Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
TECHNOLOGY
SOLUTION
Contents
1. Convergence of Technologies 1
2. Computer System 8
3. Types of Software 16
4. Communication Technology 24
5. Operating System 31
6. Using Windows 7 37
Convergence of Technologies 3
F. SAQs II
1. What is a General Purpose Computer? How is it different from the Special Purpose Computer?
Ans. General Purpose Computers are computers are designed to perform different type of works,
general in nature. For example, you can use a computer for playing games, do project work,
perform some mathematical calculations, type a letter or draw a picture. Special Purpose
Computers on the other hand are designed to perform only one specific task. For example, the
ATM of a bank does only one job of dispensing money.
2. State the difference between Analog and Digital Computers.
Ans. Analog Computers work on the principle of measuring, in which the measurements obtained
are translated into data. Digital Computers on the other hand operate with numeric data. The
data is discrete in nature and can be represented in digital form.
3. State two differences between a Desktop computer and a Laptop computer.
Ans. A
laptop and desktop computer differ in both size and functionality. A laptop is much smaller
and therefore often more convenient to use. A desktop computer is much larger, and tends to
last much longer than a laptop before it needs to be repaired or replaced. A laptop is often a
self-contained unit, and no additional parts are needed to run it. Users often have to purchase
monitors and other accessories to operate a desktop computer.
4. What is a workstation?
Ans. A
workstation is a highly powerful microcomputer. They contain one or more microprocessor
CPUs and are used for applications involving more power than a typical PC (rendering complex
graphics or performing intensive scientific calculations).
5. Write short notes on:
a. Minicomputer
b. Mainframe Computer
c. Super Computer
Ans. a. Minicomputer: A minicomputer is a multi-user computer that is less powerful than a
mainframe but is more powerful than a microcomputer. It uses large scale integrated circuits
(LSIC) to build a computer much cheaper than the then existing mainframes. It is generally
used as small or midrange servers.
b. Mainframe computers are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical
applications, bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise
resource planning, and transaction processing.
c. Supercomputers are powerful mainframe computers that performs at or near the currently
highest operational rate for computers. Traditionally, supercomputers have been used for
scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great
amount of computation (or both).
6. How has Newsgroups helped in communication?
Ans. N
ewsgroups are online forums that allows open discussions in varied topics and allows exchange
of information regarding a particular topic. Newsgroups are similar in some ways to mailing
G. LAQs
1. Categorise computer according to data handling capability and describe each one of them.
Ans. According to data handling capability computers are classified as:
nalog Computers work on the principle of measuring, in which the measurements obtained
A
are translated into data.
igital Computers on the other hand operate with numeric data. The data is discrete in nature
D
and can be represented in digital form. Digital computer works on a special number system
called binary number system.
Hybrid Computers combine the features of both digital and analog computers. For computational
purposes, it uses analog components and for storage digital memories are used. Generally,
the analog components of the computer handle complex mathematical computations and the
digital components take care of logical and numerical operations in addition to serving as the
controller for the system.
2. Explain the characteristics of a Computer System.
Ans. The characteristics of a computer are
• Speed: In general, no human being can compete to solving the complex computation, faster
than computer.
• Accuracy: Since Computer is programmed, so what ever input we give it gives result
with accuratly.
• Storage: Computer can store mass storage of data with appropriate formate.
• Diligence: Computer can work for hours without any break and creating error.
• Versatility: We can use computer to perform completely different type of work at the
same time.
Convergence of Technologies 5
• Power of Remembering: It can remember data for us.
• No IQ: Computer does not work without instruction.
• No Feeling: Computer does not have emotions, knowledge, experience, feeling.
3. What do you understand by the term “Convergence of Technology”?
Ans. Technological Convergence or Convergence Technology refers to interlinking of computing and
other information technologies, media content, and communication networks that has arisen
as the consequence of the advancement and popularization of the Internet as well as the
activities, products and services that have emerged in the digital space.
lthough Convergence Technology is wide spread and refers primarily on three technologies
A
namely:
• Computer Technology
• Communication Technology
• Content Technology
4. C
ategorise computer according to data handling capability and write short description of each
one of them.
Ans. Analog Computer: The computer which provide us continuous information are called Analog
computers. The input data is not a number instead a physical quantity like: pressure, speed,
voltage, temperature, etc.
Digital Computer: The computers which present physical quantities with the help of symbols or
numbers and provide us discrete information are called digital computers. Digital computer the
input data is represented by a number, a computer that processes information in digital form.
ybrid computers are computers that exhibit features of both analog computers and digital
H
computers. Hybrid computer has the speed of analog and the accuracy of digital computer.
5. How is Internet different from Interspace?
Ans. Internet is a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication
facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.
Interspace on the other hand is a client/server software program that allows multiple users to
communicate online with real-time audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environments.
Interspace provides the most advanced form of communication available on the Internet today.
Convergence of Technologies 7
2
Computer System
A. MCQs.
1. Which among the following is not the characteristic of the computer?
a. Diligence b. Unlimited Memory
c. Versatile d. Accuracy
Ans. b. Unlimited Memory
2. The ALU stands for:
a. Additional Logical Unit b. Asset Logical Unit
c. Arithmetic Lexicographically Unit d. Arithmetic Logic Unit
Ans. d. Arithmetic Logic Unit
3. W
hich unit of the computer system is responsible for holding the input data, intermediate results,
output results and program and makes them available for processing as and when required?
a. Input Unit b. Internal Storage Unit
c. Arithmetic Logic Unit d. Control Unit
Ans. b. Internal Storage Unit
4. T he ________________ unit of the computer provides the capability of decision making to the
computer.
a. Input b. Output
c. Internal Storage d. ALU
Ans. d. ALU
5. N
ame the group of wires that is used for communication between various components of the
computer.
a. Bus b. Cable
c. Connector d. None of these
Ans. a. Bus
6. N
ame the technology that reads iron oxide ink preprinted or encoded on cheques, deposit slips
or on a document.
a. MICR b. Bar Code Reader
c. OCR d. None of these
Ans. a. MICR
7. Name the device that finds maximum usage in video conferencing and chatting in real time.
a. Scanner b. Digital Camera
c. Web Camera d. Video Camera
Ans. c. Web Camera
8. N
ame the printer whose print head contains banks of pins moving at high speed against inked
ribbon and paper.
a. Dot-Matrix Printer b. Chain Printer
c. Daisy Wheel Printer d. None of these
Ans. a. Dot-Matrix Printer
9. T he _______________ printer is used to print images by selectively heating coated thermo
chromic paper.
a. Dot-Matrix Printer b. Thermal Printer
c. Ink-Jet Printer d. Laser Printer
Ans. b. Thermal Printer
10. The contents of main memory, currently in use and likely to be needed in future is stored in which
memory?
a. Registers b. Hard Disk
c. Flash Memory d. Cache Memory
Ans. d. Cache Memory
11. Which among the following is not a characteristics of a Magnetic Disk?
a. High Storage Capacity b. Reliable
c. Gives direct access to data d. Uses laser light for storing data
Ans. d. Uses laser light for storing data
12. Which among the following memory is used in a common digital camera?
a. Floppy Disk b. Hard Disk
c. Memory Stick d. CD-ROM
Ans. c. Memory Stick
13. Which among the following secondary memories is not an Optical memory?
a. Floppy b. CD
c. DVD d. Blu-Ray
Ans. a. Floppy
14. Name the type of memory that is used in pen drive.
a. Magnetic Disk Memory b. Optical Disk Memory
c. Flash Memory d. None of these
Ans. c. Flash Memory
Computer System 9
4. The Control unit directs the operation of all components and units of the computer system as per
the instructions given in a program.
5. The ALU unit of the CPU is responsible for all arithmetic as well as logical operations.
6. A
Bar code is a specialised code represented by sets of parallel bars of varying thickness and
separation.
7. T he Scanner is an input device that captures information from a page and store them in graphic
format.
8. The Laser printer uses toner to print images.
9. The Ink-jet printer fires ink drops on paper for printing.
10. All data that needs to be processed should be in the Main memory before processing.
11. Audio devices that are connected to the sound card for sound are called Speakers.
12. A Block is a sector or a group of sectors in a hard-disk that an operating system can address.
13. 1024 giga byte makes a tera byte.
F. SAQs II
1. What is a Bar Code Reader? Where do you find its usage?
Ans. A Bar Code Reader is an Optical Scanner that is used to read bar codes for identification of objects.
It is usually found in the billing section of merchandise and shopping malls for identification of
products and its prices.
2. How is a Web Camera different from a Digital Camera?
Ans.
Computer System 11
4. State two disadvantages of using a Thermal Printer.
Ans. Disadvantages of Thermal Printers:
• Too much of heating is a possibility and may damage the printer.
• It is not suitable to print in colour.
5. What is a Laser Printer? How is it different from an Inkjet Printer?
Ans. Laser Printer is a high quality, high speed, high volume technology, which works in non-impact
fashion on plain paper or pre-printed forms. Printing is achieved by deflecting laser beam on to
the photosensitive surface of a drum and the latent image attracts the toner to the image areas.
The toner is then electro statically transferred to the paper and fixed into a permanent image.
Inkjet Printer on the other hand uses jets of ink to print characters on paper. It s fires ink drops on
the paper by using an electrostatic field. The print head has a nozzle, which fires a jet of electrically
charged ink at the paper, thus forming a character. It is best suited for printing photographs.
6. What are the different types of memories that form the Memory Unit of the Computer System?
Ans. The different types of memories that forms the Memory Unit of the Computer System are:
• CPU Registers
• Cache Memory
• Main Memory
• Secondary Memory
7. Define the terms “Block” and “Sector” as used in a Hard Disk.
Ans. A sector is one of the “pie slices” of a diskette or disk is divided into. Dividing the circular
medium into pie slices is a way to organize it so that data can be located by the read/write
heads of the drive.
A block is a sector or a group of sectors that the operating system can address (point to).
8. What is the difference between CD and DVD?
Ans. C
D, short for Compact Disc, is an optical medium that can store digital data. It is designed to replace
the old cassette tapes. Usually, a standard CD can store about 700MB of data. That means you can
store CD quality audio that can last for about 80 minutes or video lasting about 60 minutes. DVD,
short for Digital Versatile Disc, is also an optical medium to store digital data. A standard DVD can
hold 4.7 GB of data. So DVD is widely used to store large files like video and movies.
9. How are the terms Data and Information related?
Ans. Data are simply facts or figures — bits of information, but not information itself. When data are
processed, interpreted, organized, structured or presented so as to make them meaningful or
useful, they are called information. Information provides context for data.
10. What is an Input Device? Name two Input Devices.
Ans. Input devices are components of a computer system through which data is given to the computer
for processing. Example- Keyboard and Mouse.
Working of the components: It is through the “Input Unit” a computer receives data and
instruction which get processed in the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the result or
information is shown through “Output Unit”. While doing so the “Internal Storage Unit “ is
responsible for holding the input data, intermediate results, output results and program and
makes them available for processing as and when required. In case the data, information or
instruction needs to be stored permanently for future reference or even after the computer is
turned off, the “Secondary / Auxiliary Memory” is used.
2. Explain the concept of Block, Sectors and Cylinder of a Hard Disk with the help of a diagram.
Ans. Hard Disk consists of 1 or more metal platters which are sealed inside a case. The metal platters
attached to a spindle are magnetic in nature and stores data. Each platter requires two read/
write heads, one for each side. All the read/write heads are attached to a single access arm so
that they cannot move independently. Each platter has the same number of tracks(they are like
concentric rings), and a track location that cuts across all platters is called a cylinder. A sector is
one of the “pie slices” the diskette or disk is divided into. Dividing the circular medium into pie
slices is a way to organize it so that data can be located by the read/write heads of the drive.
The hard disk is usually installed inside the computer’s case, though there are removable and
cartridge types as well. A block is a sector or a group of sectors that the operating system can
address (point to). The bigger the hard disk size more the sectors that a block will hold. It is the
block where actual data is stored.
Computer System 13
3. Describe the memory hierarchies of a computer system.
Ans. The different types of memories that forms the Memory Unit of the Computer System are:
• CPU Registers
• Cache Memory
• Main Memory
• Secondary Memory
4. H
ow is a Impact printer different from a Non-Impact printer? Also give examples of both these
printers.
Ans.
Impact Printers Non-impact Printers
1. It prints characters or images by striking print 1. It prints characters and images without striking
hammer or wheel against an inked ribbon. the papers.
2. Its speed is slower. 2. Its speed is faster.
3. Its printing quality is lower. 3. Its printing quality is higher.
4. It normally uses continuous paper sheet. 4. Its normally uses individual paper sheet.
5. It generates noise during printing. 5. It does not generate noise during printing.
6. It uses inked ribbon for printing. 6. It uses toner or cartridge for painting.
7. It is less expensive. 7. It is more expensive.
8. Dot matrix is an impact printer. 8. Laser printer is a non-impact printer.
Computer System 15
3
Types of Software
A. MCQs.
1. N
ame the type of software that is designed to operate the computer hardware and to provide a
platform for running application software.
a. Application Software b. Web-Based Software
c. System Software d. None of these
Ans. c. System Software
2. Which among the following is not an Operating System?
a. Unix b. Android
c. Microsoft Word d. Microsoft Windows
Ans. c. Microsoft Word
3. Which among the following is used for controlling the peripheral devices?
a. Assembler b. Operating System
c. Library Programs d. Web Based programs
Ans. c. Library Programs
4. Which among the following is not an Antivirus software?
a. WinZip b. McAfee
c. Quick Heal d. Kaspersky
Ans. a. WinZip
5. A
Utility software that speeds up the system by arranging files stored on the hard disk at discrete
location to occupy contiguous storage locations:
a. Antivirus b. Compression Utility
c. Text Editor d. De-Fragmentation Utility.
Ans. d. De-Fragmentation Utility
6. W
hich among the following is a type of translator that converts a program line-by-line to machine
language while executing it?
a. Assemblers b. Compilers
c. Interpreters d. None of these
Ans. c. Interpreters
7. Which of the following is not an example of a Word Processor?
a. Microsoft Word b. Adobe Pagemaker
c. OpenOffice Writer d. OpenOffice Calc
Ans. d. OpenOffice Calc
8. Name the software that helps in organizing and analysis of information in tabular form.
a. Word Processor b. Presentation Tools
c. Spreadsheet Tools d. Database Management System
Ans. c. Spreadsheet Tools
Types of Software 17
9. P
roximity Reader is a device that senses an employee within its proximity and marks the person
present or absent as attendance. – T
10. Customised software are also called Bespoke software. – T
D. SAQs I
1. What is a Software?
Ans. Software refers to a program or group of instructions that are given to the computer, which is
stored in the main memory to perform a specific job.
2. What is a Database Management System?
Ans. A
Database Management System (DBMS) is a software package that enables you to store,
modify and extract information from a database.
3. State any one use of an Accounting Management software.
Ans. Accounting Management Software is used to generate Balance Sheet for a company or an
individual.
4. What is Human Resource Management?
Ans. A
Human Resources Management System (HRMS) is just the software application that caters to
the management of the human resources of an organization. It combines many human resources
functions including benefits administration, payroll, recruiting and training, and performance
analysis and review into one package.
5. What is the function of a Proximity Reader in an Attendance System?
Ans. T hese devices are very advanced compared to the above mentioned Attendance system devices.
It just senses an employee within its proximity and marks the person present or absent.
E. SAQs II
1. What is System Software? Name the different types of System Software.
Ans. System software is collection of programs that is used to service or help other programs during
execution.
The different types of System Software are:
• Operating System
• Utility Programs
• Library Programs
• Programming Language Translators
2. State two functionalities of an Operating System.
Ans.
1. It acts as an interface between the computer and the user.
2. It controls all hardware and software resources of the computer system.
Types of Software 19
10. What is a Presentation Tool? Give two examples of a Presentation Software.
Ans. Presentation Tool is a software that facilitates the creation of presentations on any particular
topic. A presentation is a combination of slides, handouts, notes and outlines all kept in a single
file. It is possible to add text, graphics, photos, clip art, sound and video to your slides.
Examples OpenOffice Impress and Microsoft PowerPoint.
11. Which software is used to analyse statistical data? Give two examples of such software.
Ans. Spreadsheet is used to analyse statistical data. Examples OpenOffice Calc and Microsoft Excel.
12. State two features of Accounting Management Software.
Ans. Two features of Accounting Management Software are:
• Financial Accounting (Multi-Currency)
• Inventory Management (Multi-location)
13. What is a Reservation System?
Ans. Reservation System or Computerised Reservation System is a software that is used to store and
retrieve information and conduct transactions related to railway travel, air travel, hotels, car
rental, or activities. Reservation System was originally designed and operated by airlines, but
currently is extended extensively by Indian railways and also by travel agencies.
14. What is the function of a Payroll module in a Human Resource management Software?
Ans. T he Payroll module is responsible for automating the pay process by gathering data on employee
time and attendance, calculating increments, calculating various deductions and taxes, and
generating periodic pay cheques and employee tax reports.
15. Name two devices that are used as an automated Attendance System.
Ans. Two devices that are used as an automated Attendance System:
• Finger Print Reader
• Proximity Reader
16. What is the function of a Inventory Control System?
Ans. A
n inventory control system is an application that encompasses all aspects of managing a
company’s inventories i.e. purchasing, shipping, receiving, tracking, warehousing and storage,
turnover and reordering.
F. LAQs
1. What is the significance of using a Billing System?
Ans. It provides many facilities to the people working through it. In the billing process one simply
have to add the information into the data base and all the calculations are done by the billing
services provider itself. It handles all the data merging, copying from the sources and application
of different formulas on it to get the required results for the company. It helps to maintain the
system of the costumers, their records and helps to ensure the working of the entire system of
the company.
Types of Software 21
Application Oriented Questions
1. B
elow are mentioned some of the most common general purpose software, give a short
description of them also give two examples of such a software:
General Purpose Software Description Examples
Word Processor
Spreadsheet
Presentation Tool
DBMS
Accounting System
Ans.
General Purpose Software Description Examples
Word Processor Word processing is a term used in • Microsoft Word
computer education for typing, editing, • OpenOffice Writer
saving it for future reference and printing
any kind of text-letters, memos, articles,
reports and even books.
Spreadsheet A spreadsheet is a computer application • Microsoft Powerpoint
that helps in organizing and analysis • OpenOffice Impress
of information in tabular form. It is
primarily used to work with statistical
data and can also help in organizing
information, to calculate and analyze
using mathematical formulas.
Presentation Tool Presentation Tool is a software that • Microsoft Powerpoint
facilitates the creation of presentations • OpenOffice Impress
on any particular topic. A presentation is
a combination of slides, handouts, notes
and outlines all kept in a single file.
DBMS A Database Management System (DBMS) • MySQL
is a software package that enables you • Oracle
to store, modify and extract information
from a database.
Accounting System Accounting System is a practical • Busy
application of management techniques • Tally
to analyse, control and report on the
financial health of the organization.
Thus requiring analysis, planning,
implementation and control of
programs designed to provide financial
data reporting for managerial decision
making.
22 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
2. K
apil finance limited a microfinance firm is planning to computerise its office to give better
service to its customers. Here are some the task the firm needs to do:
a. Write profile of the firm.
b. Stores the name and addresses of the customers.
c. Send letters to customers.
d. Keeps the account of the money being approved for a customer.
e. Give salaries to its employees.
f. Present different products to the employees.
S uggest suitable general purpose software that may be used to perform each of the above
task.
Ans.
a. Word Processor-OpenOffice Writer
b. Data Base Management System- MySQL
c. Word Processor-OpenOffice Writer
d. Spreadsheet Tool-OpenOffice Calc
e. Spreadsheet Tool-OpenOffice Calc
f. Presentation Tool-OpenOffice Impress
3. S t. Antony’s School Vishakapatnam is planning to provide computerised Progress Report to its
students. As the school is affiliated to CBSE, proper norms of FA and SA needs to be kept. Apart
from the aforesaid norms it also accesses a student on other co-curricular and extra-curricular
activities. The problem is, the school is finding it difficult to get an adequate software according
to its requirement. Suggest a suitable software between General- Software and Customised
Software along with reasons for the school to use.
Ans. T he school should opt for a Customised software as there is no generalised software according
to the requirement of the school. Thus a software is required which should be tailor made
according to the requirement of the school.
Types of Software 23
4
Communication Technology
A. MCQs.
1. Which of the following transmission medium is the costliest?
a. UTP b. STP
c. Coaxial Cable d. Optical Fibre
Ans. d. Optical Fibre
2. W
hich among the following is used for transmission in short range (mobile phone) devices?
a. Infrared b. Bluetooth
c. Coaxial Cable d. Optical Fibre
Ans. b. Bluetooth
3. W
hich transmission would you use which can be setup at no time if the cost of digging the land
for placing the cables is high?
a. Microwaves b. Satellite Link
c. Infrared Waves d. Bluetooth
Ans. a. Microwaves
4. W
hich among the following network devices is used for connecting multiple computers over a
network?
a. Hub b. Modem
c. repeater d. None of these
Ans. a. Hub
5. Which of the following is not used for wired transmission?
a. Coaxial Cables b. Optical Fibre
c. Twisted Pair Cable d. Microwaves
Ans. d. Microwaves
6. It is software program that allows multiple users to communicate online in 3D environment.
a. Intranet b. Internet
c. Interspace d. None of these
Ans. c. Interspace
7. A device that is used to connect one LAN with another LAN.
a. Modem b. Bridge
c. Router d. NIC
Ans. b. Bridge
8. A device that is used in a network to amplify dying signals.
a. Repeater b. Bridge
c. Router d. Modem
Ans. a. Repeater
9. Which of the following is not a characteristics of MAN?
a. The size lies between LAN and WAN
b. Data transfer rate is low compared to LAN
c. Cost of setting up this network is higher than LAN
d. The network spans only 100 meters
Ans. d. The network spans only 100 meters
10. Which of the following is the full form of WiMax?
a. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
b. Worldwide Internet through Microwave Access
c. Worldwide Intranet through Microwave Exchange
d. Worldwide Internet by Microsoft Extended
Ans. a. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
Communication Technology 25
5. C
lients are the nodes which facilitates the sharing of its software and hardware resources on the
network. – F
6. Bluetooth technology is used for communication is most hand-held devices. – T
7. Optical fibres though expensive, is the fastest and most reliable transmission medium. – T
8. Satellite link is used for radio waves communication. – F
9. Data transmission rate in coaxial cable is slower than the twisted pair cable. – F
10. RJ-45 is an example of Twisted Pair Cable. – F
D. SAQs I
1. How does TCP/IP protocol help in transmitting of data in internet?
Ans. TCP/IP specifies how data is exchanged over the internet by providing end-to-end communications
that identify how it should be broken into packets, addressed, transmitted, routed and received
at the destination.
2. What is an Intranet?
Ans. Intranet is a local or restricted communications network, especially a private network created
using World Wide Web software.
3. What is an Interspace?
Ans. Interspace is a client or server software program that allow multiple user to communicate online
with real time audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environment.
4. Which wireless technology is used in Mobile phones?
Ans. Bluetooth
5. Which is the best guided media in terms of speed and least data transmission failure?
Ans. Optical fibre
6. N
ame the access mechanism used to connect a cable to a modem to access the Internet using
telephone lines.
Ans. Dial-Up/Broadband
7. N
ame the two most common type of copper cabling used in a network where copper is used as
a conductor.
Ans. Twisted Pair and Co-axial
8. W
iMax is a wireless transmission of data that is used for various transmission modes. What
does WiMax stand for?
Ans. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
9. Name the part of an optical fiber which is also called sheath.
Ans. Buffer Coating
10. What is Infrared used for?
Ans. Infrared is used in home-entertainment remote control devices, cordless mouse, intrusion
detectors, etc.
F. LAQs
1. Explain the working of a modem.
Ans. Suppose you want to connect your computer to an Internet Service Provider (ISP) using an
ordinary phone line. The computer at your end needs a modem to modulate its digital signals
(add them on top of an analog telephone signal) so they can travel down the phone line just
like the sound of your voice. Once the signals have reached the other end, they have to pass
through a second modem, which demodulates them (separates them out from the telephone
signal and turns them back into digital form) so the ISP computer can understand them. When
the ISP computer replies, it sends its signals through a modulator back down the line to you.
Then a demodulator at your end turns the signals back into digital form that your computer can
understand.
Communication Technology 27
2. Briefly describe the basic data types that are used in Multimedia.
Ans. The basic data types that forms Multimedia.
T ext: Text in multimedia systems can express specific information, or it can act as reinforcement
for information contained in other media items.
I mages: Digital image files appear in many multimedia applications. Digital photographs
can display application content or can alternatively form part of a user interface. Interactive
elements, such as buttons, often use custom images created by the designers and developers
involved in an application.
udio: Audio files and streams play a major role in some multimedia systems. Audio files
A
appear as part of application content and also to aid interaction. When they appear within Web
applications and sites, audio files sometimes need to be deployed using plug-in media players.
Audio formats include MP3, WMA, Wave, MIDI and RealAudio.
ideo: Digital video appears in many multimedia applications, particularly on the Web. As with
V
audio, websites can stream digital video to increase the speed and availability of playback.
Common digital video formats include Flash, MPEG, AVI, WMV and QuickTime.
raphic Objects: Special shapes are also used to define different elements in a multimedia. For
G
example Two- Dimensional (2D) or Three Dimensional (3D) shapes are used to define multimedia
objects. These includes various formats used by image, video editing applications. Examples are
CAD / CAM objects.
nimation: Animated components are common within both Web and desktop multimedia
A
applications. Animations can also include interactive effects, allowing users to engage with the
animation action using their mouse and keyboard.3. Explain the difference between Data and
Information.
3. Explain the difference between Data and Information.
Ans. D
ata are raw facts or attributes given to the computer to get Information (i.e., meaningfully
arranged data). Data can be anything a name, address, number, etc., which when arranged or
processed properly gives us information.
F or example, imagine a name “Arijit Mukherjee” and an address “Katmandu”, doesn’t mean
much. But if the data is arranged in the following manner: “Arijit Mukherjee lives in Katmandu.”
T his is quite meaningful. Thus we can say when data are processed or arranged properly gives
us meaningful information.
T hus data are simply facts or figures which are bits of information, but not information itself.
These data when processed, interpreted, organized, structured or presented so as to make them
meaningful or useful, are called information. Therefore information always provides context for
data.
T he words “Information” and “data” are entwined, whether one recognises them as two
different words or uses them reciprocally, which is common now-a-days. Whether they are
utilized reciprocally depends to some degree on the use of context and grammar of the “data”.
Communication Technology 29
Ans. a. LAN
b. Twisted Pair Cable
c. Network Interface Card (NIC)
d. Modem
3. M
r Swapan wants to send a video to Mrs Sinha sitting beside him on her mobile phone. What
networking technology is needed to share a video through the mobile phones? Describe it.
Ans. Bluetooth Technology
It is an unguided media. It is one of the most popular technologies used in hand-held (mobiles
and tablets) devices for transmission of data. Its frequency ranges from 2.402 GHz to 2.480 GHz
and is therefore used for short range communication (approx. 10m). Its data transfer rate is too
slow compared to other waves.
4. Carefully go through the following descriptions and identify what is being talked about?
a. It consist of two insulated wires twisted around each other that provides protection against
noise and cross talk.
b. Disturbance caused due to interference of one signal’s electric or magnetic field into other
signals.
c. It is a device used to convert digital signal to analog vice-versa.
d. It is a software program that allows multiple users to communicate online with realtime
audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environments.
e. It is a device which is used to amplify the signal which is being transmitted.
Ans.
a. Twisted Pair Cable
b. Crosstalk
c. Modem
d. Interspace
e. Repeater
D. SAQs I
1. Why is an Operating System?
Ans. An operating system (OS) is software that manages computer hardware and software resources
and provides common services for computer programs.
2. What is a Interactive Operating System?
Ans. Interactive (GUI based) Operating System: GUI or Graphical User Interface based Operating
System allows the use of icons, windows and menus as tools to interact with the computer.
3. What is Real Time Operating System?
Ans. R
eal-time operating system processes inputs simultaneously to such an extent that it is fast
enough to affect the next input or process.
4. State any one function of “Device Management” of an Operating System.
Ans. It is used to keep track of all I/O (Input/Output) devices like monitor, keyboard, mouse, scanner,
etc., and the program responsible for this task is known as the I/O controller.
5. State any one function of Memory Management by the Operating System.
Ans. The memory management function of an operating system keeps track of the main memory
and checks which part is in use and by which process. It also keeps track of the part that is not
in use.
6. Why is Unix O.S a powerful and flexible O.S?
Ans. Unix O.S uses concepts such as Users, Groups, Permissions and Network-Shared Resources
(such as files, printers, other computer systems, etc.) which is built-in to the core of its design, thus
making it powerful and flexible O.S.
E. SAQs II
1. State two functions of the Memory Management in an Operating System.
Ans. The 2 memory management functions of an OS are:
• The operating system keeps track of the main memory and checks which part is in use and
by which process. It also keeps track of the part that is not in use.
• The operating system makes a decision on which process will get memory when and by how
much.
Operating System 33
2. What is POST?
Ans. When power is turned on, POST (Power-On Self-Test) is the diagnostic testing sequence that a
computer’s basic input/output system (or “starting program”) runs to determine if the computer
keyboard, random access memory, disk drives, and other hardware are working correctly.
3. State three advantages of the Processor Management in an Operating System.
Ans. T he Processor Management functions of an Operating System are:
• The operating system keeps track of the processor and the status of process.
• The operating system allocates the processor (CPU) to a process.
• The operating system is also responsible for de-allocating the processor when processor is
no longer required.
4. What is a Linux Operating System?
Ans. T he Linux open source operating system, or Linux OS, is a freely distributable, cross-platform
operating system based on Unix that can be installed on PCs, laptops, netbooks, mobile and
tablet devices, video game consoles, servers, supercomputers and more.
5. What is Android? Gives three names of the releases of the Android Operating System.
Ans. A
ndroid is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on the Linux kernel and
designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Names of Android releases are Cupcake (1.5), Donut (1.6) and Eclair (2.0).
F. LAQs
1. State the activities of an Operating System related to “File Management”.
Ans.
• It handles the organisation and tracking of files and directories (folders) saved or retrieved
from the secondary storage devices.
• It allows the user to perform such tasks as creating files and directories, renaming files,
copying and moving files, and deleting files.
• It keeps track of information, location, uses, status, etc., of the file system.
• It decides which process gets the secondary memory resources, allocates the resources and
deallocate the resources when the process is complete.
2. Write a short note on the symbian Operating System.
Ans. Symbian OS is a smartphone operating system and was the most widely used smartphone
operating system in the world until 2010, when it was overtaken by Android. Symbian OS began
as an operating system called EPOC, which was developed in the 1980s by a company named
Psion. In 1998, in a joint venture with telephone manufacturers Nokia, Ericsson, and Motorola,
Psion became Symbian, Ltd., and EPOC became Symbian OS.
Using Windows 7 39
E. SAQs II
1. What is the function of a Scroll Bar in a Window?
Ans. A vertical or horizontal bar commonly located on the far right or bottom of a window that
allows you to move the window viewing area up, down, left, or right.
2. State the function of the two buttons of a Mouse.
Ans. Most computer mice have at least two mouse buttons. When you press the left one, it is called
a left click. When you press the one on the right, it is called a right click. By default, the left
button is the main mouse button, and is used for common tasks such as selecting objects and
double-clicking.
The right mouse button is often used to open contextual menus, which are pop-up menus that
change depending where you click.
3. Explain Frames in Windows.
Ans. T he rectangular area inside which an application runs and the user interacts is called a frame or
frame window. A frame has two major components: the frame and the contents that it frames.
4. How would you use the ‘Click and Drag’ method to move an icon on the screen?
Ans. To click and drag, click the left mouse button, and then highlight the items or text that you wish
to select. In some applications, this will create a box around your selected items. When you
release the mouse, you will be able to drag your selection to a new location.
5. Name the different areas of the Taskbar.
Ans. T he different areas of the Taskbar are -a round Start button, Quick Launch icons, a notification
area, and a clock.
6. What is a Toolbar menu?
Ans. It is a menu bar in the form of a toolbar. It consists of commands in menu button and split
buttons. The commands are generally direct commands.
7. State the difference between a File and a Folder.
Ans. The basic difference between the two is that files store data, while folders store files and
other folders. The folders, often referred to as directories, are used to organize files on your
computer. The folders themselves take up virtually no space on the hard drive.
8. How would you create a folder?
Ans. T o create a folder simply navigate to a desired location, i.e., inside a folder and right-click. This
will display a popup menu from which you can click New -> Folder. This will create a New Folder
which remains highlighted until you type a new name for it and hit the Enter key or click outside
the text area.
9. How would you rename a file or a folder in Windows?
Ans. To change the name of a file/folder right-click on a file/folder and from the popup menu click
Rename. The name of the file/folder gets highlighted. Now type your desired name and hit the
Enter key or click anywhere outside the text area of the name.
Using Windows 7 41
Application Oriented Questions
1. M
iss Sweta was working on her computer with Applications Word, Excel and Media Player
open. Suddenly she remembered a file which she needs a hardcopy that is kept on the Desktop.
Suggest the easiest way of accessing the Desktop.
Ans. Miss Sweta may access the Desktop by clicking on Show Desktop button which is on the right
of the clock on the Task Bar.
2. M
r Raghav recently learnt “Numerology” a branch of Astrology in a community workshop. To
try out a live example he took his friend’s date of birth. The problem is he does not know the
dayname on which he was born. Suggest a way that Mr Raghav is able to know the dayname
quiet easily in Windows 7.
Ans. Mr Raghav can click on Date and Time option of the System Tray of the Taskbar and scroll
through the date to locate the day name of the date.
3. M
r Arpan at ASITECT Company requires to repeatedly use OpenOffice Writer, Calc or Impress
at his office. As he repeatedly uses these Applications, he kept shortcuts of these applications
on the Desktop. But this did not help much; as every time he started an application he had to
go through the Desktop, which is usually covered by another Application Window.
Is there any other way he could access such Applications fast?
Ans. Mr Arpan may Pin or fix applications to the taskbar and access them with a single-click of the
mouse.
4. R
onnie had a file named “project.docx” that he created for his Geography Project during the
Summer break. His brother while playing on his computer accidentally deleted the file. Can you
help Ronnie in getting back the “project.docx” file.
Ans. Ronnie may use the search option of the Start Menu for a quick search of the specified file.
5. A
khil got a laptop from his dad on his 11th birthday. He happens to find that the time shown
on the Taskbar is not correct. Suggest a way by which he will change the System time.
Ans. Akhil can use the following steps to change the system time:
1. Open Control Panel and scroll through it until you get Date and Time.
2. Clicking on it will bring the Date and Time dialog box. Now click on the Date and Time Tab if
not visible.
3. Click on Change date and time button which will bring you the Date and Time Settings dialog
box, where you change the systems date and time.
4. Click on OK button on completion.
Using Windows 7 43
7
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer -I
A. MCQs.
1. Which among the following software is not used for Word Processing?
a. OpenOffice Writer b. Microsoft Word
c. Adobe PageMaker d. OpenOffice Calc
Ans. d. OpenOffice Calc
2. Which among the following icons of the Toolbar used to start a New Document?
Ans. a
3. Which among the following icons of the Toolbar used to open an existing Document?
Ans. b
4. Which of the following is not a Font Style?
a. Bold b. Italics
c. Underline d. Capital
Ans. d. Capital
5. W hich among the following Toolbars will you find the option to make a text Bold?
a. Standard Toolbar b. Formatting Toolbar
c. Align Toolbar d. Drawing Toolbar
Ans. b. Formatting Toolbar
6. Which among the following icons of the Formatting Toolbar is used to change the colour of the
Font?
Ans. c
7. T he _________________ alignment aligns selected text to both right and left margin.
a. Left Alignment b. Right Alignment
c. Centered Alignment d. Justified Alignment
Ans. d. Justified Alignment
8. The header and footer option is present in which menu?
a. File b. Edit
c. Insert d. Headers
Ans. c. Insert
D. SAQs I
1. What is a Font?
Ans. A font is a set of printable or displayable text character s in a specific style and size. The type
design for a set of fonts is the typeface and variations of this design form the typeface family.
2. What are the different types of Alignments in Writer?
Ans. The different types of Alignments in Writer are Left, Right, Centered and Justified Alignment.
3. What is a Footer Space?
Ans. The space in a page that places the footer content is called a Footer space.
4. What is the file extension of Writer document?
Ans. The file extension of Writer document is ‘.odt’.
F. LAQs
1. Explain the process of inserting a Header and a Footer in Writer.
Ans. To Insert a Header into a Document
1. Click on Insert Header Default from the menu.
2. This will create the Header Workspace into the document.
3. Click anywhere on the Header Workspace and type in a header, to be repeated at the top of
every page.
To Insert a Footer into a Document
1. Click on Insert->Footer->Default from the menu.
2. This will create the Footer Workspace into the document.
3. Click anywhere on the Footer Workspace and type in a footer, to be repeated at the bottom
of every page.
2. Explain the different line spacing in a paragraph.
Ans. Single: This is the default setting that is used to apply single line spacing to the current paragraph.
This option is used to accommodate the largest font in that line along with a small amount of
extra space, which may vary depending on the font that is used.
1.5 Lines: This option is used to specify a line spacing one-and-one-half times that of single line
spacing.
Double: This option is used to specify a line spacing which is twice that of single line spacing.
Ans. a
7. _ __________________ refers to a set of characters that is positioned slightly higher than the
general text.
a. Subscript b. Superscript
c. Both a and b d. None of these
Ans. b. Superscript
8. T he ‘Special Character’ symbol may be placed into a document using the ___________ menu.
a. File b. Insert
c. Edit d. Tools
Ans. b. Insert
9. W
hich among the following is not present in the ‘Print’ dialog?
a. Collate b. Pages
c. Printer d. Color
Ans. d. Color
10. What is the default paper size of a Writer document?
a. A4 b. A3
c. B1 d. None of these
Ans. a. A4
D. SAQs I
1. What is the shortcut key for Spelling and Grammar check in Writer?
Ans. F7
2. Which menu option contains Thesaurus in Writer?
Ans. Tools
3. What is the keyboard shortcut for subscript?
Ans. Ctrl+Shift+B
4. What is Page Preview used for?
Ans. The Page Preview is used to display the document in a way it will get printed in a writer.
5. What are Bullets?
Ans. A bullet is an asterisk, black dot, circle, or other mark that is found before the text that identifies
key items or other important text.
6. What is the option “Shadow Style” used for during “Border and Shading”?
Ans. It is used to provide some shadow effect to a text.
7. What is a Format Painter?
Ans. The Format Painter is a tool that is used to copy formatting from a text selection or from an
object and apply the formatting to another text selection or object.
E. SAQs II
1. State the difference between a Subscript and a Superscript.
Ans. A subscript or superscript is a character (number, letter or symbol) that is (respectively) set
slightly below or above the normal line of type. It is usually smaller than the rest of the text.
Subscripts appear at or below the baseline, while superscripts are above.
2. What do you understand by the ‘Collate’ option during printing a document?
Ans. The term Collate refers to the gathering and arranging of individual sheets or other printed
components into a pre-determined sequence. Basically, Collating creates consistent, logical
sets from multiple parts.
3. What do you understand by the term “Page Setting” in Writer?
Ans. “ Page Setting” refers to the change in layout of a page or pages in a document. This includes
page margins, width/height of the page, orientation of the pages (Landscape or Portrait), etc.
4. Which menu option allows you to perform “Page Setting”?
Ans. Format
F. LAQs
1. State the process of performing Spelling and Grammar check in Writer.
Ans.
1. Click on Tools menu and from the menu options click on Spelling and Grammar option.
Alternately click on the Spelling and Grammar button in the Standard Toolbar.
2. Writer starts processing the document and displays the Spelling and Grammar dialog box
which suggests a correction if any. You may choose to make the suggested changes or choose
to ignore.
3. Once the processing of the entire document is performed Microsoft Word now displays a
message dialog of its completion. Click on the OK button.
2. What are Symbols? How would you insert symbols into a document?
Ans. A symbol is a special character that is generally not found on the keyboard and therefore cannot
be inserted directly into a document. To insert such symbols:
1. Place the cursor where you want the character to appear.
2. Click Insert -> Special Character to open the Special Characters window.
3. Select the Font to OpenSymbol and select the characters you wish to insert, in order, then
click OK.
3. State the process of creating a Bulleted List in Writer.
Ans. To create a bulleted lists follow these steps:
1. Select the lines to which you want to add bullets or place the cursor on a line, where you
need to start with fresh bulleted list.
2. Click on the Bullets Button from the Standard Toolbar. This will make the Bullets and
Numbering Toolbar to appear.
4. How would you use the Format Painter?
Ans. To use the Format Paintbrush the following steps are performed:
1. Place the cursor in a text that has the formatting you’re looking to apply elsewhere.
2. Now click the Format Paintbrush button.
3. Bring the mouse pointer to the location where the formatting should be applied and select
everything to be changed.
ut the order of the planets should be maintained according to the distance from the sun and
B
therefore the sequence should be maintained. This involves the list to be changed to Numbered list.
Suggest the method by which you will be able to change the above Bulleted list to Numbered list.
Ans. To change the list to Numbered List, select the entire bulleted list and press F12 on the keyboard
to change the list to Numbered List.
ut the text looks too formal. Can you suggest Sunanda with some Artistic Text that will provide
B
a funky look to the message?
Ans. Sunanda can use the Fontworks Gallery to get some Artistic Text to write that message. Click on
the Fontwork Gallery button on the Drawing Toolbar to start with Fontworks.
4. S uzane was typing in a Chemistry Project on her she had a chemical equation on reaction of
Potassium Permanganate and Hydrochloric Acid in the following way:
2 KMnO4 + 16 HCI = 2 KCI + 2 Mn C12 + 8 H2O + 5 C12
Which actually should have been written as:
2 KMnO4 + 16 HCI = 2 KCI + 2 Mn C12 + 8 H2O + 5 C12
Suggest a method through which she will be able to change the equation.
Ans. The problem is with the subscripts which is not implemented by Suzane and is therefore shown
in a straight line. She needs to select those text which should be in subscript and click on the
“Subscript” button from the “Standard Toolbar”.
D. SAQs I
1. What is the keyboard combination for finding a text in Writer?
Ans. Ctrl+F
2. What are Tables in Writer?
Ans. Tables in Writer are used to show tabular data in the form of rows and columns.
3. What is Autoformat?
Ans. Autoformat is a feature in Writer that automatically changes the formatting or appearance of
text.
4. What is Mail Merge?
Ans. Mail Merge is a tool in OpenOffice Writer that allows you to produce multiple letters, labels,
envelopes, name tags, and more using information stored in a list, database, or spreadsheet.
5. What is Track Changes option in Writer used for?
Ans. T rack changes is a feature in Writer that allows users to keep track of the changes a user makes
or other users have made to a document.
6. State the menu option that allows you to insert a mathematical formula into a document.
Ans. Insert->Object->Formula
E. SAQs II
1. Can you insert a row into a Table? If so, how?
Ans. Yes it is possible to insert a row into a Table.
To add a new row anywhere in the table quickly, follow these steps:
1. Right-click on any cell and OpenOffice Writer will present you with a popup menu.
2. Click on the Row option and this will present you with a sub menu from which you can select
Insert … option, which in turn will present you with the Insert Rows dialog from which you
can specify the number of rows to be inserted Before or After the current row. Once you are
done click on the OK button.
2. How would you remove a group of columns in a Table?
Ans. To remove a group of columns in a Table the following steps are involved:
1. Select a group of columns.
2. Click on Table->Delete->Columns
F. LAQs
1. How would you perform ‘Find and Replace’ in Writer?
Ans. To use Find and Replace the following steps are involved:
1. Click on Edit->Find & Replace to activate the Find & Replace dialog box.
2. In the Search for text box type in the word which you want to search for and type in the word
in Replace with text box to replace with.
3. Now do one of the following:
• To find the next occurrence of the word or phrase, click on the Find button.
• To replace an occurrence of the word or phrase, click on the Replace button. After you
click on the Replace button, Writer moves to the next occurrence of the word or phrase.
• To replace all occurrences of the word or phrase, click Replace All.
4. To exit from the Find and Replace dialog box, click on the Close button or hit the Esc key on
the keyboard.
2. State the process of merging cells in Writer.
Ans. To merge two or more cells in a table follow these steps:
1. Select a group of cells from a Table using Click and Drag method.
2. Right-click on it and from the popup menu that appears click on Cell->Merge.
3. State the process of splitting a cell in Writer.
Ans. Follow these steps to split a cell in a table:
1. Click on a cell in aTable which you need to split.
2. Right-click and on the popup menu that appears click on Cell->Split…., which in turn makes
the Split Cells dialog box appear.
Fields Description
Roll Roll Number of the Student
Name Name of the student
Class Class of the student
Section Section of the student
Eng Marks in English
SSt Marks in Social Studies
PName Name of the Parent
GName Name of the Guardian
Address1 First line of the address
Address2 Second Line of the address
E ncircle two elements from the Elements dialog that is required to type in the formula stating
reasons.
Ans.
Ans. c
5. Which of the following is true for Outline View?
a. It displays only the graphics.
b. It allows you insert new slides.
c. It allows you to remove a slide.
d. It displays topic titles, bulleted lists, and numbered lists only.
Ans. d. It displays topic titles, bulleted lists, and numbered lists only.
6. W
hich among the following views allows you to add some extra information to a slide which is
not viewed during the presentation?
a. Normal View b. Outline View
c. Notes View d. Slide Sorter View
Ans. c. Notes View
7. W
hich among the following views allows you to give a thumbnail view of all the slides in a
presentation?
a. Normal View b. Outline View
c. Notes View d. Slide Sorter View
Ans. d. Slide Sorter View
8. W
hich one of the following is not a Custom Animation effect?
a. Fly in b. Appear
c. Jump d. Checkboard
Ans. c. Jump
9. R
ama is preparing a presentation on her company’s annual performance. She wants some text
present on a slide to fly in from the left when she clicks the mouse. Which of the following feature
should she use?
a. Slide Show b. Slide Transition
c. Custom Animation d. Text Animation
Ans. c. Custom Animation
10. Rehman is making his Science Project Presentation on ‘Sustainable Development’ using a
presentation software. He wants to add the phrase ‘Sustainable Development’ at the top of each
page. Which option he should use?
a. Footer b. Header
c. Watermark d. Bullets
Ans. b. Header
OpenOffice Impress 63
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. It is not possible to animate an object in a Slide. – F
2. You cannot insert a movie clip in a Slide. – F
3. A slide cannot be removed in a presentation once added. – F
4. The default extension of an Impress file is .odp. – T
5. The button may be used to create a new presentation. – F
6. The Placeholder allows you to insert only images into a slide. – F
7. T he Slide Transition deck allows you to apply a special effect that plays when displaying a slide
followed by another slide. – T
8. The Rehearse Timings of the Edit menu allows you to change the timings of the slides. – F
9. Handout view is the view that allows you to get a print-out of your slides for a handout. – T
10. The Toolbar shows the thumbnail pictures of the slides in your presentation, in the order they will
be shown during a slide show. – F
D. SAQs I
1. What is a Presentation?
Ans. A Presentation is the process of presenting a topic to an audience using the computer to display
text, graphics and videos.
2. What is a Slide Show?
Ans. A slide show is a presentation of a series of still images on a projection screen or electronic
display device, typically in a prearranged sequence. The changes may be automatic and at
regular intervals or they may be manually controlled by a presenter or the viewer.
3. What is the function of the Presentation Wizard?
Ans. The Presentation Wizard is a guided help in OpenOffice Impress for creating a Presentation. It
consists of a series of dialogues, where the user chooses according to his/her requirement.
4. What is the extension of a presentation file in Impress?
Ans. The extension of a presentation file in Impress is ‘.odp’.
5. What is a Placeholder?
Ans. A placeholder is usually a box with text that indicates the location, font and size of type that the
user will enter.
6. What is the difference between a Header and a Footer?
Ans. A
header is text that appears within the top margin on each slide of a presentation. A footer
appears in the bottom margin of each slide.
7. Which menu option allows you to insert a picture into a slide?
Ans. Insert > Picture > From allows you to insert a picture into a slide.
OpenOffice Impress 65
F. LAQs
1. Describe the different Slide Layouts in Impress.
Ans. Slide layouts refer to all formatting, positioning, and placeholders for all of the content that
appears on a slide. By default there are 12 types of slide layouts in OpenOffice Impress, which
may be applied to a slide in Impress(fig. 10.1). But before going through this layouts, there are
two important terms associated with layouts:
Title: This is to show the title of the slide or presentation as a whole. The text in a Title is usually
bigger than the rest of the text to draw attention.
Content: Content refers to text which is smaller in size compared to a title and contains some
details. It may also contain Tables, Charts, Pictures and/or Movie clips
3. Click the text or picture in the slide that you want to add an effect to.
4. In the Modify Effect area, click on the Add… button. (Note the button is inactive until you
select an object in the slide.)
5. Upon clicking the Add… button, it will display a Custom Animation window with host of
animation effects categorized into five Tabs (Entrance, Emphasis, Exit, Motion Paths and
Misc Effects) for the selected text (or object). Click on a particular group.
6. Perform the adequate animation.
OpenOffice Impress 67
5. How would you change the duration of the animation of a text box?
Ans.
To change the duration of the animation of a text box, picture or slide follow these steps:
1. Open a presentation to a slide.
2. Click on the Custom Animation deck of the Sidebar, which in turn will open the Custom
Animation window.
3. Add an animation to an object using the method as discussed earlier.
4. Click on the button beside the Direction drop-down list to bring the Effect Options dialog
and click on the Timing tab.
OpenOffice Impress 69
9. F areeda is trying to put many pictures and text on a particular slide. Whenever, she is re-
positioning the text box, all other picture objects shift to different positions. Which option, you
will suggest her to fix positions of all the picture objects in one go in a particular manner?
Ans. She can Group all objects together by selecting all object by clicking on each object while holding
the Shift key on the keyboard and right click to select “Group” from the popup menu.
10. Neel has recently joined an insurance company as Marketing Executive. She is making a
presentation on the company in which she wants to incorporate the following features:
a. Add the company’s logo (stored as a file on her computer) on the first slide.
b. Add the name of the company on the top of each slide.
c. Add a movie clip in the 5th slide.
d. Connect Slide 4 to Slide 9 directly.
e. Add slide numbers automatically at the bottom of each page.
Write commands/features of presentation package using which she can achieve this.
Ans.
a. Click on Insert->Picture->From File… option from the menu bar.
b. Click on View->Header and Footer… option the menu bar.
c. Click on Insert->Movie and Sound from the menu bar.
d. Action button should be used for linking.
e. Click on Insert->Page Number from the menu bar.
11. Ms Meeramani has recently joined a construction company as Marketing Executive. She saw a
presentation about the company. She however is not satisfied with it and wants to make some
changes in it. Using your presentation skills, suggest the features to accomplish the following
changes:
a. Add the company’s logo (stored as a file on her computer) on the first slide.
b. Add audio to each slide to explain the content of the slide.
c. Add an effect while shifting from one slide to another during a slide show.
d. Connect Slide 4 to Slide 9 directly.
e. Add slide numbers automatically at the bottom of each page.
Ans.
a. Click on Insert->Picture->From File… option from the menu bar.
b. Click on Insert->Movie and Sound from the menu bar.
c. Click on Slide Transition deck of the Sidebar.
d. Action Button
e. Click on Insert->Page Number from the menu bar.
E. SAQs II
1. State the difference between a Worksheet and a Workbook.
Ans. Worksheet: A worksheet is an object of a spreadsheet program where data is arranged in the
form of rows and columns for manipulation.
Workbook: A workbook is a file in which data in kept in worksheets. Thus a workbook may
contain several worksheets having the default name as Sheet1, Sheet2, Sheet3 and so on. By
default only three sheets (Sheet1, Sheet2 and Sheet3) are shown.
2. What is a cell reference? How would you declare a cell range using a cell reference?
Ans. A
cell reference identifies the location a cell or group of cells in a worksheet. Sometimes referred
to as a cell address, a cell reference consists of the column letter followed by a row number that
intersect at the cell’s location.
3. What is the function of ‘Autofill’? Which menu option allows you to fill up a series using Autofill?
Ans. Calc can identify a progression in a series, when two numbers are filled in two adjacent cells to
fill up the remaining numbers using Autofill.
Menu options: Edit->Fill->Series
4. Name the three methods by which you can edit the contents of a cell in Calc.
Ans. Replace Content, Direct Cell Editing and Formula Bar Editing
5. Name the three alignment types of:
a. Horizontal Alignment
b. Vertical Alignment
Ans. a) Left, Right and Centered
b) Top, Middle and Bottom
s you can see that column B containing Names are overlapping with column C. What should
A
Mr Tarini do so that the names are completely visible.
Ans. M
r Tarini needs to resize the width of column ‘B’ to make the content of that column visible. To
resize the column the following actions need to be performed:
a) Place your mouse pointer to the right edge of column B.
b) The mouse pointer changes to the adjustment tool (double-headed arrow).
c) Drag the Adjustment tool to the right to desired width to make the entire content visible and
release the mouse button.
Can you tell how the text “First Term” in the cells A1 to A5 has such an Orientation.
Ans. The cells A1 to A5 is merged and the text “First Term” has its orientation changed to 90 degree
with horizontal alignment as centered.
D. SAQs
1. What are the different mathematical operators and their use in Calc?
Ans.
The different mathematical operators in Calc are:
^ for exponential (to the power of) e.g. 5^2 = 25 as 52=25
+ for addition
- for subtraction
* for multiplication
/ for division
2. What are the three types of Cell Referencing?
Ans. Relative, Absolute and Mixed Referencing.
3. W
hat are the three options that is presented in the ‘Range and Copies’ section when a worksheet
is to be printed?
Ans. All Sheets, Selected Sheets and Selected Cells.
4. What are the rules for using a function?
Ans.
Rules for using a function:
• All functions begin with the = sign.
• After the = sign define the function name (e.g., SUM, AVERAGE).
• One or more arguments-numbers, text or cell references-enclosed by parentheses. If there
is more than one argument, separate each by a semicolon.
E. LAQs
1. Explain Mixed Cell Referencing.
Ans.
ixed cell referencing is a combination of Relative and Absolute cell referencing. As with
M
absolute cell references, the dollar sign ( $ ) is used in mixed cell references to indicate that a
column letter or row number is to remain fixed when copied from one cell to another. Example
$E4, F$6, etc. Note that for the cell reference $E4 the column letter is fixed while the row
number is allowed to change when copied to other cells. For the cell reference F$6, the row
number is fixed while the column letter changes.
E. Tariq Fashions maintain their employee salary details in Calc as shown below. A
sample data of 7 employees is shown below. Write steps for the operations (a)
to (e) and answer the questions (f) to (h) based on the spreadsheet given below
along with the relevant cell address:
Societal Impacts of IT 85
2. E-health allows you to transfer health resources and health care by electronic means.
3. E-Governance is the process of using ICT for delivering government services to the nation.
4.
E-Commerce is a term that is used to indicate the process of buying, selling, transferring or
exchanging products or services using ICT tools.
5. P
lagiarism is the act of illegally taking away some other person’s writing, conversation, song, or
even idea and publish or produce it as your own.
6. A
Ghost Writer is generally referred to a writer who authors books without taking credit for it and
remains anonymous.
7. The term privacy refers to the freedom from intrusion by the public, especially as a right.
8. C
ybercrime is a term which is used to refer to criminal activity performed using computers and
the Internet.
9. H
acking refers to a technique used to gain unauthorized access to a computer system or network
and in some cases even making unauthorized use of this access.
10. Spyware programs secretly gather information from the computer it has infected and transmit
the information to a different location.
D. SAQs I
1. What is Cybercrime?
Ans. Cybercrime is a term which is used to refer to criminal activity performed using computers
and the Internet. This may include instigating or intimidating someone over the internet,
downloading illegal files and stealing millions of dollars from online bank accounts.
E. SAQs II
1. State three ways in which E-Governance helps us.
Ans. E-Governance helps us by:
• The efficacy of the administration and service delivery has drastically improved by
E-Governance.
• Reduced waiting time is one of the benefits of e-governance.
• Citizens that benefit from e-governance does at a minimal cost or no cost at all.
2. Is W3Schools.com an e-learning site? What does it teaches?
Ans. Yes. W3Schools is a web developers site, with tutorials and references on web development
languages such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, SQL, W3.CSS, and Bootstrap, covering most
aspects of web programming.
3. Name three areas in which ICT performs health care.
Ans. Health Information, Education and Training and Health Systems Management.
Societal Impacts of IT 87
4. State three advantages of e-heath.
Ans.
• It allows methods to access electronic medical records, and the ability to access information
about alternative approaches to medical treatment.
• Saves on time one of the major constraints of conventional health care services.
• It improves patient safety – a complete overview of clinical and medication history helps to
avoid potential errors and complications.
5. What is E-Commerce? Does Banking come under E-Commerce?
Ans. E -Commerce (Or Electronic- Commerce) is a term that is used to indicate the process of buying,
selling, transferring or exchanging products.
Yes e-banking comes under E-Commerce.
6. Explain the term ‘Privacy’.
Ans. Literally the term privacy refers to the freedom from intrusion by the public, especially as a
right. Right to privacy is a part of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which ensures that
no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to the procedure
established by law. The law thus safeguards the right to privacy as a part of fundamental right
guaranteed under the Constitution, only to that extent unless it is overridden by specific laws
where larger public interest is involved. This means that no rights including the right to privacy
are absolute rights.
7. What is the difference between Hacking and Cracking?
Ans. H
acking refers to a technique used to gain unauthorized access to a computer system or network
and in some cases even making unauthorized use of this access.
In hacking, the attempt is to create something, cracking on the other hand has a primary motive
is to destroy something. Cracking usually does not involve some mysterious leap of hackerly
brilliance, but rather persistence and the dogged repetition of a handful offairly well-known
tricks that exploit common weaknesses at the security of target systems.
8. Generally what are the 3 operations an antivirus can do when a virus scan is performed?
Ans. The 3 operations an antivirus can do when a virus scan is performed are:
• Fix: It cleans a file that is infected with a virus.
• Quarantine: Certain virus may be too difficult to be removed completely, this virus are
disabled and kept in a safe place so that it cannot infect other files.
• Delete: It deletes an infected file along with the virus. Since this option also deletes the
original file which got infected, it should only be used when the previous two options do not
work.
9. What do you understand by the term Intellectual Property Rights?
Ans. Intellectual Property Rights refers to the rights given to persons over the creations of their
minds. These rights give an exclusive right to the creator over the use of his/her creation for a
certain period of time.
Societal Impacts of IT 89
3. Habit of including a bibliography or if an author uses a direct quote from another author’s
work, then you should quote it and cite it properly.
4. It is a good practice to mention the source inside a paraphrase for example: “According
to Richard Feynman, quantum electrodynamics can be described using path integral
formulations.”
7. Name the different career options with Information and Communication Technology.
Ans. The different career options with Information and Communication Technology are:
• Software Development
• Computer Programmer
• Web Developer
• Database Administrator
• IT consultant
• Computer Forensic Investigator
• Health IT Specialist
• Mobile Application Developer
• Software Engineer
• Geospatial Professionals
Societal Impacts of IT 91