1.

Tres cargas puntuales 𝑞1, 𝑞2 𝑌 𝑞3 se encuentran ubicadas en los vértices de un

triángulo equilátero. Calcule la fuerza resultante sobre la carga 𝑞2 , si
𝑞1 = 2× 10−6 𝐶 𝑞1

𝑞2 = 3× 10−6 𝐶

𝑞3 = −3× 10−6 𝐶

r = 1m r r

𝑞3 r 𝑞2

Solución
𝑞1 𝑞2
𝐹1 2 = K
𝑟2

𝑁𝑚2 (2×10−6 𝐶) (3×10−6 𝐶)

𝐹1 2 = 9 × 109
𝐶2 (1 𝑚)2

54×10−3 𝑁𝑚2 𝐶2
𝐹1 2 = = 54 × 10−3 𝑁
1𝑚2 𝐶2
𝑞2 𝑞3
𝐹2 3 = K
𝑟2

𝑁𝑚2 (3×10−6 𝐶) (−3×10−6 𝐶)

𝐹2 3 = 9 × 109
𝐶2 (1 𝑚)2

−81×10−3 𝑁𝑚2 𝐶2
𝐹2 3 = = −81 × 10−3 𝑁
1𝑚2 𝐶2

𝐹1 2 𝑋 = 54 × 10−3 𝑁 . cos(60° )
𝐹1 2 𝑋 = 0, 027 𝑁
𝐹1 2 𝑋 = 27 × 10−3 𝑁 𝑖
𝐹1 2 𝑦 = 54 × 10−3 𝑁 . sin(60° )
𝐹1 2 𝑦 = 0,0467 𝑁
𝐹1 2 𝑦 = 46,7 × 10−3 𝑁 𝑗
𝐹𝑁 = 𝐹1 2 + 𝐹2 3
𝐹𝑁 = 27 × 10−3 𝑁 𝑖 − 81 × 10−3 𝑁 𝑖 + 46,7 × 10−3 𝑁 𝑗
𝐹𝑁 = −54 × 10−3 𝑁 𝑖 + 46,7 × 10−3 𝑁 𝑗

|𝐹𝑁 | = √(−54 × 10−3 𝑁)2 + (46 × 10−3 𝑁)2

|𝐹𝑁 | = 71,39 × 10−3 𝑁
𝑦
𝜃 = tan−1 ( )
𝑥

−1
46,7 × 10−3 𝑁
𝜃 = tan ( )
−54 × 10−3 𝑁
𝜃 = −40,85°
2. La figura muestra tres cargas puntuales colocadas en los vértices de un triángulo
rectángulo. Calcule la fuerza resultante que actúa sobre 𝑞3 si:

𝑞1 = 1 C 𝑞1
𝑞2 = -3 C
𝑞3 = 2 C 𝑟1

𝑟1 = 20 Cm = 2 × 10−1 𝑚
𝑟2 = 30 Cm = 3 × 10−1 𝑚
𝑟3 = ? 𝑞2 𝑟2 𝑞3

Solución

𝑞1 𝑞3
𝐹1 3 = K (𝑟3 )2
𝑟3 = √(𝑟1 )2 + (𝑟2 )2
𝑁𝑚2 (1𝐶) (2𝐶)
𝐹1 3 = 9 × 109 𝑟3 = √(20 𝐶𝑚)2 + (30 𝐶𝑚)2
𝐶2 (3.6×10−1 𝑚)2

18×109 𝑁𝑚2 𝐶2 𝑟3 = 36 Cm = 3,6 × 10−1 𝑚

𝐹1 3 = 2 = 1,38 × 1011 𝑁
12.96×10−2 𝑚 𝐶2
20
𝜃 = tan−1 ( )
30

𝐹2 3 = K
𝑞2 𝑞3 𝜃 = 33,7°
(𝑟2 )2
𝑁𝑚2 (−3𝐶) (2𝐶)
𝐹2 3 = 9 × 109
𝐶 2 (3×10−1 𝑚)2

−54×109 𝑁𝑚2 𝐶2
𝐹2 3 = 2 2 = −6 × 1011 𝑁
9×10−2 𝑚 𝐶

𝐹1 3 𝑋 = 1,38 × 1011 𝑁 . cos(33,7° )

𝐹1 3 𝑋 = 1,14 × 1011 𝑁 𝑖

𝐹1 3 𝑌 = 1,38 × 1011 𝑁 . sin(33,7° )

𝐹1 3 𝑌 = 7,65 × 1011 𝑁 𝑗
𝐹𝑁 = 𝐹1 3 + 𝐹2 3
𝐹𝑁 = 1,4 × 1011 𝑁 𝑖 + 7,65 × 1010 𝑁 𝑗 − 6 × 1011 𝑁 𝑖
𝐹𝑁 = −4,86 × 1011 𝑁 𝑖 + 7,65 × 1010 𝑁 𝑗

|𝐹𝑁 | = √(−4,86 × 1011 𝑁 )2 + (7,65 × 1010 𝑁)2

|𝐹𝑁 | = 4,91 × 1011 𝑁

𝑦
𝜃 = tan−1 ( )
𝑥

−1
7,65 × 1010 𝑁
𝜃 = tan ( )
−4,86 × 1011 𝑁
𝜃 = −8,94°
3. Cuatro cargas puntuales se colocan en las esquinas en un cuadrado de
lado 100 Cm. La carga 𝑞1 = 3 × 10−4 C. 𝑞2 = 2𝑞1 , 𝑞3 = 3𝑞1 , 𝑞4 =
−4𝑞1 . Hallar el valor de la fuerza que actúa sobre 𝑞4 .

𝑞1 = 3 × 10−4 C
𝑞2 = 2𝑞1 = 2(3 × 10−4 C) = 6 × 10−4 𝐶
𝑞3 = 3𝑞1 = 3(3 × 10−4 C) = 9 × 10−4 𝐶
𝑞4 = −4𝑞1 = −4(3 × 10−4 C) = −12 × 10−4 𝐶
𝑟1 = 100 𝐶𝑚 = 1𝑚
𝑟2 = ?

Solución
𝑞1 𝑞4
𝐹1 4 = K 𝑟2 = √𝑟 2 + 𝑟 2
(𝑟1 )2
𝑁𝑚2 (3×10−4 𝐶) (−12×10−4 𝐶) 𝑟2 = √1𝑚2 + 1𝑚2
𝐹1 4 = 9 × 109
𝐶2 (1 𝑚)2
𝑟2 = 1,41𝑚
1 2 2
−324 × 10 𝑁𝑚 𝐶
𝐹1 4 =
1𝑚2 𝐶2
𝐹1 4 = −324 × 101 𝑁
𝑞3 𝑞4
𝐹3 4 = K (𝑟1 )2
𝑁𝑚2 (9×10−4 𝐶) (−12×10−4 𝐶)
𝐹3 4 = 9 × 109
𝐶2 (1 𝑚)2

−972 × 101 𝑁𝑚2 𝐶2

𝐹3 4 =
1𝑚2 𝐶2
𝐹3 4 = −972 × 101 𝑁
 𝑞2 𝑞4
𝐹2 4 = K (𝑟2 )2
𝑁𝑚2 (6×10−4 𝐶) (−12×10−4 𝐶)
𝐹2 4 = 9 × 109
𝐶2 (1,41 𝑚)2

−648 × 101 𝑁𝑚2 𝐶2

𝐹2 4 =
2𝑚2 𝐶2
𝐹2 4 = −324 × 101 𝑁

𝐹2 4 𝑥 = −324 × 101 𝑁 . cos(45° )

𝐹2 4 𝑥 = −2291,02 𝑁
𝐹2 4 𝑦 = −324 × 101 𝑁 . sin(45° )
𝐹2 4 𝑦 = −2291,02 𝑁

𝐹𝑁 = 𝐹1 4 + 𝐹2 4 + 𝐹3 4

𝐹𝑁 = −972 × 101 𝑁 𝑖 − 2291,02 𝑁 𝑖 − 2291,02 𝑁 𝑗 − 324 × 101 𝑁 𝑗

𝐹𝑁 = −12011 × 101 𝑁 𝑖 − 5531 × 101 𝑁 𝑗

|𝐹𝑁 | = √(−12011𝑁 )2 + (−5531𝑁)2

|𝐹𝑁 | = 13223,31𝑁

𝑦
𝜃 = tan−1 ( )
𝑥
−5531𝑁
𝜃 = tan−1 ( )
−12011𝑁
𝜃 = 0,46°
JAIRO JUNIOR ACOSTA GUTIERRES
LIC. CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EDUCASION AMBIENTAL
UNIVERSIDAD POPULAR DEL CESAR