Documentos de Académico
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DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter, which corresponds to the BEST answer.
__A__ The measure of the body’s ability to eliminate drugs is termed as:
A. Clearance C. Potency
B. Volume of distribution D. Half-life
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__C__ The difference between the effects of IV infusion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
on the cardiovascular system is:
A. Epinephrine increase pulse pressure
B. Norepinephrine decreases renal blood flow
C. Small doses of norepinephrine do not cause vasolidation
D. Cutaneous blood flow is decreased with epinephrine
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__C__ All of the following are common adverse effects of systemically administered -adrenergic
agonists, EXCEPT:
A. Restlessness C. Bradycardia
B. Hypokalemia D. Tremors
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__A__ Which of the following cholinergic agonists does not produce negative inotropism and
negative chronotropism?
A. Bethanecol C. Methacholine
B. Carbachol D. Acetylcholine
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__D__ Which of the following is NOT a pharmacological effect mediated by muscarinic receptors?
A. Carbachol – increased GIT tone and motility
B. Bethanecol – contraction of the detrusor muscle of the bladder
C. Pilocarpine – diaphoresis
D. Arecoline – diuresis
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__D__ Which of the following agents compete with Chloramphenicol for binding to 50S ribosomal
unit?
A. Vancomycin C. Ticarcillin
B. Imipenem D. Clindamycin
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__A__ All of the following antiarrthythmics have autonomic effects. Which of the following
produces adrenergic stimulation followed by ganglionic blockade?
A. Bretylium C. Disopyramide
B. Procainamide D. Amiodarone
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__D__ The following are antiarrhythmics with their corresponding major actions. Which of the
following combinations is correct?
A. Lidocaine – Ca+2 channel block
B. Verapamil – Beta-blockade
C. Metoprolol – Na+ channel block
D. Amiodarone – K+ channel block
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__D__ A greater risk of respiratory depression is produced when Morphine is combined with:
A. Local anesthetics C. Bronchodilators
B. Anorexiants D. Tranquilizers
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__A__ Which of the following statements is true of the sensitivity of nerve fibers to local
anesthetics?
A. Small nerve fibers are more susceptible to the action of local anesthetics
B. Unmyelinated fibers are blocked before myelinated ones of the same diameter
C. A fiber of the AB type is more sensitive to block than C fibers (dorsal root)
D. Nerve fibers located at the core of a nerve trunk are first to be affected than those
located at the periphery
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__A__ The following are anticonvulsants with their corresponding sites of action. Which of the
following combinations is correct?
A. Phenobarbital – GABAA receptor
B. Phenytoin – CA2+ currents (T currents)
C. Ethosuximide – CA2+ currents (L current)
D. Carbamazepine – K+ currents
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__A__ Which of following combination of diuretic and site of action on the nephron is correct?
A. Ethacrynic acid – thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
B. Furosemide – proximal tubule
C. Hydrochlorothiazide – late distal tubule
D. Spironolactone – distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
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MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter, which corresponds to the BEST answer.
__D__ Reflex tachycardia is the most common consequence of which of the following anti-
hypertensive drugs?
A. Metoprolol C. Valsartan
B. Diltiazem D. Nifedipine
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__C__ The mechanism of cough production after administration of an ACE inhibitor is secondary to
an increase in the level of:
A. Angiotensin II C. Bradykinin
B. Renin D. Aldosterone
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__A__ The mechanism of the anti-hypertensive effect of Clonidine is brought about by:
A. 2-adrenergic agonism
B. 1-adrenergic blockade
C. Angiotensin II receptor blockade
D. Direct relaxation of the arteriolar smooth muscle
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__D__ All of the following are factors that alter patient sensitivity to Digitalis, EXCEPT :
A. Hypokalemia C. Renal failure
B. Hyperkalemia D. Euthyroid state
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__B__ Which of the following drugs is the least useful in Acute Congestive Heart Failure?
A. Captopril C. Digoxin
B. Metoprolol D. Furosemide
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__C__ The most effective route of administration of nitrates to abort an acute attack of angina is:
A. Intravenous route C. Sublingual route
B. Oral route D. Transdermal route
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__C__ The most important mechanism of relief of symptoms of angina pectoris after administration
of nitrates is:
A. Dilation of epicardial coronary arteries
B. Decreased preload
C. Reduction of myocardial work
D. Decreased afterload
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__C__ Inhibition of these prostaglandins is responsible for the GI adverse effects of NSAIDs:
A. Thromboxane A2 C. PGI2 and PGE3
B. PGF2 and PGI2 D. PGE1 and PGD2
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__D__When given in a sufficient dosage, Omeprazole can reduce the daily production of gastric
acid by more than 95%. This is because Omeprazole:
A. Inhibits the interaction of histamine with H2 receptors
B. Neutralizes the directly the HCl secreted by gastric parietal cells
C. Increases the secretion of mucus and bicarbonate
D. Inhibits the H+, K+ -ATPase, the ultimate mediator of acid secretion
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__A__ The concomitant use of Pyridoxine is recommended when this drug is used for anti-TB
therapy:
A. Ethionamide C. Kanamycin
B. Aminosalicylic acid D. Capreomycin
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__D__ Which of the following has anticholinergic properties, currently used in the treatment of
Parkinson’s disease?
A. Carbidopa C. Bromocriptine
B. Selegiline D. Trihexyphenidyl HCl
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MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter, which corresponds to the BEST answer.
__C__ Which of the following quinolones can cause fatal hepatic damage?
A. Levofloxacin C. Trovafloxacin
B. Gatifloxacin D. Cirpofloxacin
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__C__ Which of the following antifungal agents act by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase resulting in
impairment of fungal DNA synthesis?
A. Ketoconazole C. Flucytosine
B. Griseofulvin D. Amphotericin B
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__B__ Which of the following oral antifungal agents has the longest half-life?
A. Ketoconazole C. Fluconazole
B. Itraconazole D. Miconazole
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__C__ The most common mechanism of resistance of HSV to Acyclovir and Valacyclovir:
A. Altered thymidine kinase susbtrate specificity
B. Altered viral DNA polymerase
C. Absence or partial production of thymidine kinase
D. Active efflux mechanism
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__B__ Which of the following statements concerning Amantadine and Rimantadine is true?
A. Treatment of Influenza A and B infections
B. Dose adjustments must be made for patients >65 years old
C. Absorption is markedly decreased by the presence of food in the stomach
D. Remains effective if given >48 hours after the onset of symptoms
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__A__ The smallest dose of a given chemical that will kill 50% of a test group of animals:
A. Median lethal dose (LD50)
B. Median lethal concentration (LC50)
C. Toxicity level
D. Threshold limit value (TLV)
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__C__ Which of the following is the most common adverse effect of Metronidazole?
A. Pruritus C. Metallic taste
B. Dizziness D. Nausea
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__C__ Which of the following organs is NOT part of the feedback regulation of the endocrine axes?
A. Adrenal glands C. Kidneys
B. Hypothalamus D. Pituitary gland
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__B__ Which of the following corticosteroids has the greatest anti-inflammatory potency relative to
cortisol?
A. Prednisone C. Aldosterone
B. Dexamethasone D. Triamcinolone
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__C__ Which of the following corticosteroids has the longest duration of action?
A. Cortisol C. Dexamethasone
B. Prednisone D. Aldosterone
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__B__ Which of the following statements concerning the use of testosterone for the treatment of
male hypogonadism is correct?
A. The testosterone esters are not useful
B. Treatment efficacy is monitored by regular and frequent measurements of serum
testosterone concentration
C. Hepatocellular cancer is a common adverse effect usually seen in men >55 years
old
D. Increased bone mineral density is the earliest treatment effect seen, usually within
a few weeks of treatment
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__A__ Factors that can appreciably influence the ability of -lactam antibiotics to kill bacteria
include the following, EXCEPT:
A. Presence of proteins and other constituents of pus at the site of infection
B. Density of the bacterial population
C. Age of the infection
D. None of the above
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MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter, which corresponds to the BEST answer.
__C__ Which second generation cephalosporin can be used for the treatment of bacterial meningitis?
A. Cefriaxone C. Cefuroxime
B. Cefatoxime D. Ceftizoxime
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__C__ Which of the following agents is a monocyclic -lactam compound is isolated from
Chromobacterium violaceum, that is usefule for gram-negative infections and does not cause
allergic reactions seen in some patients given Penicillins or other cephalosporins?
A. Imipenem C. Aztreonam
B. Cefepime D. Tazobactam
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__C__ Which of the following sulfonamides has the longest half-life and is therefore long-acting?
A. Sulfadiazine C. Sulfadoxine
B. Sulfacetamide D. Sulfisoxazole
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__B__ Which of the following disorders of the hematopoietic system secondary to Sulfonamides is
characterized by the complete suppression of bone marrow activity with profound anemia,
granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia?
A. Acute hemolytic anemia C. Agranulocytosis
B. Aplastic anemia D. Idiopathic anemia
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__B__ Which of the following statements is true agranulocytosis following the use of antithyroid
drugs?
A. Periodic WBC count is greatly of help in early detection
B. It is reversible upon discontinuation of the drug
C. Occurs during the first week, not after 1 month
D. Mostly seen with Methimazole than with PTU
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__A__ In severe hyperthyroid state or thyroid storm, which of the following antithyroid is preferred?
A. PTU C. Propanolol
B. Carbimazole D. Methimazole
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__D__ A.C. has hyperthyroidism. She is 12 weeks pregnant. Which of the following antithyroid
drugs is preferred?
A. Carbimazole C. RAI
B. Methimazole D. PTU
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__D__ Which of the following has the potential of producing dose-related malabsorption, flatulence
and abdominal bloating?
A. Metformin C. Rosiglitazone
B. Chlorpropamide D. Acarbose
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__B__ Insulin usually is injected into the subcutaneous tissue. Absorption is usually most rapid
from the :
A. Thigh C. Buttocks
B. Abdominal wall D. Arm
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MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter, which corresponds to the BEST answer.
__B__ Which of the following statements concerning the physiologic effects of oxytocin is correct?
A. The effects on the uterus are not affected by estrogen levels
B. The increase in uterine sensitivity in the last half of the pregnancy is associated
with an increase in oxytocin receptors
C. Uterine sensitivity during the last trimester of pregnancy is due to the increasing
levels of progesterone.
D. The more immature the uterus, the more sensitive it is to the effects
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__D__ Which of the following statements concerning the use of oxytocin for induction of labor is
correct?
A. As labor progresses, the dose required to maintain good uterine contractions
increases
B. Higher doses promote diuresis resulting in hypotension
C. Definitely useful in cases of arrested labor due to abnormal fetal positions
D. Satisfactory uterine contractions are unlikely to develop with doses higher than
30-40 mU/min.
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__A__ Which of the following anthelmintics possesses a potent inhibitory effect on the feeding
behavior of worms by acting on glutamate-gated channels expressed in the pharyngeal
muscles of these worms?
A. Ivermectin C. Diethylcarbamazine
B. Thiabendazole D. Pyrantel pamoate
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__B__ Which of the following antiandrogens inhibits type II 5-reductase and is used in the
treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia?
A. Flutamide C. Bicalutamide
B. Finasteride D. Cyproterone acetate
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__C__ Which of the following antimalarial drugs is available in a fixed combination with
Sulfadoxine?
A. Trimethoprim C. Pyrimethamine
B. Primaquine D. Proguanil
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MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter, which corresponds to the BEST answer.
__C__ Which of the following antimalarial drugs should NOT be used in acute attacks?
A. Quinine C. Primaquine
B. Mefloquine D. Chloroquine
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