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Voices

Changing Assertive Active sentences into Passive

Present Simple
A- David writes a novel.
P- A Novel is written by David
[O+ am/is/are + V3 + by + S]
A- Active voice
Present Progressive
P- Passive voice
A- David is writing a novel.
P- A novel is being written by David. S- Subject
[O + am/is/are + being + V3 + by + S] O- Object
V3- Past participle of the verb
Present Perfect
A- David has written a novel.
P- A novel has been written by David.
[O + has/have + been + V3 + by + S]

Past Simple
A- David wrote a novel.
P- A novel was written by David.
[O + was/were + V3 + by + S]

Past Progressive
A- David was writing a novel.
P- A novel was being written by David.
[O + was/were + being + V3 + by + S]

Past Perfect
A- David had written a novel.
P- A novel had been written by David.
[O + had + been + V3 + by + S]

Modal verbs
A- David will/shall/can… write a novel.
P- A novel will/shall/can… be written by David.
[O + will/shall/can… + be + V3 + by + S]
Changing Imperative Active sentences into Passive

A- Open the door.


P- Let the door be opened.
[Let + O + be + V3]

[Note: Avoid agent wherever required.]

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