Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
For the first session, I have undergo my practical training at JKR Segamat
in department of Senggara Bangunan. During my training, mostly I am
involved in maintenance works and repair works of building. Besides that, I
have been involved in construction for dining hall of PULAPOL in Batu Anam.
The date that I been started my practical training in JKR Segamat is on 26
January until 2 March 2017.
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
The student will be able instilled with good moral values such as
responsibility, commitment and trustworthy during their training.
The Public Works Department Office Building was built in 1959. The
Public Works Department then has sections such as Road Division,
Building Division and Water Division and is led by District Engineer, Road
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
Organisation Chart
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
Name of Company
Registered Address
E-Mail: kbuilders08@yahoo.com
1.4.2.2 Services
Building Audit.
Space Audit.
Condition Survey.
Give a full report acording to the condition of the building and how
to maintain the building.
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
1.4.2.3. Vision
‗Building Knowledge Towards The Future‘ is the vision of K Builders with the
purpose to educate and improve the quality of various aspects of building and
construction that covers planning, auditing, inspection, management,
technology, maintenance and finance to any personnel, Clients or
Contractors involved in the building and construction industry.
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
Training
Building Surveying
Department
Department
Managing
Managing
Seminar
Training &
Course
Building Audit & Building
Maintenance Forensic
1. Private Agency
1. CIDB / PKK
2. Government
2. MARA
Agency 1. Valuation Survey 1. Structural Analysis
3. Universities/
3. Personal 2. Measured Survey 2. Material Analysis
Polytechnic 3. Construction Analysis
Parties 3. Schedule of Condition
4. JKR
4. Schedule of Dilapidation
5. Building Condition
Survey
6. Building Defect Survey
7. Stock Condition Survey
8. Building Conservation
and Restoration
9. Inspection of Building
Under Construction
10. Reinstatement Cost
Assessment for
Insurance
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K Builders Training & Consulting
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(2015180263)
PRINCIPAL
Sr Ruslan Affendy
Arshad
PRINCIPAL PARTNER
Sr Anuar Haron Muhammad Kamal Ahmad
ADMINISTRATION
OFFICER ADMINISTRATION ASSOCIATE
MANAGER Mohd Rusdi Mamat
Nur Hafizah
Abdullah Aisyah Humaira
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
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Malacca
Penang
Survey of Structure and Building Foundation Integrity for NPK Fertilizer (M) Sdn
Bhd
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Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
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RAMUNIA, PELABUHAN
KLANG, SELANGOR
Condition survey
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
List of PPR in Kuala Lumpur that been involved doing inspection work are:
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Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
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CHAPTER 2
Importance Of Dilapidation Report
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2.1 Introduction
Building and demolition work normally requires the use of a lot of heavy
machinery and equipment, and sometimes involves some serious changes to the
site it‘s being carried out on. This can include the removal of a lot of soil, existing
slabs or footings and possibly trees. Even if it‘s carefully managed, this sort of
work has the potential to cause damage to adjoining or adjacent houses or other
nearby infrastructure. Above and beyond the requirements for the protection of
adjoining properties, we may also need to arrange to have special reports
undertaken on the state of nearby buildings such as dilapidated survey.
These reports are normally carried out on nearby properties both before
work begins, and after it‘s finished. Comparing the two reports offers a clear
picture of any damage that might have occurred as a result of building,
excavation or demolition work.
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
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The survey report done by a Professional Building Surveyor will assist the
building owners, contractors and developers in the event of a claim for damage,
as the dilapidation survey report provides written documentation on the
preconstruction condition of the property.
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Cost – the cost of fulfilling repairing and other obligations can run into
millions of pounds
Reputational risk – dilapidations claims can end up in court
Time – managing a claim can take up significant time and effort
Limit your options – if occupiers do not plan properly for dilapidations
lease break options can be voided
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
Knowing the answers to these questions will enable an occupier to decide how
much money they will need to set aside throughout the term of the lease to
finance any repairs by lease expiry. It also avoids substantial and unbudgeted
dilapidations claims.
A landlord can serve an Interim Schedule of Dilapidations at any point during the
lease term. However, it may be possible for a tenant to negotiate relief from
some of these repairs.
A landlord may have imposed strict conditions under which this can be exercised,
including compliance with the tenant‘s repair and other obligations.
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Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
Schedules of Dilapidations are typically served by the landlord in the last six
months of a lease (a ‗terminal‘ Schedule of Dilapidations). These are intended to
outline all the alleged breaches of the lease and stipulate the required remedies.
Unless an occupier has completed the work required under their lease
obligations in advance of lease end the landlord will usually issue a terminal
Schedule of Dilapidations. This schedule will outline the works the landlord
deems necessary and include a claim for damages (Quantified Demand).
Disputes frequently arise over whether all items identified by the landlord‘s
surveyor really are a breach of the tenant‘s covenants and over what would be
an appropriate remedy.
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An occupier will also need to decide how much it would be prudent to set
aside during the term of the lease to finance repairs on termination. Dilapidation
is a relevant matter under International Accounting Standard 37. The Financial
Reporting Standard 12 allows for future repairing liability to be treated as an
expense, which can be included within the profit and loss account of the firm. It
will then be excluded from the company‘s tax computation until it is incurred.
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Some leases allow tenants the option to exercise a break clause after a
specified period of time, but before the lease expires, for example an occupier
might be able to break a 10 year lease after five years.
At the end of the lease an occupier can be hit with a claim for all the
tangible aspects the landlord believes are wrong with the building. This is listed in
a Schedule of Dilapidations, usually compiled by the landlord‘s building surveyor.
It is often impractical for occupiers to carry out many of the repairs whilst
still in occupation. However, if the landlord then proceeds to undertake all the
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repairs, the tenant may be liable for the costs and professional fees incurred,
over which they have no control.
The Dilapidations Protocol sets out the steps the court would normally
expect prospective parties to have followed at lease end and prior to the
commencement of proceedings.
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Mesne Profits (pronounced mean profits) are the additional losses that a landlord
may suffer as a result of a tenant allowing a premises to fall into disrepair.
In a nutshell, they are the losses the landlord incurs for the rent, rates and
service charges for the period necessary for carrying out the repair works
required where the tenant has failed to do so. This period will include the time
required to prepare specifications, put out, receive and analyse tenders, select
and negotiate with a contractor and to supervise and sign off the works.
However, often the landlord will be expected to have taken appropriate steps
prior to the end of the term.
The fact that premises may have been re-let will not necessarily
extinguish or limit a claim for loss of rent, if the landlord can prove that in order to
secure the new lease he had to make concessions either in the form of reduced
rent, or a rent free period on recognition of the disrepair. However, this in itself
may not be sufficient evidence of loss of rent, as another tenant may have been
found who would have accepted the property in its state of disrepair without
requiring a rent free period.
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Surveyor’s Fees
The statement of claim may also include any reasonable costs and fees
incurred in obtaining advice on the extent of the works, preparing specifications for
the works and supervising the works. However, damages will not extend to the cost
of ascertaining whether or not the tenant has breached an obligation to repair, nor to
the costs of compiling or serving a schedule of dilapidations unless there is an
express covenant within the lease allowing the landlord to do so.
Similarly, the claim might include the landlord’s surveyor’s fees for
negotiating the claim. However, this can only be included where the lease explicitly
makes provision for this – otherwise, these fees are to be borne by the landlord.
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CHAPTER 3
The project
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This project was executed because of the new site reserved for the
relocation program is not the exact original site as to when the building was
dismantled and relocated in 1967. The original site has been over the years
been washed away into the river as a result of continuous erosion and
sedimentation of the river banks due to repeated flooding of Kelantan River.
As the building surveyor company, K Builders has been responsible to do
dilapidation survey and dilapidation report of Old Mosque of Kg Laut.
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In this relocation project, only the main prayer hall will be dismantled and
relocated. This is because most other additions to the mosque complex were
added in later years when it came under the management of Department of
Museum some years after relocation. These additions were also done in later
stage to meet the increasing demand from local community. Another reason is
that, the new site offered for this relocation program in Kg Laut, is rather tight to
accommodate the whole complex of the mosque. The additional components that
were added were the ablution structures, the entrance foyer on the rear and right
of the main prayer hall and a few gazebos.
Image 1.2 : The original site of the mosque and the current location at Nilam Puri
When these items are placed into the mosque, they help to enhance the
character and historic value of the mosque. This help to re-establish the nostalgic
feeling amongst the local community while at the same time alleviating the
mosque back to its original authenticity.
Image 1.3 & 1.4: ‗mimbar‘ (pulpit) which is in Pasir Pekan old mosque, and the
‗beduk‘ now in Muhammadi Mosque in Kota Bharu, which are included in the
relocation programme.
Image 1.5 & 1.6: intricate carvings of ‗mimbar‘ (pulpit) currently in Pasir Pekan
old mosque
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Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
Image 1.7: A plaque on the wall of the mosque, indicating conservation works
carried out by National Heritage Department in 2006
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K Builders Training & Consulting
Norumizafarhana binti Saimun
(2015180263)
The mosque was relocated from the original site, Kampong Laut which is
on the western bank of Kelantan River about 18 Km away. This relocation was
seen as one of the best options to save the building from further damage due to
frequent floodings of Kelantan River. Since 1966, the mosque in its new setting
has served well to students, staff and the local community here in Nilam Puri.
Although in the beginning the mosque was far from the river, frequent
flooding of Kelantan River has resulted in serious erosion to river bank and today
part of the original site is in fact in the river. The 1966 flood, known as ‗banjir
merah‘ had caused serious damage. The old mosque began to lean and tilt
further into the river. The extended spaces at the rear and right side of the
mosque has been washed into the river (refer photo next page). Soon a joint
effort by the ‗Persatuan Sejarah Malaysia‘ and the State Government began to
make efforts to save and to relocate the mosque. It was decided to be relocated
to Nilam Puri, next to Centre of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya.
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On May 8th 1970 (23 Rabiul Awal 1389), Tun Haji Hamdan bin Sheikh
Tahir on behalf of ‗Persatuan Sejarah Malaysia‘ (Malaysian Historical Society)
officially handed over the old mosque to the then Chief Minister of Kelantan, YAB
Dato‘ Haji Mohd Asri bin Haji Muda, who received on behalf of the State
Government.
Image 1.8: Tuan Haji Hamdan speaking, before handing back the
Mosque to the State Government in May 1970
Based on the oral history, passed down over generations, the current
Penghulu, Encik Mohd Ghazali Harun, mentioned his grandmother used to tell
that the mosque originally had tall columns, creating a huge and tall space
underneath the building. Such height allows an elephant with its standing mahout
with a sword pointing up, to pass through.
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Image 1.9: The photo of the mosque, showing the degree of destructions ,
exposing the columns that have been buried under the sand (right photo) after
the 1966 flood. This proves the mosque was built on high columns.
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Due to continuous erosion, most of the original site of the mosque has now been
displaced in the River Kelantan. A recent visit to the site, saw only a portion of
original site and cemetery are left. Some remaining tombstones were displaced
due to recent 2014 flood water. The site also, seems to be raised slightly higher
than the road level, due to sedimentation, when flood water has reseeded.
Soon after the old mosque was relocated to Nilam Puri, a new mosque were built
about 350 further west of the original site. It is a larger building, incorporating
conventional construction techniques of post and beam, using more durable
materials of bricks and reinforced concrete. The current mosque also serves as
jamek mosque, where Friday prayers are held.
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Image 2.1: Key Plan and the Proposed Site for the relocation program of
Kampung Laut Old Mosque, from current site about 18 Km distance, in Nilam
Puri Kota Bharu
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Image 2.2 Ground floor plan of current Masjid Kampung Laut, Nilam Puri, Kota
Bharu, Kelantan
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3.3 Element
The external wall at the mosque is made of solid timber wall paneling,
known as ‗Janda Berhias‘. It is believed the wood is from ‗Merbau‘ species.
However a recognized authority or department such as MTIB (Malaysia
Timber Industry Board) may need to be called in to check and confirm this.
There are a series of full height windows placed at the external wall,
directly connected to the aisle (‗serambi‘). The surface area of the wall at the
Main Prayer Hall is the largest which is approximately 126.4m², followed by
the external wall of ―Wakaf Orang Kaya‖ which is 53.6m². The least external
wall area is at the ―Balai Lintang‖ and Verandah which is 20.4m² because this
area has hardwood railings (‗Pagar Musang‘) at the perimeter.
At the Main Prayer Hall, the height of the wall is 1.9m for the lowest and
2.8m at the highest wall. Whereas at the ―Wakaf Orang Kaya‖, the lowest wall
is 2.2m and the highest wall height is 2.8m. The thickness of the wall at the
Main Prayer Hall and ―Wakaf Orang Kaya‖ is 25mm with 40mm structure
while the hardwood railing is 15mm thick.
There are two types of openings at the mosque. The window openings
along the ‗serambi‘ on the left side is of full height with double swing panels,
while at the ‗Wakaf Orang Kaya‘ (right side wall are provided with rather
unique sliding windows. The hardwood grill is openable from inside. There
are 12 full height windows at the Main Prayer Hall with each window has the
dimension of 1780mm * 960mm.
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(2015180263)
The floor to the Main Prayer Hall is raised about 910mm from the ground
while at the serambi is about 760mm from the ground (due to a drop in floor
level inside the mosque. The floor height is much lower than the original
height as seen in the original site.
The timber columns were buried deep in the sand due to erosion and
sedimentation. As such it was very difficult to lift and dismantle the posts. A
quick solution to dismantle was the timber columns were cut off, leaving the
remaining columns buried in the ground.
The story passed down for generations, mentioned that the mosque was
very tall. The space in between the floor and the ground was tall enough to
allow an elephant and its sword wielding mahout to pass through.
The floor boards are rather large thick, 100mmX75mm. this massive floor
has eliminated the use of floor joists to support, The Main Prayer Hall has the
largest area, which is about 222.4m. The ―Balai Lintang‖ and Verandah has
an area of 121.5m², while the ‗Wakaf Orang Kaya‘ is about 49.7m².
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(2015180263)
In the space underneath the raised timber flooring, some columns suffer
serious cracks and rot. Most appear to have larger gap at the base and gets
smaller as it reaches the area where bearers run through. All columns are placed
on concrete base/plinth measuring about 405mm cube. The base is also tied via
metal plates fixed into the top surface of the concrete base. The plate helps to
give extra hold and strength to column, even though serious cracks are
happening. The ground seems dry and thus, there is less threat to dampness
and water getting into the end grain via capillary action, ie from ground to
columns.
Images 2.3, 2.4 & 2.5: Some indications on condition level at column base. There
is clear a evident that serious rots inside the wood is taking place. These may
need repair or replacement with proper treatment.
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(2015180263)
Serious end rots at almost all joints and connections involves connections
between hip ridge and purlin. This is dangerous because poor and displacement
of connections may result in slips or chipping off. This may lead the timber to fall
down, posing injuries to people in the prayer hall.
The top tier roof, is reachable via a cat ladder permanently fixed on a landing
near the niche (‗mihrab‘) area. The ladder connects to the attic floor right
underneath the top tier roof. The attic floor is made of tounge and grooved timber
boardings.
Images 2.6, 2.7 & 2.8: Other component that show signs of rot is the end of hip
ridge (‗kasau perabong‘) and at connections between purlins (‗gulung-gulung‘)
and the hip ridge.
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Repair should
1. E1 Still in good condition.
refer method A
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Floor Plan
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Location of stump
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Left Elevation
Right Elevation
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Front Elevation
Rear Elevation
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3.6 Appendices
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CHAPTER 4
Problem Identify
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Problem:
Solution:
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Problems:
Solutions:
When buildings are regularly maintained, the period between more drastic
interventions can be greatly prolonged. For instance in Japan, at Himeji Castle,
built at the beginning of the seventeenth century, the castle lords checked
vertical and horizontal distortions every twenty to thirty years, and reinforced or
repaired the buildings as required, by adding braces and supports, and replacing
roof-tiles. This was regarded as regular maintenance.
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CHAPTER 5
Conclusion
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Starting from 24th July until 30th September 2017 had been placed at K
Builders Training and Consulting for my Industrial Training. I am very thankful
and fell very honoured for the opportunity given to me to learn and gain
experience in the industrial life. Being placed at the Building Survey agency is
very different situation from working at the goverment sector.
In the industry of building survey, there are many aspect the must be
taken seriously. Quality, money, time and disciplines are very important aspects
that affecting the field work. The culture in works is vital in every industries, it
teaches people on how to manage their work. The difference of working culture
between in the office and construction sites must be familiarized. Working in the
private sector is not easy as they always need to pay attention to various projects
at the same time. They need to analyze and making decision when it comes to
choose the suitable method to ensure that the defect of the building that have
been inspect can be overcome. They also must make sure that all the projects
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done meet the standard and requirement that have been set up by all the act and
guidelines of Building Surveyor that have been set out.
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REFERENCES
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APPENDICES
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Doing inspection work for dilapidation survey in Projek Perumahan Rakyat (PPR)
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