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Lesson 1 - PARTS OF SPEECH https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XuH2qtXYgDY

The parts of speech explain how a word is used in a sentence. There are
eight main parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs,
What
Whais
prepositions, conjunctions and interjections.
Parts t is
Part of
It is important to know that a word can sometimes be in more than one part s
of speech. For example with the word increase. Spe of
Speech
e
Increase can be a verb e.g. Prices increased any ch
anyway?
way
and increase can also be a noun e.g. There was an increase in the number of
followers.
?
NOUNS (Naming Word)
A noun is a word that names a person, an animal, a place, or a thing. There are more nouns in the English
language than any other word.
Proper - A proper noun always starts with a capital letter and refers to specific names of persons, places, or
things.
Examples: Maruthi, Dominos Pizza, Taj Mahal
Common - common nouns are the opposite of proper nouns. These are just generic names of persons,
things, or places.
Examples: car, pizza parlor, monument
Concrete - this kind refers to nouns which you can perceive through your five senses.
Examples: folder, sand, board
Abstract- unlike concrete nouns, abstract nouns are those which you can’t perceive through your five
senses.
Examples: happiness, grudge, bravery
Countable and non-countable Nouns
Countable - it refers to anything that is countable, and has a singular and plural form.
Examples: kitten, video, ball
Non-countable - this is the opposite of countable nouns and they need to have “counters” to quantify them.
Examples of Counters: kilo, cup, meter
Examples of Mass Nouns: rice, flour, garter
Collective - refers to a group of persons, animals, or things.
Example: faculty (group of teachers), class (group of students), bunch (group of things)
These are special words called articles. They are noun signals. they can often tip you off that there’s a noun
is coming up in a sentence.
PRONOUNS (Replaces a Noun)
A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. Almost anything a noun can do, a pronoun can do, too.
Pronouns are handy little words because when you use them, you don’t have to keep repeating nouns all
the time.
Examples of pronouns: I, you, we, they, he, she, it, me, us, them, him, her, this, those
Example sentences: Mary is tired. She wants to sleep. I want her to dance with me.
VERBS (Action Word)
A verb is a word that shows action or being. Whatever you’re doing can be expressed by a verb. Without a
verb, a group of words cannot be a sentence. A sentence can be as short as one word, as long as that one
word is a verb.

Examples: go, speak, run, eat, play, live, walk, have, like, are, is
Example sentences: I like Woodward English. I study their charts and play their games.

ADJECTIVES (Describing word)

An adjective is a word that tells us more about a noun or a pronoun. An adjective describes or limits the
use of a noun.
An adjective answers three questions.
1) What kind of? I saw a big dog.
2) How many? I’d like six ice cream cones, please.
3) Which one? I’ll take that pair of jeans.

Examples: big, happy, green, young, fun, crazy, three

Example sentences: The little girl had a pink hat.

ADVERBS - (Describes a verb)

An adverb is a word that tells us more about a verb. An adverb tells us:
1) How The pig danced terribly.
2) Where The pig danced here.
3) When The pig danced yesterday.

Some more examples: slowly, quietly, very, always, never, too, well, tomorrow, here
Example sentences: I am usually busy. Yesterday, I ate my lunch quickly.

PREPOSITIONS (Shows relationship)

A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of one word in a sentence to another word. A
preposition tells four things:
1) Location- The pig is outside its cage.
2) Direction- The pig ran to its cage.
3) Time- I’ll wait until noon, and then I’ll leave.
4) Relationship - I went to the party with my friend.

Examples: at, on, in, from, with, near, between, about, under
Example sentences: I left my keys on the table for you.

CONUNCTIONS (Joining word)

A conjunction is a word that joins other words or parts of sentences together. It is a “bridge” word.
Raju and Saritha are brother and sister.
It will rain or snow today.
I ran as fast as I could. However I still missed the train.
I’ll call the Health Department if you don’t clean up your yard.
Examples: and, or, but, because, so, yet, unless, since, if.
Example sentences: I was hot and exhausted but I still finished the running race.

INTERJECTIONS - (Expressive word)

Interjections are special words that show strong feelings or emotions like excitement, happiness, horror,
sadness, disgust, pain, anger. Interjections usually come at the beginning of a sentence. You use them to
add energy to your sentence. Don’t use them too much, or they’ll loose their power. Sometimes
interjections are just shouts or sounds.

Examples: Ouch! Wow! Great! Help! Oh! Hey! Hi!

Example sentences: Wow! I passed my English test. Great! – Ouch! That hurt.