of which 6 are analog inputs which can also be used as general purpose pins, a ceramic
resonator of frequency 16MHz, an USB connection, a power jack and a reset button. It contains
everything needed to support a microcontroller.

A microcontroller often serves as the “brain” of a mechatronic system. Like a mini,

self-contained computer, it can be programmed to interact with connected hardware and/or a
user, much like a PC connected to a small network of hardware. As the computer industry has
evolved, so has the technology associated with microcontrollers. Every year microcontrollers
become much faster, have more memory, and extend their input and output feature sets, all the
while becoming even cheaper and easier to use.

Even the most basic microcontroller units (MCUs) can perform simple math operations,
monitor (read) analog/digital inputs, and control (write) analog/digital outputs. Most modern
controllers have analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), high-speed timers, counters and
comparators, interrupt capabilities, PWM outputs for producing square-waves, and a variety of
serial communication ports. All of these can be used to interact with the board's immediate
environment for a very wide variety of purposes.

The development board used in this course is called the Arduino. The name Arduino
is (admittedly somewhat ambiguously) used to denote the hardware board, the software
development environment, its library of easy-to-use software functions, and/or the layout
standard of the original version's connection headers, depending on the context. As you will
learn in the next few weeks, it is not necessary to use the Arduino IDE or libraries to use the
Arduino hardware if your requirements dictate otherwise.
 The name “Arduino” is a copyright held by the original team based in Italy that
originally built the hardware, the IDE (integrated development environment) and the software
libraries. It was designed to be a platform for physical computing usable primarily by non-
programmers (artists, hobbyists, teachers, students, etc.). Another goal of the project was that
all of the hardware designs (except those for the chips themselves) as well as the software tools
are open-source – free to copy and distribute without any licensing restrictions. By making an
easy-to-use, easy-to-make platform, they hoped that it would enable a wide variety of
interactive and creative uses by an even greater variety of users. Its popularity and use has
spread much wider than originally anticipated. It's estimated that roughly 400,000 Arduinos
and Arduino-compatible boards have been made and/or sold by the end of 2011, and could
reach one million by the end of 2012. There are also dozens of variations of the Arduino
serving specific niche purposes such as robot/motor control, miniaturized applications, UAVs,
sensor networks, etc.

The board is most often powered from the USB connector on the upper-left side during
software development. The USB connection is the programming link over which programs
compiled on your computer are transferred to the MCU. This connection also may be used to
exchange data between the board and your computer.

For greater portability, the board can be untethered from the computer and separately
powered via the 2.1 mm barrel jack in the lower left corner with either a battery pack or a 6-20
VDC (7-12 VDC recommended) AC-to-DC wall adapter. You may also connect a similar voltage
source to the Vin pin in the power-ground header. The final, but less used, alternative is to
attach a regulated 5V power supply directly to the 5V POWER header pin near the center-
bottom of the board.

The Arduino board comes with a single LED, often called the Pin 13 LED because it is
electrically connected to Digital Pin 13. This LED is the board's only built-in indicator
accessible to programs. As you will soon see, you may bring more of your own input and
output devices to the party and connect them yourself. A virgin Arduino board comes pre-
programmed with a sample sketch called Blink that flashes the Pin 13 LED once per second.
This feature is handy because you can easily check the general health of your new board simply
by plugging it into USB, and the flashing LED demonstrates that the board is mostly working.
The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital
input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal
oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains
everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB
cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. The Uno differs from all
preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it features
the Atmega8U2 programmed as a USB-to-serial converter. The Arduino Uno can be powered
via the USB connection or with an external power supply. The power source is selected
automatically. External (non-USB) power can come either from an AC-to-DC adapter (wall-
wart) or battery. The adapter can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm center-positive plug into
the board's power jack. Leads from a battery can be inserted in the Gnd and Vin pin headers of
the POWER connector.
The board can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with less than
7V, however, the 5V pin may supply less than five volts and the board may be unstable. If
using more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheat and damage the board. The
recommended range is 7 to 12 volts.The power pins are as follows:
· VIN. The input voltage to the Arduino board when it's using an external power source (as
opposed to 5 volts from the USB connection or other regulated power source). You can supply
voltage through this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the power jack, access it through this pin.
· 5V. The regulated power supply used to power the microcontroller and other components on
the board. This can come either from VIN via an on-board regulator, or be supplied by USB or
another regulated 5V supply.
· 3V3. A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum current draw is 50
mA.
· GND. Ground pins.
The Arduino Uno has a number of facilities for communicating with a computer,
another Arduino, or other microcontrollers. The ATmega328 provides UART TTL (5V) serial
communication, which is available on digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). An ATmega8U2 on the
board channels this serial communication over USB and appears as a virtual com port to
software on the computer. The '8U2 firmware uses the standard USB COM drivers, and no
external driver is needed. However, on Windows, an *.inf file is required. The Arduino
software includes a serial monitor which allows simple textual data to be sent to and from the
Arduino board. The RX and TX LEDs on the board will flash when data is being transmitted
via the USB-toserial chip and USB connection to the computer (but not for serial
communication on pins 0 and 1).
LM7805:
This series of fixed-voltage integrated-circuit voltage regulators is designed for a wide range
of applications. These applications include on-card regulation for elimination of noise and
distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. Each of these regulators can
deliver up to 1.5 A of output current. The internal current-limiting and thermal-shutdown
features of these regulators essentially make them immune to overload. In addition to use as
fixed-voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain
adjustable output voltages and currents, and also can be used as the power-pass element in
precision regulators.

Conclusion
Mobile technology and wireless camera gains new data capabilities rapidly. Features like direct
transmission of video from small wireless camera to other devices. A mobile phone uses many
different transmission protocols, which dictates how cellular phones communicate with towers.
Many institutions depend on keeping information secured and to build fortresses imploring
methods to check every one. It requires a lot of manpower. This detector sense the signal with
.5-meter radius to prevent the malpractices in restricted areas.