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  • Estática de Fluido Ejercicios PDF

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    5 vistas38 páginas

    Estática de Fluido Ejercicios PDF

    Cargado por

    Eric Andrés Pallero Castillo

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Descargue como PDF o lea en línea desde Scribd
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    27 Chapter 3 Fluid Statics PROBLEM SELECTION GUIDE Sec Exer/Prob Units Difficulty Length Parts Similar ial features 3.2 Variation of Pressure in a Static Fluid X'3.2.1 BG VEasy VShot 13.2.2 3.22 SI VEay VShot 1 3.2.1 323 BG VEsy VShot 1 P31 Uses Sec. 2.3 324 BG VEasy VShot 1 P 3a St VEasy VShort 1 3.2.3 Uses Sec. 2.3, 3.2 BG = Medium Medium 1 33 BG Hard © Medium 1 Differ'n, integr’n. Uses Secs 2.3 & 2.5, 3.3 Pressure Expressed in Height of Fluid X331 Sl VEsy VShort 2 3.3.2 33.2 BG VEsy VShot 2 3.3.1 33.3 SI VEsy VShort 1 P34 «BG Bey = Ston Integration 3.5 BG Medium Long = Trial & error; uses Secs. 2.3, 2.7, 2.12 3.4 Absolute and Gage Pressures X341 BG Bay © VShon 1 3.4.2 3.4.2 Sl Easy = Shot 13.4.1 3.4.3 St Easy Short 1 aa Gt heya Sat I 3.4.5 St Easy Shon 1 3.4.3.4 34.6 BG Easy Shon = 2 P36 Bo Easy = Medium 1 Unit conversions 3.7 BG Medium = Medium 1 3.8 Uses pu = RT (See. 2.7) 3.8 SI Medium Medium 2 3.7 Uses pu = RT (Sec. 2.7) Jeont... TFor all Exercises (identified by "X"), answers are given in Appendix F of the textbook. X = Exercise, P = (end-of-chapter) Problem, $ = Sample Problem. 28 Sec Exer/Prob Units 3.5 Measurement of Pressure X351 BG V Eny 3.5.2 SIV Easy 3.53 Sl V Easy 35.4 BG Easy 355 BG Easy 3.5.6 SI Easy 35.7 BG Easy 35.8 BG Easy 359 BG Easy 3.5.10 BG Easy 3.5.11 SI Easy P39 St Easy 3.10 = N Medium 3.1 SI Medium 3.122 BG Medium 3.7 Center of Pressure X37.1 oN Bay 372 oN Easy 3.73 N Medium 3.74 N Medium 375 N_ Medium 3.1.6 SI Easy 3.7.7 Sl Easy 3.78 BG Easy 3.7.9 SI Easy 3.7.10 BG Easy 3.7.11 BG Medium 37.12 SI Easy 3.7.13 BG Easy 3714 SI Easy 37S SI Easy 3.716 BG Easy P 3.13 N_ | Medium 3.14 St Medium 3.15 BG Medium 3.16 SI Medium 3.17 BG i 3.18 BG 3.19 BG V Short V Short Short Short Short Short Short Short Short Short Short Medium Short Medium Long V Short V Short Short Short Medium Short Short Short Short Medium Short Medium, Medium, Medium Medium Medium, 3.5.6 35.5 3.5.11 3.5.10 3.7.14 3.7.13 Difficulty Length Parts Similar Special features Unit conversions Uses pu = RT (Sec. 2.1) Uses pu = RT (Sec. 2.7) Interpolation ‘Symbols only Optional integration Integration ‘Moments Moments Moments Moments ‘Moments Jeont... Sec 38 39 3.10 Exer/Prob Units Difficulry Length Force on Curved Surface X381 BG VEsy —V Short 3.8.2 BG 383 st 384 OB 3.8.5 BG 386 BG 387 BG 3.8.8 SI 389 SI 3.8.10 BG P 3.20 BG 3.21 SI 32 st 323 BG Buoyancy and Stability of Submerged and Floating Bodies 39.1 BG VEasy —V Short 3.9.2 SIV Easy V Short 3.93 BG Easy Short 3.9.4 SI Easy Short 39.5 BG Easy Short 39.6 BG Easy — Short 3.9.7 Sl Easy Short 3.9.8 Sl Easy Medium 3.9.9 Sl Easy Medium 3.9.10 BG Medium Medium 3.9.11 BG Medium Medium 3.9.12 SI Medium Medium P 3.24 SI Medium — Medium 3.25 BG = Medium = Medium 3.26 BG = Medium = Medium 3.27 BG Medium = Medium 3.28 BG Medium = Medium 3.29 SI Medium — Medium 3.30 BG Medium Long Fluid Masses Subjected to Acceleration X3.10.1 BG Easy Short 3.10.2 Sl Easy Short 3.103 BG Easy Short 3.10.4 SI Easy Short 3.105 BG Easy Short 3.10.6 SI Easy Short 3.10.7 BG Easy = Medium 3.10.8 SI Easy = Medium P 331 SI Medium — Medium 332 BG Medium = Medium Parts 3.9.12 3.9.11 3.26 3.25 3.29 3.28 3.10.2 3.10.1 3.10.4 3.10.3 3.10.6 3.10.5 3.10.8 3.10.7 $3.10 Unit conversions Integration; moments Requires planimetry; moments or cutout Moments or cutout ‘Simultaneous equations ‘Simultaneous equations Differentiation Moments Moments Moments Uses pu Uses pu Moments Moments Moments Moments RI (See. 2.7) RI (See. 2.7) Sketch, ‘Sketch 30 sec. 3.2, Prob. 3.1 Chapter 3 FLUID STATICS Sec 3.2: Variation of Pressure in a Static Fluid — Exercises (4) 321 BG 32.2 SI 3.2.3 BG 324 BG [Neglecting the pressure on the surface and the compressibility of water, what isthe pressure in pounds per square inch on the ocean floor at a depth of 15,500 ft? The specific weight of ocean water under ordinary conditions is 64.0 lb/ft. Eq. 3.4: p = yh = 64,0(15,500)/144 = 6890 psi Neglecting the pressure on the surface and the compressibility of water, what is the pressure in KPa at a depth of an instrument 4600 m below the surface of the ocean? The specific weight of ocean water under ordinary conditions is 10.05 kN/n?. Eq. 3.4: p = yh = 10.05(4600) = 46700 KNim? =< A pressure gage at elevation 18.0 ft on the side of an industrial tank containing a liquid reads 11.4 psi. Another gauge at elevation 12.0 ft reads 13.7 psi. Compute the specific weight, density, and specific gravity of the liquid. From Eq.3.3: 4p = (Ah); (13.7 ~ 11.4146 = 708-12); 7 = 55.2Ib 55.2 2 W241: p=te = 1.714 slugv/f? 4s = = 0.8854 . ene 2 = ea Where an underground oil pipeline crosses under a stream in a gully, it is 68 ft deeper than on either side. When the oi (5 = 0.88) is not flowing, what is the oil pressure in the line under the stream, if itis 32 psi at each side of the gully? P, = 32 psi. Using Eq. 3.4: p, = py + 1d = p, + Syvt = 32.0 + 0.88(62.4)68/144 = 57.9 psi ‘Sec. 3.2: Variation of Pressure in a Static Fluid — Problems 3.1-3.3 341 A pressure gage at elevation 4.8 m on the side of a storage tank containing oil reads 34.7 kPa. Another ‘gage at elevation 2.2 m reads 57.5 kPa. Compute the specific weight, density, and specific gravity of the liquid. From Bq. 3.3: y= 42 = GIS= 37H) _ gy pin? 4h G8 - 22 m) ai: p= 1 = STONIm _ 8770 Ckg-ms*¥m _ 499 Kgins ee ee oma 9.81 myst a Seo.23: 5° Li Se 08m 4 32 33 Sec. 3.3, Prob. 3.3 31 On a certain day the barometric pressure at sea level is 30.0 inklg and the temperature is 60°F. The ‘pressure gage on an airplane flying overhead indicates that the atmospheric pressure at that point is 9.7 ‘Psia and that the temperature is 42°F. Calculate as accurately as you can the height of the airplane above ‘Sea level. Assume a linear decrease of temperature with elevation. At sea level: p, = 30.0 inFlg(14.696 psia/29.92 inHg) = 14.74 psia Per Sample Prob. 3.1(d) with linear lapse rate b: T= a + bz and so axbey@ (ry 9.7 _ (42 +460ye" : . a (4) Fle ass el } —B/Rb = 10g0.658/10g0.965 = 11.87 Table A.S for ai: R= 1715 £7/s00%"R). Tat be: 42 + 460 = 60 + 460 — 0.001582; z 32.2/(1715b) = 11.87; b = -0.001 582°F/f 1380 << Repeat Exer. 3.2.1, but consider the effects of compressibility (E, = 330,000 psi). Neglect changes in density caused by temperature variations. (Hint: As a starting point, express Eq. (2.3) in terms of y and integrate to determine y as a function of z.) Exer. 3.2.1: Find the pressure (psi) at a depth of 15,500 ft in the ocean (y = 64.0 pof at the surface). Neglect the pressure on the surface. From Eqs. 2.2 and 2.1: » = Up = gly Differentiating, * a + from Eq. 2.3: E, But also (Eq. 3.2): y = ~dpldz (Note: p increases as elevation z decreases.) Equating expressions, separating variables, and integrating: : 5 oe oer [oro Teme «(eof #.. (64 pet(-15,500 £) ] = 6960 psi < = (330,000 psi) |in 1 ~ In {1 + _ vsoh ( (330,000 Tbyin?\(144 in?/f?), Sec 3.3: Pressure Expressed in Height of Fluid - Exercises (3) 33.1 SI An open tank contains 5.0 m of water covered with 2 m of oil (y = 8.0 kN/m’). Find the gage pressure (a) dt the interface between the liquids and (b) at the bottom of the tank. @ Eq. 3.4: p= yh = @kN/m)2 m= 16 KN/m? = 16 kPa at interface << (©) py = 16 + (9.8195 = 65.1 kN/m? = 65.1 kPa at tank bottom 32 sec. 3.3.2 BG 33.3 3.8, Prob. 3.5 ‘An open tank contains 7 ft of water covered with 2.2 ft of oil (s = 0.88). Find the gage pressure (a) at the interface between the liquids and (b) at the bottom of the tank. (@) Bq. 3.4: p = yh = 0.88(62.4)2.2/144 = 0.839 psi at interface () Py = 0.839 + 62.4(7)/144 = 3.87 psi at tank bottom < If air had a constant specific weight of 12 Nim? and were incompressible, what would be the height of air surrounding the earth to produce a pressure at the surface of 101.3 kPa abs? Eq. 3.5: k= ply 101.3/12.00 84¢km 4 Sec. 3.3: Pressure Expressed in Height of Fluid — Problems 3.4—3.5 34 35 BG If the specific weight of a sludge can be expressed as y = 64.0 + 0.20h, determine the pressure in psi at a depth of 14 ft below the surface. y isin Ib(f, and his in feet below the surface. Eq. 3.2: dp = ydh = (64+022A)dh ; integrating both sides: p = 64h + 0.110? Fork = 14 ft: p = 64(14)/144 + 0.11(14)'/144 = 6.37 psi A bubble 4 in below the water surface contains 2 x 107 Ib of air. If the temperature is 60°F and the barometric pressure is 14.7 psia, calculate the diameter of the bubble. Refer to Secs. 2.7 and 2.12, and ignore the partial pressure of water vapor inside the bubble. Appendix A, Table A.1 for water at 60°F: 0 = 0.005 04 Ib/ft Table A.5 for air: R = 1715 f(se%"R). Let bubble radius = r ft. a yRT W_ 2x107 From Eq. 2.5: Inside bubble py, = 722 where y = © = 2 8 V3)? Pag = 2XIO7 ye 1715460 + 60) _ 0.001322 «Gr ‘32. r Also, inside bubble Pic = Pam + Peace + AP son —- eee “

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