Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
September 17 2009
September 17, 2009
San Diego
Overview of Microgrid R&D in Japan
Akihiko Yokoyama
The University of Tokyo
Overview of Microgrid related R&D in Japan
Battery
B tt C
Control
t l with
ith PV B tt
Battery S
System
t R&D P
Project
j t
in Ohta City
in Kyoto Area
Advanced Analog-Type
Microgrid
g Project
j
d Power S
N t
Network kP
Project
j t iin S
Sendai
d i Cit
City
Po
ower flow
コージェネ
Control
C t l
レーション
レ ション
Power flow
information コージェネ
レーション
コージェネ
レーション
Power flow
Technical Committee supported by METI
Voltage Control of a Feeder with a Large
Penetration of PV Generations by Batteries
Penetration of PV Generations by Batteries
From 2002 to 2007
Measuring device
SCADA System
SCADA System
Remote Communication Device
Distribution Substation Power Conditioner
Communication Line
Hi h l
High‐voltage Line
Li P
Power Flow
Fl
Measuring device Remote Communication Device
Solar Radiation
Measuring
Wind direction, velocity
Measuring device
device Battery
Low‐voltage Line Low‐voltage Line
Communication
Measuring Measuring device
device device
Customer Customer
Load Load
Battery
Measuring System
Measuring System PV System Batteryy
PV System
PV System
NEDO Ohta City Project
Independent and Islanding Operation of Microgrid
From 2003 to 2008
東部終末処理場
Wasted Water Bio Gas Engine
バイオガスエンジン Photovoltaic Generation (50kW)
太陽光発電 50kW
Process Center 170kW×3
(終末処理場へはシステム
による電力供給は行わない)
東北電力系統 エンジン排熱を有効利用
Tohoku Electric
制御システム
Control System
Power Co.
自 営 線 (電 力 ・通 信 )
消化槽 消化ガス Battery
鉛電池
Bio Gas
タンク 50kW×2
ution Line
廃材 木質バイオマス 蒸気ボイラ(既設)
Biomass Boiler
ボイラ
1t/h 消化ガスをエンジンン燃料に利用
Distribu
小中野中学校(59kW)
Junior High School 小中野小学校(47kW)
Primary School 江陽中学校(49kW)
Junior High School 江陽小学校(50kW)
Primary School
(49kW) (47kW) (49kW) (50kW)
Wind Power
風力発電 Wind Power
風力発電
PV
太陽光発電 8kW
PV
太陽光発電 8kW
10kW 10kW
Peak load
八戸市庁舎本館 旧庁舎
City Hall
City Hall
City Hall
(360kW:推計) (38kW)
(38kW)
600kW
k
(360kW) Wind Power
風力発電
4kW
PV
太陽光発電
10kW
東北電力系統
Tohoku Electric
Power Co.
NEDO Hachi‐no‐he City Project
Operation of DGs including RES
as a Virtual Power Plant
Vi lP Pl
From 2003 to 2008
Commercial Power System, Utility Power System (Kansai Electric power company)
Wind Power
Bio Gas Generation
Supply Generation Photovoltaic Power
side Fuel Cell Generation
Control System Supply & Demand
Balance Control
Internet
Apartment House
Demand
side
City Hall
Hospital
Hospital School
School
NEDO Kyoto Project
Multiple Power‐Quality
Electricity Supply Network
Electricity Supply Network
From 2003 to 2008
Utility From 2003 to 2008
((Tohoku Electric
T h k Fukushi
Tohoku F k hi U
Univ.
i E
Energy Center
C t
Power Co.)
CB
Bus Tie CB
3-phase 6.6kV Bus
Integrated High-Quality
Power Supply Device
Normal- High-
High- High- High- High-
Quality DC
Quality Quality Quality Quality Quality
(B3) Load
Load (B3) (B2) (B1) (A)
Load
L d
Load L d
Load Load Load
Sendai City
DG & Load
A group of ADG & Load
group of
Distributed Distributed
P
Power Generation
G ti 1km P
Power Generation
G ti
and load (#1) and load (#3)
Site A Site D
Operation system
DG & Load
A group of DG & Load
A group of
Distributed 0.5km Distributed
Power Generation Power Generation - Many types of DGs
and load (#2) and load (#4) installed in 4 places
separately
Site B 6.6kV and 22kV
Experimental Site C - Communication
Communication
C i ti Network
Distribution line
distribution line
network
(Total length;
(Total 5km)
length;7km)
NEDO Akagi Project by CRIEPI
Shimizu Microgrid System
Exhaust heat
G engine
Gas i gen. 350kW recovery 排熱回収
Absorption
water heater-chiller
Gas engine gen. 90kW
INV INV
S
Shadable
load
Wind turbine
sensitive load
s
M
Most
Lead acid 6kW×2
Gas engine CHP Sensitiive
battery 50kW-
25kW×2
load
30min
d
Fault on
Commercial
line
AC/DC
AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC
f_SB PLL
AC/DC
AC/DC
AC/DC AC/DC
Local
Control
C t
Center
How much is the excess capacity used?
Ex. Load Frequency Control How is the microgrid controlled?
H
How iis an ancillary
ill service
i costt d
defined?
fi d?
House : 70%
14MW N H
Non-House : 40%
House : 80%
Non-House : 30%
Non-House : 20%
(4)
(4)Fundamental Research for Common Use Fundamental Research
Assessment Methods Applied to Battery for common use
Produced in the Above Projects
※Final target=Assessment methods for Cost, Safety, Lifetime, Performance
G
Central Control
L
Large-scale
l Center B tt
Battery
Power Supply Super Capacitor
Power
Network
Local Control Center
Power
Wind
Wind
Power
Small Power Supply
Load Network Power
Small-size
G
Power Microgrid
Gas Engine
Gas Turbine
Heat Pump Power
Power H2
Heat
Reversible FC H2
Power
Reversible FC PV
Hot Water H2
Tank Load H2
Hydrogen
Local Network
Electric Vehicle
Contribution of Heat Pump based Water Heater
to LFC for Reduction of Battery Capacity
to LFC for Reduction of Battery Capacity
BESS(Battery) 100%
90%
1
0.4
0.2
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
LFC Generator
-0.8
-1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Power consumption
300
1500
W]
BESS Output [MW
1450 200
1400 100
1350 0
1300 -100
Power power
Wind Information &
Control Signal
Small-scale Network
Microgrid
Distribution Network
Information &
Power G
Control Signal
Power Micro
Gas Engine
Gas Turbine
Load PV
PHEV, EV
・When?
When?
Charging & Discharging ・How?
・How much?
New National Projects in Japan
j p
From 2010 to 2015
Wind Battery
PV
Battery Battery
PV
in Aichi EXPO
Island Microgrid Project
Virtual Power Plant Project 200million$ 75 million$
$ for 5years
y
Supply N
N t
Network kP
Project
j t iin S
Sendai
d i Cit
City