No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result

1 M. Scaioni a,*1, P. Giommi b, M.T. Brunetti c, C. The ‘Moon The research project ‘Moon The core of ‘Moon The main aim is to Several Chinese
Carli d, P. Cerroni d, G. Cremonese e, G. Forlani Mapping’ Project To Mapping’ has been Mapping’ project is train new scholars to universities and Italian
f, P. Gamba g, M. Lavagna h,
Promote established in 2014 between represented by the be able to work on national research
M.T. Melis i, M. Massironi j, G. Ori k, F. Salese Cooperation
k, A. Zinzi b,l, G. Xie m, Z. Kang n, R. Shi o, Y. the Italian and Chinese central role of different kinds of institutes and
Between Students Of
Sun p, Y. Wu q Governments to promote undergraduate students remotely-sensed data universities have been
a Dept. of Architecture, Built environment Italy And China
cooperation and exchange who are expected carry collected over the officially involved in
and Construction engineering (ABC), between undergraduate out the research activity Moon surface by the this project. Six main
Politecnico di Milano students from both countries. under supervision of Chinese space research topics have
via Ponzio 31, 20133 Milano, Italy –
The operational phase of the senior researches from missions Chang’E-1/2. been identified: (1) map
marco.scaioni@polimi.it
b ASI Science Data Center, Italian Space
project started in early 2015, universities and other The project of the solar wind ion;
Agency (ASI-ASDC), Roma, Italy – and will end in 2017, for a institutions. coordination has been (2) geomorphological
{paolo.giommi,zinzi}@asdc.asi.it total length of three years. Students are assigned to assigned to the Italian map of the Moon; (3)
c Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological specific Topics and Space Agency for the data preprocessing of
Protection – Italian National Research Sub-Topics of the Italian side and to the Chang’E-1 mission; (4)
Council (IRPI-CNR) project. Since there is a Center of Space map of element
via Madonna Alta, 126, 06128 Perugia, parallel structure Exploration, China distribution; (5)
Italy – mariateresa.brunetti@irpi.cnr.it involving both Italian Ministry of Education, establishment of 3D
d National Institute for Astrophysics,
and Chinese project for the Chinese side. digital visualization
Institute for Space Astrophysics and
members, also students system; and (6)
Planetology (INAF-IAPS)
via fosso del cavaliere, 00133 Roma, Italy have a direct compilation and
– counterpart working on publication of a tutorial
{cristian.carli,priscilla.cerroni}@iaps.inaf.it a related topic. This on joint lunar mapping.
e National Institute for Astrophysics, strict cooperation would
Astronomical Observatory of Padua like to give the chance
(INAF-OAPD), Padova, Italy to compare different
gabriele.cremonese@oapd.inaf.it approaches to the
f Dept. of Civil, Environmental, Land research work, and to
Management Engineering and Architecture improve the capability
(DICATeA), University of Parma
to accomplish scientific
Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124
Parma, Italy – gianfranco.forlani@unipr.it investigations thanks to
g Dept. of Electrical, Computer and
the exchange of
Biomedical Engineering, University of ideas.On the other hand,
Pavia, via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy students have the
paolo.gamba@unipv.it chance to work together
h Dept. of Aerospace Science & with expert scholars in
Technology, Politecnico di Milano, via La the field of Moon
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy exploration and
michelle.lavagna@polimi.it planetary research, and
i Dept. of Chemical and Geological
can benefit from the
Sciences, University of Cagliari, via experience of the
Trentino 51, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
international network
titimelis@unica.it
j Dept. of Geosciences, University of Padua,
related to the MMP.
via G. Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy – Besides students who
matteo.massironi@unipd.it directly attend to the
k IRSPS - Dept. of Engineering and research activity, some
Geology, Università d’Annunzio, dissemination actions
65127 Pescara, are planned during the
Italy{ggori,francesco}@irsps.unich.it last year of the project.
l National Institute for Astrophysics,
In particular, the
Astronomical Observatory of Rome (INAF- organization of an
OAR), Roma, Italy
international summer
m Center of Space Exploration, China
Ministry of Education, Chongqing school on the
University, Chongqing, China processing techniques
n Dept. of Remote Sensing and Geo- remote sensing data on
Information Engineering, School of Land the Moon is scheduled.
Science and Technology This important activity
China University of Geosciences, Xueyuan will spread out the
Road 29, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, knowledge achieved
China – zzkang@cugb.edu.cn during the MMP to a
o School of Geographic Sciences, East
larger scenario of young
China Normal University, Shanghai, China
scholars not only
p Department of Computer Science and
Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, limited to Italy and
China – syk@tsinghua.edu.cn China, but with the
q School of Geographic and Oceanographic chance to involve
Sciences, Nanjing University students from other
Xianlin Boulevard 163, Qixia District, countries as well.
Nanjing 210023, China – wu@nju.edu.cn
2 Development of By the end of the 20th The BSEP is being The main GIS The geographic
Natalya Kotelnikova And Ludmila Geographic century cartography has implemented through components are information system,
Kildyushevskaya Information amassed a vast array of an interactive matrix of designed to perform ‘Black Sea’ is cited as
Systems and their information on major aspects national co-ordinators, the following an example. This is an
of existence, interaction and thematic regional functions: information-based
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
use in National the functioning of nature and activity centres and • data input; project compiled with a
Libraries of Russia society owing to vigorous focal point institutions • data storage and view to taking decisions
automation and targeting: emergency database management; on the protection of the
computerisation. response, routine • data analysis and resources of the basin of
pollution monitoring, processing; the Black Sea.
special monitoring, • interaction with the The Black Sea GIS was
biodiversity protection, user (graphical/map developed for use by
coastal zone editing); and governments, scientists,
management, • data output and the general public,
environmental presentation (plotting). NGOs and the media
legislation and for the following
economic data purposes:
management and GIS, • planning for marine
and fisheries. A Project environment activities
Co-ordination Unit and impacts on a
(PCU), based in regional scale;
Istanbul, conducts the • public awareness
overall programme co- through training,
ordination. education, workshops,
In 1994 the PCU lectures and media;
established the working • scientific analysis,
party on Data modelling, ecological
Management and GIS impact assessment,
(GISWP) in order to science planning.
ensure a region-wide
compatibility in the
generation and
management of
databases and to
promote data exchange.
The working party
includes at least one
expert (contact person)
from each of the Black
Sea countries, together
with additional external
No Identity Journals
3 Waleed Lagrab, Noura AKNIN
Tittle Problems and Purpose
Analysis Of Since the establishment the
Educational schools and kindergartens in
Services the study area over the past
Distribution-Based years, which mostly focus on
Geographic hustle and paralyzed traffic in
Information many themes and main
System (GIS) streets, due to lack of
geographical distribution of
kindergarten, and some
Study of Literature Method Result
expertise where
appropriate. The
working party pays
particular attention to
GIS as a means to
communicate data to
environmental
managers, decision-
makers and the general
public.
It was agreed that all
existing maps, which
will be collected by the
GISWP, should be
digitised at Moscow
State University
(MSU), Department of
Cartography and
Geoinformatics. The
MSU was also
responsible for the
distribution of special
GIS software to the
participants in the
project as well as for the
organisation of relevant
training workshops.
Educational services is This study analyzes the One of the most
one of the most spatial distribution of important finding, that
important public kindergarten facilities most of the
services that must be in the study area based Kindergarten was
provided to members of on the Geographic established in Mukalla
any locality, as the Information Systems city, did not take into
education sector of the (GIS), in order to test account the criteria that
most associated with an efficiency of GIS set by the authorities.
the construction of the technology to Furthermore, almost
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
populated areas there was not future and the redistribute the district suffers from a
enough kindergarten to achievement of the existing kindergarten shortage in the number
accommodate the growing renaissance and overall and choose the best of kindergarten, and
number of population, and development sectors, location in the future pattern of distribution
the kindergarten did not take because of its direct and applying the of those kindergartens
into account the criteria and links to political reality standard criteria for dominated by spatial
requirements for and the economic social selecting the suitable dispersed.
kindergarten construction, and cultural sectors, so locations for
especially new one. So, must governments are kindergarten. To
apply the ―principle of striving to provide achieve this goal, the
equality‖ in the distribution of educational institutions data and information
educational services in order of all levels are collected via
to reach all residents in urban (kindergartens, interviews and
and rural areas, and be far kindergarten, comprehensive
from roads and industries universities) in order to statistics on the
risk. accelerate progress and education facilities in
prosperity, where the Mukalla districts in
Progress and people’s YEMEN, which
development are contributed to building
measured by available a geographic database
services to the for the study area.
population, but not the After that, the
amount of these Kindergarten spatial
services only, but the patterns are analyzed
quality of these services in terms of proximity
and their conformity to each other and used
with international near some other land in
standard and the surrounding area
Specifications in the such as: streets,
planning. The planning highways, factories,
and distribution etc. Also, measures the
depends on several concentration,
criteria like: the dispersion, clustering
distance, population and distribution
and other land use. Also direction for the
taking into account the kindergarten, this
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose
4 Tee-Ann Teoa,*, Hsien-Ming Wub, The Analysis Of With the development of
Tian-Yuan Shihc, Fuan Tsaid Smartphone Apps technology, a smartphone in
aDept. of Civil Engineering, National In Geomatics this present era is not simply
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Education for communication; several
Taiwan 30010 - tateo@mail.nctu.edu.tw low cost measurement
b Dept. of Civil Engineering, National devices such as Global
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Positioning System (GPS),
Taiwan 30010 - cheminwu@gmail.com gyro and camera are
c Dept. of Civil Engineering, National assembled in a smartphone.
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Although the devices
Taiwan 30010 - assembled in a smartphone
tyshih@mail.nctu.edu.tw could not meet the needs of
d Center for Space and Remote Sensing accuracy requirement for
Research, National Central University, many geomatics
Taoyuan, Taiwan 32001 - applications, millions of
ftsai@csrsr.ncu.edu.tw mobile applications (Apps)
can be downloaded and
installed from Google Play
and Apple Store freely, and a
variety of sensors can be
chosen for user. Considering
that the popularity and
convenience of a not the major concern.
Study of Literature Method Result
urban expansion in study showed the
those areas and effectiveness of the
assessment of needs the GIS for spatial data
future population in analysis
respect of educational
services. Spatial
resolution problems
usually involve a wide
range of possible
alternatives and
multiple, conflicting
and equal evaluation
criteria.
Many geomatics Apps These numbers were In this study, the
use the built-in sensors classified into four smartphone Apps in
of smartphones to categories. Figure 6 geomatics education
measure distances, shows the average were briefly introduced.
angles, areas, three- downloads for each This study also created
dimensional category. The results a webpage to collect
coordinates and others. indicated that the GPS these geomatics related
It can also link to a web category is the most Apps. Figure 8 shows
map for data editing as widely used and the the screenshot of the
well as navigation. average of downloads webpage. Considering
Although the is about 20,000. The that the popularity and
measurement accuracy photogrammetry and convenience of a
of the devices remote sensing is smartphone, and
assembled in a relatively less assuming that the
smartphone is not as downloaded when accuracy of those
good as professional compared to others. collected data is
equipment, it can be This means, most acceptable for learning
used to collect and people know about purpose, a smartphone
roughly estimate the GPS Apps than can be employed in
information. In this photogrammetry and geomatics for hand-on
study, the accuracy of a remote sensing Apps. education. The
smartphone’s sensors is advantage of using
Apps in education is to
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
smartphone, and assuming The major have hand-on
that the accuracy of those consideration is experience anytime and
collected data is acceptable utilizing the smartphone anyplace
for learning purposes, it is as a mobile mapping independently.
expected that a smartphone device in geomatics Moreover, when
can be employed in education. combining various
geomatics for hand-on sensors and Apps in
education. For example, Category : geomatics education,
Vespucci OSM Editor is an Surveying: To use the there is a great potential
App to edit the
sensors of a smartphone for connecting different
OpenStreetMap on Android. in angle, distance, subjects in a geomatics
The user may have the hand-
height and area education.
on experience on GPS measurements.
positioning, web services and
GPS: To employ the
mapping via Vespucci OSM GPS sensors in
Editor. The aim of this paper
satellites distributions
is to collect and analyze and obtain locations in a
different Apps for geomatics
geographic coordinate
education. The Apps are system (or in
classified into four
geographic coordinate
categories, namely,
systems).
surveying, remote sensing,GIS: To provide web-
GPS and Geographic
GIS services, map
Information System (GIS). updating, and,
combined with GPS to
offer navigation or
directions.
Photogrammetry and
remote sensing: To
combine the camera and
GPS/IMU for images
mosaicking and
applications of close-
range photogrammetry.
5 Ligaya Leah Figueroaa,c* , Samsung Spatial analysis to This paper addresses the In the theoretical model Since the authors’ goal Since the spatial
Lima and Jihyun Leeb identify disparities issues that affect school of physical facilities is to identify spatial analysis result shows
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
aSchool of Civil and Environmental in Philippine building conditions as a case
and student outcomes, clustering in the data, that the school building
Engineering, University of New South public school study of the Philippines.Cash (1993) formalized the regression models requirements are
Wales, Sydney, NSW, facilities Geographic information
that financial that were employed as largely unmet, some
Australia; bSchool of Education, systems were utilized to allocations for a method to predict recommendations are
University of New South Wales, investigate the allocation of
education, school variable relationships proposed so that they
Sydney, NSW, Australia; public school resources and
leadership and are not appropriate. can be implemented by
cDepartment of Computer Science, the extent of disparity in
personnel maintenance Moreover, the the government in order
University of the Philippines Diliman, education facilities among 75
impact the quality of techniques utilized in to improve the school
Quezon City, Philippines Philippine provinces school buildings in the previous studies facilities and mitigate
2012 Philadelphia, only permitted the the existing disparities
Pennsylvania, USA. In analysis and among the four clusters
addition, Tan, Lane, and visualization of cluster of the Philippines.
Coustere (1997) characteristics one
demonstrated that variable at a time
community
characteristics also
affect school
environments in their
econometric model of
student achievement in
the Philippines. Aside
from extending the
work of Alba (2010a)
and Lanzona (2012), the
present study is also
intended to enhance the
model of Cash (1993)
and explore the model
of Tan et al. (1997) by
identifying additional
elements that affect
school building
conditions.
6 Bob Kolvoord Integrating In United States secondary The concept of the Through a The Geospatial
Didáctica Geográfica nº 13, 2012, pp. 57 Geospatial schools, students in their Geospatial Semester is methodology for Semester is finishing its
- 67 Technologies And final year, and especially in simple. We work with project-based learning, 8th year. More than
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose
ISSN: 0210-492X Secondary Student their final term, are often not
2012, Projects: The engaged and focused on their
Geospatial schoolwork. They have
Semester completed college admission
applications and tests and
have little at stake in their
academic performance. They
are beset by a curriculum that
focuses on high-stakes
testing at the expense of more
inquiry-based learning,
which could lead to more
engaging higher-order
thinking and problem-
solving. Teachers report
challenges in motivating
these students and they often
come to university unready to
engage with more
challenging content
In 2004, then Governor of the
Commonwealth of Virginia,
Mark Warner, recognized
some of the challenges
mentioned above, and
suggested some possible
solutions, focusing attention
on the problem. While he
placed a focus on Advanced
Placement (AP) coursework,
this attention provided an
opening for us to propose a
very different sort of
opportunity, the Geospatial
Semester
Study of Literature Method Result
secondary schools to students are motivated 2,000 students in
provide a term- or year- and involved in schools around Virginia
long class in which conducting research have participated in the
students learn about and using geographic project and the large
develop skills with information systems majority of them have
different geospatial and analyze, and even earned university credit
technologies, including propose solutions, for the experience.
GIS, GPS and remote different processes, Students have
sensing, and in which problems or issues demonstrated that they
they engage in an spatial in nature. can master
extended locally-based professional-grade GIS
project to apply those software and use it to
skills in answering explore locally-based
spatial questions of projects of interest.
interest. The class is Students remain
taught by the secondary engaged throughout
school teacher, with their final year of
regular technical secondary school and
support and mentoring are introduced to
from university faculty. content and career paths
Students both earn high not ordinarily available
school credit and have to them. Participating
the option (upon teachers report being
payment of a tuition energized by the
fee) to earn university experience and are able
credit. The tuition is to bring project-based
considerably learning opportunities
discounted (70% to students in the midst
reduction) from the of a mania for high-
standard rate. stakes testing.
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose
7 Ilona Pajtók-Tari, János Mika1, Zoltán Satellite The future teacher of
Utasi. Observations For geography has to know about
1 Department of Geography, Eszterházy Károly Education Of everything which is related to
College, Eger, Hungary. E-mail: utasiz@ektf.hu, Climate Change his or her profession in the
pajtokil@ektf.hu,
2 Hungarian Meteorological Service, Budapest,
real life. This is especially
Hungary. E-mail: mika.j@met.hu true for the devices where
either the factual knowledge
or the interdisciplinary
relations can well be
emphasized. From both
points of view the satellite
imagery and processing is
such a tool. Since this device
reveals figuratively the tiny
details of the surface to us.
Faculty of Natural Sciences
of Eszterházy Károly College
uses the satellite images of
EUMETSAT during 3 years
for educational and scientific
purposes starting in autumn
of 2010. Running a little bit
ahead in time let us be
playing about with the
thought that this imaginary
right is available as physical
reality for us already.
Study of Literature Method
Satellite technology is This paper surveys the
based on key statements of the
electromagnetic IPCC (2007) Report
radiation observations. based mainly on the
The use of remote satellite-borne
sensing techniques from observations to
space is advantageous, support teaching
since this is the only climate change and
way to observe a wide geography by using the
range of geophysical potential of this
parameters on a global technology. In the
scale to acceptable Introduction we briefly
accuracy in a consistent specify the potential
and repeatable manner and the constraints of
(Silvestrin, 2010). remote sensing.
Detection of changes in Next the key climate
the climate system is a variables for indicating
rather difficult and the changes are
long-term task of the surveyed. Snow and
satellite based remote sea-ice changes are
sensing. The key displayed as examples
problems are the limited for these applications.
accuracy of the Testing the climate
observations, i.e. the models is a two-sided
non-random, systematic task involving
error, or bias, that satellites, as well.
defines the offset Validation of the
between the measured ability of
value and the true one. reconstructing the
There is also the limited present climate is the
precision of each one side of the coin,
observation, i.e. its whereas sensitivity of
random errors. Suitable the climate system is
averaging of the another key task,
random errors can leading to
improve the precision consequences on the
Result
For teaching climate
change in any school
subject, satellite images
always bear the
advantage of undoubted
fidelity. Both the
primary products and
composites are
straightforward tools to
understand weather.
Though the above
illustrated possibilities
required far more
elaborations than that in
case if a single image or
a moving series of
them, the satellite
images are of high
confidence among the
public (students or
pupils). Hence, the
above indicators of
climate change and its
research by climate
modelling can
effectively be applied to
illustrate the statements
of contemporary
climate science.
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
of the measurement, so reality of the projected
this problem is not a changes.
strict obstacle of the
long-term observations.
But, the limited
stability, i.e. the time
varying accuracy, when
no absolute standard is
available can lead to
systematic error as a
function of time.
Finally, the
representativity might
also be a constraint
though a good sampling
strategy can mitigate
this problem (Doherty,
2010).
8 Deren Li, Jianya Gong, Peng Yue Geoinformatics Geoinformatics education The basic requirements The paper will give an The paper gives an
State Key Laboratory of Information Education In China has progressed significantly for graduate students overview of the current overview of the current
Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and in recent decades in China. include literacy, status of education in status of
Remote Sensing (LIESMARS), For example, more than two professional skills, Geoinformatics in Geoinformatics
Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, hundred universities have knowledge structure, China. First, the paper education in China, and
Wuhan, 430079, China academic programs on academic capabilities, will provide a general review the work having
Email: drli@whu.edu.cn Geographical Information thesis writing, and review of the scientific been done by expert
Science (GIS), and about dissertation and technological group on Surveying and
10,000 students graduate defence.The literacy development of Mapping.
each year with degrees in section requires that the Geoinformatics in The expert group has
GIS.China’s education graduate students have China. It then presents made significant
system groups disciplines capabilities to read how the development progress in
into a three-level catalogue. professional literature affects the education Geoinformatics
At the first level, smoothly and write and training in China. education in the last few
Geoinformatics covers both academic articles. The In the paper, years. Geoinformatics
Science and Engineering professional skills universities and in China has become
disciplines in China (Figure indicate that the institutes in China that the pervasive
1). In the category of Science, graduate students are can award academic technology for
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
Geography, in particular its capable of doing degrees related to country’s economic
sub-discipline GIS, is the Geoinformatics related Geoinformatics will be progress and
major body contributing to technical works summarized industrialisation.
Geoinformatics education. In Consequently, the
the category of Engineering, education and training
Surveying and Mapping system in
discipline, contributes to Geoinformatics can
education in Geoinformatics. play an active role in the
The Surveying and Mapping development of
is further classified into two Geoinformatics
sub-disciplines at the third industry. Furthermore,
level of the discipline there is still a long way
catalogue: Geomatics to go to improve the
Engineering, and Remote Geoinformatics
Sensing Science and education to a higher
Technology. These level
disciplines reflect the
undergraduate education in
Geoinformatics in China
9 J. Jeziorska a - a University of Wroclaw, Unmanned Aerial Spatial information plays a Teaching materials - Block unit 1: This newly introduced
Institute of Geography and Regional Vehicle – A Tool crucial role in modern The course requires a Introduction to the course will give future
Development, Department of For Acquiring society. The Unmanned variety of teaching subject and the geographers an
Geoinformatics and Cartography, Spatial Data For Aerial Vehicle (UAV), which materials. Although the principles of opportunity to master
Wrocław, Poland Research And is defined as a vehicle flying developed curriculum Unmanned Aerial the skills of acquiring
(justyna.jeziorska@uni.wroc.pl) Commercial in the air with no person on doesn’t require a Systems. spatial data using an
2014 Purposes. New board with the capability of specific model of UAV - Block unit 2: Flight innovative tool – an
Course In The controlling the aircraft or software, the preparation – Unmanned Aerial
Geography And (Eisenbeiss, 2009) is a tool teaching process theoretical Vehicle. Reaching this
Cartography for spatial data acquisition described in this approach. goal requires that
Curriculum In with great potential for publication is based on - Block unit 3: Flight students learn how to
Higher Education science and economics. the features and preparation – use critical thinking and
Hence the ability to operate a materials available at practical approach practical application of
UAV is a desirable skill in the University of - Block unit 4: Flight knowledge to make
the job market and in the Wroclaw. (Field Excursion) well‐reasoned decisions
world of science. There is no Teaching methods and to solve research
doubt that students should and business problems.
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose
learn how to use them
efficiently. Many educational
facilities conduct research
using UAVs, but yet only few
of them include courses in the
curriculum that enable
students to learn how to
operate the UAV. So far the
opportunity to study design,
construction, and UAV
operation has been limited to
engineering schools, and the
need for educating future
geographers, cartographers
and spatial planners in how to
use UAV technology for
research and commercial
purposes seems to be
neglected.
10 C.-K. Wang Department of Geomatics, Use Of Openly With the advent of Google
National Cheng Kung University, Available Satellite Earth (Google, 2011a),
Tainan, 701, Images For Google Maps (Google,
Taiwan chikuei@mail.ncku.edu.tw Remote Sensing 2011b), and Microsoft Bing
2014 Education Maps (Microsoft, 2011), high
resolution satellite imagery
are becoming more easily
accessible than ever. More
importantly, these software
or web services are effective
and efficient interfaces to
provide integrated digital
Study of Literature Method Result
The teaching methods - Block unit 5: This will allow them
used represent a modern Processing flight not only to extend their
approach to the data research skills but also
education process: - Block unit 6: to enhance their
learning through Interpretation of competitiveness in the
practice. The role of the results job market. Developing
teacher in the whole relevant courses in
process is as a guide or areas that foster such
tutor rather than as a academic and
knowledge provider. professional
This approach will development is an
prepare students for important objective for
independent critical universities today.
thinking, presenting
their own ideas in front
of the group and
defending their point of
view, and finally taking
responsibility for their
own decisions. Thus the
course objectives
include not only gaining
knowledge, but also
developing social skills
Google Earth As the goal of the term This paper reports the
The Google Earth is project is to encourage use of openly available
highly acceptable by students to be exposed satellite imagery in an
students due to its to as many satellite introductory-level
intergraded interface, images as possible, remote sensing course
which eliminates the assigning one in the Department of
hassle of querying, particular software Geomatics of National
accessing, would implicitly limit Cheng Kung University
downloading, and this opportunity. So, as a term project. From
displaying images. The the following software the experience learned
imagery provided is introduced to from the fall of 2009
through Google Earth mitigate the hassles of and 2010, it shows that
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
environment for querying, can be recognized in the data pre-processing this term project has
downloading, and displaying interface, such as time (colour balancing and effectively aroused the
openly available satellite of acquisition and georectification). And, students’ enthusiastic
imagery on any PC with image source (usually the students are highly toward Remote
internet connection. Prior to the image distributor). encouraged to acquire Sensing.
any formal remote sensing However, it lacks more openly available
education, the college detailed information, satellite imagery from
students may already have such as sensor name, elsewhere
wealth experiences using resolution, whether or
these software and web not the image has been
services, mainly due to their pan-sharpened, etc.
popular functions (such as
route planning) and friendly
GUI design. NASA World Wind
NASA World Wind
(Kim, 2006) is similar
to Google Earth, but the
data provide through it
are mainly Landsat and
MODIS imagery. It
also provides historical
images function to
access the imagery
archive. However, it is
found that the
bandwidth of NASA
World Wind has caused
significant delay of
image transfer. Thus,
this software is rarely
used by students
11 Tino Johansson GIS in Teacher Geographical Information The Pedagogical The method of this The Finnish universities
Department of Geography Education – Systems (GIS) have not yet Potentials of GIS in paper is kualitatif will therefore face new
P.O.Box 64 Facilitating GIS been widely introduced to Secondary School method with interview challenges in
FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Applications in secondary school geography Geography studi and Likert scale reconstructing their
Finland education in Finland. degree requirements for
Education
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
2012 Secondary School However, in the outline of the The recent emphasis on geography teachers in
Geography new national curriculum for pedagogy focuses on a the future. GIS
upper secondary schools, shift from a behaviorist applications may help
GIS is incorporated into the to a constructivist teachers to facilitate the
elective, advanced approach in learning. implementation of
geography course. The Problem-Based constructivist and
Finnish universities will Learning (PBL) and inquiry-based learning
therefore face new Inquiry- Based learning environments at
challenges in reconstructing are instructional secondary schools.
their degree requirements for methods, which are Despite its potentials,
geography teachers in the based on many secondary
future constructivism and are schools in Finland still
challenging the lack the resources and
customary methods know-how required to
used in secondary use GIS in education.
schools. Students’ roles This paper shows the
are changing from findings of a
passive recipients of questionnaire survey
geographical focusing on in-service
information to active geography teachers at
members of an upper secondary
interacting group, schools in Finland.
which processes and
interprets geographical
information on
realworld issues and
collectively builds up
knowledge through
inquiry and reflection.
Similarly, teachers’
roles are changing too.

12 Thomas R. Baker Internet-Based In the last decade, the use of A formative review of The method of this The use of Internet-
The University of Kansas GIS Mapping in geographic information K-12 GIS training paper is kualitatif based GIS can provide a
2005 Support of K-12 systems (GIS) in K-12 workshops in the method with study of powerful method for
Education classrooms has grown very United States during literature collecting, exploring,
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
little (Donaldson 2000; 2002 revealed that a and analyzing
Kerski 2000). Of the high proportion of GIS geographic and
approximately 1,900 U.S. teacher-training scientific data. Using
high school classrooms that workshops exceeded Internet-based tools as a
have a desktop GIS, less than forty hours and focused first exposure to GIS,
15 percent report ever using it on the development of many educators will
for instructional desktop GIS skills find the value of this
purposesInternet-based (KanGIS 2002). For technology for
mapping provides a powerful widespread K-12 extending student
alternative for successfully adoption of computer- inquiries and will seek
establishingGIStechnology based mapping, the increasingly more
in the K-12 education required commitment advanced GIS
community, while of time and resources is solutions.
simultaneously avoiding the simply unacceptable
traditional barriers associated (Gatrell 2001).
with desktop GIS.
Internet-based GIS can
support standards-based
inquiry methods of teaching
and learning while providing
basic analysis tools for
studying and exploring
geographic or scientific data
in the classroom.
13 Z. L. Yang a, *, J. Cao a, K. Hu a, Z. P. Developing A With the advancement of Geospatial information (1) GIRs registration Results show that
Gui b, H. Y. Wu a, L. You c Cloud-Based sensors and information sharing and geoprocessi and multi-view query GeoSquare can
a The State Key Laboratory of Online Geospatial technologies, numerous g, which can promote functions allow users integrate and foster
Information Engineering in Surveying, Information GIRs, including geodata, the on-demand instant to publish and discover collaboration between
Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan Sharing algorithms, applications and transformation of GIRs more effectively. dispersed GIRs,
University, models, are now available geodata into knowledge (2) Online computing resources
Wuhan, China – (yangzelong, online for public use. Experts in the web geoprocessing and and people.
caojun1212, hukai, from other disciplinary can environment, have real-time execution Subsequently,
wuhuayi)@whu.edu.cn use it to conduct attracted attention. As a status checking help educators and
b School of Remote Sensing and experiments. However, result, there are many users process data and researchers can share
Information Engineering, Wuhan traditional geographical GIRs published online conduct analysis and exchange resources
information system is as web services which without pre-
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
University, Wuhan, China – cumbersome and expensive. can be used for installation of in an efficient and
zhipeng.gui@whu.edu.cn Web geoprocessing based on collaborative education cumbersome harmonious way.
c Faculty of Computer Science and service collaboration has and research in cross- professional tools on
Information Engineering, Hubei been receiving increased domain their own machines
University, Wuhan, China – attention for geoscientific (3) A service chain
yoyo@huhu.edu.cn knowledge discovery. orchestration function
2016 Therefore, this article enables domain
proposes to develop a cloud- experts to contribute
based online geospatial and share their domain
information sharing and knowledge with
geoprocessing platform to community members
facilitate collaborative through workflow
education and research. modeling.
(4) User inventory
management allows
registered users to
collect and manage
their own GIRs,
monitor their
execution status, and
track their own
geoprocessing
histories.
14 S. Agrawal a*, R. D. Gupta b, a School Mapping GIS is a collection of tools Type School mapping Village Boundary The present paper
a GIS Cell, Motilal Nehru National And Geospatial and techniques that works on is an important part of Map illustrates how the GIS
Institute of Technology, Allahabad - Analysis Of The the geospatial data and is web GIS in education Village map of Jasra can be used in accessing
211004, U.P., India - Schools In Jasra used in the analysis and sector. According to block has been taken the current state of
sonam@mnnit.ac.in Development decision making. Education (Al-hanbali et al., from National education and also in
b Civil Engineering Department, Block Of India is an inherent part of any civil 2005), "School Information Center locating the probable
Motilal Nehru National Institute of society. Proper educational mapping is the art and (NIC), Government of places of concern in the
Technology, Allahabad -211004, U.P., facilities generate the high science of building India. It is used for the study area. The various
India - gupta.rdg@gmail.com quality human resource for geospatial databases extraction of village analyses have been
any nation. Therefore, with relational boundary map through carried out on the
government needs an databases of georeferencing and on- mapped schools. The
efficient system that can help educational, screen digitization. possible concerns have
in analysing the current state demographic, social Total 114 village been raised along with
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose
of education and its progress.
Government also needs a
system that can support in
decision making and policy
framing. GIS can serve the
mentioned requirements not
only for government but also
for the general public. In
order to meet the standards of
human development, it is
necessary for the government
and decision makers to have
a close watch on the existing
education policy and its
implementation condition.
15 Assist. Prof. Dr. Murat ATEŞ Geography The aim of geography
Department of Geography, Namık Teachers’ teaching for an individual can
Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey Perspectives be summarized as the
2013 towards understanding of life with all
Study of Literature Method Result
and economic boundaries have been each type of analysis.
information for schools digitized. These issues need to be
and educational GPS field survey tackled for better
directorates to support The location of each education system. This
educational planners school of Jasra block paper provides the
and decision makers." has been collected framework of the
Hence web GIS works using the hand held application of GIS in
as the visualization tool GPS. Trimble Juno 3B the education field, in
and also help in handheld GPS with 2-5 particular, school
planning and decision meter real time mapping and their
making. It could be accuracy has been used geospatial analysis
used in the for this purpose. required for the success
infrastructure Attribute Data of Right to Education
development and Collection (RTE) and Sarv Sikha
upgradation of schools Education data like Abhiyaan (SSA)
by combining several number of schools, programmes of
indicators (Attfield et student enrolment, Government of India.
al., 2002). It provides gender and caste wise
the tools and techniques enrolment, number of
that handle the teachers, examination
education from results of previous
geographic perspective academic session,
(Mendelsohn, 1996). classrooms condition,
repair needs, etc. have
been collected from
District Information
System for Education
(DISE), New Delhi,
India. This data served
as the attribute data in
the geographic
database.
In the study, general According to the The study revealed that
survey model was used findings of the the teachers found GIS
and the questionnaire research In terms of considerably useful in
was used as data educational primary education due
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose
Geography its constituents. The students’
Education with learning of the features of our
Geographic world, human systems for
Information their needs, realizing their
Systems (GIS) limitations and the width of
universe, meeting their needs
with sustainable sources and
living in a happy and
prosperous atmosphere can
be possible with geography
knowledge. The role of
geography education is so
significant in terms of society
and the country. Students
have the chance to learn the
necessity to live together,
providing social solidarity
and the reasons why social
development is so crucial in a
society through geography
education. Geography
education also gives students
the conscious of social,
financial and cultural
improvement of a country by
getting the knowledge of
individuals’ and societal
problems and the skills to
find out solutions to the
problems.
The purpose of this research
is to put forth a total of 104
geography teachers’
perspectives towards the use
and applications of GIS
Study of Literature Method
gathering tool. In the institutions’ physical
analysis of the data, facilities, nearly half of
descriptive statistics the institutions have
along with t test and one computer labs and only
way analysis of a few of them (22%)
variance (ANOVA) and have GIS software. A
Chi-square tests were majority of the
used. research teachers have
heard about GIS before
but only 32% of them
are able to use and
25% of them use it in
their geography
courses. Among the
research teachers’
students, only 19% of
them use GIS or its
applications in their
projects or
assignments.
According to the
findings, 27% of the
research teachers
participated in an
educational activity
towards GIS and 48%
of them stated that they
know where to take
GIS education. A very
significant point is that
a majority of the
geography teachers
stated that they would
participate in
educational activities
related to GIS
Result
to its ability to enable
students to learn
visually, improve their
map skills, and promote
retention. However, the
teachers also mentioned
several potential
problems, including
their own shortcomings
in using both computers
and GIS, the lack of
time allotted for such
activities, students’
inadequate computer
skills, and the level of
difficulty of GIS since it
has been found to be
rather difficult for the
students. A number of
solutions to these
problems have been
proposed in the study.
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose Study of Literature Method Result
through a questionnaire organized by the
throughout Turkey National Educational
Board.
16 Elif ALADAĞa An Evaluation of The aim of this study is to GIS is also an important The data were
Adnan Menderes University Geographic evaluate the applicability of tool for aiding students collected using
2014 Information Geographic Information to gain geographical qualitative research
Systems in Social Systems (GIS), used consciousness, which methods. The
Studies Lessons: increasingly in primary and can be defined as interview method was
Teachers’ Views* secondary education across willingly having, used to gather
the world, in social studies protecting, using, information on the
lessons in Turkey. In line organizing, planning, applicability of GIS in
with this aim, 14 social and saving nature and primary education.
studies teachers working in elements belonging to Prior to the interview,
the province of Aydın, humans (Karabağ & a 6-hour training
Turkey received a 6-hour Şahin, 2007). GIS helps session on
training course about GIS students to realize Geographical
during the 2011-2012 natural and human Information Systems
academic year. The training elements. Moreover, was given. The
covered theoretical planning and analyzing training provided
information on GIS, a the data regarding these theoretical information
demonstration of ArcGIS elements makes on GIS and the
9.2— a GIS software widely decision-making easier. demonstration of
used in the world, and the ArcGIS 9.2, the
presentation of GIS-based world’s most widely
teaching materials prepared used GIS software.
by the researcher prepared in With this software,
accordace with the Turkish sample lessons
national social studies prepared by the
curriculum for primary researcher in
schools. accordance to the
social studies
curriculum in primary
education were
introduced to the
teachers. At the end of
the study, an interview
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose
17 Mohammad A. Rob Applications of Geographical Information
University of Houston-Clear Lake, Geographical Systems (GIS) are becoming
Houston, Texas, USA Information useful tools in making
2003 Systems in strategic decisions whenever
Understanding data are found to have spatial
Spatial distribution. Federal, state,
Distribution of and local governments are
Asthma using GIS for assessment and
planning in such areas as
housing, healthcare, land use,
natural resources,
environmental monitoring
and transportation.
Companies are also using it
to expand and consolidate
existing businesses, perform
market analysis, and to find
optimum delivery routes. In
this paper, we illustrate the
usefulness of GIS in the
analysis and presentation of
spatially distributed asthma
prevalence among school
children (13-17 years) in the
New York City area. To the
best of our knowledge, this is
the first presentation of
asthma survey results
distributed over the zip codes
of a large city.
Study of Literature Method Result
was conducted to
determine the
teachers’ views on the
applicability of GIS in
social studies lessons
in primary education
Asthma has become a To understand asthma Preliminary results
public health concern, prevalence in a show good correlation
especially among localized area, a between asthma and
children in the United survey was performed poverty. They also
States (American Lung on students in several correlate well with the
Association, 2002; middle and high spatial distribution of
CDPH, 2000; Lara et schools of the New asthma hospitalization
al., 2002; Mann, 2000). York City area data. Results reveal an
More than 20 million (Institute on Climate overall asthma
Americans have asthma and Planets, 2002). prevalence of ~ 16% as
and about 5000 people The project started in compared to the
die from asthma each spring 2000 and national average of ~
year. African continued for several 12% for a similar age
Americans (Blacks) are semesters. In the group (5-17 years).
more susceptible to questionnaire, students When comparing
death from the disease were asked about their asthma rates among the
than Caucasians age, gender, race, predominant racial
(Whites), and females school and home zip groups of the city –
are more predisposed to codes, as well as Blacks and Hispanics
asthma than are males whether they had are found to have a
among all age groups. asthma or not higher prevalence than
Low-income and according to their Whites or Asians. The
minority populations, belief. Details of the inner-city population
as well as children in data formats can be shows a significantly
general have higher found in the project higher asthma
rates of asthma in Web site, prevalence than those in
comparison to other http://icp.giss.nasa.gov the suburbs. This study
groups. /research/urbanmaap/ shows our
asthma.html . A total understanding of
of approximately 4300 asthma prevalence in a
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose
18 MARSHA ALIBRANDI Making a Place for In our experimentation, each
University of North Carolina Technology in of us has learned certain
JEAN PALMER-MOLONEY Teacher Education lessons, and each has tried to
SUNY Oneonta with Geographic inform her practice
2001 Information accordingly. Both university-
Systems (GIS) based and community-based
nodes have important roles
and places in collaborative
networks that support GIS
integration. Those forging
GIS integration know well
the necessity of networking
with fellow educators, with
students, and with industry
and agency partners. GIS
integration more directly
reflects the networked
landscapes of the
'information age' workplace;
the workplace in which
Study of Literature Method Result
students aged 13 dimension that could
through 17 were not have been possible
surveyed. ArcView 8.1 prior to the availability
was used to plot spatial of GIS. The results will
distribution of data help us making further
over the New York decisions in planning
City zip codes. In the for asthma research.
study, a shapefile
containing U.S. zip
code boundaries was
downloaded from the
Web and only zip
codes in the New York
City area were used in
the maps.
Social studies teacher Both authors are We navigate the
education faculty involved in the dangerous divide across
members who research and the 'love/hate'
effectively integrate development of social relationship between
technology in methods studies education in education and
courses provide such a landscape. At innovation. Social
students opportunities this point, there is no studies is largely the
to explore applications map to follow. The domain of those who
for the K-12 classroom addition of GIS love history; the stories
and to consider how technology into social that have been told and
technology is changing studies education retold. To think
the way we teach and means stepping into differently about what
learn. As social studies the unknown, taking history is, how it is
teacher educators, one risks, creating shaped, documented,
of our roles is to model pathways and represented, stored,
appropriate uses of experimenting. Indeed, archived, and
technology for our these are the very reinterpreted by whom,
preservice landscapes we ask in whose interest and
teachers...(Mason, teachers to create for through which media is
Berson, Diem, Hicks, themselves. It requires where we see the
constant articulation horizon for 'conducting
No Identity Journals Tittle Problems and Purpose
today's K12 students will
spend their working lives.
Study of Literature Method Result
Lee, & Draille, 2000, and reflection to social studies.' In the
p.1) determine what historical context of
GIS is being used as a worked, what didn not, standards and testing
learning tool in some what worked in driven by publishing
school settings, as unintended ways, and interests focused on
showcased in the 1995 what could be done to traditional contents of
video, Explore Your facilitate the work to social studies, there
World: GIS in K-12 make it more effective seems little hope for
Education (ESRI) and in its next iteration. integrating GIS for
in the book GIS in This requires 'conducting social
Schools institutional support studies.' Yet many
and personal time and await the inevitable
dedication. The time return of the pendulum.
commitment is often The skills of
overwhelming. Both interpretation, research,
authors strongly and representation are
believe that there are those embedded in the
transformative benefits social studies and can
to GIS integration in be enhanced by GIS.
social studies. Moved With its application are
to take the challenges opportunities for
for social studies and integrating actual
technology from our experience, virtual
respective state application, critical
education reflection, and ethical
departments, we have practice of conducting
met them by social studies.
incorporating GIS.