Paper I-III, Previous year

questions(2001-2017) – Chapterwise
GENERAL PATHOLOGY

A. The Cell as a Unit of Health and Disease

1. Paper I - Collagen and its uses (5); Pathology of collagen (5); Collagen type and
structure(5)
2. Cytoskeletal abnormalities (5)
3. Structure of endoplasmic reticulum (5)
4. Cell adhesion proteins (5x3; also in Paper II)
5. Paper II - Describe in detail about stem cells, types and role in homeostasis(5x2)
6. Phases of cell cycle(2)
7. Microfilaments (5)
8. Structure of basement membrane (5x2)
9. Fibrillar collagens (2)
10. Represent diagrammatically cell cycle with its landmarks.(5)
11. Cytoskeletal abnormailities(5)
12. Tonofilaments(5)
13. Growth factors(5)
B. Cellular Responses to Stress and Toxic Insults
1. Paper I -Mechanism of cellular aging (5)
2. Psammoma bodies (2x2 also in Paper II); Name five tumours that have them (2)
3. Fibrinoid necrosis (2)
4. Discuss the role of free radicals in Ischemic reperfusion injury.(10x4, ALSO IN PAPER
ii); Free radicals(5x3; also in Paper II); Enzymes as free radical scavengers(2); Oxygen
derived free radicals(5)
5. Mechanism of irreversible cell injury(6)
6. Pathological calcification(5x3,10; also in Paper II)
7. Morphological and biochemical changes in apoptosis (5)
8. Paper II -Describe about pigments (2)
9. Write briefly about hyperplasia (2)
10. Intestinal metaplasia(2)
11. Enumerate the causes of cell injury. Discuss the morphologic changes in cell injury
culminating in necrosis or apoptosis.(10)
12. Role of calcium in cell injury(2,5)
13. Nuclear changes in necrosis (2)
14. What is the gross appearance of fat necrosis in the mesentry?(2)
15. Fat necrosis(5)
16. What are myelin figures?(2)
17. Types of necrosis(5)
18. Types of ischaemia and pathogenesis(5)
19. Gangrene(5)
 20. Antioxidants(2)
21. Actions of caspase 3(5)
22. Apoptosis in health and disease.(5x3,10); Define apoptosis. Enumerate its causes.
Discuss mechanisms of apoptosis with suitable examples.(10x2)
23. Two pathways of initiation of apoptosis(2)
24. Endogenous pigments (5)
25. Lipofuscin pigment (2x3; often asked)
26. 4 examples of intracellular accumulation of protein (2); Intracellular accumulation of
proteins (5x2)
27. Hyaline change (2)
28. Red bile/Bilirubin(2)
29. ER stress (2); Chaperones(2)
30. Describe the significance of telomere shortening and cell senescence. Discuss in
detail the modes of detection and significance of senescent cells(10).
31. Cellular aging(5x4; often asked)
32. Dystrophic calcification (5); Metastatic calcification (5)
33. Lipogranuloma (2)
34. Hemosiderin associated disease(5)
C. Inflammation and Repair
1. Paper I -Membrane attack complex (2)
2. Chemokines (5)
3. Macrophages in health and disease (5,10)
4. Granules of eosinophils (2); Eosinophils in health and disease (5)
5. Discuss the role of endothelial cells in health and disease.(20)
6. Complications of repair reaction(5)
7. Define regeneration and healing. Discuss the various mechanisms which control
normal cell proliferation.(10x2); Describe the mechanism of wound healing and
factors which influence wound healing (10); Phases of cutaneous wound healing.(5;
Paper II) Write a brief note on healing of specific organ (5)
8. Chemical mediators (5x2; also in Paper II)
9. Granulomas (5)
10. Cytokines (5)
11. Interleukins (5)
12. Paper II -ROLE OF INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS IN INFLAMMATION (2)
13. Classify inflammation. Discuss the cardinal signs of inflammation and vascular events
in acute inflammation.(10)
14. Define inflammation. Discuss the role of various chemical mediators in acute
inflammation.(10x2)
15. Acute inflammatory response (5); Discuss mechanisms responsible for increased
vascular permeability in acute inflammation.(5x2); Discuss cellular and molecular
events of acute inflammation (10)
16. Process of leucocyte migration and role of adhesion molecules(5)
17. Leucocyte receptors (2; also in neoplasia chapter)
18. Discuss about leucocyte function in inflammation and the describe leucocyte
function tests and clinical conditions with defects in leucocyte functions (10)
 19.Phagocytic function tests (5)
20.Pyrogens (2)
21.Functions of leukotrienes(5)
22.Alternate pathway of complement(5)
23.Functions of plasma proteins (5)
24.Role of adhesion molecules in inflammation (10)
25.Integrins (5)
26.Heat shock proteins (5x2)
27.Fibronectins(5)
28.Interferons and its role in disease(5)
29.Arachidonic acid metabolites(5)
30.Role of fibroblasts in wound healing (2)
31.Collagen in wound healing (5)
32.Connective tissue remodelling(5x2)
33.Growth factors in wound healing (5)
34.Healing by second intention (2,5)
35.Acute phase proteins (2)
36.Neutrophil granules(2)
37.Macrophages in health and disease (10)
38.Angiogenesis in inflammation and replair(5); Discuss in detail the mechanisms of
angiogenesis. Describe the growth factors and receptors involved in angiogenesis
and regulation of angiogenesis; Mechanism of angiogenesis (10x2,5; Given better in
older editions of Robbins)
39. Immune granuloma(2)
40. Name the mononuclear phagocyte of the bone.(2)
41. What is granulomatous inflammation? Give examples of diseases of granulomatous
inflammation. Discuss pathogenesis of immune granulomas with reference to
Tuberculosis.(10x2,5x2)
D. Hemodynamic disorders
1. Paper I -Autopsy finding in lung in a case of amniotic fluid embolism. (2)
2. Discuss etiopathogenesis and pathology of hemodynamic pulmonary edema.(5)
3. Multiple organ failure(6); Discuss the pathology of multiple organ failure
syndrome(20)
4. Discuss the role of endothelial cells in health and disease.(20x2,5; also in Paper II)
5. Role of NO in shock (5)
6. Septic shock (5x2)
7. Pulmonary infarction (5x2; also in Paper II)
8. Define shock. Classify shock, Discuss briefly the pathogenesis of various types of
shocks and morphological changes seen in various organs (10x4 also in Paper II)
9. Paper II-Lines of zahn (2)
10. Define oedema. Discuss etiopathogenesis and morphology(10x2); Pathogenesis of
edema(5); Lymphoedema (2)
11. Discuss pathogenesis, pathology and complications of septic shock (10); Recent
concepts in pathogenesis of shock(5); stages of shock(5,2) SHOCK IS VERY
IMPORTANT
 12. Thromboplastin (2)
13. Discuss the etiopathogenesis of thrombosis. Enumerate the hypercoagulable
pathologic conditions and discuss in detail about them(10x3); Etiology of thrombus
formation (5)
14. Fate of thrombus(5); Virchow’s triad (5)
15. Define embolism. What are the types of emboli? Discuss the etiopathogenesis and
morphology and clinical features of each in detail.(10x2)
16. Amniotic fluid embolism(5); Fat embolism (5); Pulmonary embolism(2)
17. Chokes and bends (2); Caisson disease (2,5)
18. Gas embolism (5)
19. Discuss the types and morphology of infarction (10,2,5); Haemorrhagic infarcts (2);
Infarction and types of infarct (2); Morphology of infarct (5)
20. Anti phospholipid antibody(5)
21. PAPER III – Protein C
E. Genetic Disorders
1. Paper I- Features of autosomal recessive disease (2)
2. WOLMAN disease (2)
3. Mosaicism in genetics (2)
4. Cytogenetics of Down’s syndrome (2)
5. Barr body(5)
6. Lysosomal storage disorders (5x3, also in Paper II)
7. Pathology of collagen (5)
8. Glycogen storage disorder(5)
9. Albinism(5)
10. Fragile chromosomes(5)
11. Ochronosis(5x2;also in paper II)
12. Role of cytogenetics in prenatal diagnosis(5)
13. Paper II- Features of autosomal dominant disorders.(2,5x2)
14. Enumerate 4 autosomal dominant inherited cancer syndromes (2)
15. Chorionic villus sampling (2)
16. Turner syndrome (5)
17. Neimann Pick disease (5)
18. Types of mutations (2)
19. Explain the pathogenesis of lysosomal storage disorders and discuss about glycogen
storage disorders(10)
20. Recent advances in karyotyping techniques.(10)
21. Karyotyping banding techniques(2)
22. Genetic disorders associated with maternal inheritance(2)
23. Mosaicism(2)
24. Gaucher cell(2); gaucher’s disease (5)
25. Shox gene(2)
26. Familial hypercholesterolemia(5x2)
27. Array based genome hybridization (5)
28. Lyon hypothesis(2)
29. Homeobox proteins (2)
 30.Fragile X syndrome (5)
31.Von Gierke’s disease (5)
32.Werner syndrome (2)
33.FMR gene(2)
34.Spectral karyotyping (2)
35.Discuss the cytogenetic disorders involving autosomes and sex chromosomes(10);
Disorders due to sex chromosomes(5)
36. Klinefelter’s syndrome (5)
37. Diseases with multifactorial inheritance (2)
38. What is the inheritance pattern in autosomal dominant Disorders(2)
39. What is the mechanism underlying increasing maternal age causing fetal trisomy(2)
40. Functional consequences of mutation(5); Mutations (5)
41. McArdle disease (5)
42. Amino acid disorders (5)
43. Genomic imprinting(5)
44. Discuss the various methods used in the post natal diagnosis of genetic diseases(10)
45. Prenatal diagnosis of genetic disease (5)
46. Bloom’s syndrome(5)
F. Diseases of the Immune System
1. Paper I- HLA system(5)
2. Define amyloidosis. Discuss etiopathogenesis, physical and chemical properties of
amyloid. Add a note on stains for amyloid. (10) Amyloid proteins (2); Classification of
amyloidosis(5x3, paper II)
3. Morphology of amyloidosis in spleen(2); Lardaceous spleen (2)
4. Discuss the mechanisms of autoimmune diseases. Describe the etiopathogenesis,
pathology and lab diagnosis of SLE (10x3,5; also in paper II); What are the
classification criteria for the diagnosis of SLE?(5)
5. Lupus Nephritis (5)
6. Lab diagnosis of autoimmune disease(5, 10 also in paper II)
7. Mediators of Type I hypersensitivity (5)
8. Anaphylaxis(5)
9. Write about Dendritic cells in normal and in diseases(10)
10. Graft versus host reaction (5x3; also in Paper II)
11. Discuss the 4 types of transplantation grafts.(5)
12. Oppurtunistic infections in AIDS (5)
13. Primary immuno deficiency(5x6; also in paper II)
14. Discuss the pathogenesis and pathology of AIDS (10); Pulmonary lesions in AIDS (5)
15. Paper II- T-CELL MEDIATED DISEASE (2)
16. T cell receptor(5x2)
17. Class II HLA molecule (2); HLA antigens in health and disease(5x4,10)
18. Discuss mast cell in health and disease (10)
19. Mechanism of rejection (5); Discuss in detail the mechanisms involved in transplant
rejection. Give an account of methods of improving graft survival(10,5)
 20. Antibodies pathognomic of SLE (2); Tabulate auto antibodies is SLE with prevalence
percentage, Antigens recoginsed and the clinical utility of tests detecting the
antibodies.(5)
21. Anti nuclear antibodies in autoimmune disease (5)
22. Tabulate genetic and acquired diseases of leukocyte function with enumeration of
the defect in each disease.(5); Functional leucocyte abnormalities and
disorders.(5x2)
23. Chronic granulomatous disease (5x2,2)
24. Classify immunodeficiency syndromes. Name the genetically determined
immunodeficiences. Write briefly about x-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s
agammaglobulinemia).(10)
25. DiGeorge syndrome(2)
26. Wiskott Aldrich syndrome (2)
27. Serum amyloid associated protein(2)
28. Precursor proteins of amyloid(5)
29. What is the reason for decrease in tears and saliva in sicca syndrome?(2)
30. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis.(5)
31. Antibody mediated hypersensitivity reaction(5)
32. Anaphylatoxins (2)
33. Cytotoxicity(5)
34. T cell immunodeficiency in HIV(5)
35. HIV associated respiratory infections (10)
36. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (2)
37. Mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV(5)
38. Immune complex reactions (5)
39. PAPER III - Enumerate the Direct & Indirect mechanisms that lead to CD4+ T cell
dysfunction & depletion in HIV infection.
40. Classification and pathogenesis of Sjogren’s syndrome
41. HIV related lymphadenopathy
G. Neoplasia
1. Paper I- Molecular basis of cancer (5).
2. Briefly about proto-oncogenes, oncogenes and oncoprotein (2)
3. Genes associated with apoptosis (2)
4. Perineurial invasion (2)
5. Warburg effect (2)
6. Tumour antigens (5x3)
7. Proteases in tumour cell invasion (2x2)
8. WHO definition of tumour (2)
9. Two examples of heterotopia(2)
10. Bcl2 gene (2)
11. What is the mechanism of Tumour angiogenesis?(5)
12. Define Neoplasia. Discuss staging, grading systems and types of spread of tumors.
Discuss the pathogenesis, initiation, induction and promotion of neoplasia by
chemical carcinogens.(20)
13. Lab diagnosis of cancer (5, 10x2; also in Paper II)
 14. Tumour markers (5x4, also in Paper II)
15. Paraneopalastic syndromes (5x6,2, also in Paper II) Often asked
16. Chemical carcinogens (5x2, also in Paper II)
17. Mechanism of invasion and metastases(5x3; also in paper II)
18. Paper II- SEROLOGICAL TUMOUR MARKERS(2)
19. Leucocyte defective function in inflammation (2)
20. P53 and its role in carcinogenesis (5x2)
21. Epigenetics in cancer(2)
22. Classify carcinogens. Discuss chemical carcinogens(10)
23. Enumerate oncogenic viruses (2); Discuss the pathogenesis of viral oncogenesis with
examples.(10x5,5)
24. Tumour suppressor genes (5x3)
25. Epigenetics (2)
26. Double stranded breaks(2)
27. Describe the molecular basis of cancer and discuss the role of proto oncogenes in
neoplasia(10x3); Multistep carcinogenesis(5)
28. Angiogenesis in neoplasia (5x2)
29. What is the translocation in Burkitt lymphoma?(2)
30. Name one non-metastasizing malignant tumor.(2)
31. Name the erythropoietin producing tumors.(2)
32. Isoenzymes as tumor markers(5)
33. Knudson’s two hit hypothesis(2)
34. Gatekeeper genes(5)
35. Transforming infections (5)
36. Warburg effect(2x2)
37. Example for a choristoma (2)
38. What type of lymphomas occur in H-pylori infection?(2)
39. Xeroderma pigmentosum(5)
40. Kit gene(2)
41. Tumour lysis syndrome (2)
42. What are second malignancies? Categorize them(2)
43. Discuss Fibrosis- Cancer link hypothesis.(5)
44. Epstein Barr virus(5)
45. RAS oncogene(5)
46. Adenocarcinoma (5)
47. Chemoprevention of cancer(5)
48. Precancerous lesions (5)
49. Grading and staging of cancer (5); Refinement in tumour staging (5)
50. Discuss host defence against tumours (10)
51. Spontaneous regression of tumours(5)
52. Drug resistance in human tumours (5)
53. Prognostic markers in cancer (5)
54. Role of cytogenetics in neoplastic disorders (10)
55. Differentiation and anaplasia(5)
H. Infectious Diseases
1. Paper I- EBOLA virus (2)
2. Anchovy sauce pus (2)
3. Gas gangrene – often repeated question (2,5; also in Paper II)
4. Toxoplasmosis (5)
5. Phaeohyphomycosis (5)
6. Immunology of leprosy (5x2)
7. Agents of bioterrorism (5)
8. Durck granuloma (2)
9. Doughnut granuloma (2)
10. What are the extra pulmonary sites most commonly involved in Tuberculosis?(2)
11. Discuss Lymphocyte-Macrophage interaction underlying resistance to
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.(5)
12. Super antigens (2)
13. Infections in immuno-compromised patients(5)
14. Lepromin test (5)
15. Describe hard and soft tubercle(5)
16. Discuss the classification, histopathology, diagnosis and features of Hansen’s disease
(20)
17. Discuss viruses causing haemorrhagic fever (10)
18. Chlamydial infections (5)
19. Neurosyphilis(5)
20. SARS pathology (5,2; also in Paper II)
21. Systemic mycoses (5)
22. Respiratory viruses(5)
23. Pneumocystic jiroveci(5)
24. Non tuberculous mycobacterial infections (5)
25. Viral inclusions (5)
26. Cerebral malaria (5)
27. Paper II- TUBERCULOUS LESIONS OF SKIN (2)
28. Warthin Finkeldey cells (2)
29. Hydatid sand (2)
30. Secondary pulmonary tuberculosis (5)
31. Atypical mycobacterial infections (5)
32. NRAMP1 gene and TB(2)
33. Immunology of TB (5); Current concepts in the pathogenesis of immunity of
tuberculosis.(5)
34. Primary tuberculosis(5)
35. Opportunistic fungal infections(5)
36. Erythema infectiosum (2)
37. Common sites of invasive candidiasis(2)
38. Discuss the pathology of syphilis.(10)
39. Which hemoparasite resembles ring stage of P.falciparum?(2)
40. Consequences of staphylococcal infections.(5)
41. Epstein Barr virus(5); Infectious mononucleosis(5)
42. Discuss the pathogenesis and diagnosis of Genito - Urinary Tuberculosis.(10)
 43. Classify mycoses. Discuss the pathogenesis, tissue reaction and diagnosis of various
fungal infection.(10)
44. Lepromatous leprosy(5)
45. Lepra reactions (5)
46. Toxoplasmosis(5)
47. Pathology of malaria(5)
48. Zoonotic bacterial infections (5)
49. PAPER III - What are “Sulfur” granules?
50. Immunological changes in leprosy.(5)
51. Miliary tuberculosis(5)
I. Environmental and Nutritional Diseases
1. Paper I - Trace elements and their deficiency states (2)
2. Current concepts of obesity (5); What is obesity? Discuss in detail the mechanism by
which obesity is associated with cancer risk (5x2,10; also in paper II); Enumerate
obesity associated disease (2)
3. Radiation induced changes (5x2)
4. Carcinoma associated with wood workers (2)
5. Functions of Vitamin A (5); Pathology of vitamin A deficiency(5x2) Also in paper II
6. What is the role of Vitamin-A in epithelial metaplasia?(2 also in Paper II)
7. Describe the gross & histopathological changes in Radiation injury to the
Gastrointestinal tract.(5)
8. Enlist any four trace elements and their deficiency syndromes(2)
9. Asbestos related neoplasia(5)
10. Paper II- NON SKELETAL EFFECTS OF VITAMIN D(2)
11. Occupational exposure and diseases associated with it (2)
12. Occupational cancers (5)
13. Diet and cancer (2)
14. Difference between Marasmus and Kwashiorkor(2)
15. Hypervitaminosis A (2)
16. Scurvy (2)
17. Thermal injury (5); Effects of hyperthermia(2)
18. Adiponectin (2)
19. Name the carcinogens in tobacco smoke.(2)
20. Radiation pneumonitis(2)
21. Asbestosis(5)
22. What is “cigarette pack years”?(2)
23. Cardiovascular effects of cocaine(2)
24. Discuss about Human disease associated with occupational exposure(10)
25. Pathology of rickets (5x2)
26. Acute radiation injury(5)
27. Decribe the adverse effects of ionising radiation of human body (10)
J. Diseases of Infancy and Childhood
1. Paper I - Denys Drash syndrome (2)
2. Homer Wright rosettes (2)
 3. Briefly describe the histological appearances of the malignant round cell tumours of
childhood including the immunohistochemical stains you would use to categorise
each(10)
4. Necrotising enterocolitis(2)
5. What are true & pseudo rosettes?(2)
6. Enumerate four ‘Blastemal’ Tumors with its cytogenetics and immunostain(2)
7. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(5x2)
8. Discuss etiopathogenesis and morphology of childhood tumors.(20)
9. Paper II- ENUMERATE TUMORS OF CHILD HOOD AND DESCRIBE IN DETAIL ABOUT
NEUROBLASTOMA(10)
10. Favourable prognostic factors in neuroblastoma(2,5)
11. Neuroblastic tumours (5)
12. Causes of non immune fetal hydrops (2)
13. Sudden infant death syndrome (5)
14. Neonatal hyaline membrane disease (2)
15. Kernicterus(2)
16. What is the mechanism underlying Physiological Janudice?(2)
17. Nephrogenic rests (2)
18. Cystic fibrosis(5)
19. PAPER III - Prognostic factors in neuroblastoma(5)
20. Neuroblastoma(5)
21. Homer wright rossettes(2)
22. Paediatric solid tumours(5)

SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY

K. Blood Vessels
1. Paper I- Define atherosclerosis. Enumerate the risk factors. Discuss the
pathogenesis, pathology and complications of atherosclerosis (10); Define
atherosclerosis. Describe risk factors, pathogenesis, pathology and consequences
of atherosclerosis(10)
2. pANCA, cANCA (5); ANCA and its role in disease (5)
3. Bacillary angiomatosis (2)
4. Angiokeratoma (2)
5. Kawasaki disease (2)
6. Nevus flammeus (2)
7. Histopathology of polyarteritis nodosa (5)
8. Immunological mechanisms of non infectious vasculitis (5)
9. Thrombolitic microangiopathies(5)
10. Vascular pathology in hypertension(5); Discuss the etiopathogenesis and pathology
of hypertension (10)
11. Wegeners granulomatosis(5x2; also in Paper II); characteristic triad in Wegener
granulomatosis(2)
12. PAPER II - ATHEROMA (5)
13. Buerger’s disease(2)
 14.PAPER III – Atheroma (2); Atherosclerosis(10,5)
15.Vascular pathology in hypertension (5)
16.Giant cell arteritis(2)
17.Takayasu arteritis(2)
18.ANCA(5)
19.Pathology of target organ damage in hypertension.(5)
20. Classify aneurysms. Discuss the etiopathogenesis of aortic aneurysm and
complications.(10)
21. Bacillary angiomatosis(5)
22. Classify vasculitis. Discuss the etiology and athogenesis in brief(10)
L. The Heart
1. Paper I - Discuss about etiopathogenesis, morphology, clinical and laboratory
findings in Myocardial Infarction (10x2,5)
2. Aschoff bodies (5)
3. What are the causes of cardiomyopathy? Describe the Etiopathogenesis and
morphology of various types of cardiomyopathy(10x2,5)
4. Gross test to confirm myocardial infarct (2)
5. Infective endocarditis (5)
6. Bread and butter pericarditis (2)
7. What are the Jones’ criteria for Rheumatic fever?(2)
8. Grading of cellular rejection in cardiac transplant biopsies.(5)
9. Endomyocardial biopsy (5)
10. PAPER II– DESCRIBE THE PATHOLOGY OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION(10)
11. Changes in aging heart (2)
12. PAPER III – Myocarditis(5)
13. Libmann-Sachs endocarditis(2)
14. Pathology of artificial cardiac valves.(5)
15. Endomyocardial biopy (5x3)
16. Vegetations of heart(5,10)
17. Atrial myxoma (2)
18. Neoplasms of heart(5)
19. Etiopathogenesis of MI. Describe the gross and histopathological changes and write
in detail the various diagnostic tests used for diagnosis and prognosis(10);Pathology
and complications of MI
20. Cardiomyopathy(10)
21. Non bacterial thrombotic endocarditis(5)
22. Rheumatic HD(10)
23. Congenital HD(5)
M. Diseases of White Blood Cells
1. Paper I - Diseases associated with splenomegaly (2)
2. Rosai Dorfman disease (5)
3. TRAP test (2)
4. Bence Jones protein (2)
5. Hypersplenism (5)
6. Thymoma (5)
 7. Osteosclerotic myeloma (5)
8. Leukemoid reaction (2)
9. Reed Sternberg cell (2)
10. Thymoma (5)
11. SMOLDERING MYELOMA(2)
12. Disorders of JAK 2 mutation (5)
13. Paper III - Piringer – Kuchinka Lymphadenitis(2)
14. Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy(5x3)
15. Thymoma(5)
16. Mycosis fungoides(2)
17. Felty syndrome(5)
18. Rosai Dorfman disease(5)
19. Discuss the pathology of lymphomas at unusual sites(10)
20. Marginal zone lymphoma(5)
21. Extranodal lymphomas(5)
22. Signet ring cell lymphoma(5)
23. Bone marrow transplantation(5)
24. Large cell lymphoma(5)
25. Recent concepts, classify and give pathology of Non Hodgkin lymphoma(10)
N. Red blood cell and Bleeding disorders
1. Paper I-What are the sickle cell syndromes (5)
2. Lab diagnosis of haemolytic anaemia(5)
3. Role of PT in monitoring the effects of oral coagulant therapy
4. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
5. Screening for hemoglobinopathies
6. Porphyrias (5)
7. Paper II- HEPARIN INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA(5)
8. Disseminated intravascular coagulation(5)
9. PAPER III – Hemolytic uremic syndrome(5)
O. The Lung
1. Paper I -Pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension(2)
2. Sugar tumour (2)
3. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (5)
4. Reactive mesothelial cell vs malignant epithelial cell in fluid cytology (2)
5. Define and classify pneumoconiosis. Discuss etiopathogenesis of three important
pneumoconiosis (10)
6. Define emphysema. What are the types of emphysema? Discuss in detail the
pathogenesis, morphology and complications of emphysema.(10)
7. Asbestosis (5x2)
8. Collar button lesion is seen in which tumour(2)
9. Pulmonary meningioma (2)
10. What are the isolates usually identified as etiological factors in hospital acquired
pneumonias?(2)
11. Tabulate the spectrum of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.(5)
12. Briefly outline the pathogenesis of ARDS.(5,6)
 13.Deaquamative interstitial pneumonia (5)
14.Discuss COPD (10)
15.Describe briefly about common fungal respiratory infections (10)
16.Pulmonary infarction (5)
17.Carcinoid syndrome (5)
18.Mesothelioma (5)
19.PAPER II - FERRUGINOUS BODIES (2)
20.Carcinoid syndrome (5)
21.Tabulate discriminant markers in reactive and neoplastic Mesothelium(5)
22.Discuss role of tobacco smoking in Lung Cancer.(5)
23.Enumerate the paraneoplastic syndromes associated with Lung cancer.(2)
24.What are the stages of Lobar Pneumonia? Enumerate its Complications.(5)
25.Organic dust pneumoconiosis.(5); Pneumoconiosis(5)
26.Pulmonary edema (5x4)
27.Carcinoid syndrome (5x2)
28.Adult respiratory distress syndrome (5)
29.PAPER III – Write about pneumonia syndrome
30.Write about classification, morphology of carcinoid tumors of lung.(5x2)
31.Azoppardi effect (2)
32.Alpha -1antitrypsin(2,5, also include liver)
33.PEComa(2)
34.Bronchiolo alveolar carcinoma.(2x2)
35.Caplan syndrome(2)
36.Fungal pneumonias.(5)
37.Asbestos related neoplasia(5); Asebestosis(5)
38.Classify lung tumors. Discuss the etiopathogenesis and molecular genetics of
bronchogenic carcinoma.(10x4)
39. Classify mediastinal tumours(2,5)
40. Describe histology of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.(2)
41. Discuss the pathogenesis of Emphysema .(5)
42. What is congenital lobar emphysema?(2)
43. What are the pulmonary diseases induced by drugs?(2)
44. Discuss etiopathogenesis of bronchiectasis.(5)
45. Carcinoid syndrome (2)
46. Pathology of neuroendocrine lung tumours (5x2)
47. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(5)
48. Interstitial pneumonitis(5)
49. Hamman Rich syndrome (5)
50. Mesothelioma(5)
P. Head and Neck
1. Paper I - Classify salivary gland tumours. Discuss recent concepts in pathology of
malignant epithelial neoplasms of salivary glands (10).
2. Branchial cleft cyst (5)
3. Most common primary malignant tumour of salivary gland (2)
4. Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (2)
 5. Name the various sites / organs in which adenoid cystic carcinomas can occur.(2)
6. Cystic lesions of the neck (2)
7. What are leukoplakia and erythroplakia?(2)
8. Cysts of jaw(5)
9. Salivary gland tumours (5)
10.PAPER II - LEUKOPLAKIA(2)
11.PAPER III – Write about tumours of nose and nasopharynx (2)
12.Acinic cell carcinoma (5)
13.Odontogenic tumours(5x2); Classification and pathology of tumors of odontogenic
epithelium.(10x2)
14. Sites of paraganglionoma (2); Paraganglioma(5)
15. Mucocoele(2)
16. Pleomorphic adenoma (2)
17. Discuss the heterogenicity of the histology in pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary
gland.(5)
18. Esthesioneuroblastoma (2)
19. Leukoplakia (2)
Q. The Gastrointestinal Tract
1. Paper I - Discuss the pathogenesis, pathology and epidemiology of gastric
carcinoma (10)
2. Meckel’s diverticulum (2)
3. H.pylori and disease in humans (2)
4. Barrett oesophagus (2x3, also in Paper III)
5. Premalignant lesions of large bowel (5)
6. Serrate adenoma (2)
7. H.pylori in gastroduodenal disease (5x2)
8. Metastatic Crohn’s disease (2)
9. Mallory Weiss syndrome (2)
10. Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (2)
11. Define GERD and briefly outline its pathophysiology.(5)
12. Hirschsprung disease (5)
13. Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease.(6); Discuss the morphology,
etiopathogenesis, clinical features, course and diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory
bowel disease.(20); Chemokines and chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease (5x2;
also in Paper II)
14. Role of mucosal biopsies in diagnosis of malabsorption syndrome.(5); Classify and
discuss pathology of malabsorption syndrome (10x3)
15. Discuss causes, pathogenesis and morphology, complications of H.pylori
infection.(20,5)
16. Familial adenomatous polyposis.(5)
17. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (5)
18. Myopathy of small intestine (5)
19. Etiopathogenesis of peptic ulcer (5)
20. PAPER II - WHAT IS THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL &
GISTS.(2)
 21. Inflammatory myopathies(5)
22. PAPER III – Write about esophageal causes of hematemesis(2)
23. Describe all about Polyps of intestine(5x3); Classify and discuss polyps of the
intestine. Add a note on adenoma-carcinoma sequence.(10)
24. Non neoplastic polyps of GIT(5)
25. Juvenile rectal polyp(2)Brief about GIST and differential diagnosis.(5x2,2)
26. Gastric autonomic nerve tumours (2,5)
27. Write about Hirschspurng’s disease.(5x5,2)
28. Menetriers disease(2)
29. Whipple’s disease (2)
30. Gastric lymphoma(5)
31. Ulcers of small intestine.(5)
32. Collagenous colitis (2,5)
33. Amphicrine carcinoma (2)
34. Toxins produced by H.pylori (2)
35. Discuss the recent concepts in aetiopathogenesis and pathology of inflammatory
bowel disease.(10)
36. Myopathies of gastrointestinal tract.(10)
37. Crohn’s disease(5x2)
38. Define Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Discuss pathogenesis and pathology of Crohns
Disease and Ulcerative Colitis highlighting the differences between the two
conditions.(10)
39. Describe the gross and microscopic appearance of classic Peptic ulcers.(5)
40. Classify Gastric Epithelial Dysplasia.(2)
41. Esophagitis(5)
42. Diagnosis of Candida esophagitis.(2)
43. Give a diagrammatic depiction of the pathogenesis and Morphology of jejunal
mucosa in celiac disease(5)
44. Hypertrophic gastropathy(5)
45. Etiopathogenesis, molecular biology and morphology of colorectal carcinoma(10x2)
46. Etiology and pathology of malabsorption syndromes (10)
47. Classification and differentiation of carcinoid tumours of GIT(5)
R. Liver and Gall bladder
1. Paper I - Etiologic classification of jaundice. Describe the lab tests done in the
evaluation of Jaundice (10); Write in detail about Bilirubin metabolism and discuss
about the pathophysiology of Jaundice (10); Hepatic jaundice (5)
2. Morphological characteristics, pathogenesis of cirrhosis and in detail about viral
cirrhosis (10).
3. Discuss in detail the etiopathogenesis and morphology of viral hepatitis (10); .
Tabulate the clinical & epidemiologic features of Viral Hepatitis.(5); Discuss the
morphology and clinic pathological syndromes of viral hepatitis (20); Hepatitis C
infection (5)
4. Nutmeg liver (2)
5. Markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (5)
6. Stellate scar in pathology (2)
7. Granuloma in the liver (2)
8. Metabolic syndrome (5)
9. Diagnostic microscopic feature of primary biliary cirrhosis (2)
10. Stain for HbsAg (2)
11. Risk factors of angiosarcoma liver (2)
12. Porcelain gall bladder (5)
13. What is Budd Chiari syndrome?(2)
14. What are the factors strongly associated with and contributing to the pathogenesis
of NAFLD?(2)
15. What are the initiating and contributing factors for the development of ascites in
patients with cirrhosis of the liver.(5)
16. Discuss the etiopathogenesis of Hepatic failure(20)
17. What procedure is adopted to establish diagnosis of jaundice with regard to its type
and cause in a child of one year? Discuss the principles and fallacies of various tests
if any(20)
18. Pathology of steatosis(5)
19. Discuss the causes, pathogenesis and histopathology of non alcoholic fatty liver
disease (10)
20. Alcoholic hepatitis (5)
21. Discuss the etiopathogenesis of ascites and the lab test for the diagnosis(10)
22. Paper II- WHAT ARE THE DISEASES CAUSED BY Α1–ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY?(2)
23. Pathogenesis of fatty liver(5)
24. What are the factors that evoke acute inflammation on the gall bladder? (2)
25. Define Macro and Microvesicular hepatic steatosis and give 2 examples for each
condition.(5)
26. PAPER III – Briefly write about the causes of jaundice
27. Make a brief note of Precursor lesions of HCC.(5)
28. Define cirrhosis of liver. Discuss the role of liver biopsy in the diagnosis, evaluation
and management of a patient with cirrhosis of liver.(10x2); Define and classify
cirrhosis(2)
29. Classify cirrhosis of liver and describe the etiopathogenesis of alcoholic cirrhosis.(10)
30. Porcelain gall bladder (2)
31. Autoimmune hepatitis(5,2)
32. Viral hepatitis(5); Hepatitis C(5x3)
33. Interface hepatitis(2)
34. Hereditary hyperbilirubinemia(5)
35. Non alcoholic fatty disease of liver(5x2)
36. Histological changes in chronic viral hepatitis(5)
37. What are the classical features of steatohepatitis?(2)
38. What are the most important risk factors involved in the development of alcoholic
liver disease & what is the corner stone in the treatment of alcoholic liver
disease?(2)
39. Tabulate the Histologic Activity Index in Chronic hepatitis.(5)
40. What is Reyes Syndrome?(2)
41. List causes of hepatic granulomas.(2)
 42. Name the liver enzymes whose activities reflect a: Cholestasis b: liver cell damage(2)
43. Morphology of amoebic liver abscess (2)
44. Discuss in detail cystic lesions of liver.(10)
45. Cholelithiasis(5)
46. Haemochromatosis(5x2)
47. Biliary cirrhosis(5)
48. Lamellar carcinoma of liver(5)
49. Portal hypertension(5)
50. Sclerosing cholangitis(5)
S. The Pancreas
1. Paper I - Cystic neoplasms in pancreas (2x2)
2. PAPER III – Write about etiological factors of acute pancreatitis(2)
3. Discuss cystic neoplasms of pancreas.(10)
4. Pancreatoblastoma (2)
5. List the tests useful in the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic Disease.(2)
T. The Kidney
1. Paper I - Discuss paediatric renal tumours with a note on molecular biology of the
tumours (10)
2. Muticystic renal dysplasia (2)
3. Struvite stone (2)
4. Acute Renal Failure (5)
5. Crescentic glomerulonephritis (5)
6. Membranous glomerulonephritis – clinical and microscopic features(5)
7. Angiomyolipoma (2)
8. What are the most common opportunistic infections in the renal transplant
recipient?(5)
9. Classify major mechanisms of glomerular injury.(5)
10. What is a stag horn calculus?(2)
11. Role of immunoflorescence in understanding glomerulonephritis.(5)
12. Discuss the etiopathogenesis of acute renal failure following obstetrical intervention
and write the role of lab management of the same (20)
13. Discuss the role of electron microscopy and immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of
glomerular lesions
14. Cystic lesions in kidney(5x2)
15. Acute renal failure(5)
16. Discuss renal transplant pathology (10)
17. PAPER II - DIFFERENTIATE HAEMATURIA AND HEMOGLOBINURIA(2)
18. Outline the mechanisms of recognition and rejection of Renal allograft.(5)
19. Causative organisms of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients (2)
20. PAPER III – Classify glomerular diseases and write about chronic
glomerulonephritis.(10)
21. Glomerular disease (5)
22. PEComa (2,5)
23. Renal papillary necrosis(2)
24. Chromophobe carcinoma(5)
 25.IgA nephropathy(5)
26.Staghorn calculus(2)
27.Membrano proliferative glomerulonephritis(5)
28.IF in glomerulonephritis(5); Role of IF in acute glomerulonephritis(5)
29.Medullary sponge kidney(2)
30. Cystic diseases of kidney(5x5)
31.Describe the role of renal biopsy in a patient with nephrotic syndrome.(10)
32.. What are thin basement membrane disease?(2)
33.What are the classic pathological features of ischemic and nephrotoxic Acute Renal
Failure?(5)
34. What is the nephritic type “active” urine sediment?(2)
35. Write briefly about Xanthogranulmatous pyelonephritis.(5)
36. How are glomerular diseases classified?(5)
37. Enumerate the Kidney biopsy findings in Minimal change disease.(2);Lipoid
nephrosis(5)
38. What is nephrotic range proteinuria?(2)
39. Define pyelonephritis. Classify and discuss its Etiopathogenesis and describe the
gross and microscopic Pathology. Add a note on its complications.(10)
40. What is the Goodpasture’s syndrome? Discuss urine abnormalities, serologic
markers & findings on renal biopsy in Goodpasture’s syndrome(5)
41. Write briefly about the pathogenesis of renal calculi.(5)
42. Two causes of granular contracted kidneys (2)
43. Microalbuminuria(2)
44. Bone metastasing childhood renal neoplasm (2)
45. Interstitial nephritis(5x2)
46. Diabetic nephropathy(5x2)
47. Define nephrotic syndrome and discuss the pathology of MPGN(10); Etiogenesis and
pathology of nephrotic syndrome(10)
48. Adult polycystic kidney disease(5)
49. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(5)
50. Discuss the mechanisms involved in the etiopathogenesis of Acute
glomerulonephritis(10)
U. The Lower Urinary Tract and Male Genital System
1. Paper I - Malakoplakia (2)
2. Testicular lymphoma (5)
3. PSA velocity (2)
4. Prognostic factors in testicular tumours (5)
5. Adenomatoid tumour (5)
6. Histological patterns in testicular biopsies of infertile men (5).
7. Diagnostic criteria of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (2)
8. Classify Tumours of prostate. Describe tissue sampling and biopsy interpretation in
Prostatic Adeno carcinoma in TURP specimens. Mention the prognostic factors (10)
9. Pseudomalignant lesions of prostate (5)
10. PAPER II - RISK FACTOR FOR CARCINOMA OF BLADDER (5)
11. PAPER III - Write about grading and staging of prostatic carcinoma(2).
 12. Discuss the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, morphology and prognosis of
Carcinoma of Prostate.(10)
13. Gleason grading (2)
14. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia(2,5x4)
15. PSA(2)
16. Premalignant conditions of prostate(5)
17. Role of testicular biopsy in male infertility(5x2)
18. Non seminomatous germ cell tumours of testis.(5)
19. Germ cell tumors of testis(5); Classify germ cell tumors. Discuss their etiopathology,
clinical features, morphology and prognosis.(10)
20. IHC markers of dysgerminoma.(2)
21. Metaplastic lesions of urinary bladder (5)
22. Peyronie disease(2,5)
23. Condyloma acuminatum(2)
24. Discuss tumours of the testis.(5)
25. Paratesticular tumours(5x2)
V. The Female Genital Tract
1. Paper I - Ovarian tumours – classification. In detail about epithelial tumours (10)
2. Features of partial mole (2)
3. Endometrial dating (2)
4. Polycysic ovarian disease (2)
5. Placental site trophoblastic tumour(2)
6. Screening programme for cervical cancer (5)
7. Role of cytology in ovarian carcinoma (5)
8. Atypical leiomyoma (2)
9. Write briefly about the hyper plastic conditions of the endometrium(2)
10. Krukenberg tumour(2)
11. Classify endometrial epithelial metaplasia. Describe clinical association, possible
etiopathogenesis and microscopic features for each type.(10)
12. Neuro Endocrine neoplasms of uterine cervix.(5)
13. Recent advances in endometrial carcinoma (5)
14. Chlamydial infection(5)
15. PAPER II - METAPLASIA OF FGT(5x2) –
16. Clue cells (2)
17. PAPER III - Write About Characters Of Different Types Of Endometrial Carcinoma(2)
18. Discuss the classification and current concepts in carcinoma of endometrium.(10)
19. Recent concepts in endometrial hyperplasia.(5x2)
20. PTEN and endometrial diseases.(2)
21. Endometrial polyp(2)
22. Krukenberg tumour(5)
23. Endosalpingiosis(2)
24. Microglandular adenosis (2)
25. Four virilising ovarian tumours (2)
26. Discuss in the clinicopathologic features of prognostic importance in ovarian surface
epithelial tumors.(10)
 27. Tabulate WHO Classification of Ovarian neoplasms. Describe the gross and
microscopic features of Germ Cell Tumours of Ovary(10)
28. Schiller Duvall body(2)
29. Discuss etiopathogenesis, precancerous lesions, gross and microscopic pathology of
cervical carcinoma.(10,5)
30. Write briefly on polycystic ovarian syndrome.(5)
31. What is the general routine for gross examination of the Placenta?(2)
32. Enumerate lesions of the Gestational trophoblast.(5)
33. Describe endometrial histology in the menstrual cycle.(10)
34. Edema ovary.(5)
35. Microinvasive carcinoma cervic (2)
36. . Value of endometrial biopsy in diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding.(5)
37. Placental pathology in hypertensive diseases of pregnancy.(5)
38. Hormone producing ovarian tumors.(5x2)
39. FIGO staging of ovarian tumours(5)
40. Classify ovarian tumours. Discuss the etiopathogenesis and morphology of sex cord
stromal tumors.(10,5x2)
41. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(5)
42. Trophoblastic tumours(5,10)
43. Discuss hydatidiform mole(5)
44. Metaplastic lesions in endometrium and cervix (5)
45. Drug induced changes in female genital tract (10)
46. Borderline tumours of ovary(5)
47. Teratoma(5)
48. Clear cell tumour of cervix(5)
W. The Breast
1. Paper I - Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (5)
2. Common molecular alterations in breast cancer (5)
3. Grading of carcinoma breast (5)
4. Bluedome cyst of Bloodgood(2)
5. Summarize predictive and prognostic molecular markers in breast carcinoma(5,10)
6. PAPER II - WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CIRCULATING TUMOUR CELLS IN THE
BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH BREAST CARCINOMA?(2)
7. PAPER III - Papillary lesions of breast.(5)
8. IHC scoring of Her2/Neu (2)
9. Premalignant lesions of breast(5x2)
10. Zuska disease (2)
11. In situ and invasive lobular carcinoma of breast(5); LCIS(5); Ductal carcinoma in
situ(5)
12. What is the role of ER & PR receptors testing as markers in breast carcinoma?(2)
13. Micro papillary carcinoma breast.(5)
14. Classify Carcinoma breast. Describe molecular pathology and histologic grading with
prognostic factors in breast carcinoma.(10); Risk factors, pathogenesis and
prognostic factors(10); Prognostic markers(5)
15. Phyllodes tumur(5)
 16. Fibroepithelial lesions of breast(5)
17. Metaplastic carcinoma of breast(5)
X. The Endocrine System
1. Paper I - Describe in detail the classification and etiopathogenesis of diabetes
mellitus. Add a note on its complications(10x3); Classify Diabetes Mellitus. Discuss
pathogenesis of Types I and II Diabetes Mellitus. Describe morphology of the
various organs affected by the disease.(10,6); Diabetic microangiopathy(5); Lab
investigations in Diabetes (5)
2. Microalbuminuria(5)
3. Disorders associated with thyrotoxicosis (2)
4. Variants of Papillary Carcinoma thyroid (5)
5. Trousseau’s sign (2)
6. MEN (5)
7. Salt wasting syndrome (2)
8. Advanced glycation end products (2)
9. Diabetic microangiopathy (5)
10. VIPoma (2)
11. Metabolic syndomr (5)
12. Triple negative breast cancer (5)
13. Follicular neoplasms of thyroid (5)
14. Hyalinising trabecular adenoma of thyroid(5)
15. PAPER III – Write about Sheehan syndrome and empty sella syndrome.
16. Hurthle cell(2)
17. Waterhouse - Friderichsen syndrome(2)
18. Insular carcinoma of thyroid.(2)
19. Nesidioblastosis(2,5)
20. Pheochromocytoma (5x3)
21. Primary hyperparathyroidism(5x2)
22. Zellballen(2)
23. What are the criteria for diagnosing malignancy in follicular neoplasms of the
thyroid?(2)
24. Follicular neoplasm of thyroid(5)
25. Write briefly about Zollinger Ellison syndrome(5)
26. What is follicular variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid? Describe its
distinctive features & compare them with the conventional Papillary carcinoma.(5)
27. What is Hashimoto thyroiditis? Describe pathogenesis and morphology of
Hashimoto Thyroiditis. Add a note on its clinical course(10)
28. What is Addison disease?(5)
29. Define MEN Syndrome. Classify MEN syndromes and Discuss briefly about their
ethiopathogenesis and pathology(5x3)
30. “Rule of 10” (2)
31. Hurthle cell – mention the lesions at various sites and organs (2)
32. Immunology of Diabetes mellitus(5)
33. Gastrinomas(5)
34. Autoimmune thyroid disorders(5)
 35. Medullary carcinoma of thyroid.(5)
36. Parathyroid adenoma(5)
Y. The Skin
1. Paper I - Role of immunofluorescence in skin biopsy (5).
2. Psoriasis (5)
3. Malignant melanoma (5)
4. Erythema induratum (2)
5. Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (2)
6. Seborrhoeic keratosis (5)
7. Utility of immunofluorescence in skin biopsy(5x2; also in Paper III)
8. Discuss the classification and diagnosis of cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders
(10); Cutaneous lymphomas(5)
9. PAPER III – Spitz naevus(2)
10. Keratoacanthoma(2)
11. Turban tumour(2)
12. Discuss vesiculobullous disorders of skin(10)
13. Erythema nodosum(2,5)
14. Cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders.(5)
15. Precancerous lesions of skin(5)
16. Assessment of prognosis of melanoma(5)
17. What are the predisposing factors to Malignant melanoma of the skin.(5)
18. Pathology of malignant melanoma(5x2)
19. Name morphological patterns identified under scanning magnification in cutaneous
pseudolymphoma.(2)
20. Describe pathogenesis and pathology of Lichen Planus.(5)
21. Psoriasis(5)
22. Pemphigus lesions (5)
23. Merkel cell carcinoma(5)
24. Classify eccrine sweat gland tumours and discuss their pathology(10)
Z. Bones, Joints and Soft Tissue Tumours
1. Paper I - Metabolic bone diseases (5).
2. Briefly about fibromatosis (2)
3. Prognostic factors in osteosarcoma (2)
4. Fibrous dysplasia (5).
5. Synovial biopsy (5)
6. Enumerate the marrow tumors and describe morphology of Ewings sarcoma (5)
7. Pseudogout(5x2)
8. Define Osteomyelitis. Discuss etiopathogenesis, Pathology, clinical course and
complications of Pyogenic and tuberculous Osteomyelitis.(10)
9. Interpretation of synovial biopsy(5)
10. Architectural pattern in soft tissue tumors(5)
11. Tumour markers in soft tissue tumours (5,2; also in paper II)
12. HEALING OF FRACTURE AND ITS COMPLICATIONS (5)
13. Bone matrix proteins (5)
 14. PAPER III – Describe about chondroid lesions of bone? Write in detail about
Malignant Chondroid neoplasms.(10)
15. Cytogenetics of Ewing’s sarcoma (2)
16. Markers used in differential diagnosis of myxoid soft tissue neoplasms(2)
17. Variants of chondrosarcoma(2,5)
18. Alveolar soft part sarcoma (5)
19. Myositis ossificans(2)
20. Recent concepts in osteoarthritis.(5)
21. Garre’s osteomyelitis.(2)
22. Discuss about differential diagnosis and lab diagnosis of small round cell tumors of
the bone.(10)
23. Etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.(5x2)
24. Metabolic bone disorders(5x3)
25. Chordoma(2,5)
26. Primitive neuroectodermal tumour(2,5)
27. Osteosarcoma(5x2); Classification of osteosarcoma(5)
28. Synovial sarcoma(5)
29. Describe the morphology of Gouty Tophus.(2)
30. Write briefly about Ewing Sarcoma family of tumours.(5)
31. Discuss metastasic tumours to the bone.(5)
32. Pleomorphic lipoma (2)
33. Enlist epitheliod soft tissue tumors. Discuss the site, Morphology, approach to
diagnosis and prognostic factors in CK+ve, CD34+ epitheloid sarcomas.(10)
34. Giant cell lesions of the bone.(5x2)
35. Discuss importance of immunohistochemistry and other markers in soft tissue
sarcomas.(10)
36. Embryonal sarcoma(5)
37. Chondroblastoma (5)
38. Role of IHC in round cell sarcomas(5)
39. Small round cell tumours(5)
40. Tumour like lesions of bone(5)
41. Gout(5)
AA. Peripheral Nerves and Skeletal Muscles
1. Paper I - Neurofibromatosis (5)
2. Pathologic findings seen in the muscle biopy in myopathic disorders (2)
3. Muscle biopsy(5x4)
4. PAPER III- Write in detail about toxic myopathies(5)
5. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (5x2).
6. Muscular dystrophies(5)
7. Enzymes used in muscle biopsy(2); Role of histochemistry in muscle biopsy
interpretation.(5)
8. Classification of primary muscle diseases and discuss the role of muscle biopsy in
diagnosis.(10x2)
9. Schwannoma(2)
10. Differentiate between myofibres I & II seen in a muscle Biopsy.(2)
 11. Muscle biopsy – Indications, Fixation, staining and enzyme histochemical methods
for muscle biopsies.(5x2)
12. Immune-mediated neuropathies.(5)
13. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour(5); Nerve sheath tumours(5)
BB. The Central Nervous System
1. Paper I - Describe the pathology of neurodegenerative disorders (10x2)
2. Vascular malformations of brain (5)
3. Neurofibrillary tangle (2)
4. Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (5)
5. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (2)
6. Ragged red fibres (2)
7. Squash in CNS tumours (5,10)
8. Lab diagnosis of meningitis (5x2)
9. CNS tumours with eosinophilic granular bodie s(2)
10. Rathke cleft cyst (5)
11. Craniopharyngioma (5)
12. Gliosis (2)
13. Hypertensive cerebrovascular disease (5)
14. Prion disease (5x3,2x2; often asked; also in Paper II&III)
15. Neuropathology of hypoxia(6))
16. Recent concepts of Alzheimer’s disease(6)
17. Autopsy findings in a case of cerebrovascular accident (5)
18. Viral meningitis(5)
19. PAPER II - PATHOGENESIS OF BRAIN ABSCESS(5)
20. What are the common causes of neoplastic meningitis?(2)
21. PAPER III – Neurosyphilis(5)
22. Enumerate tumors of Central Nervous System and describe in detail about
meningioma, stating various types, morphology and molecular changes(10)
23. Glial neoplasms(5)
24. Discuss the role of squash preparations in neuropathology.(10)
25. Primary CNS lymphoma (2)
26. Berry aneurysm(2)
27. SEGA(5)
28. Crooke hyaline change. (2)
29. Molecular genetics of meningioma.(2)
30. Tau protein.(2)
31. Lamberton Eaton Myasthenic syndrome.(2)
32. Gliomesenchymal tumours(5)
33. Melanotic prognoma (2)
34. Drop metastasis (2)
35. Brain in cerebral malaria (2)
36. Negri bodies (2)
37. CSF in pyogenic meningitis(2)
38. Discuss the role of immunohistochemistry in CNS neoplasms(10)
39. Pseudolaminar necrosis(2)
 40. Types of ependymoma(5x2)
41. Discuss the morphology, pathogenesis and molecular genetics of Alzheimer’s
disease(10)
42. Creutzfeldt Jacob disease(5)
CC. The Eye
1. PAPER III – Tumours of orbit(5x2)
2. Histological changes in diabetic retinopathy(2)