LAB ACTIVITY

Investigation 1: Calories for Fast Food

The data below indicate the amount of protein (in grams) for various fast food sandwiches

(Source: The Doctor’s Pocket Calorie, Fat, and Carbohydrate Counter, 2002).

23 30 20 27 44 26 35 20 29 29

25 15 18 27 19 22 12 26 34 15

27 35 26 43 35 14 24 12 23 31

40 35 38 57 22 42 24 21 27 33

1) What are the highest and lowest amount of protein (in grams) for various fast food

sandwiches?

2) Organize the data into a spreadsheet.

3) Construct a histogram and frequency polygon using the spreadsheet.

4) Record the values of the mean, median and standard deviation from the computer.

Mean :

Median :
Standard deviation:
5) Describe the distribution of the graph in terms of its shape, center and variability.

6) Represent the data in another way.

( Investigation 2 to 5)
Malaysian education system has constantly undergone changes in these past few decades. The
latest is about the transformation of the education system from exam oriented system to more
holistic system by introducing School Based Assessment (SBA) at school. A research has
been done in order to determine Mathematics teachers’ preparedness to conduct assessment
using School Based Assessment (SBA) within Johor state.

Investigation 1 (t-TEST)

10 male and 10 female secondary school teachers were chosen randomly to take part in this
study. table below shows the level of effectiveness of teaching practices using SBA.

Male Female
4.86 3.00
7.00 5.29
7.86 8.00
4.71 10.00
3.86 7.57
6.71 4.71
5.00 7.00
6.00 5.57
7.86 7.14
7.00 8.29

i) Determine the independent variable, dependent variable and scale of

measurement.

ii) What value of the t-statistic is calculated, what are the degrees of freedom for the

test, what p-value is reported for this data?

iii) Is there any significant different of preparedness between gender?

Investigation 2 (ANOVA)

The level of preparedness to implement SBA may be influenced by qualification level

Hence, the researcher wants to know whether there is a significant differences in
preparedness between 3 groups of qualifications.
The data is as follows:
Certificate Diploma Degree
3.00 5.29 8.00
4.86 4.71 10.00
3.86 7.00 7.57
7.86 7.00
4.71 5.57
7.14
8.29
6.71
5.00
7.86
7.00
6.00

Use an ANOVA with ɑ=0.05 to determine whether there are any significant mean differences
in teachers' preparedness among the three groups of qualifications with the preparedness of
teacher.

Investigation 3 (ANOVA)

The table display the level of teachers’ preparedness and effectiveness of teaching practices
after the implementation of SBA at school. The second alphabet in the coding for each
teacher represent qualification, the third digit represent gender. Analyze the data to determine
the differences with respect to effectiveness, gender and level of highest education.

Teacher Effectiveness
ACF 4.50
BDF 4.20
CGF 8.40
DGF 5.30
EGF 8.00
FDF 6.50
GDF 4.80
HGF 7.40
IGF 6.90
JGF 7.60
 KCM 5.90
LGM 7.60
MDM 8.00
NDM 4.00
OCM 5.20
PGM 7.10
QGM 6.20
RGM 6.80
SGM 7.90
TGM 7.80

Investigation 4 (CORRELATION & REGRESSION)

The study also aimed to investigate is there any correlation between teaching experience
and preparedness to conduct SBA at school. The data obtained are as below:

Teaching experience (years) Preparedness

1 3.00
2 5.29
4 8.00
9 10.00
5 7.57
2 4.71
2 7.00
2 5.57
4 7.14
4 8.29
1 4.86
3 7.00
3 7.86
2 4.71
1 3.86
2 6.71
1 5.00
1 6.00
2 7.86
 2 7.00

i) Compute the Pearson correlation for these data and determine whether there is a
significant correlation between teaching experiences and teacher preparedness to
conduct SBA at school. Set alpha at 0.05, two tails.
ii) Plot a scatter plot.
iii) Sketch the best regression line.
iv) Determine the equation of the line based on your sketch.
v) Using statistical package determine the regression line.

Investigation 5 (Non Parametric)

A recent study indicates that people tent to select video game avatars with characteristics
similar to those of their creators (Bélisle & Onur, 2010). Participants who had created
avatars for a virtual community game completed a questionnaire about their
personalities. An independent group of viewers examined the avatars and recorded their
impressions of the avatars. One personality characteristics considered was introverted/
extroverted. The following frequency distribution of personalities for participants and
the avatars they created.
 Introvert Personality Extrovert Personality
Introvert Extrovert Introvert Extrovert
avatar avatar avatar avatar
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 1 2
1 1 2
1 1 2
1 1 2
1 1 2
1 1 2
1 1 2
1 2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

a. Is there a significant relationship between the personalities of the participants and

the personalities of their avatars? Test with α=.05.
b. Compute the phi-coefficient to measure the size of the effect.

Investigation 6 (Non Parametric)

New research suggests that watching television, especially medical shows such a Grey’
Anatomy and House can result in more concern about personal health (Ye, 2010).
Surveys administered to college students measure television viewing habits and health
concerns such as fear of developing the diseases and disorders seen on television. For the
following data, students are classified into three categories based on their television
viewing patterns and health concerns are measured on a 10-point scale with 0 indicating
“none”.

Television Viewing
Little or None Moderate Substantial
4 5 5
2 7 7
5 3 6
1 4 6
3 8 8
7 6 9
4 2 6
4 7 4
8 3 6
2 5 8

a. Use α=.05 to determine whether there are significant mean differences among the
three groups.
b. Compute to measure the size of the effect.
c. Use Kruskall-wallis to evaluate the group differences.

Investigation 7 (Non Parametric)

Steven Schmidt (1994) conducted a series of experiments examining the effect of humor
on memory. In one study, participants were given a mix of humorous and nonhumorous
sentences and significantly more humorous sentences were recalled. However, Schmidt
argued that the humorous sentences were not necessarily easier to remember, they were
simply preferred when articipants had a choice between the two types of sentence. To
test this argument, he switched to an independent-measures design in which one group
got a set of exclusively humorous sentences and another group got a set of exclusively
nonhumorous sentences. The folowing data are similar to the results from the
independent-measures study.

Humorous sentences Nonhumorous

sentences
4 5 2 4 6 3 5 3
6 7 6 6 3 4 2 6
2 5 4 3 4 3 4 4
3 3 5 3 5 2 6 4

Do the results indicate a significant difference in the recall of humorous versus

 nonhumorous sentences? Use two-tailed test with α=.05.

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Note:
Example of Syntax for ANOVA independent
ONEWAY
ONEWAY/VARIABLES=personality BY class
/POSTHOC={TUKEY}

For spearman test

crosstabs /tables personality by class
/statistics = corr.

For normality test

NPAR TESTS
/K-S (normal)=class.

Effect size calculator

For Kruskal Walis

NPAR TESTS
/KRUSKAL-WALLIS=variable BY variable2(min,max)