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7.1.1.Electric Charge
1. There are two kind of electric charge, namely the positive charge and the negative charge.
2. Like charge repel each other.
3. Unlike charge attract each other.
4. A neutral body can be attracted by another body which has either positive or negative
charge.
5. The SI unit of electric charge is Coulomb (C).
Example
Charge of 1 electron = -1.6 x 10-19C
Charge of 1 proton = +1.6 x 10-19C
Sum of Charge
Sum of charge
= number of charge particles × charge of 1 particle
Q=ne
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CHAP 7 : ELECTRICITY (PART 1)
Example:
Find the charge of 2.5 x 1019 electrons.
(Charge of 1 electron is -1.6 x 10-19C)
Answer:
7.1.2.Electric Field
1. An electric field is a region in which an electric charged particle experiences an electric force.
2. Electric field is represented by a number of lines with arrows, called electric lines of force or
electric field lines.
3. The strength of the electric field is indicated by how close the field lines are to each other.
The closer the field lines, the stronger the electric field in that region.
Example
4. The lines of force are directed outwards for a positive charge and inwards for a negative
charge.
6. The figure shows a few examples of the field pattern that you need to know in the SPM
syllabus.
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CHAP 7 : ELECTRICITY (PART 1)
Effect of Electric Field on a Ping Pong Ball Coated with Conducting Material
3
CHAP 7 : ELECTRICITY (PART 1)
4
CHAP 7 : ELECTRICITY (PART 1)
7.2 Current and Potential Difference
7.2.1 Current
Q = It
where Q = charge [Coulomb]
I = current [Ampere]
t = time [seconds]
Potential difference: Work done to move 1 Coulomb of charge from one point to
another in an electric field.
V ∝ I =Constant = Resistance
5
CHAP 7 : ELECTRICITY (PART 1)
1. its length l,
2. its cross-sectional area A
3. its temperature and
4. the type of material.
Length
Temperature
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CHAP 7 : ELECTRICITY (PART 1)
Material
Review Questions
1. A small body has an initial charge of +3.0C. What is its final charge if
a. It acquires electrons from another body,
b. It losses electrons
2. A fuse wire will blow if the current flowing through it exceeds 5.0A for a time of 80ms.
a. What is the quantity of electric charge that has passed through the fuse wire in 80ms?
b. How many electrons have passed through the fuse wire in that time, given that the charge on 1
electron is
3. The energy released between points A and B shown in figure below is 60J when a charge of 20C flows
from A to B.
4. A resistance wire of resistance 3Ω has length and cross section area . What is the
resistance of another wire of the same material, but with length and cross section area ?